Enhanced light aluminum alloy material, preparation method and application

Abstract

The aluminum alloy material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.2 to 0.8 percent of Si, 0.2 to 1.0 percent of Cu, 0.2 to 1.4 percent of Mn, 0.5 to 1.6 percent of Mg, 0.06 to 0.6 percent of Zn, 0.02 to 0.4 percent of Hf, 0.03 to 0.3 percent of Zr, 0.02 to 0.4 percent of Co, 0.02 to 0.4 percent of W, 0.01 to 0.4 percent of In, 0.01 to 0.5 percent of Ti, 0.003 to 0.03 percent of B, 0.0003 to 0.003 percent of Be, 0.02 to 0.6 percent of Pr, 0.01 to 0.6 percent of Nd, 0.02 to 0.8 percent of Eu, less than or equal to 0.3 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of other inevitable single impurity elements, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of total impurity elements and the balance of aluminum. The aluminum alloy material is prepared through the procedures of melting, refining treatment, refining treatment, casting and extrusion forming. The aluminum alloy material disclosed by the invention has relatively high comprehensive mechanical properties, relatively long service life and relatively low manufacturing cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy materials, and in particular to a reinforced lightweight aluminum alloy material, a preparation method and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, most of the metal pipes, metal rods or profiles used in my country's infrastructure construction are made of steel, which is heavy and not corrosion-resistant. In coastal areas with humid weather or high atmospheric salinity and heavy industrial concentrated areas with acidic rainfall, metal pipes, metal rods or profiles made of steel are severely corroded, and their lifespan is significantly reduced due to corrosion in the atmospheric environment, far below the design lifespan, resulting in high maintenance costs and expenses. Aluminum alloy materials have stronger corrosion resistance than steel. Metal pipes, metal rods or profiles made of aluminum alloy materials have a longer service life in the same environment, and aluminum alloys are well formed, with rich appearance shapes and colors, and have high strength, plasticity and corrosion resistance at room temperature and high temperature. To this end, by rationally optimizing alloy elements, a new aluminum alloy material with light weight, high strength, strong corrosion resistance and low and controllable production cost is developed to replace steel materials to meet the needs of various fields for high-performance aluminum alloy metal pipes, metal rods or profiles. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an enhanced lightweight aluminum alloy material, a preparation method and an application thereof. The present invention aims at solving the problems of low strength, hardness and toughness of the 6000 series aluminum alloy materials such as 6061, 6082, etc., which are commonly used aluminum alloy materials at present, so as to solve a series of performance problems existing in the current aluminum materials, reduce the manufacturing cost of aluminum alloy products, and promote the application of aluminum alloy metal products. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical effects:

[0004] According to one aspect of the present invention, a reinforced lightweight aluminum alloy material is provided, wherein the aluminum alloy material comprises the following components in parts by weight: Si: 0.2-0.8%, Cu: 0.2-1.0%, Mn: 0.2-1.4%, Mg: 0.5-1.6%, Zn: 0.06-0.6%, Hf: 0.02-0.4%, Zr: 0.03-0.3%, Co: 0.02-0.4%, W: 0. 02~0.4%, In: 0.01~0.4%, Ti: 0.01~0.5%, B: 0.003~0.03%, Be: 0.0003~0.003%, Pr: 0.02~0.6%, Nd: 0.01~0.6%, Eu: 0.02~0.8%, Fe≤0.3%, other unavoidable single impurity elements ≤0.03%, the total amount of impurity elements ≤0.15%, the balance is aluminum.

[0005] The above scheme is further preferred, wherein the aluminum alloy material comprises the following components in parts by weight: Si: 0.5-0.7%, Cu: 0.4-0.8%, Mn: 0.4-1.2%, Mg: 0.5-1.4%, Zn: 0.1-0.4%, Hf: 0.04-0.3%, Zr: 0.05-0.25%, Co: 0.04-0.3%, W: 0.04-0.32%, I n: 0.02~0.3%, Ti: 0.02~0.2%, B: 0.004~0.02%, Be: 0.0005~0.0015%, Pr: 0.06~0.5%, Nd: 0.04~0.5%, Eu: 0.05~0.4%, Fe≤0.2%, other unavoidable single impurity elements ≤0.03%, the total amount of impurity elements ≤0.15%, the balance is Al.

[0006] The above scheme is further preferred, that the aluminum alloy material contains the following components in parts by weight: Si: 0.58%, Cu: 0.62%, Mn: 1.04%, Mg: 1.23%, Zn: 0.31%, Hf: 0.11%, Zr: 0.19%, Co: 0.20%, W: 0.09%, In: 0.02%, Ti: 0.04%, B: 0.008%, Be: 0.0008%, Pr: 0.17%, Nd: 0.24%, Eu: 0.13%, Fe: 0.18%, other unavoidable single impurity elements ≤ 0.03%, the total amount of impurity elements ≤ 0.15%, and the balance is Al.

[0007] The above scheme is further preferred, wherein Si in the aluminum alloy material is an aluminum-silicon master alloy, Al is an aluminum ingot, Cu is a copper ingot, Mg is a metal magnesium ingot, Zn is a metal zinc ingot, Hf is an aluminum-hafnium master alloy, Zr is an aluminum-zirconium master alloy, Co is an aluminum-cobalt master alloy, W is an aluminum-tungsten master alloy, In is a metal indium ingot, Ti and B are made of an aluminum-titanium-boron master alloy, Be is an aluminum-beryllium master alloy, Fe is an iron ingot, and Pr, Nd and Eu are made of a rare earth aluminum master alloy, wherein the rare earth aluminum master alloy is respectively prepared from an aluminum-praseodymium master alloy, an aluminum-neodymium master alloy and an aluminum-europium master alloy in a weight ratio of 4:1 to 3:3 to 6.

[0008] According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for preparing a reinforced lightweight aluminum alloy material, the preparation method comprising the following steps:

[0009] Step (1), calculating and weighing the aluminum alloy raw materials according to the mass percentage of the chemical components of the alloy: Si, Cu, Mn, Mg, Zn, Hf, Zr, Co, W, In, Ti, B, Be, Pr, Nd, Eu, Fe and Al;

[0010] Step (2), charging part of the raw materials into a furnace, heating them up to melt and carrying out a first stage of heat preservation smelting, the raw materials for the first batch of the furnace are: Al, Cu, Si, Zn, Hf, Zr, Co, W, In, Be, Fe, Pr, Nd, Eu; after the first batch of materials are melted and stirred evenly, Mg is added to carry out a second stage of heat preservation smelting, and after it is completely melted, it is stirred until the composition is uniform, and the furnace temperature is maintained during the period; then a small amount is taken out from the high-temperature aluminum alloy liquid for chemical composition analysis, and if the composition is deviated, the composition is adjusted and sampled again for analysis until all elements reach the expected indicators;

[0011] Step (3), refining the aluminum alloy liquid in the furnace, then removing the slag in the furnace, sampling and analyzing again after refining, if the composition is still within the expected index range, then proceeding to the next process without processing; if the composition deviates, then adjusting the composition and sampling and analyzing again, and performing secondary refining and slag removal, until all elements reach the expected index before proceeding to the next process;

[0012] Step (4), releasing the aluminum alloy liquid from the bottom of the furnace for casting, adding B to the aluminum alloy liquid after it enters the launder for grain refinement, and after the aluminum alloy liquid is subjected to double-stage filtration treatment, entering the casting mold for semi-continuous casting to obtain a rod-shaped ingot of a certain diameter;

[0013] Step (5), placing the rod-shaped ingot into an aluminum rod heating furnace to heat and keep it warm for a certain period of time, then cutting a certain length of the ingot into a press for extrusion processing to obtain an aluminum alloy profile of a desired shape and length;

[0014] Step (6), placing the extruded aluminum alloy profile into an aging furnace for artificial aging treatment, and obtaining a reinforced lightweight aluminum alloy material after the artificial aging treatment is completed.

[0015] The above scheme is further preferred, in step (2), the first stage insulation melting temperature is 760-860°C, and the second stage insulation melting temperature is 720-800°C.

[0016] The above scheme is further preferred. In step (3), the mixed gas used for the primary refining treatment is prepared by mixing high-purity argon, high-purity nitrogen and high-purity chlorine, wherein 99.999% high-purity argon accounts for 60%, 99.999% high-purity nitrogen accounts for 37%, and 99.999% high-purity chlorine accounts for 3%, and the primary refining treatment time is 30 to 60 minutes; the temperature and gas for the secondary refining treatment are the same as those for the primary refining treatment, and the secondary refining treatment time is 15 to 30 minutes.

[0017] The above scheme is further preferred, in step (4), the first-stage filter plate of the double-stage filtration is 80 mesh, and the second-stage filter plate is 60 mesh; the temperature of the aluminum alloy liquid above the casting mold is maintained at 640-720°C, and the sinking speed of the crystallizer is 50-250 mm / min; in step (5), the insulation temperature of the aluminum alloy rod is 500-600°C, the insulation time is not less than 4 hours, and the extrusion speed is 3-12 m / min; in step (6), the artificial aging temperature is 150-220°C, and the insulation time is 3-16 h.

[0018] The invention discloses an application of a high-strength and lightweight aluminum alloy material in the preparation of aluminum alloy metal products. The aluminum alloy metal products include but are not limited to aluminum alloy metal pipes, aluminum alloy rods or aluminum alloy profiles. The preparation method of the aluminum alloy metal products comprises the following steps: firstly, the prepared enhanced rare earth aluminum alloy material is sheared into bars of required length, and then cold-forging is performed to form the required aluminum alloy metal product prototypes, and then the aluminum alloy metal product parts are degreased, pickled, alkaline washed and anodized, and then assembled, welded and electrostatically sprayed to obtain the final required aluminum alloy metal product parts.

[0019] When a high-strength lightweight aluminum alloy material of the present invention is used to make an aluminum alloy lamp pole, the aluminum alloy lamp pole is composed of a lamp pole main body pipe, an arm pipe, a base plate and a base reinforcement plate, and the lamp pole main body pipe is mainly composed of a lower lamp pole and an upper lamp pole, wherein a plurality of middle lamp poles are connected in series between the lower lamp pole and the upper lamp pole; the use of the high-strength lightweight aluminum alloy material provided above to manufacture an aluminum alloy lamp pole specifically comprises the following steps:

[0020] Step (11), cutting, assembling and welding the aluminum alloy lamp pole profiles of the required shape and length prepared above to form the lamp pole main body pipe, arm pipe, base plate and base reinforcement plate;

[0021] Step (12), formulating the processing technology of the lamp pole according to the height of the lamp pole, if the lamp pole is lower than 8 meters, a two-stage assembly is adopted; if the lamp pole is higher than 8 meters, a three-stage assembly is adopted;

[0022] Step (13), one end of the main tube of the lamp pole with the largest diameter is subjected to tube shrinkage processing, and the other end is assembled with the base plate and the base reinforcement plate and laser welded to firmly form the lower lamp pole; one end of the middle lamp pole is subjected to tube shrinkage processing according to the size of the connected tube; the upper lamp pole does not need to be subjected to tube shrinkage processing; the arm tubes of different specifications are assembled and laser welded to form the lamp pole arm; the laser pulse peak power during laser welding is 1000W~2000W, the pulse width is 2ms~4ms, the pulse repetition frequency is 20Hz~40Hz, the welding speed is 120mm / min~300mm / min, the defocus amount is -1mm~+1mm, the welding current is 50A-150A, and the welding voltage is 20V;

[0023] Step (14), covering the connection surfaces of the manufactured lower lamp pole, middle lamp pole, upper lamp pole, and lamp pole support arm with a high temperature resistant plastic film and then performing electrostatic spraying treatment to manufacture lamp pole components with the desired color and appearance and then packaging;

[0024] Step (15), transport the lamp pole components to the installation site for assembly as needed, connect the different parts of the lamp pole with bolts, install the lamps and power on to obtain the aluminum lamp pole.

[0025] The alloy material preparation reaction mechanism of the present invention is:

[0026] First, silicon (Si), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), magnesium (Mg), and zinc (Zn) in the present invention are all main alloying elements of aluminum alloy materials. According to the content of the main alloying elements, aluminum alloy materials can be divided into different systems with different performance characteristics. The selection and content of the main alloying elements in the present invention are determined from the following aspects:

[0027] (1) Taking advantage of the high solubility and supersaturation of Mn and Mg elements in aluminum alloys, and utilizing their strong solid solution strengthening effect, the strength of the alloy material is improved;

[0028] (2) Si, Mg, Cu, and Zn elements can form nanoscale materials such as β, η, S and their metastable phases β', η', S' in aluminum alloys, hinder dislocation migration, produce strong precipitation strengthening effects, and improve the strength of alloy materials;

[0029] (3) In addition to precipitation, some Si, Cu, and Zn elements are still dissolved in the matrix lattice, producing a certain degree of solid solution strengthening effect and improving the strength of the alloy material.

[0030] Secondly, hafnium (Hf), zirconium (Zr), cobalt (Co), and tungsten (W) are transition metal elements, and their melting points and densities are much higher than aluminum. According to the phase diagram, these elements can form Al3Hf, Al3Zr, Al9Co2, Al 12 W intermetallic compound;

[0031] When these elements co-exist in an aluminum alloy system and their contents are low, these elements interact with each other to form a chemical formula: Al3(Hf a ,Zr b ,Co c ,W d) complex intermetallic compounds, where (a+b+c+d=1, a≤1, b≤1, c≤1, d≤1), and Al3Hf, Al3Zr, Al9Co2, Al12W intermetallic compounds coexist. These substances can provide an effective heterogeneous nucleation interface for the nucleation of α-Al during the solidification of aluminum alloy liquid casting, reduce the energy barrier for the nucleation of α-Al grains, increase the nucleation rate, and refine the ingot grains on a macro scale. In addition, the above elements gradually precipitate nano-scale intermetallic compounds during a series of heat treatments of the material, such as homogenization, hot extrusion, solution treatment, artificial aging, etc., which have the effect of improving the strength of the alloy material.

[0032] At the same time, indium (In) is a transition metal element and also a rare metal element. Adding a small amount of In element can accelerate the precipitation of nano-scale substances such as β, η, S and their metastable phases β', η', S' from the supersaturated solid solution and shorten the artificial aging process; Beryllium (Be) element is an alkaline earth metal element. After adding it to the aluminum alloy, it can reduce the burnout of Mg element in the alloy, and also play a role in controlling the hydrogen content in the alloy. Titanium (Ti) and boron (B) elements are added through aluminum-titanium-boron master alloy. Adding aluminum-titanium-boron master alloy online in the flow trough can have a certain grain refinement effect on the aluminum alloy ingot.

[0033] Finally, rare earth elements praseodymium (Pr), neodymium (Nd), and europium (Eu) can form Al 11 If the intermetallic compounds of Pr3, Al3Nd and Al3Eu exist in aluminum alloy at the same time and their contents are low, Al3(Pr x ,Nd y ,Eu z ) complex intermetallic compounds, where x+y+z=1, x≤1, y≤1, z≤1, and Al 11 Pr3, Al3Nd, Al3Eu intermetallic compounds. These substances can provide an effective heterogeneous nucleation interface for the nucleation of α-Al during the solidification of aluminum alloy liquid casting, reduce the energy barrier for the nucleation of α-Al grains, increase the nucleation rate, and refine the ingot grains on a macro scale. In addition, these substances can also hinder the dislocations generated during the deformation of aluminum alloys, promote the nucleation of recrystallized grains during the recrystallization process, and refine the recrystallized grains, so that the aluminum alloy material can retain a certain processing state structure and have a large number of fine non-distorted recrystallized structures, while improving the strength and plasticity of the aluminum alloy material.

[0034] In summary, the present invention adopts the above technical solution, and the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0035] (1) The present invention utilizes rare earth elements praseodymium (Pr), neodymium (Nd), and europium (Eu) to improve the mechanical properties and plasticity of aluminum alloy materials in multiple aspects, thereby improving the toughness, fatigue resistance and other indicators of the material.

[0036] (2) The present invention comprehensively utilizes hafnium (Hf), zirconium (Zr), cobalt (Co), tungsten (W), praseodymium (Pr), neodymium (Nd), europium (Eu) and aluminum-titanium-boron master alloy to perform grain refinement treatment on alloy ingots from multiple aspects, so as to reduce the grain size and weaken segregation. It can effectively improve the organizational structure of aluminum alloy and improve the comprehensive performance, so as to improve the strength of aluminum alloy and its fracture toughness, and solve the technical problems related to the existing rare earth aluminum alloy due to low strength and inability to meet the requirements of high load and light weight;

[0037] (3) The present invention comprehensively utilizes the solid solution strengthening and precipitation strengthening effects of Si, Cu, Mn, Mg, and Zn elements, reduces the addition amount of each main alloying element, regulates the effects of solid solution strengthening and precipitation strengthening, reduces the adverse effects of solid solution strengthening and precipitation strengthening on the plasticity of aluminum alloys, and comprehensively improves the strength and plasticity of aluminum alloy materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the aluminum alloy lamp pole of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the base plate of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following examples are given with reference to the aluminum alloy material and its preparation method and application of the present invention. It can be understood that the aluminum alloy material and its preparation method and application of the present invention are not limited to the following embodiments. However, it should be noted that many details listed in the specification are only for the purpose of enabling the reader to have a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of the present invention, and these aspects of the present invention can be implemented even without these specific details.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for preparing a reinforced lightweight aluminum alloy material is provided, and the method for preparing the aluminum alloy material comprises the following steps:

[0043] Step (1), calculating and weighing aluminum alloy raw materials according to the mass percentage of the chemical composition of the alloy: Si, Cu, Mn, Mg, Zn, Hf, Zr, Co, W, In, Ti, B, Be, Pr, Nd, Eu, Fe and Al; Si in the aluminum alloy material is an aluminum silicon master alloy, Al is an aluminum ingot, Cu is a copper ingot, Mg is a metal magnesium ingot, Zn is a metal zinc ingot, Hf is an aluminum hafnium master alloy, Zr is an aluminum zirconium master alloy, Co is an aluminum cobalt master alloy, W is an aluminum tungsten master alloy, In is a metal indium ingot, Ti and B are made of an aluminum titanium boron master alloy, Be is an aluminum beryllium master alloy, Fe is an iron ingot, Pr, Nd and Eu are made of a rare earth aluminum master alloy, and the like. The reinforced lightweight aluminum alloy material is prepared from aluminum ingots, copper ingots, aluminum silicon master alloys, metal magnesium ingots, metal zinc ingots, aluminum hafnium master alloys, aluminum zirconium master alloys, aluminum cobalt master alloys, aluminum tungsten master alloys, metal indium ingots, aluminum titanium boron master alloys, aluminum beryllium master alloys, iron ingots and rare earth aluminum master alloys through melting, refining, refinement, casting and extrusion molding processes to obtain rare earth aluminum alloy materials, wherein the rare earth aluminum master alloy is prepared from aluminum praseodymium master alloys, aluminum neodymium master alloys and aluminum europium master alloys in proportion, and the rare earth aluminum master alloys are respectively prepared from aluminum praseodymium master alloys, aluminum neodymium master alloys and aluminum europium master alloys in a weight ratio of 4:2:4;

[0044] Step (2), aluminum ingot (Al), copper ingot (Cu), aluminum silicon master alloy (Si), metal zinc ingot (Zn), aluminum hafnium master alloy (Hf), aluminum zirconium master alloy (Zr), aluminum cobalt master alloy (Co), aluminum tungsten master alloy (W), metal indium ingot (In), aluminum beryllium master alloy (Be), iron ingot (Fe), aluminum praseodymium master alloy (Pr), aluminum neodymium master alloy Nd, aluminum europium master alloy (Eu) are charged into a melting furnace, heated and melted, and a first stage of heat preservation melting is carried out at 820°C; because some elements in the alloy composition have a specific gravity much higher than that of aluminum, the aluminum alloy liquid is stirred during the melting process, and the aluminum alloy liquid is stirred during the melting process to avoid the sedimentation of elements with higher density, so as to keep the chemical composition of each part of the liquid uniform; after the first batch of furnace materials are heat-insulated and melted and stirred evenly for a period of time, the furnace temperature is lowered to 765°C, a metal magnesium ingot (Mg) is added to the aluminum alloy liquid, and a second stage of heat preservation melting is carried out at 765°C, and after it is completely melted, it is stirred until the composition is uniform, and the temperature is still kept at 400°C during the melting process. Then maintain the furnace temperature and stir to make the chemical composition of each part of the alloy liquid uniform; after a period of smelting in the second stage, take out a small amount from the high-temperature aluminum alloy liquid for chemical composition analysis, and decide whether to adjust the composition based on the analysis results. If the composition deviates, adjust the composition and take samples for analysis again until the analysis indicators of each element reach the expected indicators; all elements of the aluminum alloy material reach the expected indicators and meet the following weight percentages: Si: 0.58%, Cu: 0.62%, Mn: 1.04% 、Mg: 1.23%, Zn: 0.31%, Hf: 0.11%, Zr: 0.19%, Co: 0.20%, W: 0.09%, In: 0.02%, Ti: 0.04%, B: 0.008%, Be: 0.0008%, Pr: 0.17%, Nd: 0.24%, Eu: 0.13%, Fe: 0.18%, other unavoidable single impurity elements ≤ 0.03%, total impurity elements ≤ 0.15%, balance is aluminum;

[0045] Step (3), using a mixed gas of 60% of 99.999% high-purity argon, 37% of 99.999% high-purity nitrogen, and 3% of 99.999% high-purity chlorine to perform a refining treatment on the aluminum alloy liquid in the furnace, the refining treatment temperature is 765°C, the primary refining treatment time is 45 minutes, and then the slag in the furnace is removed, and after the refining is completed, sampling and analysis are performed again. If the composition is still within the expected index range, no treatment is required to enter the next process; if the composition deviates, the composition is adjusted and sampling and analysis are performed again, and secondary refining and slag removal are performed. The secondary refining treatment time is 20 minutes. After the refining is completed, the floating slag is removed and the aluminum alloy liquid is allowed to stand until all elements reach the expected index before entering the next process;

[0046] Step (4), releasing the aluminum alloy liquid from the bottom of the furnace for casting, entering the double-stage filter box through the flow channel, and then entering the casting mold plate, adding aluminum-titanium-boron intermediate alloy wire (B) to the aluminum alloy liquid after entering the flow channel for grain refinement, and the aluminum alloy liquid undergoes double-stage filtration treatment, the first-stage filter plate of the filter box is 80 mesh, and the second-stage filter plate is 60 mesh, and then the aluminum alloy liquid enters the casting mold plate to keep its temperature at 715°C for semi-continuous casting, the crystallizer sinking speed is 124 mm / min, and the casting obtains a rod-shaped ingot with a diameter of 178 mm;

[0047] Step (5), placing the rod-shaped ingot into an aluminum rod heating furnace for heating, controlling the temperature at 545° C. and keeping the temperature for 6 hours before starting hot extrusion processing, then cutting a certain length of the ingot into a press for extrusion processing, the extrusion speed is 8 m / min, and after extrusion, aluminum tubes, aluminum rods, aluminum plates and other aluminum alloy profiles of different shapes with cross-sectional dimensions of Ф113mm×2.5mm, Ф80mm×1.8mm, Ф48mm×1.8mm, Ф30mm×1.6mm, 250mm×6.0mm, 60mm×3mm are formed, thereby obtaining aluminum alloy profiles of desired shape and length;

[0048] Step (6), placing the extruded aluminum alloy profile into an aging furnace for artificial aging treatment, the artificial aging temperature is 175° C., the heat preservation time is 9 hours, and after the artificial aging treatment is completed, the desired enhanced lightweight aluminum alloy material is obtained;

[0049] In the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the aluminum alloy lamp pole can be made of aluminum alloy profiles, and the lamp pole includes components such as a lamp pole main body pipe, an arm pipe, a base plate, and a base reinforcement plate. When the enhanced lightweight aluminum alloy material obtained in this embodiment is used to manufacture the aluminum alloy lamp pole, the following steps are specifically included:

[0050] Step (11), cutting, assembling and welding the prepared reinforced lightweight aluminum alloy material of the required shape and length to form a lamp pole main body pipe, an arm pipe, a base plate and a base reinforcement plate; the lamp pole main body pipe is mainly composed of a lower lamp pole and an upper lamp pole, wherein a plurality of middle lamp poles are connected in series between the lower lamp pole and the upper lamp pole;

[0051] Step (12), formulating the processing technology of the lamp pole according to the height of the lamp pole, if the lamp pole is lower than 8 meters, then a two-stage assembly is adopted; if the lamp pole is higher than 8 meters, then a three-stage assembly is adopted;

[0052] Step (13), one end of the main tube of the lamp pole with the largest diameter is subjected to tube shrinkage processing, and the other end is assembled with the base plate and the base reinforcement plate and laser welded to firmly form the lower lamp pole component; one end of the middle lamp pole is subjected to tube shrinkage processing according to the size of the connected tube; the upper lamp pole does not need to be subjected to tube shrinkage processing; the arm tubes of different specifications are assembled and laser welded to form the lamp pole arm;

[0053] Step (14), covering the connection surfaces of the manufactured lower lamp pole, middle lamp pole, upper lamp pole, and lamp pole support arm with a high temperature resistant plastic film and then performing electrostatic spraying treatment to manufacture lamp pole components with the desired color and appearance and then packaging;

[0054] Step (15), transporting the lamp pole components to the installation site for assembly as required, connecting different parts of the lamp pole with bolts, installing lamps and powering on to obtain an aluminum lamp pole;

[0055] In the present invention, the process of making a 6m high lamp pole is as follows:

[0056] (a) Cut the prepared 113 mm × 2.5 mm tube into 3.1 m lengths, shrink one end to make a 76.4 mm connector, and cut off the excess part of the connector to keep the length of the shrink part at about 100 mm for connection to the upper lamp pole;

[0057] The plate with a cross section of 250mm×6.0mm is cut into a size of 250mm×6.0mm×250mm, and is spliced ​​with a Ф113mm×2.5mm pipe and welded firmly with laser welding. The plate with a cross section of 60mm×3mm is cut into blocks of appropriate size, which are used as reinforcement plates between the base and the pipe, and are welded firmly with laser welding to form the lower lamp pole component;

[0058] (b) Cut a Ø80 mm × 1.8 mm tube into 3 m lengths, seal one end with a 76 mm diameter disc cut from a 60 mm × 3 mm plate, and weld it firmly by laser welding to form the upper lamp pole component;

[0059] (c) Cut the Φ48mm×1.8mm tube into 1m length, and cut the Φ30mm×1.6mm tube into 0.8m length, and weld the two together by laser welding to form a lamp pole arm component for installing lamps;

[0060] (d) Covering the connection surfaces of the lower lamp pole component, the upper lamp pole component, the lamp pole arm component, etc. with a high temperature resistant plastic film, performing electrostatic spraying treatment, obtaining components with the required color coating and properly packaging;

[0061] (e) The light pole components are transported to the installation site for assembly as required. The different parts of the light pole are connected with bolts. After the lamps are installed and powered on, a 6-meter-high aluminum light pole is obtained.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for preparing a reinforced lightweight aluminum alloy material is provided, and the method for preparing the aluminum alloy material comprises the following steps:

[0064] Step (1), calculating and weighing aluminum alloy raw materials according to the mass percentage of the chemical composition of the alloy: Si, Cu, Mn, Mg, Zn, Hf, Zr, Co, W, In, Ti, B, Be, Pr, Nd, Eu, Fe and Al; wherein the enhanced lightweight aluminum alloy material is prepared by melting, refining, refining, casting and extrusion molding processes of aluminum ingots, copper ingots, aluminum silicon master alloys, metal magnesium ingots, metal zinc ingots, aluminum hafnium master alloys, aluminum zirconium master alloys, aluminum cobalt master alloys, aluminum tungsten master alloys, metal indium ingots, aluminum titanium boron master alloys, aluminum beryllium master alloys, iron ingots and rare earth aluminum master alloys, wherein the rare earth aluminum master alloy is prepared by mixing aluminum praseodymium master alloys, aluminum neodymium master alloys and aluminum europium master alloys in a weight ratio of 3:2:4;

[0065] Step (2), placing aluminum ingots, copper ingots, aluminum silicon master alloys, metal zinc ingots, aluminum hafnium master alloys, aluminum zirconium master alloys, aluminum cobalt master alloys, aluminum tungsten master alloys, metal indium ingots, aluminum beryllium master alloys, iron ingots, aluminum praseodymium master alloys, aluminum neodymium master alloys, and aluminum europium master alloys into a melting furnace, heating and melting them, and performing a first stage of heat preservation melting at 840°C; because some elements in the alloy composition have a specific gravity much higher than that of aluminum, the aluminum alloy liquid is stirred during the melting process, and the aluminum alloy liquid is stirred during the melting process to avoid the sedimentation of elements with higher density, so as to keep the chemical composition of each part of the liquid uniform; after the first batch of furnace materials is melted and stirred for a period of time, the furnace temperature is lowered to 745°C, and a metal magnesium ingot is added to the aluminum alloy liquid, and a second stage of heat preservation melting is performed at 745°C, and after it is completely melted, it is stirred until the composition is uniform, and the furnace temperature is still maintained and stirred during the melting process to make the chemical composition of each part of the alloy liquid uniform; the second stage of melting is performed for a period of time After a while, a small amount is taken out from the high-temperature aluminum alloy liquid for chemical composition analysis, and whether to adjust the composition is determined according to the analysis results. If the composition is deviated, the composition is adjusted and sampled again for analysis until the analysis indicators of each element reach the expected indicators; all elements of the enhanced lightweight aluminum alloy material reach the expected indicators and meet the following weight percentages: Si: 0.58%, Cu: 0.65%, Mn: 1.22%, Mg: 0.96%, Zn: 0.23%, Hf: 0.19%, Zr: 0.10%, Co: 0.17%, W: 0.21%, In: 0.018%, Ti: 0.03%, B: 0.006%, Be: 0.0011%, Pr: 0.25%, Nd: 0.36%, Eu: 0.18%, Fe: 0.14%, other unavoidable single impurity elements ≤ 0.03%, the total amount of impurity elements ≤ 0.15%, and the balance is aluminum;

[0066] Step (3), using a mixed gas of 60% of 99.999% high-purity argon, 37% of 99.999% high-purity nitrogen, and 3% of 99.999% high-purity chlorine to perform a refining treatment on the aluminum alloy liquid in the furnace, the refining treatment temperature is 745°C, the primary refining treatment time is 60 minutes, and then the slag in the furnace is fished out, and after the refining is completed, sampling and analysis are performed again. If the composition is still within the expected index range, no treatment is required to enter the next process; if the composition deviates, the composition is adjusted and sampling and analysis are performed again, and secondary refining and slag removal are performed. The secondary refining treatment time is 20 minutes. After the refining is completed, the floating slag is fished out and the aluminum alloy liquid is allowed to stand until all elements reach the expected index before entering the next process;

[0067] Step (4), releasing the aluminum alloy liquid from the bottom of the furnace for casting, entering the double-stage filter box through the flow channel, and then entering the casting mold plate, adding aluminum-titanium-boron intermediate alloy wire to the aluminum alloy liquid after entering the flow channel for grain refinement, and the aluminum alloy liquid undergoes double-stage filtration, the first-stage filter plate of the filter box is 80 mesh, and the second-stage filter plate is 60 mesh, and then the aluminum alloy liquid enters the casting mold plate to keep its temperature at 700°C for semi-continuous casting, the crystallizer sinking speed is 108mm / min, and the casting obtains a rod-shaped ingot with a diameter of 178mm;

[0068] Step (5), placing the rod-shaped ingot into an aluminum rod heating furnace for heating, controlling the temperature at 535° C. and keeping the temperature for 7 hours before starting hot extrusion processing, then cutting a certain length of the ingot into a press for extrusion processing, the extrusion speed being 10 m / min, and after extrusion, forming aluminum tubes, aluminum rods or aluminum plate materials of different shapes with cross-sectional dimensions of: Ф113mm×2.8mm, Ф100mm×2.0mm, Ф80mm×2.0mm, Ф48mm×1.8mm, Ф30mm×1.6mm, 300mm×6.0mm, 60mm×3mm, thereby obtaining aluminum alloy profiles of desired shape and length;

[0069] Step (6), placing the extruded aluminum alloy profile into an aging furnace for artificial aging treatment, the artificial aging temperature is 185° C., and the insulation time is 8 hours. After the artificial aging treatment is completed, the desired enhanced lightweight aluminum alloy material is obtained.

[0070] In the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the aluminum alloy profile prepared in this embodiment can be used to process an aluminum alloy lamp pole, wherein the lamp pole includes components such as a lamp pole main body pipe, an arm pipe, a base plate, and a base reinforcement plate. The enhanced lightweight aluminum alloy material prepared in this embodiment specifically includes the following steps:

[0071] Step (11), cutting, assembling and welding the prepared aluminum alloy lamp pole profiles of the required shape and length to form a lamp pole main body pipe, an arm pipe, a base plate and a base reinforcement plate; the lamp pole main body pipe is mainly composed of a lower lamp pole and an upper lamp pole, wherein a plurality of middle lamp poles are connected in series between the lower lamp pole and the upper lamp pole;

[0072] Step (12), formulating the processing technology of the lamp pole according to the height of the lamp pole, and adopting a three-section assembly method when the lamp pole is higher than 8m;

[0073] Step (13), one end of the main tube of the lamp pole with the largest diameter is subjected to tube shrinkage processing, and the other end is assembled with the base plate and the base reinforcement plate and laser welded to firmly form the lower lamp pole component; one end of the middle lamp pole is subjected to tube shrinkage processing according to the size of the connected tube; the upper lamp pole does not need to be subjected to tube shrinkage processing; the arm tubes of different specifications are assembled and laser welded to form the lamp pole arm;

[0074] Step (14), covering the connection surfaces of the manufactured lower lamp pole, middle lamp pole, upper lamp pole, and lamp pole support arm with a high temperature resistant plastic film and then performing electrostatic spraying treatment to manufacture lamp pole components with the desired color and appearance and then packaging;

[0075] Step (15), transporting the lamp pole components to the installation site for assembly as required, connecting different parts of the lamp pole with bolts, installing lamps and powering on to obtain an aluminum lamp pole;

[0076] In the present invention, the process of making an 8m high lamp pole is as follows:

[0077] (a) The prepared 113 mm × 2.8 mm tube is cut into 3.1 m lengths, one end is reduced to form a 96 mm connector, and the excess part of the connector is cut and removed to keep the length of the reduced part at about 100 mm for connection with the upper lamp pole. The plate with a cross section of 300 mm × 6.0 mm is cut into 300 mm × 6.0 mm × 300 mm, and spliced ​​with the 113 mm × 2.8 mm tube and welded firmly by laser welding. The plate with a cross section of 60 mm × 3 mm is cut into blocks of appropriate size for use as a reinforcing plate between the base and the tube, and is welded firmly by laser welding to form the lower lamp pole component;

[0078] (b) Cut a 100 mm × 2.0 mm tube into a length of 3.1 m, shrink one end of the tube to make a 76 mm connector, and cut off the excess part of the connector to keep the length of the shrink part at about 100 mm, which is used to connect with the upper lamp pole component to make the middle lamp pole component;

[0079] (c) Cut the Ø80mm×1.8mm tube into 2m lengths, cut the 60mm×3mm plate into 76mm diameter discs, and weld them firmly with laser welding to make the upper part of the lamp pole.

[0080] (d) Cut the Φ45mm×1.8mm tube into 1.5m lengths, and cut the Φ30mm*1.6mm tube into 1.2m lengths, and weld the two together by laser welding to form a lamp pole arm component for installing lamps;

[0081] (e) Covering the connection surfaces of the lower lamp pole component, the middle lamp pole component, the upper lamp pole component, the lamp pole arm component and other components with a high temperature resistant plastic film, performing electrostatic spraying treatment, obtaining components with the required color coating and properly packaging;

[0082] (f) The light pole components are transported to the installation site for assembly as required. The different parts of the light pole are connected with bolts. After the lamps are installed and powered on, an 8-height aluminum light pole is obtained.

[0083] Example 3

[0084] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for preparing a reinforced lightweight aluminum alloy material is provided, and the method for preparing the aluminum alloy material comprises the following steps:

[0085] Step (1), calculating and weighing aluminum alloy raw materials according to the mass percentage of the chemical composition of the alloy: Si, Cu, Mn, Mg, Zn, Hf, Zr, Co, W, In, Ti, B, Be, Pr, Nd, Eu, Fe and Al; wherein the enhanced lightweight aluminum alloy material is prepared by melting, refining, refining, casting and extrusion molding of aluminum ingots, copper ingots, aluminum silicon master alloys, metal magnesium ingots, metal zinc ingots, aluminum hafnium master alloys, aluminum zirconium master alloys, aluminum cobalt master alloys, aluminum tungsten master alloys, metal indium ingots, aluminum titanium boron master alloys, aluminum beryllium master alloys, iron ingots and rare earth aluminum master alloys to obtain rare earth aluminum alloy materials, wherein the rare earth aluminum master alloy is prepared by proportioning aluminum praseodymium master alloys, aluminum neodymium master alloys and aluminum europium master alloys, and the rare earth aluminum master alloys are respectively prepared by weight ratios of 3:1:5 for aluminum praseodymium master alloys, aluminum neodymium master alloys and aluminum europium master alloys;

[0086] Step (2), placing aluminum ingots, copper ingots, aluminum silicon master alloys, metal zinc ingots, aluminum hafnium master alloys, aluminum zirconium master alloys, aluminum cobalt master alloys, aluminum tungsten master alloys, metal indium ingots, aluminum beryllium master alloys, iron ingots, aluminum praseodymium master alloys, aluminum neodymium master alloys, and aluminum europium master alloys into a melting furnace, heating and melting them, and performing a first stage of heat preservation melting at 830°C; because some elements in the alloy composition have a specific gravity much higher than that of aluminum, the aluminum alloy liquid is stirred during the melting process, and the aluminum alloy liquid is stirred during the melting process to avoid the sedimentation of elements with higher density, so as to keep the chemical composition of each part of the liquid uniform; after the first batch of furnace materials is heat-insulated and melted and stirred for a period of time, the furnace temperature is lowered to 735°C, and a metal magnesium ingot is added to the aluminum alloy liquid, and a second stage of heat preservation melting is performed at 735°C, and after it is completely melted, it is stirred until the composition is uniform, and the furnace temperature is still maintained and stirred during the melting process to make the chemical composition of each part of the alloy liquid uniform; the second stage of melting After smelting for a period of time, a small amount is taken out from the high-temperature aluminum alloy liquid for chemical composition analysis, and whether to adjust the composition is determined according to the analysis results. If the composition is deviated, the composition is adjusted and sampled again for analysis until the analysis index of each element reaches the expected index; all elements of the aluminum alloy material reach the expected index and meet the following weight percentages: Si: 0.55%, Cu: 0.36%, Mn: 0.98%, Mg: 0.97%, Zn: 0.39%, Hf: 0.23%, Zr: 0.11%, Co: 0.22%, W: 0.16%, In: 0.08%, Ti: 0.05%, B: 0.01%, Be: 0.0009%, Pr: 0.19%, Nd: 0.37%, Eu: 0.28%, Fe: 0.12%, other unavoidable single impurity elements ≤ 0.03%, the total amount of impurity elements ≤ 0.15%, and the balance is aluminum;

[0087] Step (3), using a mixed gas of 60% of 99.999% high-purity argon, 37% of 99.999% high-purity nitrogen, and 3% of 99.999% high-purity chlorine to perform a refining treatment on the aluminum alloy liquid in the furnace, the refining treatment temperature is 735°C, the primary refining treatment time is 60 minutes, and then the slag in the furnace is fished out, and after the refining is completed, sampling and analysis are performed again. If the composition is still within the expected index range, no treatment is required to enter the next process; if the composition deviates, the composition is adjusted and sampling and analysis are performed again, and secondary refining and slag removal are performed. The secondary refining treatment time is 20 minutes. After the refining is completed, the floating slag is fished out and the aluminum alloy liquid is allowed to stand until all elements reach the expected index before entering the next process;

[0088] Step (4), releasing the aluminum alloy liquid from the bottom of the furnace for casting, entering the double-stage filter box through the flow channel, and then entering the casting mold plate, adding aluminum-titanium-boron intermediate alloy wire to the aluminum alloy liquid after entering the flow channel for grain refinement, and the aluminum alloy liquid undergoes double-stage filtration treatment, the first-stage filter plate of the filter box is 80 mesh, and the second-stage filter plate is 60 mesh, and then the aluminum alloy liquid enters the casting mold plate to keep its temperature at 690° C. for semi-continuous casting, and the crystallizer sinking speed is 115 mm / min, and a rod-shaped ingot with a diameter of 178 mm is cast;

[0089] Step (5), placing the rod-shaped ingot into an aluminum rod heating furnace for heating, controlling the temperature at 550° C. and keeping the temperature for 7 hours before starting hot extrusion processing, then cutting a certain length of the ingot into a press for extrusion processing, the extrusion speed is 6 m / min, and after extrusion, aluminum tubes, aluminum rods, aluminum plates and other aluminum alloy profiles of different shapes with cross-sectional dimensions of Ф113mm×3.0mm, Ф80mm×2.0mm, Ф48mm×1.8mm, Ф30mm×1.6mm, 300mm*6.0mm, 60mm*3mm are formed, thereby obtaining aluminum alloy profiles of desired shape and length;

[0090] Step (6), placing the extruded aluminum alloy profile into an aging furnace for artificial aging treatment, the artificial aging temperature is 185° C., the heat preservation time is 8 hours, and after the artificial aging treatment is completed, the desired enhanced lightweight aluminum alloy material is obtained;

[0091] In the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the aluminum alloy lamp pole can be made of aluminum alloy profiles, and the lamp pole includes components such as a lamp pole main body pipe, an arm pipe, a base plate, and a base reinforcement plate. When the enhanced lightweight aluminum alloy material obtained in this embodiment is used to manufacture the aluminum alloy lamp pole, the following steps are specifically included:

[0092] Step (11), cutting, assembling and welding the prepared reinforced lightweight aluminum alloy material of the required shape and length to form a lamp pole main body pipe, an arm pipe, a base plate and a base reinforcement plate; the lamp pole main body pipe is mainly composed of a lower lamp pole and an upper lamp pole, wherein a plurality of middle lamp poles are connected in series between the lower lamp pole and the upper lamp pole;

[0093] Step (12), formulating the processing technology of the lamp pole according to the height of the lamp pole, if the lamp pole is lower than 8 meters, then a two-stage assembly is adopted; if the lamp pole is higher than 8 meters, then a three-stage assembly is adopted;

[0094] Step (13), one end of the main tube of the lamp pole with the largest diameter is subjected to tube shrinkage processing, and the other end is assembled with the base plate and the base reinforcement plate and laser welded to firmly form the lower lamp pole component; one end of the middle lamp pole is subjected to tube shrinkage processing according to the size of the connected tube; the upper lamp pole does not need to be subjected to tube shrinkage processing; the arm tubes of different specifications are assembled and laser welded to form the lamp pole arm;

[0095] Step (14), covering the connection surfaces of the manufactured lower lamp pole, middle lamp pole, upper lamp pole, and lamp pole support arm with a high temperature resistant plastic film and then performing electrostatic spraying treatment to manufacture lamp pole components with the desired color and appearance and then packaging;

[0096] Step (15), transporting the lamp pole components to the installation site for assembly as required, connecting different parts of the lamp pole with bolts, installing lamps and powering on to obtain an aluminum lamp pole;

[0097] In the present invention, the process of making a 10m high lamp pole is as follows:

[0098] (a) The prepared 113 mm × 3.0 mm tube is cut into 3.1 m lengths, one end is reduced to form a 96 mm connector, and the excess part of the connector is cut and removed to keep the length of the reduced part at about 100 mm for connection with the upper lamp pole. The plate with a cross section of 300 mm × 6.0 mm is cut into 300 mm × 6.0 mm × 300 mm, and spliced ​​with the 113 mm × 3.0 mm tube and welded firmly by laser welding. The plate with a cross section of 60 mm × 3 mm is cut into blocks of appropriate size for use as a reinforcing plate between the base and the tube, and is welded firmly by laser welding to form the lower lamp pole component;

[0099] (b) Cut a 100 mm × 2.0 mm tube into a length of 3.1 m, shrink one end of the tube to make a 76 mm connector, and cut off the excess part of the connector to keep the length of the shrink part at about 100 mm, which is used to connect with the upper lamp pole component to make the middle lamp pole component;

[0100] (c) Cut a Ø80 mm × 1.8 mm tube into 4 m lengths, seal one end with a 76 mm diameter disc cut from a Ø60 mm × 3 mm plate, and weld it securely by laser welding to form an upper lamp pole component;

[0101] (d) Cut the Φ48mm×1.8mm tube into 1.5m lengths, and cut the Φ30mm×1.6mm tube into 1.2m lengths, and weld the two together by laser welding to form a lamp pole arm component for mounting lamps;

[0102] (e) Covering the connection surfaces of the lower lamp pole component, the middle lamp pole component, the upper lamp pole component, the lamp pole arm component, etc. with a high temperature resistant plastic film, performing electrostatic spraying treatment, obtaining components with the required color coating and properly packaging;

[0103] (f) The light pole components are transported to the installation site for assembly as required. Different parts of the light pole are connected with bolts. After the lamps are installed and powered on, a 10m high aluminum light pole is obtained.

[0104] Example 4

[0105] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for preparing a reinforced lightweight aluminum alloy material is provided, and the method for preparing the aluminum alloy material comprises the following steps:

[0106] Step (1), calculating and weighing aluminum alloy raw materials according to the mass percentage of the chemical composition of the alloy: Si, Cu, Mn, Mg, Zn, Hf, Zr, Co, W, In, Ti, B, Be, Pr, Nd, Eu, Fe and Al; wherein the enhanced lightweight aluminum alloy material is prepared by melting, refining, refining, casting and extrusion molding of aluminum ingots, copper ingots, aluminum silicon master alloys, metal magnesium ingots, metal zinc ingots, aluminum hafnium master alloys, aluminum zirconium master alloys, aluminum cobalt master alloys, aluminum tungsten master alloys, metal indium ingots, aluminum titanium boron master alloys, aluminum beryllium master alloys, iron ingots and rare earth aluminum master alloys, wherein the rare earth aluminum master alloy is prepared by proportioning aluminum praseodymium master alloys, aluminum neodymium master alloys and aluminum europium master alloys, and the rare earth aluminum master alloys are respectively prepared by weight ratios of 4:1:5 for aluminum praseodymium master alloys, aluminum neodymium master alloys and aluminum europium master alloys;

[0107] Step (2), placing aluminum ingots, copper ingots, aluminum silicon master alloys, metal zinc ingots, aluminum hafnium master alloys, aluminum zirconium master alloys, aluminum cobalt master alloys, aluminum tungsten master alloys, metal indium ingots, aluminum beryllium master alloys, iron ingots, aluminum praseodymium master alloys, aluminum neodymium master alloys, and aluminum europium master alloys into a melting furnace, heating and melting them, and performing a first stage of heat preservation melting at 760° C.; because some elements in the alloy composition have a specific gravity much higher than that of aluminum, the aluminum alloy liquid is stirred during the melting process, and the aluminum alloy liquid is stirred during the melting process to avoid the sedimentation of elements with higher density, so as to keep the chemical composition of each part of the liquid uniform; after the first batch of furnace materials is heat-insulated and melted and stirred for a period of time, the furnace temperature is lowered to 720° C., a metal magnesium ingot is added to the aluminum alloy liquid, and a second stage of heat preservation melting is performed at 720° C., and after it is completely melted, it is stirred until the composition is uniform, and the furnace temperature is still maintained and stirred during the melting process to make the chemical composition of each part of the alloy liquid uniform; After a period of smelting in the second stage, a small amount is taken out from the high-temperature aluminum alloy liquid for chemical composition analysis, and it is decided whether to adjust the composition according to the analysis results. If the composition deviates, the composition is adjusted and sampled again for analysis until the analysis indicators of each element reach the expected indicators; all elements of the enhanced lightweight aluminum alloy material reach the expected indicators and meet the following weight percentages: Si: 0.2%, Cu: 1.0%, Mn: 1.4%, Mg: 1.6%, Zn: 0.6%, Hf: 0.4%, Zr: 0.3%, Co: 0.4%, W: 0.4%, In: 0.4%, Ti: 0.5%, B: 0.03%, Be: 0.003%, Pr: 0.6%, Nd: 0.6%, Eu: 0.8%, Fe: 0.3%, other unavoidable single impurity elements ≤ 0.03%, the total amount of impurity elements ≤ 0.15%, and the balance is aluminum;

[0108] Step (3), using a mixed gas of 60% of 99.999% high-purity argon, 37% of 99.999% high-purity nitrogen, and 3% of 99.999% high-purity chlorine to perform a refining treatment on the aluminum alloy liquid in the furnace, the refining treatment temperature is 720°C, the primary refining treatment time is 60 minutes, and then the slag in the furnace is fished out, and after the refining is completed, sampling and analysis are performed again. If the composition is still within the expected index range, no treatment is required to enter the next process; if the composition deviates, the composition is adjusted and sampling and analysis are performed again, and secondary refining and slag removal are performed. The secondary refining treatment time is 30 minutes. After the refining is completed, the floating slag is fished out and the aluminum alloy liquid is allowed to stand until all elements reach the expected index before entering the next process;

[0109] Step (4), releasing the aluminum alloy liquid from the bottom of the furnace for casting, entering the double-stage filter box through the flow channel, and then entering the casting mold plate. When the aluminum alloy liquid enters the flow channel, aluminum-titanium-boron intermediate alloy wire is added thereto for grain refinement. The aluminum alloy liquid undergoes double-stage filtration treatment, the first-stage filter plate of the filter box is 80 mesh, and the second-stage filter plate is 60 mesh. Then, the aluminum alloy liquid enters the casting mold plate and its temperature is maintained at 640° C. for semi-continuous casting. The crystallizer sinks at a speed of 250 mm / min to obtain a rod-shaped ingot with a diameter of 178 mm.

[0110] Step (5), placing the rod-shaped ingot into an aluminum rod heating furnace for heating, controlling the temperature at 500° C. and keeping the temperature for 10 hours before starting hot extrusion processing, then cutting a certain length of the ingot into a press for extrusion processing, the extrusion speed is 3 m / min, and after extrusion, forming aluminum tubes, aluminum rods or aluminum plate materials of different shapes with cross-sectional dimensions of Ф113mm×2.5mm, Ф80mm×1.8mm, Ф48mm×1.8mm, Ф30mm×1.6mm, 250mm×6.0mm, 60mm×3mm, thereby obtaining aluminum alloy profiles of desired shape and length;

[0111] Step (6), placing the extruded aluminum alloy profile into an aging furnace for artificial aging treatment, the artificial aging temperature is 150° C., the heat preservation time is 16 hours, and after the artificial aging treatment is completed, the desired enhanced lightweight aluminum alloy material is obtained;

[0112] In the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, aluminum alloy lamp poles can be made using aluminum alloy profiles, and the lamp poles include components such as lamp pole main body pipes, support arm pipes, base plates, and base reinforcement plates; when the enhanced lightweight aluminum alloy material obtained in this embodiment is used to manufacture aluminum alloy lamp poles, the specific steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0113] Example 5

[0114] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for preparing a reinforced lightweight aluminum alloy material is provided, and the method for preparing the aluminum alloy material comprises the following steps:

[0115] Step (1), calculating and weighing aluminum alloy raw materials according to the mass percentage of the chemical composition of the alloy: Si, Cu, Mn, Mg, Zn, Hf, Zr, Co, W, In, Ti, B, Be, Pr, Nd, Eu, Fe and Al; wherein the enhanced lightweight aluminum alloy material is prepared by melting, refining, refining, casting and extrusion molding processes of aluminum ingots, copper ingots, aluminum silicon master alloys, metal magnesium ingots, metal zinc ingots, aluminum hafnium master alloys, aluminum zirconium master alloys, aluminum cobalt master alloys, aluminum tungsten master alloys, metal indium ingots, aluminum titanium boron master alloys, aluminum beryllium master alloys, iron ingots and rare earth aluminum master alloys, wherein the rare earth aluminum master alloy is prepared by proportioning aluminum praseodymium master alloys, aluminum neodymium master alloys and aluminum europium master alloys, and the rare earth aluminum master alloys are respectively prepared by weight ratios of 3:3:5 for aluminum praseodymium master alloys, aluminum neodymium master alloys and aluminum europium master alloys;

[0116] Step (2), placing aluminum ingots, copper ingots, aluminum silicon master alloys, metal zinc ingots, aluminum hafnium master alloys, aluminum zirconium master alloys, aluminum cobalt master alloys, aluminum tungsten master alloys, metal indium ingots, aluminum beryllium master alloys, iron ingots, aluminum praseodymium master alloys, aluminum neodymium master alloys, and aluminum europium master alloys into a melting furnace, heating and melting them, and performing a first stage of heat preservation melting at 860°C; because the specific gravity of some elements in the alloy composition is much higher than that of aluminum, the aluminum alloy liquid is stirred during the melting process, and the aluminum alloy liquid is stirred during the melting process to avoid the sedimentation of elements with higher density, so as to keep the chemical composition of each part of the liquid uniform; after the first batch of furnace materials is heat-insulated and melted and stirred for a period of time, the furnace temperature is lowered to 800°C, a metal magnesium ingot is added to the aluminum alloy liquid, and a second stage of heat preservation melting is performed at 800°C, and after it is completely melted, it is stirred until the composition is uniform, and the furnace temperature is still maintained and stirred during the melting process to make the chemical composition of each part of the alloy liquid uniform; the second stage After a period of stage smelting, a small amount is taken out from the high-temperature aluminum alloy liquid for chemical composition analysis, and whether to adjust the composition is determined according to the analysis results. If the composition is deviated, the composition is adjusted and sampled again for analysis until the analysis index of each element reaches the expected index; all elements of the aluminum alloy material meet the expected index and meet the following weight percentages: Si: 0.8%, Cu: 0.2%, Mn: 0.2%, Mg: 0.5%, Zn: 0.06%, Hf: 0.02%, Zr: 0.03%, Co: 0.02%, W: 0.02%, In: 0.01%, Ti: 0.01%, B: 0.003%, Be: 0.0003%, Pr: 0.02%, Nd: 0.01%, Eu: 0.02%, Fe: 0.2%, other unavoidable single impurity elements ≤ 0.03%, the total amount of impurity elements ≤ 0.15%, and the balance is aluminum;

[0117] Step (3), using a mixed gas of 60% 99.999% high-purity argon, 37% 99.999% high-purity nitrogen, and 3% 99.999% high-purity chlorine to perform a refining treatment on the aluminum alloy liquid in the furnace, the refining treatment temperature is 800°C, the primary refining treatment time is 30 minutes, and then the slag in the furnace is fished out, and after the refining is completed, sampling and analysis are performed again. If the composition is still within the expected index range, no treatment is required to enter the next process; if the composition deviates, the composition is adjusted and sampling and analysis are performed again, and secondary refining and slag removal are performed. The secondary refining treatment time is 15 minutes. After the refining is completed, the floating slag is fished out and the aluminum alloy liquid is allowed to stand until all elements reach the expected index before entering the next process;

[0118] Step (4), releasing the aluminum alloy liquid from the bottom of the furnace for casting, entering the double-stage filter box through the flow channel, and then entering the casting mold plate, adding aluminum-titanium-boron intermediate alloy wire to the aluminum alloy liquid after entering the flow channel for grain refinement, and the aluminum alloy liquid undergoes double-stage filtration treatment, the first-stage filter plate of the filter box is 80 mesh, and the second-stage filter plate is 60 mesh, and then the aluminum alloy liquid enters the casting mold plate to keep its temperature at 720°C for semi-continuous casting, the crystallizer sinking speed is 50 mm / min, and the casting obtains a rod-shaped ingot with a diameter of 178 mm;

[0119] Step (5), placing the rod-shaped ingot into an aluminum rod heating furnace for heating, controlling the temperature at 600° C. and keeping the temperature for 4 hours before starting hot extrusion processing, then cutting a certain length of the ingot into a press for extrusion processing, the extrusion speed is 3 m / min, and after extrusion, aluminum tubes, aluminum rods, aluminum plates and other aluminum alloy profiles of different shapes with cross-sectional dimensions of Ф113mm×2.8mm, Ф100mm×2.0mm, Ф80mm×2.0mm, Ф48mm×1.8mm, Ф30mm×1.6mm, 300mm×6.0mm, 60mm×3mm are made, thereby obtaining aluminum alloy profiles of required shape and length;

[0120] Step (6), placing the extruded profile into an aging furnace for artificial aging treatment, the artificial aging temperature is 220° C., the heat preservation time is 3 hours, and after the artificial aging treatment is completed, the desired enhanced lightweight aluminum alloy material is obtained;

[0121] In the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, aluminum alloy lamp poles can be made using aluminum alloy profiles. The lamp poles include lamp pole main body pipes, support arm pipes, base plates, base reinforcement plates and other components. When the enhanced lightweight aluminum alloy material obtained in this embodiment is used to manufacture aluminum alloy lamp poles, the specific steps are the same as those in Example 2.

[0122] Example 6

[0123] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for preparing a reinforced lightweight aluminum alloy material is provided, and the method for preparing the aluminum alloy material comprises the following steps:

[0124] Step (1), calculating and weighing aluminum alloy raw materials according to the mass percentage of the chemical composition of the alloy: Si, Cu, Mn, Mg, Zn, Hf, Zr, Co, W, In, Ti, B, Be, Pr, Nd, Eu, Fe and Al; Si in the aluminum alloy material is an aluminum silicon master alloy, Al is an aluminum ingot, Cu is a copper ingot, Mg is a metal magnesium ingot, Zn is a metal zinc ingot, Hf is an aluminum hafnium master alloy, Zr is an aluminum zirconium master alloy, Co is an aluminum cobalt master alloy, W is an aluminum tungsten master alloy, In is a metal indium ingot, Ti and B are made of an aluminum titanium boron master alloy, Be is an aluminum beryllium master alloy, Fe is an iron ingot, Pr, Nd and Eu are made of a rare earth aluminum master alloy, and the like. The reinforced lightweight aluminum alloy material is prepared from aluminum ingots, copper ingots, aluminum silicon master alloys, metal magnesium ingots, metal zinc ingots, aluminum hafnium master alloys, aluminum zirconium master alloys, aluminum cobalt master alloys, aluminum tungsten master alloys, metal indium ingots, aluminum titanium boron master alloys, aluminum beryllium master alloys, iron ingots and rare earth aluminum master alloys through melting, refining, refinement, casting and extrusion molding processes to obtain rare earth aluminum alloy materials, wherein the rare earth aluminum master alloy is prepared from aluminum praseodymium master alloys, aluminum neodymium master alloys and aluminum europium master alloys in proportion, and the rare earth aluminum master alloys are respectively prepared from aluminum praseodymium master alloys, aluminum neodymium master alloys and aluminum europium master alloys in a weight ratio of 3:2:4;

[0125] Step (2), placing aluminum ingots, copper ingots, aluminum silicon master alloys, metal zinc ingots, aluminum hafnium master alloys, aluminum zirconium master alloys, aluminum cobalt master alloys, aluminum tungsten master alloys, metal indium ingots, aluminum beryllium master alloys, iron ingots, aluminum praseodymium master alloys, aluminum neodymium master alloys, and aluminum europium master alloys into a melting furnace, heating and melting them, and performing a first stage of heat preservation melting at 840°C; because some elements in the alloy composition have a specific gravity much higher than that of aluminum, the aluminum alloy liquid is stirred during the melting process, and the aluminum alloy liquid is stirred during the melting process to avoid the sedimentation of elements with higher density, so as to keep the chemical composition of each part of the liquid uniform; after the first batch of furnace materials is heat-insulated and melted and stirred for a period of time, the furnace temperature is lowered to 780°C, a metal magnesium ingot is added to the aluminum alloy liquid, and a second stage of heat preservation melting is performed at 780°C, and after it is completely melted, it is stirred until the composition is uniform, and the furnace temperature is still maintained and stirred during the melting process to make the chemical composition of each part of the alloy liquid uniform. ; After a period of smelting in the second stage, a small amount is taken out from the high-temperature aluminum alloy liquid for chemical composition analysis, and it is decided whether to adjust the composition according to the analysis results. If the composition deviates, the composition is adjusted and sampled again for analysis until the analysis indicators of each element reach the expected indicators; all elements of the aluminum alloy material meet the expected indicators and meet the following weight percentages: Si: 0.5%, Cu: 0.8%, Mn: 1.2%, Mg: 1.4%, Zn: 0.4%, Hf: 0.3%, Zr: 0.25%, Co: 0.3%, W: 0.32%, In: 0.3%, Ti: 0.2%, B: 0.02%, Be: 0.0015%, Pr: 0.5%, Nd: 0.5%, Eu: 0.4%, Fe: 0.2%, other unavoidable single impurity elements ≤ 0.03%, the total amount of impurity elements ≤ 0.15%, and the balance is aluminum;

[0126] Step (3), using a mixed gas of 60% of 99.999% high-purity argon, 37% of 99.999% high-purity nitrogen, and 3% of 99.999% high-purity chlorine to perform a refining treatment on the aluminum alloy liquid in the furnace, the refining treatment temperature is 780°C, the primary refining treatment time is 50 minutes, and then the slag in the furnace is fished out, and after the refining is completed, sampling and analysis are performed again. If the composition is still within the expected index range, no treatment is required to enter the next process; if the composition deviates, the composition is adjusted and sampling and analysis are performed again, and secondary refining and slag removal are performed. The secondary refining treatment time is 25 minutes. After the refining is completed, the floating slag is fished out and the aluminum alloy liquid is allowed to stand until all elements reach the expected index before entering the next process;

[0127] Step (4), releasing the aluminum alloy liquid from the bottom of the furnace for casting, entering the double-stage filter box through the flow channel, and then entering the casting mold plate, adding aluminum-titanium-boron intermediate alloy wire to the aluminum alloy liquid after entering the flow channel for grain refinement, and the aluminum alloy liquid undergoes double-stage filtration treatment, the first-stage filter plate of the filter box is 80 mesh, and the second-stage filter plate is 60 mesh, and then the aluminum alloy liquid enters the casting mold plate to keep its temperature at 700°C for semi-continuous casting, the crystallizer sinking speed is 220 mm / min, and the casting obtains a rod-shaped ingot with a diameter of 178 mm;

[0128] Step (5), placing the rod-shaped ingot into an aluminum rod heating furnace for heating, controlling the temperature at 580° C. and keeping the temperature for 5 hours before starting hot extrusion processing, then cutting a certain length of the ingot into a press for extrusion processing, the extrusion speed is 9 m / min, and after extrusion, aluminum tubes, aluminum rods, aluminum plates and other aluminum alloy profiles of different shapes with cross-sectional dimensions of Ф113mm×3.0mm, Ф80mm×2.0mm, Ф48mm×1.8mm, Ф30mm×1.6mm, 300mm*6.0mm, 60mm*3mm are formed, thereby obtaining aluminum alloy profiles of desired shape and length;

[0129] Step (6), placing the extruded aluminum alloy profile into an aging furnace for artificial aging treatment, the artificial aging temperature is 210° C., the heat preservation time is 13 h, and after the artificial aging treatment is completed, the desired enhanced lightweight aluminum alloy material is obtained;

[0130] In the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, aluminum alloy profiles can be used to make aluminum alloy lamp poles, and the aluminum alloy lamp poles include lamp pole main body pipes, support arm pipes, base plates, base reinforcement plates and other components; when the enhanced lightweight aluminum alloy material obtained in this embodiment is used to manufacture aluminum alloy lamp poles, the specific steps are the same as those in Example 3.

[0131] Example 7

[0132] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for preparing a reinforced lightweight aluminum alloy material is provided, and the method for preparing the aluminum alloy material comprises the following steps:

[0133] Step (1), calculating and weighing aluminum alloy raw materials according to the mass percentage of the chemical composition of the alloy: Si, Cu, Mn, Mg, Zn, Hf, Zr, Co, W, In, Ti, B, Be, Pr, Nd, Eu, Fe and Al; wherein the enhanced rare earth aluminum alloy material is prepared by melting, refining, refining, casting and extrusion molding of aluminum ingots, copper ingots, aluminum silicon master alloys, metal magnesium ingots, metal zinc ingots, aluminum hafnium master alloys, aluminum zirconium master alloys, aluminum cobalt master alloys, aluminum tungsten master alloys, metal indium ingots, aluminum titanium boron master alloys, aluminum beryllium master alloys, iron ingots and rare earth aluminum master alloys, wherein the rare earth aluminum master alloy is prepared by proportioning aluminum praseodymium master alloys, aluminum neodymium master alloys and aluminum europium master alloys, and the rare earth aluminum master alloys are respectively prepared by weight ratios of 3:1:5 for aluminum praseodymium master alloys, aluminum neodymium master alloys and aluminum europium master alloys;

[0134] Step (2), placing aluminum ingots, copper ingots, aluminum silicon master alloys, metal zinc ingots, aluminum hafnium master alloys, aluminum zirconium master alloys, aluminum cobalt master alloys, aluminum tungsten master alloys, metal indium ingots, aluminum beryllium master alloys, iron ingots, aluminum praseodymium master alloys, aluminum neodymium master alloys, and aluminum europium master alloys into a melting furnace, heating and melting them, and performing a first stage of heat preservation melting at 830°C; because some elements in the alloy composition have a specific gravity much higher than that of aluminum, the aluminum alloy liquid is stirred during the melting process, and the aluminum alloy liquid is stirred during the melting process to avoid the sedimentation of elements with higher density, so as to keep the chemical composition of each part of the liquid uniform; after the first batch of furnace materials is heat-insulated and melted and stirred for a period of time, the furnace temperature is lowered to 790°C, and a metal magnesium ingot is added to the aluminum alloy liquid, and a second stage of heat preservation melting is performed at 790°C, and after it is completely melted, it is stirred until the composition is uniform, and the furnace temperature is still maintained and stirred during the melting process to make the chemical composition of each part of the alloy liquid uniform; the second stage of melting After smelting for a period of time, a small amount is taken out from the high-temperature aluminum alloy liquid for chemical composition analysis, and it is decided whether to adjust the composition according to the analysis results. If the composition is deviated, the composition is adjusted and sampled again for analysis until the analysis index of each element reaches the expected index; all elements of the enhanced lightweight aluminum alloy material reach the expected index and meet the following weight percentages: Si: 0.7%, Cu: 0.4%, Mn: 0.4%, Mg: 0.5%, Zn: 0.1%, Hf: 0.04%, Zr: 0.05%, Co: 0.04%, W: 0.04%, In: 0.02%, Ti: 0.02%, B: 0.004%, Be: 0.0005%, Pr: 0.06%, Nd: 0.04%, Eu: 0.05%, Fe: 0.1%, other unavoidable single impurity elements ≤ 0.03%, the total amount of impurity elements ≤ 0.15%, and the balance is aluminum;

[0135] Step (3), using a mixed gas of 60% of 99.999% high-purity argon, 37% of 99.999% high-purity nitrogen, and 3% of 99.999% high-purity chlorine to perform a refining treatment on the aluminum alloy liquid in the furnace, the refining treatment temperature is 790°C, the primary refining treatment time is 40 minutes, and then the slag in the furnace is fished out, and after the refining is completed, the sample is analyzed again. If the composition is still within the expected index range, no treatment is required to enter the next process; if the composition deviates, the composition is adjusted and the sample is analyzed again, and secondary refining and slag removal are performed. The secondary refining treatment time is 20 minutes. After the refining is completed, the floating slag is fished out and the aluminum alloy liquid is allowed to stand until all elements reach the expected index before entering the next process;

[0136] Step (4), releasing the aluminum alloy liquid from the bottom of the furnace for casting, entering the double-stage filter box through the flow channel, and then entering the casting mold plate, adding aluminum-titanium-boron intermediate alloy wire to the aluminum alloy liquid after entering the flow channel for grain refinement, and the aluminum alloy liquid undergoes double-stage filtration treatment, the first-stage filter plate of the filter box is 80 mesh, and the second-stage filter plate is 60 mesh, and then the aluminum alloy liquid enters the casting mold plate to keep its temperature at 710°C for semi-continuous casting, the crystallizer sinking speed is 210 mm / min, and the casting obtains a rod-shaped ingot with a diameter of 178 mm;

[0137] Step (5), placing the rod-shaped ingot into an aluminum rod heating furnace for heating, controlling the temperature at 500-600° C. and keeping the temperature for 4 hours before starting hot extrusion processing, then cutting a certain length of the ingot into a press for extrusion processing, the extrusion speed is 7 m / min, and after extrusion, aluminum tubes, aluminum rods, aluminum plates and other aluminum alloy profiles of different shapes with cross-sectional dimensions of Ф113mm×3.0mm, Ф80mm×2.0mm, Ф48mm×1.8mm, Ф30mm×1.6mm, 300mm*6.0mm, 60mm*3mm are made, thereby obtaining aluminum alloy profiles of desired shape and length;

[0138] Step (6), placing the extruded aluminum alloy profile into an aging furnace for artificial aging treatment, the artificial aging temperature is 150 to 220° C., and the insulation time is 3 to 16 hours. After the artificial aging treatment is completed, the desired enhanced lightweight aluminum alloy material is obtained;

[0139] In the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, aluminum alloy lamp poles can be made using aluminum alloy profiles, and the lamp poles include components such as lamp pole main body pipes, support arm pipes, base plates, and base reinforcement plates; when the enhanced lightweight aluminum alloy material obtained in this embodiment is used to manufacture aluminum alloy lamp poles, the specific steps are the same as those in Example 3.

[0140] Comparative Example 1

[0141] The aluminum lamp pole made of 6061 aluminum alloy is used for comparison; 6061 aluminum alloy is made into corresponding extruded profiles through smelting casting, hot extrusion, solution treatment, and artificial aging, and then assembled, welded, painted, and installed to obtain a 10-meter-high aluminum alloy lamp pole. The wall thickness of the lower lamp pole is 5.0mm, the wall thickness of the middle lamp pole is 3.5mm, and the wall thickness of the upper lamp pole is 3.0mm.

[0142] Comparative Example 2

[0143] The lamp poles made of Q235 steel are used for comparison. The Q235 steel plate is rolled, welded, spun, assembled, sprayed and installed to obtain a lamp pole with a height of 10 meters and a wall thickness of 3.0 mm.

[0144] Performance test: The lamp poles manufactured in the above Examples 1-7 and the lamp poles prepared in Comparative Examples 1-2 were tested as follows;

[0145] 1. Room temperature mechanical properties test

[0146] According to GB / T 228.1-2010 “Tensile test of metallic materials Part 1: Room temperature test method”, random positions of samples were taken from the lamp poles manufactured in Examples 1-7 and the lamp poles prepared in Comparative Examples 1-2, machined into tensile specimens, and tested on a tensile testing machine. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0147] Table 1 Mechanical properties test results of aluminum alloy light pole materials

[0148]

[0149] 2. Light pole weight test

[0150] The lamp poles of Examples 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were weighed (excluding lamps), and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0151] Table 2 Weight test results of various aluminum alloy lamp poles

[0152] Alloy Material Light pole height Weight / kg Example 1 6m 8.9 Example 2 8m 12.7 Example 3 10m 23.7 Example 4 6m 9.1 Example 5 8m 12.8 Example 6 10m 23.7 Example 7 10m 23.5 6061 aluminum alloy light pole 10m 36.2 Q235 steel light pole 10m 72.5

[0153] It can be seen from Table 1 that the yield strength, tensile strength and elongation of the lamp pole profiles obtained in Examples 1-7 of the present invention are much higher than those of the lamp pole profiles made of 6061 aluminum alloy, and their yield strength and tensile strength are both higher than Q235 steel, and their elongation is equivalent to that of Q235. Although their fatigue resistance is not as good as that of Q235 steel lamp poles, their fatigue resistance is better than that of 6061 aluminum alloy.

[0154] It can be seen from Table 2 that the aluminum alloy lamp poles obtained in Examples 1 to 7 of the present invention have a relatively low weight. Under the same height condition, the weight is lower than that of a traditional 6061 aluminum alloy lamp pole and much lower than that of a Q235 steel lamp pole.

[0155] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reinforced lightweight aluminum alloy material, characterized in that: The aluminum alloy material contains the following components in parts by weight: Si: 0.2-0.8%, Cu: 0.2-1.0%, Mn: 0.2-1.4%, Mg: 0.5-1.6%, Zn: 0.06-0.6%, Hf: 0.02-0.4%, Zr: 0.03-0.3%, Co: 0.02-0.4%, W: 0.02-0.4%, In: 0.01-0.4%, Ti: 0.01-0.5%, B: 0.003-0.03%, Be: 0.0003-0.003%, Pr: 0.02-0.6%, Nd: 0.01-0.6%, Eu: 0.02-0.8%, Fe≤0.3%, other unavoidable single impurity elements≤0.03%, the total amount of impurity elements≤0.15%, and the balance is Al.

2. The reinforced lightweight aluminum alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aluminum alloy material comprises the following components by weight: Si: 0.5-0.7%, Cu: 0.4-0.8%, Mn: 0.4-1.2%, Mg: 0.5-1.4%, Zn: 0.1-0.4%, Hf: 0.04-0.3%, Zr: 0.05-0.25%, Co: 0.04-0.3%, W: 0.04-0.32%, In: 0.02 ~0.3%, Ti: 0.02~0.2%, B: 0.004~0.02%, Be: 0.0005~0.0015%, Pr: 0.06~0.5%, Nd: 0.04~0.5%, Eu: 0.05~0.4%, Fe≤0.2%, other unavoidable single impurity elements ≤0.03%, the total amount of impurity elements ≤0.15%, the balance is Al.

3. The method for preparing a reinforced lightweight aluminum alloy material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The aluminum alloy material contains the following components in parts by weight: Si: 0.58%, Cu: 0.62%, Mn: 1.04%, Mg: 1.23%, Zn: 0.31%, Hf: 0.11%, Zr: 0.19%, Co: 0.20%, W: 0.09%, In: 0.02%, Ti: 0.04%, B: 0.008%, Be: 0.0008%, Pr: 0.17%, Nd: 0.24%, Eu: 0.13%, Fe: 0.18%, other unavoidable single impurity elements ≤0.03%, the total amount of impurity elements ≤0.15%, and the balance is Al.

4. The reinforced lightweight aluminum alloy material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Si in the aluminum alloy material is an aluminum-silicon master alloy, Al is an aluminum ingot, Cu is a copper ingot, Mg is a metal magnesium ingot, Zn is a metal zinc ingot, Hf is an aluminum-hafnium master alloy, Zr is an aluminum-zirconium master alloy, Co is an aluminum-cobalt master alloy, W is an aluminum-tungsten master alloy, In is a metal indium ingot, Ti and B are made of an aluminum-titanium-boron master alloy, Be is an aluminum-beryllium master alloy, Fe is an iron ingot, Pr, Nd and Eu are made of a rare earth aluminum master alloy, wherein the rare earth aluminum master alloy is respectively prepared from an aluminum-praseodymium master alloy, an aluminum-neodymium master alloy and an aluminum-europium master alloy in a weight ratio of 4:1 to 3:3 to 6.

5. A method for preparing a reinforced lightweight aluminum alloy material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: Step (1), calculating and weighing the aluminum alloy raw materials according to the mass percentage of the chemical components of the alloy: Si, Cu, Mn, Mg, Zn, Hf, Zr, Co, W, In, Ti, B, Be, Pr, Nd, Eu, Fe and Al; Step (2), charging part of the raw materials into a furnace, heating them up to melt and carrying out a first stage of heat preservation smelting, the raw materials for the first batch of the furnace are: Al, Cu, Si, Zn, Hf, Zr, Co, W, In, Be, Fe, Pr, Nd, Eu; after the first batch of materials are melted and stirred evenly, Mg is added to carry out a second stage of heat preservation smelting, and after it is completely melted, it is stirred until the composition is uniform, and the furnace temperature is maintained during the period; then a small amount is taken out from the high-temperature aluminum alloy liquid for chemical composition analysis, and if the composition is deviated, the composition is adjusted and sampled again for analysis until all elements reach the expected indicators; Step (3), refining the aluminum alloy liquid in the furnace, then removing the slag in the furnace, sampling and analyzing again after refining, if the composition is still within the expected index range, then proceeding to the next process without processing; if the composition deviates, then adjusting the composition and sampling and analyzing again, and performing secondary refining and slag removal, until all elements reach the expected index before proceeding to the next process; Step (4), releasing the aluminum alloy liquid from the bottom of the furnace for casting, adding B to the aluminum alloy liquid after it enters the launder for grain refinement, and after the aluminum alloy liquid is subjected to double-stage filtration treatment, entering the casting mold for semi-continuous casting to obtain a rod-shaped ingot of a certain diameter; Step (5), placing the rod-shaped ingot into an aluminum rod heating furnace to heat and keep it warm for a certain period of time, then cutting a certain length of the ingot into a press for extrusion processing to obtain an aluminum alloy profile of a desired shape and length; Step (6), placing the extruded aluminum alloy profile into an aging furnace for artificial aging treatment, and obtaining a reinforced lightweight aluminum alloy material after the artificial aging treatment is completed.

6. The method for preparing a reinforced lightweight aluminum alloy material according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step (2), the first stage heat preservation and melting temperature is 760-860°C, and the second stage heat preservation and melting temperature is 720-800°C.

7. The method for preparing a reinforced lightweight aluminum alloy material according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step (3), the mixed gas used in the primary refining treatment is prepared by mixing high-purity argon, high-purity nitrogen and high-purity chlorine, wherein 99.999% high-purity argon accounts for 60%, 99.999% high-purity nitrogen accounts for 37%, and 99.999% high-purity chlorine accounts for 3%. The primary refining treatment time is 30 to 60 minutes. The temperature and gas of the secondary refining treatment are the same as those of the primary refining treatment, and the secondary refining treatment time is 15 to 30 minutes.

8. The method for preparing a reinforced lightweight aluminum alloy material according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step (4), the first filter plate of the double-stage filtration is 80 mesh, and the second filter plate is 60 mesh; the temperature of the aluminum alloy liquid above the casting mold is maintained at 640-720°C, and the crystallizer sinking speed is 50-250 mm / min; in step (5), the insulation temperature of the aluminum alloy rod is 500-600°C, the insulation time is not less than 4 hours, and the extrusion speed is 3-12 m / min; in step (6), the artificial aging temperature is 150-220°C, and the insulation time is 3-16 h.

9. Use of a high-strength lightweight aluminum alloy material according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in the preparation of aluminum alloy products, characterized in that: The aluminum alloy metal products include but are not limited to aluminum alloy metal pipes, aluminum alloy rods or aluminum alloy profiles. The preparation method of the aluminum alloy metal products includes the following steps: firstly, the prepared enhanced lightweight aluminum alloy material is sheared into bars of required length, and then cold-forging is performed to form the required aluminum alloy metal product prototypes, and then the aluminum alloy metal product parts are degreased, pickled, alkaline washed and anodized, and then assembled, welded and electrostatically sprayed to obtain the final required aluminum alloy metal product parts.

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