Anti-freezing roadbed device for converting solar photovoltaic electric energy into heat energy in seasonal freezing region

Abstract

The invention relates to a seasonal freezing area solar photovoltaic electric energy-to-heat energy anti-freezing roadbed device which comprises a roadbed main body, ballast layers are arranged on the two sides of the roadbed main body, storage battery boxes are embedded in the ballast layers, battery main bodies are installed in the storage battery boxes, two photovoltaic panels are installed on the ballast layers, and the photovoltaic panels are electrically connected with the battery main bodies. A heat preservation water tank is arranged on the side close to the photovoltaic panel, and a cleaning assembly is jointly installed on one side of the heat preservation water tank and the railway ballast layer. By combining the technology of converting solar photovoltaic electric energy into heat energy and the turbine power generation technology, effective anti-freezing protection of the seasonal permafrost region roadbed is achieved, and the power generation efficiency and the cleaning efficiency of the photovoltaic panel are improved. And meanwhile, the cleaning water flow is used for driving the turbine to generate extra current, so that the electric energy output and economic benefits of the device are further increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of roadbed protection, and in particular to a roadbed device for converting solar photovoltaic electric energy into thermal energy to prevent freezing damage in seasonally frozen areas. Background Art

[0002] In seasonally frozen soil areas, the roadbed will be significantly affected by temperature changes. In winter, as the temperature drops, the water in the roadbed soil will freeze, causing volume expansion, which in turn causes frost heave of the roadbed. The frost heave phenomenon not only affects the flatness of the road and reduces driving comfort, but in severe cases it can also cause damage to the roadbed structure and threaten road traffic safety. In addition, during the spring snowmelt period, the water in the roadbed will also melt due to the increase in temperature, forming a slurry phenomenon, which further aggravates the damage to the roadbed.

[0003] Thermal energy conversion technology is a technology that converts thermal energy into other forms of energy. In the seasonally frozen area solar photovoltaic power-to-heat energy anti-freezing roadbed device, thermal energy conversion technology is mainly used to convert the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic system into thermal energy, thereby providing heat for the roadbed. It can convert the DC power generated by the photovoltaic system into thermal energy to directly heat the roadbed.

[0004] Winters in the north are very dry, and there are many dusty areas. Photovoltaic panels are easily sticky with dust and difficult to clean, which not only affects the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panels, but also long-term work may lead to insufficient power for the photovoltaic panels and fail to meet the normal operation requirements of the device. Therefore, how to ensure efficient power generation of photovoltaic panels while achieving effective cleaning and generation of additional electricity has become a key issue in the design and optimization of the device. Therefore, it is particularly necessary to design a seasonally frozen area solar photovoltaic power conversion heat energy anti-freezing roadbed device to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention adopts an innovative cleaning mechanism, which uses cleaning water to flush the surface of the photovoltaic panel, effectively removing dust and dirt attached to the surface. At the same time, by optimizing the flow rate and flow of the cleaning water, it can ensure the cleaning effect while reducing the waste of water resources.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a seasonally frozen area solar photovoltaic electric energy conversion heat energy anti-freezing roadbed device, comprising: a roadbed main body, ballast layers are arranged on both sides of the roadbed main body, battery boxes are buried inside the ballast layer, battery main bodies are installed inside the battery boxes, two photovoltaic panels are installed on the ballast layer, the photovoltaic panels are electrically connected to the battery main body, a heat preservation water tank is arranged on the side close to the photovoltaic panel, a cleaning component is installed on one side of the heat preservation water tank and the ballast layer, and the cleaning component comprises two square tubes obliquely installed on one side of the heat preservation water tank, and the other end of the square tube is butt-jointed and inclined A straight ramp, one end of the straight ramp is connected to a spiral flow channel, a water guide box is installed at the bottom of the spiral flow channel, a circular opening connected to the water guide box is provided at the central end of the spiral flow channel, a turbine component is rotatably installed in the circular opening, one side of the water guide box is connected to a support plate fixedly installed on the top of the ballast layer with a horizontal water pipe, the two horizontal water pipes are located at the upper end of one side of the two photovoltaic panels, and one side of the horizontal water pipe has a nozzle for spraying water towards the photovoltaic panels, the rotating shaft of the turbine component passes through the water guide box, the ballast layer and the battery box, and is connected to a generator installed on the inner wall of the battery box, and the generator is electrically connected to the battery body.

[0007] Preferably, the spiral flow channel is spirally designed so that its inlet width is half the width of the straight ramp, and the inner space of the straight ramp is larger than the square tube, so that water flows fully in the square tube and forms a rapid water flow in the straight ramp.

[0008] Preferably, the cleaning assembly further comprises a hollow long box fixed to the top of the spiral flow channel and the side wall of the top support plate of the ballast layer, a row of composite pulleys are rotated inside the hollow long box, a row of air guide boxes are installed at the bottom of the hollow long box, one side of the air guide box has an inclined air nozzle, the air guide box is located at the upper end of the horizontal water pipe, and a fan blade is rotatably installed inside the air guide box, and the fan blade and the composite pulley share a rotating shaft;

[0009] The inner bottom end of the air guide box is designed as a curved surface.

[0010] Preferably, the hollow long box is located above the spiral flow channel and a composite pulley shaft is connected to the shaft of the turbine component.

[0011] Preferably, a communicating air outlet is provided at the top of the air guide box and the bottom end of the inner part of the hollow long box, and a row of openings corresponding to the air outlet is provided at the back of the hollow long box for air intake.

[0012] Preferably, a wire box passing through two battery boxes is provided inside the ballast layer, and a row of electric heating tubes penetrating into the roadbed body is connected to one side of the wire box. The lines of the electric heating tubes pass into the wire box, and two connecting tubes on one side of the wire box are respectively connected to the wiring ports of the two battery bodies, and the row of electric heating tubes is divided into two groups, and the lines of each group of electric heating tubes are connected from the connecting tube to a wiring port of a battery body.

[0013] Preferably, a tap water pipe is buried inside the roadbed body below the insulated water tank, a water pipe connected to the insulated water tank is installed on the top of the tap water pipe, the insulated water tank is installed with a liquid level meter on one side of the water pipe, and the liquid level meter is electrically connected to the solenoid valve on the water pipe.

[0014] Preferably, a water inlet opening is provided on one side of the insulated water tank, and a water inlet ramp is installed outside the opening, and a filter can be installed at the top opening of the water inlet ramp.

[0015] Preferably, a U-shaped plate is provided on the top of the insulated water tank, an outer wall of the U-shaped plate is aligned with an edge of the insulated water tank, and an opening of the U-shaped plate faces the direction of the water inlet ramp.

[0016] Preferably, protective shields are installed on both sides of the insulated water tank above the solenoid valves of the square tube and the water pipe, and the protective shields also cover the liquid level device inside.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] 1. The present invention combines solar photovoltaic power conversion to heat energy and turbine power generation technology, which not only achieves effective anti-freezing protection for roadbeds in seasonal frozen soil areas, but also improves the power generation efficiency and cleaning efficiency of photovoltaic panels. At the same time, by using the cleaning water flow to drive the turbine to generate additional current, the number of photovoltaic panels installed can be reduced to a certain extent, further increasing the power output and economic benefits of the device.

[0019] 2. The present invention uses the special structure and proportion design of the spiral flow channel, the straight ramp and the square tube, so that the water flow can be squeezed to a certain extent when entering the spiral flow channel, thereby increasing the flow rate and pressure of the water flow, effectively improving the rotation speed of the turbine and enhancing the power generation efficiency. At the same time, the rotating flow of the spiral flow channel can also increase the contact area and flushing force between the water flow and the surface of the photovoltaic panel, thereby more effectively removing dirt and dust.

[0020] 3. In the process of cleaning the photovoltaic panels of the present invention, the cleaning water flow will drive the turbine to rotate. In order to make full use of this resource, the device installs a generator on the turbine to convert the mechanical energy of the turbine into electrical energy. This technology not only realizes the secondary utilization of the cleaning water flow, but also increases the additional power output of the device. When the photovoltaic panel is short of power, this part of the additional power can be used to supplement the power demand of the device to ensure its normal operation.

[0021] 4. In terms of water replenishment and rainwater collection, the present invention has a tap water pipe designed inside the main body of the roadbed. The top of the pipe is connected to the water pipe of the insulated water tank, and a liquid level meter is used to regularly replenish water to the insulated water tank. A water inlet opening is provided on one side of the insulated water tank, and is equipped with a water inlet ramp and a filter screen to facilitate artificial water replenishment or rainwater collection when necessary. At the same time, the filter screen can effectively filter impurities and keep the water clean. In addition, the U-shaped plate on the top of the insulated water tank is designed to better collect rainwater, and its opening is facing the direction of the water inlet ramp, which can guide rainwater into the insulated water tank, thereby realizing the effective utilization of natural rainwater resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] Figure 1 It is an overall stereogram of the device for converting solar photovoltaic electric energy into heat energy to prevent freezing damage on the roadbed in seasonally frozen areas of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is an overall front view cross-sectional view of the device for converting solar photovoltaic electric energy into heat energy to prevent freezing damage on the roadbed in seasonally frozen areas of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is an overall three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the device for converting solar photovoltaic electric energy into heat energy to prevent freezing damage on the roadbed in seasonally frozen areas of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 Part of the three-dimensional structure of the seasonally frozen area solar photovoltaic electric energy conversion heat energy anti-freezing roadbed device of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0027] Figure 5 Part of the three-dimensional structure of the seasonally frozen area solar photovoltaic electric energy conversion heat energy anti-freezing roadbed device of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0028] Figure 6 Part of the three-dimensional structure of the seasonally frozen area solar photovoltaic electric energy conversion heat energy anti-freezing roadbed device of the present invention Figure 3 ;

[0029] Figure 7 The invention is a device for converting solar photovoltaic electric energy into heat energy to prevent freezing damage roadbed in seasonally frozen areas Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0030] Figure 8 A three-dimensional diagram of a cleaning component of a device for converting solar photovoltaic electric energy into heat energy to prevent freezing damage on a roadbed in seasonally frozen areas according to the present invention;

[0031] Fig. 9 The cleaning component part of the seasonal freezing zone solar photovoltaic electric energy conversion heat energy anti-freezing damage roadbed device of the present invention is a three-dimensional Figure 1 ;

[0032] Fig.10The cleaning component part of the seasonal freezing zone solar photovoltaic electric energy conversion heat energy anti-freezing damage roadbed device of the present invention is a three-dimensional Figure 2 .

[0033] In the figure:

[0034] 1. Main body of roadbed; 11. Ballast layer; 12. Insulated water tank; 13. Photovoltaic panel; 14. Battery packaging; 15. Battery body; 16. Wire box; 17. Electric heating pipe; 18. Heat conducting pipe; 19. Tap water pipeline; 110. Water pipe; 111. Liquid level gauge; 112. Protective cover; 113. Water inlet ramp; 114. U-shaped plate; 2. Cleaning assembly; 21. Square tube; 22. Straight ramp; 23. Spiral flow channel; 24. Turbine component; 25. Water guide box; 26. Horizontal water pipe; 27. Generator; 28. Hollow long box; 29. ​​Air guide box; 210. Fan blade; 211. Inclined air nozzle; 212. Composite pulley; 213. Belt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, which only illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and therefore only show the components related to the present invention.

[0036] like Figure 1-Figure 10As shown, the seasonally frozen zone solar photovoltaic electric energy-to-heat energy anti-freezing roadbed device of the present invention comprises: a roadbed main body 1, ballast layers 11 are arranged on both sides of the roadbed main body 1, battery boxes 14 are buried inside the ballast layer 11, battery boxes 15 are installed inside the battery boxes 14, two photovoltaic panels 13 are installed on the ballast layer 11, the photovoltaic panels 13 are electrically connected to the battery main body 15, and a heat preservation water tank 12 is arranged on the side close to the photovoltaic panel 13, the heat preservation water tank 12 is on the outside of the road barrier, the heat preservation water tank 12 is automatically supplied with water by an external water source, the heat preservation water tank 12 is heat preservation-designed, and at the same time, the existing heating component can be installed inside to avoid freezing, a cleaning component 2 is installed together with the ballast layer 11 on one side of the heat preservation water tank 12, and the cleaning component 2 comprises two square tubes 21 obliquely installed on one side of the heat preservation water tank 12, an electromagnetic valve is installed on the square tube 21, which is an existing design, and the other end of the square tube 21 is butt-jointed with an inclined straight ramp 22. One end of the straight ramp 22 is connected to a spiral flow channel 23, and a water guide box 25 is installed at the bottom of the spiral flow channel 23. The central end of the spiral flow channel 23 has a circular opening connected to the water guide box 25, and a turbine component 24 is rotatably installed in the circular opening. One side of the water guide box 25 is connected to the top support plate of the ballast layer 11 with a horizontal water pipe 26. The two horizontal water pipes 26 are located at the upper end of one side of the photovoltaic panel 13, and one side of the horizontal water pipe 26 has a nozzle for spraying water toward the photovoltaic panel 13. The rotating shaft of the turbine component 24 passes through the water guide box 25, the ballast layer 11 and the battery box 14, and is connected to a generator 27 installed on the inner wall of the battery box 14. The generator 27 is electrically connected to the battery body 15. It should be noted that an inverter is installed on the top of the battery body 15 to convert the direct current generated by the photovoltaic panel 13 into alternating current (AC) for storage in the battery body 15, and the generator 27 does not require a conversion device. This is an existing design method.

[0037] Through the design of the above-mentioned cleaning component 2, when working in winter, the photovoltaic panel 13 and related equipment are installed, and the solenoid valve on the square tube 21 is started regularly, then the photovoltaic panel 13 can convert solar energy into direct current, which is converted into alternating current through the inverter and stored in the battery body 15. When the photovoltaic panel 13 needs to be cleaned, the solenoid valve on the square tube 21 is opened, and the water in the insulation water tank 12 enters the straight ramp 22 through the square tube 21, and then flows out through the spiral flow channel 23. When the water flows out, it drives the turbine 24 to rotate, and then drives the generator 27 to generate electricity. The electrical energy of the generator 27 is also stored in the battery body 15. At the same time, after the water flows out of the spiral flow channel 23, it enters the horizontal water pipe 26 through the water guide box 25 and is sprayed out from the nozzle to flush and clean the photovoltaic panel 13.

[0038] The spiral flow channel 23 is designed to have its own entrance width half the width of the straight ramp 22. The inner space of the straight ramp 22 is larger than the square tube 21. Water flows fully in the square tube 21 and forms a rapid water flow in the straight ramp 22, similar to the form of a river.

[0039] Furthermore, through the above-mentioned structural design, the water flow maintains a stable flow rate and pressure in the square tube 21, and the internal space of the straight ramp is larger than the square tube 21. This design allows the water flow to diffuse rapidly when entering the straight ramp 22 from the square tube 21, forming a rapid water flow. After entering the straight ramp 22, the water diffuses rapidly and forms a rapid flow state. When the water flow enters the spiral flow channel 23, it is affected by the spiral shape, forming a rotating flow and enhancing the turbulence. At the same time, the entrance width of the spiral flow channel 23 is designed to be half the width of the straight ramp 22. This design allows the water flow to be squeezed to a certain extent when entering the spiral flow channel 23, thereby increasing the flow rate and pressure of the water flow, effectively improving the rotation speed of the turbine 24 and enhancing the power generation efficiency. At the same time, the rotating flow of the spiral flow channel 23 can also increase the contact area and flushing force between the water flow and the surface of the photovoltaic panel 13, thereby more effectively removing dirt and dust, and achieving a certain impact force of the water flow without using a water pump.

[0040] The cleaning assembly 2 also includes a hollow long box 28 fixed to the top of the spiral flow channel 23 and the side wall of the top support plate of the ballast layer 11. A row of composite pulleys 212 rotate inside the hollow long box 28. A row of air guide boxes 29 are installed at the bottom of the hollow long box 28. An inclined air nozzle 211 is provided on one side of the air guide box 29 to blow air toward the photovoltaic panel 13. The air guide box 29 is located at the upper end of the horizontal water pipe 26, and a fan blade 210 is rotatably installed inside the air guide box 29. The fan blade 210 and the composite pulley 212 share a rotating shaft. The air guide box The inner bottom end of 29 is designed as an arc surface for guiding air. The hollow long box 28 is located above the spiral flow channel 23, and the rotating shaft of a composite pulley 212 is connected to the rotating shaft of the turbine component 24, that is, the rotating shaft is also rotatably connected to the top of the spiral flow channel 23, and a belt 213 is connected between adjacent composite pulleys 212. A connected air outlet is provided at the top of the air guide box 29 and the inner bottom end of the hollow long box 28, and a row of openings corresponding to the air outlet is provided on the back of the hollow long box 28 for air intake, and a filter can be installed at the opening (not shown in the figure).

[0041] Furthermore, through the above-mentioned structural design, during the cleaning process, the composite pulley 212 in the hollow long box 28 above the spiral flow channel 23 is connected to the turbine component 24 through a rotating shaft to achieve synchronous rotation. The composite pulley 212 drives all the fan blades 210 to rotate inside the air guide box 29 through the belt 213. Through high-speed rotation, strong airflow is generated. These airflows are guided to the surface of the photovoltaic panel 13 through the inclined wind nozzle 211 to form a blowing effect, and the water flow is used to blow away stones, branches and other debris that are difficult to wash away by the water flow. At the same time, it avoids the accumulation of water due to obstruction by debris to form ice cubes that are not easy to melt, thereby further improving the cleaning effect. The arc surface design inside the air guide box 29 optimizes the guidance and concentration of the airflow, ensuring that the wind can blow the surface of the photovoltaic panel evenly without the need for an additional power source.

[0042] A wire box 16 passing through two battery boxes 14 is provided inside the ballast layer 11, and a row of electric heating tubes 17 penetrating into the roadbed body 1 is connected to one side of the wire box 16. Naturally, some of the electric heating tubes 17 pass through the side wall of the battery box 14, and the lines of the electric heating tubes 17 pass into the wire box 16. Two line connecting tubes on one side of the wire box 16 are respectively connected to the wiring ports of the two battery bodies 15, and the row of electric heating tubes 17 is divided into two groups. The lines of each group of electric heating tubes 17 are connected to a wiring port of a battery body 15 from the connecting tube. Enhanced heat conduction tubes 18 are also installed between adjacent electric heating tubes 17. The electric heating tubes 17 and the enhanced heat conduction tubes 18 are made of the same material, and the difference is that there are heating wires inside the electric heating tubes 17 for active heating, and both surfaces have corrosion-resistant coatings.

[0043] Furthermore, the anti-freezing damage of the present invention is achieved through the electric heating tube 17 technology. Specifically, a wire box 16 is provided inside the ballast layer 11, and a row of electric heating tubes 17 that penetrate into the roadbed body 1 is connected to one side of the wire box 16. These electric heating tubes 17 are divided into two groups (the number of electric heating tubes in each group can be determined according to actual needs), and are connected to the wiring ports of the two battery bodies 15 through line connecting tubes (not clearly marked in the figure, but mentioned in the description), that is, each group of electric heating tubes is connected to one battery body 15 respectively. When the electric energy stored in the battery body 15 is transmitted to the electric heating tube 17 through the line connecting tube, the electric heating tube 17 will generate heat, thereby transferring the heat to the roadbed body 1. The reinforced heat conducting tube 18 can enhance the heat conduction. In this way, the roadbed body 1 can maintain a certain temperature, usually above the freezing point, in the cold weather in winter, to prevent frost heave disease caused by the freezing of water in the soil. Through the heating effect of the electric heating tube 17, the bearing capacity of the roadbed is enhanced, thereby ensuring the stability of the road and driving safety. It should be noted that frost heave disease refers to the frost heave disease caused by the water in the soil freezing at low temperature. When frozen into ice, the volume expands, causing damage such as soil bulging and cracking. The enhancement of the bearing capacity of the roadbed means that after the electric heating tube is heated, the temperature of the roadbed soil rises, the strength and stability of the soil are improved, and it can withstand a larger load. Finally, driving safety means that the road remains unobstructed in winter to avoid traffic accidents or driving inconveniences caused by frozen roadbed. At the same time, in this case, two photovoltaic panels 13 are a group, which can be responsible for a roadbed of forty to fifty meters, ensuring that the roadbed is not damaged by low temperature. The photovoltaic panels 13 are on both sides of the insulation water tank 12 to avoid being exposed to the sun.

[0044] A tap water pipe 19 is buried under the insulated water tank 12 inside the roadbed body 1. A water pipe 110 connected to the insulated water tank 12 is installed on the top of the tap water pipe 19. A liquid level gauge 111 is installed on one side of the water pipe 110 of the insulated water tank 12, and the liquid level gauge 111 is electrically connected to the solenoid valve on the water pipe 110. A water inlet opening is provided on one side of the insulated water tank 12, and a water inlet ramp 113 is installed outside the opening. A filter screen can be installed at the top opening of the water inlet ramp 113. Figure 4, not shown in the other figures, there is a U-shaped plate 114 on the top of the insulated water tank 12, the outer wall of the U-shaped plate 114 is aligned with the edge of the insulated water tank 12, and the opening of the U-shaped plate 114 is facing the water inlet ramp 113.

[0045] In terms of water replenishment and rainwater collection, a tap water pipe 19 is designed inside the roadbed body 1, and the top of the pipe is connected to the water pipe 110 of the insulated water tank 12, which is used to regularly replenish water to the insulated water tank. A water inlet opening is provided on one side of the insulated water tank 12, and is equipped with an inlet ramp 113 and a filter screen, so that artificial water replenishment or rainwater collection can be carried out when necessary. At the same time, the filter screen can effectively filter impurities and keep the water clean. In addition, the U-shaped plate 114 on the top of the insulated water tank 12 is designed to better collect rainwater. Its opening is facing the direction of the inlet ramp 113, which can guide rainwater into the insulated water tank to achieve effective utilization of natural rainwater resources. The liquid level meter 111 is electrically connected to the solenoid valve on the water pipe 110, which can monitor the water level of the water tank in real time and automatically adjust the water replenishment to ensure that the water volume in the water tank is sufficient. This is an existing conventional design method, and the detailed principle will not be repeated.

[0046] Protective covers 112 are installed on both sides of the heat preservation water tank 12 above the square tube 21 and the electromagnetic valve of the water delivery pipe 110, and the protective covers 112 also cover the liquid level device 111 inside.

[0047] The core equipment can be protected by the protective cover 112 to prevent damage caused by falling objects or birds landing on the instrument.

[0048] Working principle: The working principle of the cleaning component 2 of the present invention is to combine the dual cleaning effects of water flow and air flow. When the water flows through the square tube 21 into the straight ramp 22 and then flows out through the spiral flow channel 23, its kinetic energy is captured by the turbine 24 and converted into mechanical energy, thereby driving the generator 27 to generate electricity. This part of the electrical energy is stored in the battery body 15 for subsequent use. At the same time, the rotating flow of water in the spiral flow channel 23 enhances its flushing force, and then it is ejected through the nozzle of the horizontal water pipe 26, directly acting on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 13 for preliminary water washing and cleaning.

[0049] During this process, the composite pulley 212 in the hollow long box 28 above the spiral flow channel 23 is connected to the turbine element 24 through a rotating shaft to achieve synchronous rotation. The composite pulley 212 then drives the fan blades 210 to rotate inside the air guide box 29 to generate airflow, which is guided to the surface of the photovoltaic panel 13 through the inclined wind nozzle 211 to form a blowing effect. The blowing function not only helps to quickly blow away water stains on the photovoltaic panel 13 and enhance the impact force of the water flow, but also blows off stones, branches and other debris that are difficult to be washed away by the water flow, thereby further improving the cleaning effect. The arc surface design inside the air guide box 29 optimizes the guidance and concentration of the airflow, ensuring that the wind can blow evenly on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 13 without the need for an additional power source. This design not only improves the energy utilization efficiency, but also makes the entire cleaning process more energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

[0050] In summary, the cleaning component 2 achieves efficient cleaning of the surface of the photovoltaic panel 13 through the synergistic effect of water flow and air flow, while fully utilizing the kinetic energy generated by the water flow, converting it into electrical energy for storage, and providing energy support for subsequent anti-freeze damage or other uses.

[0051] Based on the above ideal embodiments of the present invention, the relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention through the above description. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A device for converting solar photovoltaic power into heat energy to prevent freezing damage in seasonally frozen areas, characterized in that: include: A roadbed body (1), wherein ballast layers (11) are provided on both sides of the roadbed body (1), a battery box (14) is buried inside the ballast layer (11), a battery body (15) is installed inside the battery box (14), two photovoltaic panels (13) are installed on the ballast layer (11), the photovoltaic panels (13) are electrically connected to the battery body (15), a heat preservation water tank (12) is provided on one side of the roadbed body (1) close to the photovoltaic panel (13), and a cleaning component (2) is installed on one side of the heat preservation water tank (12) and the ballast layer (11); The cleaning assembly (2) comprises two square tubes (21) obliquely installed on one side of the heat preservation water tank (12), the other end of the square tubes (21) butts against an inclined straight ramp (22), one end of the straight ramp (22) is connected to a spiral flow channel (23), a water guide box (25) is installed at the bottom of the spiral flow channel (23), a circular opening connected to the water guide box (25) is provided at the central end of the spiral flow channel (23), a turbine component (24) is rotatably installed in the circular opening, one side of the water guide box (25) is butts against a support plate fixedly installed on the top of the ballast layer (11) to form a horizontal water pipe (26), the two horizontal water pipes (26) are located at the upper end of one side of the two photovoltaic panels (13), and one side of the horizontal water pipe (26) has a nozzle for spraying water towards the photovoltaic panels (13); The rotating shaft of the turbine component (24) passes through the water guide box (25), the ballast layer (11) and the battery box (14), and is connected to a generator (27) installed on the inner wall of the battery box (14); the generator (27) is electrically connected to the battery body (15).

2. The device for converting solar photovoltaic electric energy into heat energy to prevent freezing damage in seasonally frozen areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral flow channel (23) is designed in a spiral so that its inlet width is half the width of the straight ramp (22). The inner space of the straight ramp (22) is larger than the square tube (21), so that water flows fully in the square tube (21) and forms a rapid water flow in the straight ramp (22).

3. The device for converting solar photovoltaic electric energy into heat energy to prevent freezing damage in seasonally frozen areas as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The cleaning assembly (2) further comprises a hollow long box (28) fixed on the top of the spiral flow channel (23) and the side wall of the top support plate of the ballast layer (11); a row of composite pulleys (212) are rotatably mounted inside the hollow long box (28); a row of air guide boxes (29) are installed at the bottom of the hollow long box (28); one side of the air guide box (29) has an inclined air nozzle (211); the air guide box (29) is located at the upper end of the horizontal water pipe (26); and a fan blade (210) is rotatably mounted inside the air guide box (29); the fan blade (210) and the composite pulley (212) share a rotating shaft; and a belt (213) is connected between adjacent composite pulleys (212); The inner bottom end of the air guide box (29) is designed as a curved surface.

4. The device for converting solar photovoltaic electric energy into heat energy to prevent freezing damage in seasonally frozen areas as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The rotating shaft of a composite pulley (212) located above the spiral flow channel (23) inside the hollow long box (28) is connected to the rotating shaft of the turbine component (24).

5. The device for converting solar photovoltaic electric energy into heat energy to prevent freezing damage in seasonally frozen areas as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The top of the air guide box (29) is provided with an air outlet connected to the bottom of the hollow long box (28), and the back of the hollow long box (28) is provided with a row of openings corresponding to the air outlet for air intake.

6. The device for converting solar photovoltaic electric energy into heat energy to prevent freezing damage in seasonally frozen areas as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A wire box (16) passing through two battery boxes (14) is provided inside the ballast layer (11); one side of the wire box (16) is butted with a row of electric heating tubes (17) penetrating into the roadbed body (1); the lines of the electric heating tubes (17) penetrate into the wire box (16); two connecting tubes on one side of the wire box (16) are butted with the wiring ports of the two battery bodies (15) respectively; the row of electric heating tubes (17) is divided into two groups; the lines of each group of electric heating tubes (17) are connected to a wiring port of a battery body (15) from the connecting tube.

7. The device for converting solar photovoltaic electric energy into heat energy to prevent freezing damage in seasonally frozen areas as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: A tap water pipe (19) is buried inside the roadbed body (1) below the insulated water tank (12); a water delivery pipe (110) connected to the insulated water tank (12) is installed on the top of the tap water pipe (19); a liquid level gauge (111) is installed on one side of the water delivery pipe (110) of the insulated water tank (12); and the liquid level gauge (111) is electrically connected to a solenoid valve on the water delivery pipe (110).

8. The device for converting solar photovoltaic electric energy into heat energy to prevent freezing damage in seasonally frozen areas as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: A water inlet opening is provided on one side of the heat-insulating water tank (12), and a water inlet ramp (113) is installed outside the opening. A filter screen can be installed at the top opening of the water inlet ramp (113).

9. The device for converting solar photovoltaic electric energy into heat energy to prevent freezing damage in seasonally frozen areas as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The top of the thermal insulation water tank (12) is provided with a U-shaped plate (114), the outer wall of the U-shaped plate (114) is aligned with the edge of the thermal insulation water tank (12), and the opening of the U-shaped plate (114) faces the direction of the water inlet ramp (113).

10. The device for converting solar photovoltaic electric energy into heat energy to prevent freezing damage in seasonally frozen areas according to claim 9, characterized in that: Protective covers (112) are installed on both sides of the heat-insulating water tank (12) above the square tube (21) and the electromagnetic valve of the water delivery pipe (110), and the protective covers (112) also cover the liquid level device (111) inside.

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