Method for improving heat energy release efficiency of combustible materials

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving the heat energy release efficiency of combustible materials, and belongs to the technical field of coal chemical industry. Metal-containing substances such as metal minerals and quartz sand are adopted as combustion improvers to be evenly mixed with combustible materials, the mixture is put into a reactor, combustion reaction is carried out in an oxygen-containing atmosphere, sufficient combustion of the combustible materials is promoted, the combustion performance of the combustible materials can be remarkably improved through metal elements contained in various minerals, and the combustion efficiency of the combustible materials is improved. By means of ball milling, sand milling, disc milling and the like, the dispersion degree of the combustion improver in combustible materials can be remarkably improved by adjusting the grinding parameters such as the grinding rotating speed, the grinding material composition and the grinding time. Tests show that heat released by coal combustion can be increased by 3%, and heat released by solid waste can be increased by 20%. Energy can be further saved, and higher economic value can be obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of coal chemical industry, and in particular relates to a method for improving the thermal energy release efficiency of combustibles. Background Art

[0002] Coal is one of the most widely used energy sources in the world, but the traditional combustion method is inefficient, and about 30-40% of the energy is not fully utilized during the combustion process. With the increase in energy demand, improving coal combustion efficiency has become the key, which can not only reduce coal consumption but also reduce fuel costs. This has prompted the research and promotion of high-efficiency combustion technologies, such as pulverized coal combustion, fluidized bed combustion, and gasification combustion. Coal quality varies greatly, including different coalification degrees, volatile matter, and impurity content, which puts different requirements on the combustion process. With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, the output of solid waste (such as domestic garbage, industrial waste slag, and agricultural waste) continues to increase. Incineration is regarded as an effective way to treat solid waste because of its high volume reduction efficiency and small footprint, but traditional combustion technology is inefficient and urgently needs to be improved. In recent years, research on promoting combustion through additives has attracted more and more attention. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for improving the thermal energy release efficiency of combustibles.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] The invention provides a method for improving the heat energy release efficiency of combustibles. The combustion-supporting agent and combustibles are mixed evenly, loaded into a reactor, and a combustion reaction is carried out in an oxygen-containing atmosphere to promote more complete combustion of the combustibles. The combustion-supporting agent comprises one or more of metal-containing ores, zeolites, gravel, soil, ironmaking waste slag, slag, waste concrete, waste bricks, slag and waste metals. The combustibles are carbon-containing organic matter, including one or more of coal, petroleum, natural gas, wood, plastic, rubber, straw, peat, animal and plant oils and fats, humus, plant residues and biomass materials.

[0006] Based on the above technical solution, further, the metal element includes one or more of aluminum, cobalt, iron, nickel, copper and zinc.

[0007] Based on the above technical solution, further, the added amount of the combustion aid is 0.01%-10% of the fuel mass.

[0008] Based on the above technical solution, further, the combustion improver is sprayed onto the fuel surface in the form of a dispersed solution for mixing, and the effective metal content in the sprayed solution should be 0.01%-10% of the fuel mass fraction.

[0009] Based on the above technical solution, further, the particle size of the combustion aid is 10-1000 mesh, preferably 200-300 mesh.

[0010] Based on the above technical solution, further, the combustion aid is ball-milled in a planetary high-energy ball mill, the ball mill speed is 200-800 rpm, the ball mill time is 1-36 hours, and dry grinding or wet grinding is adopted to adapt to different combustibles.

[0011] Based on the above technical solution, the use of disc grinding and sand grinding can further increase the processing capacity of the combustion aid to prepare the combustion aid at the kilogram level per minute, significantly shortening the combustion aid preparation process. At the same time, the selection of different grinding media can adapt to different combustion aids.

[0012] Based on the above technical solution, further, the combustion aid should be stored in a dry place and should be used up within one week after ball milling to prevent agglomeration. If wet grinding is used, it should be used up as soon as possible to prevent volatilization from causing changes in concentration.

[0013] Based on the above technical solution, further, the combustion aid of coal is preferably quartz sand in the desert, which acts as the trace metal elements in the quartz sand, activates the oxygen at high temperature to promote the full reaction of oxygen and coal, and releases more heat. The advantage of using sand in the desert as a combustion aid is that the combustion aid is cheap enough and the improvement is more obvious. Further, the preferred addition amount is 0.05%-0.1%. At the same time, the addition of silicon dioxide can increase the contact area between coal and air and promote the dispersion of oxygen.

[0014] Based on the above technical solution, further, the combustion aid of solid organic waste is preferably iron ore, which acts as a trace metal element in the iron ore, activates oxygen at high temperature to promote the full reaction of oxygen and carbon-containing compounds, and releases more heat. The advantage of using sand iron ore as a combustion aid is that the combustion aid is cheap enough and the improvement is more obvious. Further, the preferred addition amount is 0.05%-0.1%. At the same time, the addition of iron ore can increase the contact area between carbon-containing compounds and air, promote the dispersion of oxygen, and thus improve the oxidation performance.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are as follows:

[0016] The present invention adds metal-containing waste or minerals as combustion aids to combustibles such as coal, which can significantly improve the combustion efficiency of combustibles such as coal. The metal-containing waste or mineral aids can catalyze the decomposition and oxidation of organic matter in combustibles such as coal and solid waste during the combustion process, promote the full combustion of combustible components such as carbon and hydrogen, thereby improving the efficiency of heat energy release. At the same time, the catalytic effect of the metal elements can reduce the activation energy of coal and solid waste combustion, making the combustion reaction more likely to occur at a lower temperature, which helps to reduce the generation of unburned carbon (i.e., soot and fly ash). In addition, full combustion can also reduce the emission of harmful gases such as carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons, achieving a cleaner combustion effect. This technology has the dual environmental protection and economic significance of improving combustion efficiency, saving energy and reducing pollution emissions. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only partial embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other similar embodiments obtained without creative labor all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0018] Example 1

[0019] 50g of sand was put into a high-energy planetary ball mill at 350 rpm and ground for 10h, then sieved to obtain 200-mesh sand. 0.5g of the sieved sand was mixed with 1000g of coal, and the test sample was obtained after grinding and stirring evenly. The test sample passed the GB / T213-2008 standard test for heat release value.

[0020] Example 2

[0021] 50g of sand was put into a high-energy planetary ball mill at 350 / min and ground for 10h, and sieved to obtain 200-mesh sand. 0.5g of the sieved sand was mixed with 1000g of organic carbon solid waste (domestic waste plastics), and the test sample was obtained after grinding and stirring evenly. The test sample passed the GB / T 213-2008 standard test for heat release value.

[0022] Example 3

[0023] 50g of sand was put into a high-energy planetary ball mill at 350 rpm and ground for 10h, then sieved to obtain 200-mesh sand. 1g of the sieved sand was mixed with 1000g of coal, and the test sample was obtained after grinding and stirring evenly. The test sample passed the GB / T213-2008 standard test for heat release value.

[0024] Example 4

[0025] 50g of sand was put into a high-energy planetary ball mill at 350 rpm and ground for 10h, and 200-mesh sand was sieved. 1g of the sieved sand was mixed with 1000g of organic carbon solid waste (domestic waste plastics), and the test sample was obtained after grinding and stirring evenly. The test sample passed the GB / T 213-2008 standard test for heat release value.

[0026] Example 5

[0027] 50g of iron ore (containing elements such as Fe, Al, Ca, O, and Na) was put into a high-energy planetary ball mill and ground at 400 rpm for 10h, and sieved to obtain 200-mesh iron ore powder. 0.5g of the sieved iron ore powder was mixed with 1000g of coal, and the test sample was obtained after grinding and stirring. The test sample passed the GB / T 213-2008 standard test for heat release value.

[0028] Example 6

[0029] 50g of iron ore (containing elements such as Fe, Al, Ca, O, and Na) was put into a high-energy planetary ball mill at 400 rpm and ground for 10h. The iron ore powder with a mesh size of 200 was sieved and 0.5g of the sieved iron ore powder was mixed with 1000g of organic carbon-containing solid waste (domestic waste plastics). The test sample was obtained after grinding and stirring. The test sample passed the GB / T 213-2008 standard test for heat release value.

[0030] Example 7

[0031] 50g of iron ore (containing elements such as Fe, Al, Ca, O, and Na) was put into a high-energy planetary ball mill and ground at 400 rpm for 10h, and sieved to obtain 200-mesh iron ore powder. 1g of the sieved iron ore powder was mixed with 1000g of coal, and the test sample was obtained after grinding and stirring. The test sample passed the GB / T 213-2008 standard test for heat release value.

[0032] Example 8

[0033] Place 1g of iron ore (containing elements such as Fe, Al, Ca, O, and Na) into a high-energy planetary ball mill, add 30mL of water into the mill, grind at 400 rpm for 10h, take an appropriate amount of iron ore solution with an effective iron content of 0.05% of the coal mass fraction, dilute the solution and spray it onto the coal surface (1000g), and test the sample for heat release value according to GB / T 213-2008 standard test.

[0034] Example 9

[0035] Place 1g of iron ore into a high-energy planetary ball mill, add 30mL of water into the ball mill, grind at 400 rpm for 10h, take an appropriate amount of iron ore solution with an effective iron content of 1% of the coal mass fraction, dilute the solution and spray it on the coal surface (1000g), and test the calorific value of the sample through the GB / T 213-2008 standard test.

[0036] Comparative Example 1

[0037] The organic carbon solid waste is directly tested, and the mesh size of the organic carbon solid waste is consistent with the previous test, and the heat release value is tested according to the GB / T 213-2008 standard.

[0038] Comparative Example 2

[0039] The mesh size of the pulverized coal without any treatment is consistent with the mesh size in the previous test, and then the heat release value is directly tested according to the GB / T213-2008 standard.

[0040] Comparative Example 3

[0041] The same as comparative example 2, except that water is sprayed on the surface of the coal powder (the amount of water sprayed is consistent with the spraying volume of example 9). Then, the heat release value is directly tested according to GB / T 213-2008 standard.

[0042] Table 1 Exothermic values ​​measured in Examples 1-10 and Comparative Examples 1-3

[0043] Example / Comparative Example Heat release value (kcal / kg) Example 1 5795 Example 2 5572 Example 3 6001 Example 4 5468 Example 5 5954 Example 6 5981 Example 7 6030 Example 8 6128 Example 9 6272 Comparative Example 1 4907 Comparative Example 2 5790 Comparative Example 3 5793

[0044] As can be seen from the above table, the method of the present invention can increase the combustion heat of coal by about 3%. The same amount of electricity can be generated by using this process to reduce energy consumption by 3%. The method of the present invention has a more obvious effect on promoting the combustion of organic waste, can more significantly save energy consumption, and help reduce the generation of unburned carbon (i.e., soot and fly ash). In addition, sufficient combustion can also reduce the emission of harmful gases such as carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons, achieving a cleaner combustion effect. This technology has the dual environmental and economic significance of improving combustion efficiency, saving energy and reducing pollution emissions.

[0045] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for improving the thermal energy release efficiency of combustibles, characterized in that: The combustion improver and combustibles are mixed evenly, loaded into a reactor, and a combustion reaction is carried out in an oxygen-containing atmosphere to promote more complete combustion of the combustibles; the combustion improver includes one or more of metal-containing ores, zeolites, gravel, soil, ironmaking waste slag, slag, waste concrete, waste bricks, slag and waste metals; the combustibles are carbon-containing organic matter, including one or more of coal, oil, natural gas, wood, plastic, rubber, straw, peat, animal and plant oils and fats, humus, plant residues, and biomass materials.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The metal elements include one or more of aluminum, cobalt, iron, nickel, copper and zinc.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The added amount of the combustion improver is 0.01%-10% of the fuel mass.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combustion improver is sprayed onto the fuel surface in the form of a dispersed solution for mixing, and the effective metal content in the sprayed solution should be 0.01%-10% of the fuel mass fraction.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The particle size of the combustion improver is 10-1000 mesh, preferably 200-300 mesh.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The combustion improver is ball-milled in a planetary high-energy ball mill, the speed of the ball mill is 200-800 rpm, the ball-milling time is 1-36 hours, and the process is performed in a dry or wet manner.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The combustion aid of coal is quartz sand, and the addition amount is 0.05%-0.1%.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The combustion aid of solid organic waste is iron ore, and the addition amount is 0.05%-0.1%.