Preparation process of high-wettability aluminum alloy and high-strength and high-conductivity copper-aluminum composite material

Abstract

The invention aims to disclose a preparation process of a high-wettability aluminum alloy and a high-strength and high-conductivity copper-aluminum composite material, and relates to the technical field of metal composite materials, and the high-wettability aluminum alloy and high-strength and high-conductivity copper-aluminum composite material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1.2%-2.1% of Si, 0.5%-1.0% of Fe, 0.03%-0.1% of Cu, 0.05%-0.07% of Mn, 0.05%-0.08% of Mg, 0.05%-0.1% of Zn, 0.05%-0.1% of Zr, 0.02%-0.05% of Ti, 20 ppm to 50 ppm of rare earth, and the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities. Comprising the following steps that high-wettability aluminum alloy is cast and rolled into a semi-liquid alloy aluminum strip, and the thickness of the semi-liquid alloy aluminum strip ranges from 5 mm to 7 mm; casting and rolling to form a semi-solid copper strip, wherein the thickness of the semi-solid copper strip is 0.8-2mm; and the semi-liquid alloy aluminum strip and the semi-solid copper strip are cast-rolled and compounded into a composite metal strip of 6.0 mm-8. 5mm. The high-wettability aluminum alloy has the beneficial effects that the high-wettability aluminum alloy contains Si, Fe, Cu, Zr, Ti and rare earth, and has the characteristics of high strength, high hardness, high wettability and easiness in rolling; the semi-liquid aluminum alloy strip and the high-strength and high-conductivity semi-solid copper strip are continuously cast and rolled, and the formed composite metal strip has the characteristics of high peel strength, difficulty in layering and high conductivity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metal composite materials, and in particular to a preparation process of a high-wettability aluminum alloy and a high-strength and high-conductivity copper-aluminum composite material. Background Art

[0002] In the fields of aerospace, transportation, electronic communications, marine engineering, special equipment, etc., high strength and high conductivity are required for conductor materials, and copper-aluminum composite materials are one of the good choices.

[0003] At present, copper-aluminum composite materials are hot-rolled composites of copper strips and aluminum strips, which have defects such as low peel strength, easy delamination, insufficient tensile strength, low hardness, and short fatigue life.

[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to develop a preparation process for high wettability aluminum alloy and high strength and high conductivity copper-aluminum composite materials to overcome the above defects. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to disclose a preparation process of a high-wettability aluminum alloy and a high-strength and high-conductivity copper-aluminum composite material.

[0006] The first object of the present invention is to provide an aluminum alloy with high wettability.

[0007] The second object of the present invention is to provide a preparation process of a high-strength and high-conductivity copper-aluminum composite material.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned first invention purpose, the present invention provides a high wettability aluminum alloy, which includes, by weight percentage, Si: 1.2%-2.1%, Fe: 0.5%-1.0%, Cu: 0.03%-0.1%, Mn: 0.05%-0.07%, Mg: 0.05%-0.08%, Zn: 0.05%-0.1%, Zr: 0.05%-0.1%, Ti: 0.02%-0.05%, rare earth: 20ppm-50ppm, and the rest is aluminum and unavoidable impurities.

[0009] Preferably, in terms of weight percentage, it includes Si: 1.3%, Fe: 0.65%, Cu: 0.05%, Mn: 0.05%, Mg: 0.05%, Zn: 0.05%, Zr: 0.05%, Ti: 0.03%, rare earth: 30 ppm, and the rest is aluminum and unavoidable impurities.

[0010] Preferably, the rare earth is one or more of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium or neodymium.

[0011] Preferably, the mass ratio of Si:Fe is (1.5-3.2):1.

[0012] Based on the same inventive principle, in order to achieve the above second inventive object, the present invention provides a preparation process of a high-strength and high-conductivity copper-aluminum composite material, comprising the following steps:

[0013] Casting and rolling the high wettability aluminum alloy described in the first invention into a semi-liquid alloy aluminum strip, wherein the thickness of the semi-liquid alloy aluminum strip is 5 mm to 7 mm;

[0014] Casting and rolling to form a semi-solid copper strip, wherein the thickness of the semi-solid copper strip is 0.8 mm to 2 mm;

[0015] The semi-liquid alloy aluminum strip and the semi-solid copper strip are cast and rolled to form a composite metal strip with a diameter of 6.0 mm to 8.5 mm.

[0016] Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:

[0017] The composite metal strip is subjected to multiple hot rolling and multiple cold rolling to form a copper-aluminum composite material with a thickness of 0.2 mm to 3 mm.

[0018] Preferably, the reduction ratio of the multiple hot rolling passes is 50%-80%, and the reduction ratio of the multiple cold rolling passes is 50%-80%.

[0019] Preferably, the semi-solid copper strip comprises, by weight percentage, Al: 0.1%-0.25%, Mg: 0.1%-0.25%, Cr: 0.5%-1.5%, Zr: 0.05%-0.25%, Fe: 0.1%, Si: 0.1%, P: 0.02%, and the rest is copper and unavoidable impurities.

[0020] Preferably, the peel strength of the copper-aluminum composite material is greater than 80 N / mm.

[0021] Preferably, the tensile strength of the copper-aluminum composite material is 290MPa-480MPa, the elongation of the copper-aluminum composite material is 23%-31%, the hardness of the aluminum surface of the copper-aluminum composite material is 55-80, and the electrical conductivity of the copper-aluminum composite material is 4.7*10 7 S / m-5.1*10 7 S / m.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] (1) The high wettability aluminum alloy of the present invention contains Si, Fe, Cu, Zr, Ti and rare earth. The function of Si is to increase the wettability between aluminum and copper, the function of Fe is to facilitate the thinning of the copper-aluminum composite strip in the later stage, the function of Cu is to increase the hardness of the aluminum alloy, the function of Zr is to increase the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy, and Ti and rare earth work together to refine the grains of the aluminum alloy. The high wettability aluminum alloy of the present invention has the characteristics of high strength, high hardness, high wettability and easy rolling. After being cast and rolled with a high-strength copper strip, an interface with high peeling strength can be formed, which is not easy to delaminate.

[0024] (2) The preparation process of high-strength and high-conductivity copper-aluminum composite materials is to continuously composite-cast and roll a semi-liquid aluminum alloy strip with a high-strength and high-conductivity semi-solid copper strip. Considering that the raw material of the semi-liquid aluminum alloy strip is a high-wettability aluminum alloy, it is then composited with a high-strength copper alloy by casting and rolling. The composite metal strip formed by continuous casting and rolling has the characteristics of high peeling strength, not easy to delaminate and high conductivity; the composite metal strip is then subjected to hot rolling, cold rolling, heat treatment annealing, cleaning, leveling, slitting and other processes to produce a strip that meets market demand. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 The present invention is a process flow chart for preparing the high-strength and high-conductivity copper-aluminum composite material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the various embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, but it should be noted that these embodiments are not limitations of the present invention, and any equivalent transformations or substitutions in functions, methods, or structures made by ordinary technicians in the field based on these embodiments are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thick", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0028] Embodiment 1

[0029] The present embodiment provides a high wettability aluminum alloy, which includes, by weight percentage, Si: 1.2%-2.1%, Fe: 0.5%-1.0%, Cu: 0.03%-0.1%, Mn: 0.05%-0.07%, Mg: 0.05%-0.08%, Zn: 0.05%-0.1%, Zr: 0.05%-0.1%, Ti: 0.02%-0.05%, rare earth: 20ppm-50ppm, and the rest is aluminum and unavoidable impurities, wherein the rare earth is one or more of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium or neodymium, and the mass ratio of Si:Fe is (1.5-3.2):1, preferably 2:1.

[0030] In this embodiment, the high wettability aluminum alloy contains Si, Fe, Cu, Zr, Ti and rare earth. The role of Si is to increase the wettability between aluminum and copper, the role of Fe is to facilitate the thinning of the copper-aluminum composite strip in the later stage, the role of Cu is to increase the hardness of the aluminum alloy, the role of Zr is to increase the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy, and Ti and rare earth work together to refine the grains of the aluminum alloy. The high wettability aluminum alloy of the present invention has the characteristics of high strength, high hardness, high wettability and easy rolling. After being cast and rolled with a high-strength copper strip, an interface with high peeling strength can be formed, which is not easy to delaminate.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the high wettability aluminum alloy includes, by weight percentage, Si: 1.3%, Fe: 0.65%, Cu: 0.05%, Mn: 0.05%, Mg: 0.05%, Zn: 0.05%, Zr: 0.05%, Ti: 0.03%, praseodymium: 30 ppm, and the rest is aluminum and unavoidable impurities.

[0032] Embodiment 2

[0033] See also Figure 1 , a preparation process of a high-strength and high-conductivity copper-aluminum composite material, comprising the following steps:

[0034] S1: Casting and rolling the high wettability aluminum alloy described in Example 1 into a semi-liquid aluminum alloy strip, wherein the thickness of the semi-liquid aluminum alloy strip is 5 mm-7 mm; specifically, the temperature of the semi-liquid aluminum alloy strip is 500° C.-600° C.

[0035] S2: Casting and rolling to form a semi-solid copper strip, the thickness of the semi-solid copper strip is 0.8mm-2mm; specifically, the temperature of the semi-solid copper strip is 900℃-1000℃, and the semi-solid copper strip includes Al: 0.1%-0.25%, Mg: 0.1%-0.25%, Cr: 0.5%-1.5%, Zr: 0.05%-0.25%, Fe: 0.1%, Si: 0.1%, P: 0.02%, and the rest is copper and inevitable impurities, wherein Al can increase the wettability between the copper strip and the aluminum strip, and Cr and Zr can improve the tensile strength of the copper strip.

[0036] S3: The semi-liquid alloy aluminum strip and the semi-solid copper strip are cast and rolled to form a composite metal strip with a thickness of 6.0 mm to 8.5 mm. Specifically, the semi-liquid alloy aluminum strip at a temperature of 500° C. to 600° C. and the semi-solid copper strip at a temperature of 900° C. to 1000° C. are cast and rolled together, and a small amount of thinning is performed to form a composite metal strip with a thickness of 6.0 mm to 8.5 mm.

[0037] In the traditional process, during the casting and rolling between the aluminum strip and the copper strip, due to the lack of Si and Cu in the aluminum strip and the lack of Al in the copper strip, when the copper strip and the aluminum strip are cast and rolled, the wettability of the two is insufficient, resulting in the copper-aluminum composite strip formed by rolling being easy to delaminate, and it is impossible to form a copper-aluminum composite strip with high peeling strength by casting and rolling. In view of this, this embodiment forms a copper-aluminum composite metal strip through the above steps S1 to S3, wherein the semi-liquid alloy aluminum strip adopts the high wettability aluminum alloy described in Example 1, containing Si and Cu, and Si can also form segregation at the copper-aluminum bonding interface to inhibit the increase of the bonding interface thickness. The high wettability aluminum alloy has the characteristics of high strength, high hardness, high wettability and easy rolling, and the semi-solid copper strip contains Al, which further increases the wettability between copper and aluminum, and also contains Cr and Zr, which ensures the strength of the copper strip. The copper-aluminum interface of the copper-aluminum composite metal strip formed by casting and rolling has high peeling strength and is not easy to delaminate. At the same time, it has the characteristics of high strength and high conductivity, which can meet the application of aerospace, transportation, electronic communications, marine engineering, special equipment and the like.

[0038] On the basis of steps S1 to S3, in order to form a thinner copper-aluminum composite metal strip, preferably, the following steps are further included:

[0039] S4: The composite metal strip is subjected to multiple hot rolling and multiple cold rolling to form a copper-aluminum composite material with a thickness of 0.2mm-3mm; during the casting and rolling process of step S3, the composite material undergoes a first downward pressing, and then undergoes multiple hot rolling with a downward pressing rate of 50%-80% and multiple cold rolling with a downward pressing rate of 50%-80%, thereby realizing a combined rolling of casting, hot rolling and cold rolling, so that the downward pressing rate of the composite material is a gradient, further ensuring the peel strength of the copper-aluminum composite material; the peel strength of the copper-aluminum composite material with a thickness of 0.2mm-3mm is greater than 80N / mm, the tensile strength of the copper-aluminum composite material is 290MPa-480MPa, the elongation of the copper-aluminum composite material is 23%-31%, the hardness of the aluminum surface of the copper-aluminum composite material is 55-80 (HV), and the electrical conductivity of the copper-aluminum composite material is 4.7*10 7 S / m-5.1*10 7 S / m.

[0040] See Table 1, which is a table of composition and performance parameters of the copper-aluminum composite material.

[0041] Table 1 Composition and performance parameters of copper-aluminum composite materials

[0042]

[0043] The test results in Table 1 show that the effects on the peel strength N / mm (peeling copper), tensile strength MPa, hardness HV of the aluminum surface, etc. of the copper-aluminum composite material are mainly reflected in two aspects: (1) the content of Si, Fe and Cu in the high wettability aluminum alloy and the content of Al in the copper strip. This shows that through this embodiment, the wettability between the copper and aluminum strips can be increased and the interface bonding strength can be improved; (2) the greater the reduction rate of multi-pass hot rolling and multi-pass cold rolling, the more helpful it is to increase the tensile strength and peel strength of the copper-aluminum composite material.

Claims

1. High wettability aluminum alloy, characterized in that: In terms of weight percentage, it includes Si: 1.2%-2.1%, Fe: 0.5%-1.0%, Cu: 0.03%-0.1%, Mn: 0.05%-0.07%, Mg: 0.05%-0.08%, Zn: 0.05%-0.1%, Zr: 0.05%-0.1%, Ti: 0.02%-0.05%, rare earth: 20ppm-50ppm, and the rest is aluminum and unavoidable impurities.

2. The high wettability aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: Calculated by weight percentage, it includes Si: 1.3%, Fe: 0.65%, Cu: 0.05%, Mn: 0.05%, Mg: 0.05%, Zn: 0.05%, Zr: 0.05%, Ti: 0.03%, rare earth: 30ppm, and the rest is aluminum and inevitable impurities.

3. The high wettability aluminum alloy according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The rare earth is one or more of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium or neodymium.

4. The high wettability aluminum alloy according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The mass ratio of Si:Fe is (1.5-3.2):

1.

5. A process for preparing a high-strength and high-conductivity copper-aluminum composite material, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Casting and rolling the high wettability aluminum alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 4 into a semi-liquid alloy aluminum strip, wherein the thickness of the semi-liquid alloy aluminum strip is 5 mm to 7 mm; Casting and rolling to form a semi-solid copper strip, wherein the thickness of the semi-solid copper strip is 0.8 mm to 2 mm; The semi-liquid alloy aluminum strip and the semi-solid copper strip are cast and rolled to form a composite metal strip with a diameter of 6.0 mm to 8.5 mm.

6. The process for preparing the high-strength and high-conductivity copper-aluminum composite material according to claim 5, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: The composite metal strip is subjected to multiple hot rolling and multiple cold rolling to form a copper-aluminum composite material with a thickness of 0.2 mm to 3 mm.

7. The process for preparing the high-strength and high-conductivity copper-aluminum composite material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The reduction ratio of the multiple hot rolling passes is 50%-80%, and the reduction ratio of the multiple cold rolling passes is 50%-80%.

8. The process for preparing the high-strength and high-conductivity copper-aluminum composite material according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: The semi-solid copper strip comprises, by weight percentage, Al: 0.1%-0.25%, Mg: 0.1%-0.25%, Cr: 0.5%-1.5%, Zr: 0.05%-0.25%, Fe: 0.1%, Si: 0.1%, P: 0.02%, and the rest is copper and unavoidable impurities.

9. The process for preparing the high-strength and high-conductivity copper-aluminum composite material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The peel strength of the copper-aluminum composite material is greater than 80N / mm.

10. The process for preparing the high-strength and high-conductivity copper-aluminum composite material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The tensile strength of the copper-aluminum composite material is 290MPa-480MPa, the elongation of the copper-aluminum composite material is 23%-31%, the hardness of the aluminum surface of the copper-aluminum composite material is 55-80, and the electrical conductivity of the copper-aluminum composite material is 4.7*10 7 S / m-5.1*10 7 S / m.

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