Preparation method of abamectin dreg fertilizer

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of an abamectin herb residue fertilizer, and relates to the technical field of fertilizer preparation.The preparation method comprises the steps of pretreatment of abamectin herb residues, preparation and fermentation, nutrient substance blending and finished product fertilizer quality detection.The preparation method has the advantages that the abamectin herb residues are collected through a closed negative-pressure collecting device, and the abamectin herb residue fertilizer is obtained; the abamectin medicine residue collecting device can effectively avoid pollution caused by contact of abamectin medicine residues with external impurities and dust flying in the collecting process, effectively avoid secondary pollution and resource loss of the medicine residues in the collecting process, refine the grain size of the medicine residues to a range suitable for a subsequent process through multi-stage smashing treatment, increase the specific surface area of the medicine residues and improve the quality of the medicine residues. And high-temperature steam sterilization is combined with low-frequency ultrasonic assistance, so that infectious microbes and pathogenic bacteria can be efficiently killed, the medicine residues can be preliminarily cured, internal chemical bonds are broken, more potential nutrient substances are released, and a foundation is laid for resource utilization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizer preparation, in particular to a method for preparing avermectin drug residue fertilizer. Background Art

[0002] With the wide application of avermectin in agriculture, medicine and other fields, its production scale is constantly expanding, and the output of avermectin residue is also increasing. At present, most avermectin manufacturers treat the residue in a relatively extensive way. On the one hand, avermectin residue often contains inadequately extracted active ingredients and nutrients such as protein and sugar, but most manufacturers treat it in an extensive way, and the residue is directly discarded or simply landfilled, which is not only a serious waste of resources, but also in the natural environment, the decomposition of organic matter in the residue will release harmful gases such as methane and hydrogen sulfide, polluting the atmospheric environment. At the same time, the chemical components in the residue penetrate into the soil and groundwater, which will lead to a decrease in soil fertility, aggravation of salinization and groundwater pollution, posing a threat to ecological balance and sustainable agricultural development; On the other hand, traditional fertilizer preparation methods have significant limitations. In terms of nutrients, traditional fertilizers often focus on the addition of major elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, ignoring the supplementation of trace elements and organic active substances, making the fertilizer nutrient structure single. Long-term application of this unbalanced fertilizer will cause nutrient imbalance in the soil, reduce crop quality, and weaken the ability to resist diseases and pests. In terms of production technology, traditional fertilizers mostly use chemical synthesis or simple physical mixing methods. The production process is energy-intensive and polluting. For example, chemical synthetic fertilizers consume a lot of energy for chemical reactions and also emit sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and other harmful substances. Harmful gases, and traditional processes are difficult to ensure the uniformity and stability of the various components of the fertilizer, and are prone to caking, nutrient loss and other conditions. In terms of function, traditional fertilizers only have the basic function of providing plant nutrients, and are lacking in comprehensive functions such as soil improvement, microbial community regulation, and pest and disease control. They cannot meet the needs of green and sustainable development of modern agriculture. The preparation of this new type of fertilizer can not only realize the resource utilization of drug residues and reduce environmental pollution, but also provide high-quality fertilizer products for agricultural production and promote sustainable agricultural development. To this end, we propose a preparation method for avermectin drug residue fertilizer. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing avermectin drug residue fertilizer.

[0004] In order to solve the problems raised in the above background technology, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a method for preparing avermectin drug residue fertilizer, comprising pretreatment of avermectin drug residue, preparation and fermentation, nutrient preparation and finished fertilizer quality detection, and the specific operation steps of the avermectin drug residue fertilizer preparation are as follows: Step 1, collecting fresh avermectin residues in an avermectin production plant, controlling the water content thereof, and storing them in a sealed container for standby use; Step 2, the collected avermectin drug residues are crushed three times, using a jaw crusher, a hammer mill and an ultrafine grinder to perform the crushing operation in sequence, and after the crushing is completed, high-temperature steam is used for sterilization, and a low-frequency ultrasonic auxiliary device is introduced for sterilization; Step 3: adding humic acid, urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate to the crushed and sterilized drug residues, mixing them evenly, controlling the moisture content of the mixture, and adding a fermentation promoter and a biological bacterial agent to mix, so as to obtain a mixed material; Step 4: placing the mixed material in a large fermentation tank, controlling the ventilation volume in the early, middle and late fermentation stages, while maintaining the oxygen content in the fermentation tank, performing ventilation fermentation operations, and obtaining a fermentation liquid; Step 5: After the fermentation is completed, the fermentation liquid is separated into solid and liquid using a filter press and a high-speed centrifuge to obtain a clarified fermentation liquid, water is added to the clarified fermentation liquid to obtain an extract, a trace element solution is added thereto, and a surfactant and a natural antioxidant are added thereto, and the mixture is mixed to obtain a liquid fertilizer; Step 6: Conduct quality inspection on the prepared liquid fertilizer. If it passes the inspection, it will be packaged through an automated filling production line. After completion, it will be stored in a dry and ventilated warehouse away from light.

[0005] As a further solution of the present invention: in the step 1, fresh drug residues are obtained from the avermectin production plant to ensure that the drug residues are not contaminated by other substances, the water content of the avermectin drug residues is controlled between 30% and 40%, and a special closed negative pressure collection device is used for collection, and the inner wall of the collection container is coated with an anti-adhesion coating, so that the avermectin drug residues are collected and can be completely separated from the container.

[0006] As a further solution of the present invention: in the step 2, the collected avermectin slag is transported to a jaw crusher for crushing operation, the feed port size of the jaw crusher is 300mm-500mm, the avermectin slag is crushed into fragments with a particle size of 5cm-10cm by preliminary crushing, and then a hammer mill is used for secondary crushing, the rotor diameter of the hammer mill is 1200mm, and the rotation speed is 900r / min-1200r / min. After the crushing is completed, the avermectin slag particles less than 2cm are screened out, and then the avermectin slag is finely crushed by an ultrafine grinder, and the air flow pressure is set to 1.2MPa-1.5MPa, and the final particle size of the crushed avermectin slag is less than 2mm.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention: in the step 2, the crushed avermectin residues are placed in a rotary sterilization chamber, the internal temperature of the sterilization chamber is set to 120°C-125°C, and the temperature is maintained within this temperature range for 30 minutes, and the steam dryness is controlled to be above 98%. During the sterilization process, an ultrasonic auxiliary device is introduced, the operating frequency is set to 25kHZ-30kHz, and the power of a single ultrasonic transducer is 800W. The ultrasonic auxiliary device is used to break the chemical bonds inside the avermectin residues, and break the microbial cell walls and spore walls inside them, and at the same time, the steam input and ventilation volume in the sterilization chamber are controlled, and the humidity is controlled between 60% and 70%.

[0008] As a further scheme of the present invention: in the step three, the crushed and sterilized avermectin residues are soaked in a mixed solution of microbial fermentation liquid and organic acid, and humic acid is added to mix after the soaking is completed, and the mixture is stirred and mixed at a stirring rate of 20r / min-30r / min, and ultrasonic treatment is performed every 5min of stirring, the ultrasonic frequency is 20kHz-40kHz, the power is 500W-800W, and the ultrasonic treatment time is 2min. After the mixed solution and humic acid are evenly mixed, urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are respectively dissolved in an appropriate amount of water to prepare a solution with a concentration of 30%-40%, and the mixed solution and the mixed solution of humic acid are slowly added dropwise, and the mixture is continuously stirred at a stirring rate of 40r / min-60r / min at a temperature of 30°C-35°C. After the dropwise addition is completed, the stirring is continued for 20min-30min, and the mixture is evenly mixed to obtain a mixed material.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: in the step three, the moisture control adopts a gradient humidification process, and magnetized water accounting for 20%-30% of the total clean water is added to the mixed material, the magnetic field strength of the magnetized water is 0.3T-0.5T, and the magnetized water is evenly sprayed on the surface of the mixed material using an atomizing nozzle, and the mixture is stirred at a stirring rate of 25r / min-30r / min while stirring, and then the remaining clean water is added, and the spraying and vacuum penetration methods are used. While spraying, the environment in which the mixed material is located is vacuumized, and the vacuum degree is controlled between -0.05MPa and -0.08MPa, so that the moisture is quickly penetrated into the interior of the mixed material, and the moisture content is controlled between 50% and 60%.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: in the step 4, at the initial stage of fermentation, intermittent oxygenation is adopted, oxygen-enriched air with an oxygen content of 40%-50% is introduced every 30min-45min, each oxygenation time is 5min-8min, and the ventilation volume is 0.4m3 / min per cubic meter of material. 3 -0.6m 3At the same time, sprinkle a layer of sodium percarbonate powder evenly on the surface of the material. Sodium percarbonate can slowly decompose and produce oxygen under the humidity and temperature conditions in the initial fermentation period. The amount of sodium percarbonate added is 5g-8g per kilogram of mixed material. When the fermentation enters the middle stage, adjust to continuous oxygenation. The gas introduced is a mixed gas composed of oxygen and carbon dioxide in a volume ratio of 3:1. The ventilation volume is adjusted to 0.7m per minute per cubic meter of material. 3 -0.9m 3 , maintain the pressure in the fermentation tank at 0.05MPa-0.08MPa. In the late stage of fermentation, reduce the oxygen supply intensity, introduce a mixed gas composed of air and nitrogen in a volume ratio of 4:1, and reduce the ventilation volume to 0.3m3 / min per cubic meter of material. 3 -0.5m 3 , reducing the oxygen content of the fermentation product to obtain a fermentation liquid.

[0011] As a further scheme of the present invention: in the step 5, natural minerals and organic substances containing trace elements are selected to prepare a trace element solution in a composite manner, boron magnesium ore powder, ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, sodium molybdate and seaweed extract are selected as trace element sources, the boron magnesium ore powder is subjected to high-temperature calcination activation treatment, the calcination temperature is 800°C, the calcination time is 2h, and then the calcined boron magnesium ore powder is mixed with ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate and sodium molybdate in a mass ratio of 5:2:1:1, and an appropriate amount of citric acid solution is added as an activator, the concentration of the citric acid solution is 0.5 mol / L, and the citric acid solution is mixed with the mixed mineral powder in a solid-liquid mass ratio of 1:5, and stirred at 50°C. The reaction was stirred for 3 hours at a stirring speed of 60 r / min. The seaweed was washed, dried, and crushed, and then added into deionized water at a mass ratio of 1:10. Ultrasonic extraction was performed for 40 minutes at an ultrasonic power of 800 W and an extraction temperature of 40°C. The extracted seaweed solution was filtered, added into a trace element chelate solution and mixed evenly at a volume ratio of 1:3 to obtain a trace element solution rich in various trace elements and high in biological activity. The surfactant was prepared by compounding alkyl polysaccharide and sodium lignin sulfonate at a mass ratio of 3:2. The natural antioxidant was natural vitamin E, which was blended with the trace element solution to obtain a liquid fertilizer.

[0012] As a further scheme of the present invention: in the step six, the quality inspection is a multi-index comprehensive inspection, including nutrient component inspection, harmful substance inspection, biological activity inspection and pH value inspection, and the liquid fertilizer that passes the inspection is filled. The filling bag is made of degradable multi-layer composite packaging material, the inner layer is made of polylactic acid film with a thickness of 0.05mm, the middle layer is a plant fiber reinforcement layer, which is made of a mixture of bagasse fiber and bamboo fiber in a mass ratio of 3:2, with a thickness of 0.3mm, and the outer layer is a paper material coated with a waterproof and UV-proof coating with a thickness of 0.1mm. After bagging, it is placed in a warehouse to keep away from light.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention collects avermectin drug residues by using a closed negative pressure collection device, which can effectively avoid the contact of avermectin drug residues with external impurities and the pollution caused by flying dust during the collection process, effectively avoid secondary pollution and resource loss of drug residues during the collection process, and refine the particle size of drug residues to a range suitable for subsequent processes through multi-stage pulverization treatment, increase its specific surface area, facilitate the full implementation of subsequent chemical reactions, and improve the utilization rate of drug residue resources. High-temperature steam sterilization combined with low-frequency ultrasonic assistance can not only efficiently kill miscellaneous bacteria and pathogens, but also preliminarily mature the drug residues, while breaking internal chemical bonds, releasing more potential nutrients, laying the foundation for resource utilization, and converting avermectin drug residues into fertilizers, reducing the waste of resources caused by direct disposal or landfill of drug residues, and reducing direct pollution to the environment. By adding humic acid, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and other substances to the formula, and accurately adjusting the proportion of each component, and cooperating with the fermentation process, the prepared fertilizer contains a large number of nutrients such as rich nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, which meets the comprehensive nutritional needs of crop growth; 2. The present invention imparts certain insecticidal and acaricidal effects to fertilizers through the residual avermectin in the drug residues and its metabolism, reduces the probability of occurrence of crop diseases and insect pests, reduces the use of chemical pesticides, and helps to improve the yield and quality of agricultural products. By adding biological agents during the fermentation process, the microbial environment of the soil can be effectively improved, the decomposition and transformation of soil organic matter are promoted, the soil fertility is further improved, and the multifunctional integration of fertilizers is realized. Through the application of biological fermentation technology, the energy consumption and environmental pollution emissions in the chemical synthesis process are reduced. The ventilation and oxygen supply strategies optimized during the fermentation process, combined with precise temperature and humidity control, can provide a suitable growth environment for microorganisms, accelerate the fermentation reaction process, and improve production efficiency. Through the use of magnetized water in the gradient humidification process and the precise regulation of water content, the material mixing is promoted uniformly, and the fermentation reaction is ensured to proceed smoothly. In the quality inspection link, the multi-index comprehensive detection system ensures that the product quality meets the standards and avoids the flow of unqualified products into the market. The selection of degradable multi-layer composite packaging materials and advanced packaging and storage methods reduce the impact of packaging waste on the environment, while ensuring the stability of fertilizers during storage and transportation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a specific process for preparing avermectin residue fertilizer in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is used to help understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0016] The invention discloses a method for preparing an avermectin drug residue fertilizer, comprising pre-treating the avermectin drug residue, preparing fermentation, blending nutrients and testing the quality of the finished fertilizer. The specific operation steps for preparing the avermectin drug residue fertilizer are as follows: Step 1, collecting fresh avermectin residues in an avermectin production plant, controlling the water content thereof, and storing them in a sealed container for standby use; Step 2, the collected avermectin drug residues are crushed three times, using a jaw crusher, a hammer mill and an ultrafine grinder to perform the crushing operation in sequence, and after the crushing is completed, high-temperature steam is used for sterilization, and a low-frequency ultrasonic auxiliary device is introduced for sterilization; Step 3: adding humic acid, urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate to the crushed and sterilized drug residues, mixing them evenly, controlling the moisture content of the mixture, and adding a fermentation promoter and a biological bacterial agent to mix, so as to obtain a mixed material; Step 4: placing the mixed material in a large fermentation tank, controlling the ventilation volume in the early, middle and late fermentation stages, while maintaining the oxygen content in the fermentation tank, performing ventilation fermentation operations, and obtaining a fermentation liquid; Step 5: After the fermentation is completed, the fermentation liquid is separated into solid and liquid using a filter press and a high-speed centrifuge to obtain a clarified fermentation liquid, water is added to the clarified fermentation liquid to obtain an extract, a trace element solution is added thereto, and a surfactant and a natural antioxidant are added thereto, and the liquid fertilizer is obtained after mixing and blending; Step 6: Conduct quality inspection on the prepared liquid fertilizer. If it passes the inspection, it will be packaged through an automated filling production line. After completion, it will be stored in a dry and ventilated warehouse away from light.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention: in step 1, fresh drug residues are obtained from an avermectin production plant to ensure that the drug residues are not contaminated by other substances, the water content of the avermectin drug residues is controlled between 30% and 40%, and a special closed negative pressure collection device is used for collection, and the inner wall of the collection container is coated with an anti-adhesion coating, so that the avermectin drug residues are collected and can be completely separated from the container.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention: in step 2, the collected avermectin slag is transported to a jaw crusher for crushing operation, the feed port size of the jaw crusher is 300mm-500mm, the avermectin slag is crushed into fragments with a particle size of 5cm-10cm by preliminary crushing, and then a hammer mill is used for secondary crushing, the rotor diameter of the hammer mill is 1200mm, and the rotation speed is 900r / min-1200r / min. After the crushing is completed, the avermectin slag particles less than 2cm are screened out, and then the avermectin slag is finely crushed by an ultrafine grinder, and the air flow pressure is set to 1.2MPa-1.5MPa, and the final particle size of the crushed avermectin slag is less than 2mm.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present invention: in step 2, the crushed avermectin residues are placed in a rotary sterilization chamber, the internal temperature of the sterilization chamber is set to 120°C-125°C, and the temperature is maintained within this temperature range for 30 minutes, and the steam dryness is controlled to be above 98%. During the sterilization process, an ultrasonic auxiliary device is introduced, the operating frequency is set to 25kHZ-30kHz, and the power of a single ultrasonic transducer is 800W. The ultrasonic auxiliary device is used to break the chemical bonds inside the avermectin residues, and break the microbial cell walls and spore walls inside them, while controlling the steam input and ventilation volume in the sterilization chamber, and controlling the humidity between 60% and 70%.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present invention: in step three, the crushed and sterilized avermectin residues are soaked in a mixed solution of microbial fermentation liquid and organic acid, and humic acid is added after the soaking is completed to mix, and the mixture is stirred and mixed at a stirring rate of 20r / min-30r / min, and ultrasonic treatment is performed every 5min of stirring, the ultrasonic frequency is 20kHz-40kHz, the power is 500W-800W, and the ultrasonic treatment time is 2min. After the mixed solution and humic acid are evenly mixed, urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are respectively dissolved in an appropriate amount of water to prepare a solution with a concentration of 30%-40%, and the mixed solution and the mixed solution of humic acid are slowly added dropwise, and the mixture is continuously stirred at a stirring rate of 40r / min-60r / min at a temperature of 30°C-35°C. After the dropwise addition is completed, the stirring is continued for 20min-30min, and the mixture is evenly mixed to obtain a mixed material.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present invention: in step three, the moisture content is regulated by a gradient humidification process, and magnetized water accounting for 20%-30% of the total net water volume is added to the mixed material, the magnetic field strength of the magnetized water is 0.3T-0.5T, and the magnetized water is evenly sprayed on the surface of the mixed material using an atomizing nozzle, and stirred at a stirring rate of 25r / min-30r / min while stirring, and then the remaining clean water is added, and the spraying and vacuum penetration methods are used. While spraying, the environment in which the mixed material is located is vacuumized, and the vacuum degree is controlled between -0.05MPa--0.08MPa, and the water is quickly penetrated into the interior of the mixed material, and the moisture content is controlled between 50%-60%.

[0022] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step 4, at the initial stage of fermentation, intermittent oxygenation is adopted, oxygen-enriched air with an oxygen content of 40%-50% is introduced every 30min-45min, each oxygenation time is 5min-8min, and the ventilation rate is 0.4m3 / min per cubic meter of material. 3 -0.6m 3 At the same time, sprinkle a layer of sodium percarbonate powder evenly on the surface of the material. Sodium percarbonate can slowly decompose and produce oxygen under the humidity and temperature conditions in the initial fermentation period. The amount of sodium percarbonate added is 5g-8g per kilogram of mixed material. When the fermentation enters the middle stage, adjust to continuous oxygenation. The gas introduced is a mixed gas composed of oxygen and carbon dioxide in a volume ratio of 3:1. The ventilation volume is adjusted to 0.7m per minute per cubic meter of material. 3 -0.9m 3 , maintain the pressure in the fermentation tank at 0.05MPa-0.08MPa. In the late stage of fermentation, reduce the oxygen supply intensity, introduce a mixed gas composed of air and nitrogen in a volume ratio of 4:1, and reduce the ventilation volume to 0.3m3 / min per cubic meter of material. 3-0.5m 3 , reducing the oxygen content of the fermentation product to obtain a fermentation liquid.

[0023] In one embodiment of the present invention: in step five, natural minerals and organic substances containing trace elements are selected to prepare a trace element solution in a composite manner, boron magnesium ore powder, ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, sodium molybdate and seaweed extract are selected as trace element sources, the boron magnesium ore powder is subjected to high-temperature calcination activation treatment, the calcination temperature is 800°C, the calcination time is 2h, and then the calcined boron magnesium ore powder is mixed with ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate and sodium molybdate in a mass ratio of 5:2:1:1, and an appropriate amount of citric acid solution is added as an activator, the concentration of the citric acid solution is 0.5 mol / L, and the citric acid solution is mixed with the mixed mineral powder in a solid-liquid mass ratio of 1:5, and stirred at 50°C. The reaction was stirred for 3 hours at a stirring speed of 60 r / min. The seaweed was washed, dried, and crushed, and then added into deionized water at a mass ratio of 1:10. Ultrasonic extraction was performed for 40 minutes at an ultrasonic power of 800 W and an extraction temperature of 40°C. The extracted seaweed solution was filtered, added into a trace element chelate solution and mixed evenly at a volume ratio of 1:3 to obtain a trace element solution rich in various trace elements and high in biological activity. The surfactant was prepared by compounding alkyl polysaccharide and sodium lignin sulfonate at a mass ratio of 3:2. The natural antioxidant was natural vitamin E, which was blended with the trace element solution to obtain a liquid fertilizer.

[0024] In one embodiment of the present invention: in step six, the quality inspection is a multi-index comprehensive inspection, including nutrient component inspection, harmful substance inspection, biological activity inspection and pH value inspection, and the liquid fertilizer that passes the inspection is filled. The filling bag is made of a degradable multi-layer composite packaging material, the inner layer is a polylactic acid film with a thickness of 0.05mm, the middle layer is a plant fiber reinforcement layer, which is made of a mixture of bagasse fiber and bamboo fiber in a mass ratio of 3:2, with a thickness of 0.3mm, and the outer layer is a paper material coated with a waterproof and UV-proof coating with a thickness of 0.1mm. After bagging, it is placed in a warehouse to avoid light.

[0025] In one embodiment of the present invention: after the moisture content in the mixed material is regulated, guar gum can be added to the mixed material, and the guar gum is configured into a solution with a mass fraction of 3%-5%, and is evenly sprayed on the surface of the mixed material by high-pressure spraying. The added amount is 0.5%-1.0% of the total mass of the mixed material. The guar gum solution forms a protective film on the surface of the material to prevent water loss and raw material separation, while enhancing the viscosity and agglomeration of the material, which is beneficial to the subsequent fermentation process. After stirring evenly, the mixed material is allowed to stand for 1h-2h to fully stabilize it.

[0026] In one embodiment of the present invention: before the mixed material is placed in a large fermentation tank, a mixture consisting of a plant fiber extract and a porous mineral powder is added thereto as a fermentation matrix modifier, the plant fiber extract is selected from bamboo fiber polysaccharide extracted from bamboo, which is obtained after enzymatic hydrolysis and purification treatment and has good adsorption and water retention. The porous mineral powder is selected from vermiculite powder, and the bamboo fiber polysaccharide and the vermiculite powder are evenly mixed in a mass ratio of 2:3, and the addition amount is 5%-8% of the total mass of the mixed material. After adding the modifier, pretreatment is carried out by alternating stirring and standing. First, a mechanical stirring device is used to fully stir the mixed material and the modifier, the stirring speed is 15r / min-20r / min, and the stirring time is 10min-15min, and then the material is left to stand for 30min-45min, so that the modifier can fully absorb the moisture and nutrients in the material and form a stable structure, and the stirring and standing operations are repeated 2-3 times to ensure that the fermentation matrix is ​​uniform and the performance is stable.

[0027] In one embodiment of the present invention: during the fermentation process, a natural acid-base buffer system is used to maintain the pH stability of the fermentation environment. The buffer system is composed of shell powder, peat soil extract and citric acid buffer. The main component of shell powder is calcium carbonate, which can slowly release hydroxide ions in an acidic environment to neutralize acidic substances. Peat soil contains rich humic acid and other acidic substances and a variety of metal ions, which can bind hydroxide ions in an alkaline environment to reduce the pH of the environment. Citric acid plays a rapid buffering role in the acid-base change process. Shell powder, peat soil extract and citric acid buffer are added. Citric acid buffer is mixed in a mass ratio of 4:3:2 to form an acid-base buffer, and the added amount is 20g-30g per kilogram of mixed material. In the early stage of fermentation, when the pH value of the fermentation liquid is higher than 7.5, shell powder begins to play a role and gradually lowers the pH value. When the pH value is lower than 6.5, peat soil extract and citric acid buffer work synergistically to increase the pH value. The pH value of the fermentation liquid is regularly tested (once every 2h-3h) and the amount of acid-base buffer added is supplemented or adjusted according to the changes in pH value to ensure that the pH value is maintained within the range of 6.8-7.2 during the entire fermentation process.

[0028] In one embodiment of the present invention: a surfactant, alkyl polyglycoside (APG) and sodium lignin sulfonate are compounded in a mass ratio of 3:2 as a surfactant, and the compounded surfactant is prepared into an aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 12%-15%, and 8-10 mL of surfactant solution is added per liter of extract, and the solution is slowly added to the extract by dropwise addition at a stirring speed of 30r / min-40r / min. After the dropwise addition is completed, stirring is continued for 20min-30min to allow the surfactant to fully play its role in reducing surface tension and improving the dispersibility and stability of the fertilizer.

[0029] Embodiment 1 Fresh drug residues were obtained from the avermectin production plant and collected using a closed negative pressure collection device to ensure that the drug residues were not contaminated and the moisture content of the drug residues was controlled at 30%. The inner wall of the collection container was coated with an anti-adhesion coating. The drug residues were transported to a jaw crusher with a feed port size of 300 mm and initially crushed into pieces with a particle size of 5 cm. Then, a hammer mill was used for secondary crushing with a rotor diameter of 1200 mm and a rotation speed of 900 r / min to screen out drug residue particles smaller than 2 cm. Then, an ultrafine grinder was used to finely crush the drug residues to a particle size of less than 2 mm under an air flow pressure of 1.2 MPa. Then, the drug residues were placed in a rotary sterilization chamber and sterilized at a temperature of 120°C for 30 minutes. During this period, the steam dryness reached more than 98%. The ultrasonic auxiliary device operated at a frequency of 25 kHz and a power of 800 W, and the humidity was controlled at 60%. The crushed and sterilized medicinal residues were soaked in a mixed solution of microbial fermentation liquid and organic acid, and humic acid was added after soaking. The mixture was stirred at a stirring rate of 20 r / min. The mixture was treated with an ultrasonic frequency of 20 kHz and a power of 500 W for 2 min every 5 min of stirring. After uniform mixing, urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate were respectively prepared into a solution with a concentration of 30% and added dropwise. The mixture was continuously stirred at a stirring rate of 40 r / min at 30 ° C. After the addition was completed, the mixture was stirred for another 20 min. A gradient humidification process was adopted. Magnetized water accounting for 20% of the total net water volume and a magnetic field intensity of 0.3 T was first added. The mixture was sprayed with an atomizing nozzle and stirred at a stirring rate of 25 r / min. The remaining water was then added by spraying and vacuum penetration. The vacuum degree was -0.05 MPa. The moisture content was controlled at 50%. Guar gum was then added to prepare a solution with a mass fraction of 3%. The solution was added by high-pressure spray at 0.5% of the total mass of the mixed material. The mixture was stirred evenly and then allowed to stand for 1 h. In the early stage of fermentation, oxygen-enriched air with an oxygen content of 40% was introduced every 30 minutes, and each oxygenation was 5 minutes. The ventilation volume was 0.4m³ per minute per cubic meter of material. Sodium percarbonate powder was sprinkled on the surface of the material, and the addition amount was 5g per kilogram of mixed material. In the middle stage of fermentation, a mixed gas with a volume ratio of oxygen to carbon dioxide of 3:1 was passed, and the ventilation volume was adjusted to 0.7m³ per minute per cubic meter of material, and the pressure in the fermentation tank was maintained at 0.05MPa. In the late stage of fermentation, a mixed gas with a volume ratio of air to nitrogen of 4:1 was passed, and the ventilation volume was reduced to 0.5m³ per minute per cubic meter of material. The material is 0.3m³ per minute. Before putting it into the fermentation tank, add a fermentation matrix modifier composed of plant fiber extract and porous mineral powder, the addition amount is 5% of the total mass of the mixed material, first stir at a speed of 15r / min for 10min, then let it stand for 30min, repeat the operation twice, and use an acid-base buffer composed of shell powder, peat soil extract and citric acid buffer in a mass ratio of 4:3:2 to maintain the pH during the fermentation process. Add 20g for every kilogram of mixed material, and test the pH value every 2h to ensure that the pH value is maintained at 6.8-7.2; Boron magnesium ore powder, ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, sodium molybdate and seaweed extract were used to prepare trace element solution. Boron magnesium ore powder was calcined at 800℃ for 2h, mixed with ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate and sodium molybdate in a mass ratio of 5:2:1:1, and citric acid solution (concentration 0.5mol / L, solid-liquid mass ratio 1:5) was added to react at 50℃ and stirring speed 60r / min for 3h. Deionized water was added to seaweed in a mass ratio of 1:10, extracted at an ultrasonic power of 800W and temperature of 40℃ for 40min, filtered and mixed with trace elements. The element chelate solution is mixed in a volume ratio of 1:3, the surfactant is selected from alkyl polysaccharide and sodium lignin sulfonate in a mass ratio of 3:2, and a water solution with a mass concentration of 12% is prepared. 8 mL is added per liter of extract, and it is added dropwise at a stirring speed of 30 r / min and stirred for 20 minutes. The natural antioxidant is natural vitamin E. After the fermentation is completed, the fermentation liquid is obtained by a filter press and a high-speed centrifuge, water is added to prepare the extract, and the trace element solution, surfactant and antioxidant are added to mix and prepare liquid fertilizer.

[0030] Embodiment 2 The moisture content of the drug residue was controlled at 32%. The size of the feed port of the jaw crusher was 320 mm. The drug residue was initially crushed into pieces with a particle size of 6 cm. The rotor diameter of the hammer mill was 1200 mm, and the speed was adjusted to 950 r / min. After crushing, the drug residue particles smaller than 2 cm were screened out, and then finely crushed with an ultrafine grinder under an air flow pressure of 1.25 MPa to make the final particle size of the drug residue less than 2 mm. It was then placed in a rotary sterilization chamber, and the internal temperature of the sterilization chamber was set to 121 ° C. Sterilization was continued at this temperature for 30 minutes, and the steam dryness was controlled to be above 98%. During the sterilization process, the operating frequency of the ultrasonic auxiliary device was set to 26 kHz, the power of the single ultrasonic transducer was 800 W, and the humidity of the sterilization chamber was controlled at 62%; The crushed and sterilized medicinal residues were soaked in a mixed solution of microbial fermentation liquid and organic acid. Humic acid was added after soaking, and the mixture was stirred at a stirring rate of 22r / min. Ultrasonic treatment was performed every 5 minutes. The ultrasonic frequency was 22kHz, the power was 550W, and the ultrasonic treatment time was 2min. After the mixed solution and humic acid were evenly mixed, urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate were dissolved in appropriate amounts of water, respectively, to prepare a solution with a concentration of 32%, and the solution was slowly added to the mixed solution and the mixed solution of humic acid by dropwise addition. The mixture was continuously stirred at a stirring rate of 42r / min at a temperature of 31°C. After the dropwise addition was completed, the stirring was continued for 22min. A gradient humidification process was adopted. First, Add magnetized water accounting for 22% of the total net water volume to the mixture, the magnetic field strength of the magnetized water is 0.32T, use an atomizing nozzle to evenly spray the magnetized water on the surface of the mixture, stir at a stirring rate of 26r / min, add the remaining clean water, use spraying and vacuum penetration phases, vacuumize the environment of the mixture while spraying, and control the vacuum degree between -0.055MPa to quickly penetrate the water into the mixture, control the moisture content at 52%, then add a guar gum solution with a mass fraction of 3.2%, and spray it evenly on the surface of the mixture at 0.6% of the total mass of the mixture by high-pressure spraying, stir evenly and let it stand for 1.2h; In the early stage of fermentation, intermittent oxygenation is adopted, and oxygen-enriched air with an oxygen content of 42% is introduced every 32 minutes. The oxygenation time for each time is 5.5 minutes, and the ventilation volume is 0.42m³ per minute per cubic meter of material. At the same time, a layer of sodium percarbonate powder is evenly sprinkled on the surface of the material. Sodium percarbonate can slowly decompose and produce oxygen under the humidity and temperature conditions in the early stage of fermentation. The amount of sodium percarbonate added is 5.5g per kilogram of mixed material. When the fermentation enters the middle stage, it is adjusted to continuous oxygenation. The gas introduced is a mixed gas composed of oxygen and carbon dioxide in a volume ratio of 3:1. The ventilation volume is adjusted to 0.72m³ per minute per cubic meter of material, and the pressure in the fermentation tank is maintained at 0.055MPa. In the late stage of fermentation, the oxygen supply intensity is reduced, and a mixed gas composed of air and nitrogen in a volume ratio of 4:1 is introduced. The ventilation volume is reduced to 0.32m³ per minute per cubic meter of material. Before the mixed material is placed in a large fermentation tank, a fermentation matrix modifier is added thereto, and the addition amount is the total amount of the mixed material. The mixture is 5.5% of the mass, and the pretreatment is carried out by alternating stirring and standing. First, the mechanical stirring equipment is used to stir the mixture and the improver evenly. The stirring speed is 16r / min and the stirring time is 10min. Then the material is left to stand for 32min to allow the improver to fully absorb the moisture and nutrients in the material and form a stable structure. The stirring and standing operation are repeated twice. During the fermentation process, the natural acid-base buffer system is used to maintain the pH stability of the fermentation environment. The addition amount is 21g per kilogram of mixed material. In the early stage of fermentation, when the pH value of the fermentation liquid is higher than 7.2, the shell powder begins to play a role and gradually lowers the pH value. When the pH value is lower than 6.8, the peat soil extract and the citric acid buffer work synergistically to increase the pH value. The pH value of the fermentation liquid is regularly tested (once every 2.2h), and the amount of acid-base buffer added is supplemented or adjusted in time according to the change of pH value to ensure that the pH value is maintained in the range of 6.8-7.2 during the entire fermentation process. Boron magnesium ore powder, ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, sodium molybdate and seaweed extract are selected as trace element sources, the boron magnesium ore powder is subjected to high-temperature calcination activation treatment, the calcination temperature is 800°C, the calcination time is 2h, and then the calcined boron magnesium ore powder is mixed with ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate and sodium molybdate in a mass ratio of 5:2:1:1, and an appropriate amount of citric acid solution is added as an activator, the concentration of the citric acid solution is 0.5mol / L, and the citric acid solution is mixed with the mixed mineral powder in a solid-liquid mass ratio of 1:5, and stirred at 50°C for 3h, the stirring speed is 60r / min, the seaweed is washed, dried and crushed, and then added to deionized water in a mass ratio of 1:10, ultrasonic extraction is performed for 40min under the condition of ultrasonic power of 800W, and the extraction temperature is 40°C. After filtering the extracted seaweed solution, it is added to the trace element chelate solution and mixed evenly in a volume ratio of 1:3 to obtain a multi-trace element-rich product. The surfactant is a material prepared by compounding alkyl polysaccharide and sodium lignin sulfonate in a mass ratio of 3:2. The compounded surfactant is prepared into an aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 12.5%. 8.2 mL of the surfactant solution is added per liter of the extract, and it is slowly added to the extract by dropwise addition at a stirring speed of 31 r / min. After the dropwise addition is completed, stirring is continued for 21 minutes to allow the surfactant to fully play its role in reducing surface tension and improving the dispersibility and stability of the fertilizer. The natural antioxidant is natural vitamin E, which is blended with the trace element solution to obtain a liquid fertilizer. After the fermentation is completed, a filter press and a high-speed centrifuge are used to separate the fermentation liquid into solid and liquid to obtain a clarified fermentation liquid, which is added with water to obtain an extract, to which the trace element solution, the surfactant and the natural antioxidant are added, and the liquid fertilizer is obtained after mixing and deployment.

[0031] Embodiment 3 The moisture content of the drug residue was set at 34%. The jaw crusher with a feed port size of 340 mm was used to initially crush the drug residue into pieces with a particle size of 7 cm. Then, a hammer mill was used for secondary crushing. The rotor diameter of the hammer mill was 1200 mm and the rotation speed was 1000 r / min. After that, the drug residue particles smaller than 2 cm were screened out and then finely crushed to a particle size of less than 2 mm using an ultrafine grinder under an air flow pressure of 1.3 MPa. Then, the drug residue was placed in a rotary sterilization chamber, and the internal temperature of the sterilization chamber was set at 122 ° C. The sterilization was continued for 30 minutes. The steam dryness was controlled to be above 98%, the operating frequency of the ultrasonic auxiliary device was 27 kHz, the power of the single ultrasonic transducer was 800 W, and the humidity was controlled to be 64%. The crushed and sterilized medicinal residues were soaked in a mixed solution of microbial fermentation liquid and organic acid, humic acid was added after soaking, and the mixture was stirred at a stirring rate of 24r / min. The mixture was treated with an ultrasonic frequency of 24kHz and a power of 600W for 2min every 5min of stirring. After uniform mixing, urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate were respectively prepared into a solution with a concentration of 34% and added dropwise, and the mixture was continuously stirred at a stirring rate of 44r / min at 32°C. After the addition was completed, the mixture was stirred for another 24min. A gradient humidification process was adopted, and magnetized water accounting for 24% of the total net water volume was first added, and the magnetic field strength of the magnetized water was 0.34T. The mixture was sprayed with an atomizing nozzle and stirred at a stirring rate of 27r / min. The remaining water was then added by spraying and vacuum penetration, and the vacuum degree was -0.06MPa. The moisture content was controlled at 54%, and then guar gum was added to prepare a solution with a mass fraction of 3.4%, and 0.7% of the total mass of the mixed material was added by high-pressure spraying. After uniform stirring, the mixture was allowed to stand for 1.4h. At the beginning of fermentation, oxygen-enriched air with an oxygen content of 44% was introduced every 34 minutes, and each oxygenation lasted for 6 minutes. The ventilation volume was 0.44m³ per minute per cubic meter of material. Sodium percarbonate powder was sprinkled on the surface of the material, and the addition amount was 6g per kilogram of mixed material. When the fermentation entered the middle stage, it was adjusted to continuous oxygenation. The gas introduced was a mixed gas composed of oxygen and carbon dioxide in a volume ratio of 3:1. The ventilation volume was adjusted to 0.74m³ per minute per cubic meter of material, and the pressure in the fermenter was maintained at 0.06MPa. In the late stage of fermentation, the oxygen supply intensity was reduced, and air and nitrogen were introduced according to According to the mixed gas composed of 4:1 volume ratio, the ventilation volume is reduced to 0.34m³ per minute per cubic meter of material. Before putting it into the fermentation tank, add the fermentation matrix modifier, the addition amount is 6% of the total mass of the mixed material, first stir at a speed of 17r / min for 12min, then let it stand for 34min, repeat the operation twice, and use the acid-base buffer to maintain the pH value during the fermentation process. It is composed of shell powder, peat soil extract and citric acid buffer in a mass ratio of 4:3:2. 22g is added for every kilogram of mixed material. The pH value is tested every 2.4h to ensure that the pH value is maintained at 6.8-7.2; In the preparation of trace element solution, boron magnesium ore powder was calcined at 800℃ for 2h, mixed with ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate and sodium molybdate in a mass ratio of 5:2:1:1, and citric acid solution (concentration 0.5mol / L, solid-liquid mass ratio 1:5) was added to react at 50℃ and stirring speed 60r / min for 3h. Deionized water was added to seaweed in a mass ratio of 1:10, extracted at ultrasonic power 800W and temperature 40℃ for 40min, filtered and mixed with trace element chelate solution in a volume ratio of 1:3. The surfactant was selected from alkyl polysaccharide and sodium lignin sulfonate in a mass ratio of 3:2 to prepare an aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 13%. 8.4mL was added per liter of extract, and it was dropped and stirred at a stirring speed of 32r / min for 22min. Natural vitamin E was selected as the natural antioxidant. After fermentation, the fermentation liquid was obtained by filter press and high-speed centrifuge, water was added to prepare the extract, and the trace element solution, surfactant and antioxidant were added to mix and prepare liquid fertilizer.

[0032] Embodiment 4: The moisture content of the drug residue is 36%. The size of the feed port of the jaw crusher is 360mm. The drug residue is initially crushed into pieces with a particle size of 8cm. The rotor diameter of the hammer mill is 1200mm and the rotation speed is 1050r / min. After crushing, the drug residue particles smaller than 2cm are screened out, and then finely crushed by an ultrafine grinder under an air flow pressure of 1.35MPa to make the final particle size of the drug residue less than 2mm. Then, it is placed in a rotary sterilization chamber, and the internal temperature of the sterilization chamber is set to 123℃. Sterilization is continued at this temperature for 30min, and the steam dryness is controlled to be above 98%. During the sterilization process, the operating frequency of the ultrasonic auxiliary device is set to 28kHz, the power of the single ultrasonic transducer is 800W, and the humidity of the sterilization chamber is controlled at 66%; The crushed and sterilized medicinal residues were soaked in a mixed solution of microbial fermentation liquid and organic acid. Humic acid was added after soaking, and the mixture was stirred at a stirring rate of 26 r / min. Ultrasonic treatment was performed every 5 minutes. The ultrasonic frequency was 26 kHz, the power was 650 W, and the ultrasonic treatment time was 2 minutes. After the mixed solution and humic acid were evenly mixed, urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate were dissolved in appropriate amounts of water, respectively, to prepare a solution with a concentration of 36%, and the solution was slowly added to the mixed solution and humic acid by dropwise addition. The mixture was continuously stirred at a stirring rate of 46 r / min at a temperature of 33°C. After the dropwise addition was completed, the stirring was continued for 26 minutes. A gradient humidification process was adopted. First, Add magnetized water accounting for 26% of the total net water volume to the mixture, the magnetic field strength of the magnetized water is 0.36T, use an atomizing nozzle to evenly spray the magnetized water on the surface of the mixture, stir at a stirring rate of 28r / min, add the remaining clean water, use spraying and vacuum penetration phases, vacuumize the environment of the mixture while spraying, and control the vacuum degree between -0.065MPa to quickly penetrate the water into the mixture, control the moisture content at 56%, then add a guar gum solution with a mass fraction of 3.6%, and spray it evenly on the surface of the mixture at 0.8% of the total mass of the mixture by high-pressure spraying, stir evenly and let it stand for 1.6h; In the early stage of fermentation, intermittent oxygenation is adopted, and oxygen-enriched air with an oxygen content of 46% is introduced every 36 minutes. The oxygenation time for each time is 6.5 minutes, and the ventilation volume is 0.46m³ per minute per cubic meter of material. At the same time, a layer of sodium percarbonate powder is evenly sprinkled on the surface of the material. Sodium percarbonate can slowly decompose and produce oxygen under the humidity and temperature conditions in the early stage of fermentation. The addition amount of sodium percarbonate is 6.5g per kilogram of mixed material. When the fermentation enters the middle stage, it is adjusted to continuous oxygenation. The gas introduced is a mixed gas composed of oxygen and carbon dioxide in a volume ratio of 3:1. The ventilation volume is adjusted to 0.76m³ per minute per cubic meter of material, and the pressure in the fermentation tank is maintained at 0.065MPa. In the late stage of fermentation, the oxygen supply intensity is reduced, and a mixed gas composed of air and nitrogen in a volume ratio of 4:1 is introduced. The ventilation volume is reduced to 0.36m³ per minute per cubic meter of material. Before the mixed material is placed in a large fermentation tank, a fermentation matrix modifier is added thereto, and the addition amount is the total amount of the mixed material. The mixture is 6.5% of the mass, and the pretreatment is carried out by alternating stirring and standing. First, the mechanical stirring equipment is used to stir the mixture and the improver evenly. The stirring speed is 18r / min and the stirring time is 13min. Then the material is left to stand for 36min to allow the improver to fully absorb the moisture and nutrients in the material and form a stable structure. The stirring and standing operation are repeated twice. During the fermentation process, the natural acid-base buffer system is used to maintain the pH stability of the fermentation environment. The addition amount is 23g per kilogram of mixed material. In the early stage of fermentation, when the pH value of the fermentation liquid is higher than 7.2, the shell powder begins to play a role and gradually lowers the pH value. When the pH value is lower than 6.8, the peat soil extract and the citric acid buffer work synergistically to increase the pH value. The pH value of the fermentation liquid is regularly tested (once every 2.6h), and the amount of acid-base buffer added is supplemented or adjusted in time according to the change of pH value to ensure that the pH value is maintained in the range of 6.8-7.2 during the entire fermentation process. Boron magnesium ore powder, ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, sodium molybdate and seaweed extract are selected as trace element sources, the boron magnesium ore powder is subjected to high-temperature calcination activation treatment, the calcination temperature is 800°C, the calcination time is 2h, and then the calcined boron magnesium ore powder is mixed with ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate and sodium molybdate in a mass ratio of 5:2:1:1, and an appropriate amount of citric acid solution is added as an activator, the concentration of the citric acid solution is 0.5mol / L, and the citric acid solution is mixed with the mixed mineral powder in a solid-liquid mass ratio of 1:5, and stirred at 50°C for 3h, the stirring speed is 60r / min, the seaweed is washed, dried and crushed, and then added to deionized water in a mass ratio of 1:10, ultrasonic extraction is performed for 40min under the condition of ultrasonic power of 800W, and the extraction temperature is 40°C. After filtering the extracted seaweed solution, it is added to the trace element chelate solution and mixed evenly in a volume ratio of 1:3 to obtain a multi-trace element-rich product. The surfactant is a material prepared by compounding alkyl polysaccharide and sodium lignin sulfonate in a mass ratio of 3:2. The compounded surfactant is prepared into an aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 13.5%. 8.6 mL of the surfactant solution is added per liter of the extract. The solution is slowly added to the extract by dropping at a stirring speed of 33 r / min. After the dropwise addition is completed, the stirring is continued for 23 minutes to allow the surfactant to fully play its role in reducing surface tension and improving the dispersibility and stability of the fertilizer. The natural antioxidant is natural vitamin E, which is blended with the trace element solution to obtain a liquid fertilizer. After the fermentation is completed, a filter press and a high-speed centrifuge are used to separate the fermentation liquid into solid and liquid to obtain a clarified fermentation liquid, which is added with water to obtain an extract, to which the trace element solution, the surfactant and the natural antioxidant are added, and the liquid fertilizer is obtained after mixing and deployment.

[0033] The liquid fertilizers prepared in the above four groups of embodiments were tested, and the specific testing steps are as follows: Nutritional testing, Detection of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content: The spectrophotometric method in chemical analysis is used. The liquid fertilizer sample is first digested to convert it into a detectable ion state. For nitrogen, the principle of Kjeldahl nitrogen determination is used to first convert the organic nitrogen in the sample into ammonium nitrogen, and then react with a specific reagent to generate a colored compound. The absorbance is measured at a specific wavelength, and the nitrogen content is calculated according to the standard curve. The detection of phosphorus is carried out by ammonium molybdate spectrophotometry. Under acidic conditions, phosphate ions react with ammonium molybdate to generate phosphomolybdic acid heteropolyacid, and then reduced to blue molybdenum blue with a reducing agent. The absorbance is measured at a wavelength of 700nm to determine the phosphorus content. The potassium element uses flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The sample is atomized and sprayed into the flame, so that the potassium atoms absorb light of a specific wavelength, and the potassium content is calculated by measuring the absorbance. Detection of trace element content: For boron from boron-magnesium ore powder and trace elements such as iron, copper, and molybdenum from ferrous sulfate and other sources, the inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) is used. The liquid fertilizer sample solution is introduced into the inductively coupled plasma, and the characteristic spectral wavelength and intensity emitted by different elements are compared with the spectrum of the standard solution to calculate the content of each trace element.

[0034] Hazardous substances detection, Heavy metal detection: Atomic absorption spectrometry is used to detect heavy metals such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg). After the sample is digested, it enters the atomic absorption spectrophotometer, where a hollow cathode lamp emits light of a specific wavelength. After being absorbed by the atoms of the element to be tested, the absorbance is measured and the heavy metal content is calculated based on the standard curve. Pesticide residue detection: Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, the fertilizer sample is extracted with an organic solvent, injected into the gas chromatography-mass spectrometer after purification, and the pesticide residue is qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by comparing the characteristic ion fragments and retention times in the mass spectrometry database.

[0035] Biological activity detection, Seed germination test: wheat seeds were selected, 20 seeds were placed in each culture dish, and the seeds were soaked in fertilizer solutions of different embodiments at a dilution multiple of 100 for 12 hours, and then the seeds were placed in a culture dish covered with moist filter paper and cultured in a constant temperature incubator with a temperature set to 25°C, a light duration of 16h / d, and a light intensity of 5000lx. After 7 days of culture, the germination rate, root length, and shoot length of the seeds were recorded; Microbial respiration method: The fertilizer sample is mixed with activated sludge and placed in a sealed container. An oxygen sensor and a carbon dioxide sensor are connected to the container. The effect of the fertilizer on the microbial activity is evaluated by monitoring the oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production within 4 hours.

[0036] pH value detection, Use a precision pH meter for testing. After fully stirring the liquid fertilizer sample, take an appropriate amount of the sample and place it in a clean beaker. Insert the calibrated pH meter electrode into the sample solution and record the pH value after the reading stabilizes.

[0037] The test data of the finished fertilizer products in the four groups of embodiments are calculated as follows: Embodiment 1

[0038] Nutrient content: Nitrogen: 1200mg / L, Phosphorus: 800mg / L, Potassium: 1000mg / L, Boron: 30mg / L, Iron: 50mg / L, Copper: 10mg / L and Molybdenum: 5mg / L; Hazardous substances: lead: 0.1mg / kg, cadmium: 0.01mg / kg and mercury: 0.001mg / kg, no pesticide residues were detected; Biological activity: germination rate: 90%, root length: 7 cm and shoot length: 9 cm, microbial respiration intensity: 10 mg O2 / g·h; pH: 7.0.

[0039] Embodiment 2 Nutrient composition: Nitrogen: 1150mg / L, Phosphorus: 780mg / L, Potassium: 980mg / L, Boron: 28g / L, Iron: 48mg / L, Copper: 9mg / L and Molybdenum: 4.5mg / L; Hazardous substances: lead: 0.08mg / kg, cadmium: 0.008mg / kg and mercury: 0.0008mg / kg, no pesticide residues were detected; Biological activity: germination rate: 88%, root length: 6.8 cm and shoot length: 8.5 cm, microbial respiration intensity: 10 mg O2 / g·h; pH: 6.9.

[0040] Embodiment 3 Nutrient composition: Nitrogen: 1250mg / L, Phosphorus: 820mg / L, Potassium: 1020mg / L, Boron: 32mg / L, Iron: 52mg / L, Copper: 11mg / L and Molybdenum: 5.5mg / L; Hazardous substances: lead: 0.12mg / kg, cadmium: 0.012mg / kg and mercury: 0.0012mg / kg, no pesticide residues were detected; Biological activity: germination rate: 92%, root length: 7.2 cm and shoot length: 9.2 cm, microbial respiration intensity: 10.5 mgO2 / g·h; pH: 7.1.

[0041] Embodiment 4: Nutrient content: Nitrogen: 1300mg / L, Phosphorus: 850mg / L, Potassium: 1050mg / L, Boron: 35mg / L, Iron: 55mg / L, Copper: 12mg / L and Molybdenum: 6mg / L; Hazardous substances: lead: 0.15mg / kg, cadmium: 0.015mg / kg and mercury: 0.0015mg / kg, no pesticide residues were detected; Biological activity: germination rate: 95%, root length: 7.5 cm and shoot length: 9.5 m, microbial respiration intensity: 10 mg O2 / g·h; pH: 7.2.

[0042] In summary, the feasibility and effectiveness of preparing fertilizers from avermectin residues in the four groups of embodiments of the present invention have important practical significance and application value.

[0043] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. For those skilled in the art, various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations of these embodiments are made without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] In the description of the specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0045] The above contents are merely examples and explanations of the present invention. Various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replacements in similar ways by technicians in the technical field shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention as long as they do not deviate from the invention or exceed the scope defined by the claims.

[0046] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing avermectin drug residue fertilizer, comprising pre-treating avermectin drug residue, preparing fermentation, blending nutrients and testing the quality of finished fertilizer, characterized in that: The specific operation steps of the preparation of the avermectin drug residue fertilizer are as follows: Step 1, collecting fresh avermectin residues in an avermectin production plant, controlling the water content thereof, and storing them in a sealed container for standby use; Step 2: crushing the collected avermectin drug residues, sterilizing them with high-temperature steam, and introducing a low-frequency ultrasonic auxiliary device for sterilization; Step 3: adding humic acid, urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate to the crushed and sterilized drug residues, mixing them evenly, controlling the moisture content of the mixture, and adding a fermentation promoter and a biological bacterial agent to mix, so as to obtain a mixed material; Step 4: placing the mixed material in a large fermentation tank, maintaining the oxygen content in the fermentation tank, performing ventilation fermentation operation, and obtaining a fermentation liquid; Step 5: After the fermentation is completed, the fermentation liquid is separated into solid and liquid using a filter press and a high-speed centrifuge to obtain a clarified fermentation liquid, water is added to the clarified fermentation liquid to obtain an extract, a trace element solution is added thereto, and a surfactant and a natural antioxidant are added thereto, and the liquid fertilizer is obtained after mixing and blending; Step 6: Conduct quality inspection on the prepared liquid fertilizer. If it passes the inspection, it will be packaged through an automated filling production line. After completion, it will be stored in a dry and ventilated warehouse away from light.

2. The method for preparing a kind of avermectin medicinal residue fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 1, fresh drug residues are obtained from the avermectin production plant to ensure that the drug residues are not contaminated by other substances, the water content of the avermectin drug residues is controlled between 30% and 40%, and the drug residues are collected using a special closed negative pressure collection device, and the inner wall of the collection container is coated with an anti-adhesion coating.

3. The preparation method of a kind of avermectin medicinal residue fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 2, the collected avermectin slag is transported to a jaw crusher for crushing, the feed port size of the jaw crusher is 300 mm-500 mm, the avermectin slag is crushed into fragments with a particle size of 5 cm-10 cm by preliminary crushing, and then a hammer mill is used for secondary crushing, the rotor diameter of the hammer mill is 1200 mm, and the rotation speed is 900 r / min-1200 r / min. After the crushing is completed, the avermectin slag particles less than 2 cm are screened out, and then the avermectin slag is finely crushed by an ultrafine grinder, and the air flow pressure is set to 1.2 MPa-1.5 MPa, and the final particle size of the crushed avermectin slag is less than 2 mm.

4. The method for preparing a kind of avermectin medicinal residue fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 2, the crushed avermectin residues are placed in a rotary sterilization chamber, the internal temperature of the sterilization chamber is set to 120° C.-125° C., and the temperature is maintained within this temperature range for 30 minutes, and the steam dryness is controlled to be above 98%. During the sterilization process, an ultrasonic auxiliary device is introduced, the working frequency is set to 25 kHz-30 kHz, and the power of a single ultrasonic transducer is 800 W. The ultrasonic auxiliary device is used to break the chemical bonds inside the avermectin residues, and break the microbial cell walls and spore walls inside the residues, and at the same time, the steam input and ventilation volume in the sterilization chamber are controlled, and the humidity is controlled between 60% and 70%.

5. The method for preparing a kind of avermectin medicinal residue fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 3, the crushed and sterilized avermectin residues are soaked in a mixed solution of microbial fermentation liquid and organic acid, and humic acid is added for mixing after the soaking is completed, and the mixture is stirred and mixed at a stirring rate of 20r / min-30r / min, and ultrasonic treatment is performed every 5min of stirring, the ultrasonic frequency is 20kHz-40kHz, the power is 500W-800W, and the ultrasonic treatment time is 2min. After the mixed solution and the humic acid are evenly mixed, urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are respectively dissolved in an appropriate amount of water, and the solution is configured to a concentration of 30%-40%, and the solution is slowly added to the mixed solution and the mixed solution of humic acid by dropwise addition, and the mixture is continuously stirred at a stirring rate of 40r / min-60r / min under a temperature condition of 30°C-35°C. After the dropwise addition is completed, the stirring is continued for 20min-30min, and the mixture is evenly mixed to obtain a mixed material.

6. The method for preparing a kind of avermectin medicinal residue fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step three, the moisture content is regulated by a gradient humidification process, and magnetized water accounting for 20%-30% of the total clean water is added to the mixed material, the magnetic field strength of the magnetized water is 0.3T-0.5T, and the magnetized water is evenly sprayed on the surface of the mixed material using an atomizing nozzle, and the mixture is stirred at a stirring rate of 25r / min-30r / min while being stirred, and then the remaining clean water is added, and the spraying and vacuum penetration methods are used. While spraying, the environment in which the mixed material is located is vacuumized, and the vacuum degree is controlled between -0.05MPa and -0.08MPa, so that the water quickly penetrates into the interior of the mixed material, and the moisture content is controlled between 50% and 60%.

7. The method for preparing a kind of avermectin medicinal residue fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4, at the initial stage of fermentation, intermittent oxygenation is adopted, and oxygen-enriched air with an oxygen content of 40%-50% is introduced every 30min-45min, and each oxygenation time is 5min-8min, and the ventilation volume is 0.4m3 / min per cubic meter of material. 3 -0.6m 3 At the same time, sprinkle a layer of sodium percarbonate powder evenly on the surface of the material. Sodium percarbonate can slowly decompose and produce oxygen under the humidity and temperature conditions in the initial fermentation period. The amount of sodium percarbonate added is 5g-8g per kilogram of mixed material. When the fermentation enters the middle stage, adjust to continuous oxygenation. The gas introduced is a mixed gas composed of oxygen and carbon dioxide in a volume ratio of 3:

1. The ventilation volume is adjusted to 0.7m per minute per cubic meter of material. 3 -0.9m 3 , maintain the pressure in the fermentation tank at 0.05MPa-0.08MPa. In the late stage of fermentation, reduce the oxygen supply intensity, introduce a mixed gas composed of air and nitrogen in a volume ratio of 4:1, and reduce the ventilation volume to 0.3m3 / min per cubic meter of material. 3 -0.5m 3 , reducing the oxygen content of the fermentation product to obtain a fermentation liquid.

8. The method for preparing a kind of avermectin medicinal residue fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 5, natural minerals and organic substances containing trace elements are selected to prepare a trace element solution in a composite manner, boron magnesium ore powder, ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, sodium molybdate and seaweed extract are selected as trace element sources, the boron magnesium ore powder is subjected to high-temperature calcination activation treatment, the calcination temperature is 800°C, the calcination time is 2h, and then the calcined boron magnesium ore powder is mixed with ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate and sodium molybdate in a mass ratio of 5:2:1:1, and an appropriate amount of citric acid solution is added as an activator, the concentration of the citric acid solution is 0.5 mol / L, and the citric acid solution is mixed with the mixed mineral powder in a solid-liquid mass ratio of 1:5, and stirred at 50°C for 3h. The stirring speed is 60r / min. The seaweed is washed, dried and crushed, and then added into deionized water at a mass ratio of 1:

10. Ultrasonic extraction is carried out for 40 minutes under the condition of an ultrasonic power of 800W and an extraction temperature of 40°C. The extracted seaweed solution is filtered, added into a trace element chelate solution and mixed evenly at a volume ratio of 1:3 to obtain a trace element solution rich in various trace elements and high in biological activity. The surfactant is a substance prepared by compounding alkyl polysaccharide and sodium lignin sulfonate at a mass ratio of 3:

2. The natural antioxidant is natural vitamin E, which is blended with the trace element solution to obtain a liquid fertilizer.

9. The method for preparing a kind of avermectin drug residue fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step six, the quality inspection is a comprehensive inspection of multiple indicators, including nutrient component inspection, harmful substance inspection, biological activity inspection and pH value inspection. The liquid fertilizer that passes the inspection is filled. The filling bag is made of degradable multi-layer composite packaging material. The inner layer is made of polylactic acid film with a thickness of 0.05mm. The middle layer is a plant fiber reinforcement layer, which is made of a mixture of bagasse fiber and bamboo fiber in a mass ratio of 3:2 and a thickness of 0.3mm. The outer layer is a paper material coated with a waterproof and UV-proof coating with a thickness of 0.1mm. After bagging, it is placed in a warehouse to avoid light.

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