System for preventing hydrological monitoring equipment from freezing and working method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a system for preventing hydrological monitoring equipment from freezing and a working method of the system. The system comprises a support, a hydrological monitoring sensor, an electric air suction pump, a one-way valve and a temperature-sensitive switch. The bottom of the support is inserted into the lake bottom, the hydrological monitoring sensor is located below the lake surface, a power supply device is arranged on the support, the hydrological monitoring sensor and the power supply device are connected through a power supply line, the electric air suction pump is communicated with the power supply device through a temperature-sensitive switch, an air guide pipe is installed on the electric air suction pump and vertically arranged, and one end of the air guide pipe is located on the lake surface. The tail end of the air guide pipe is located in the lake water and provided with a one-way valve, and the one-way valve is located below the hydrological monitoring sensor. Cold air sucked into the air guide pipe is subjected to water bath temperature increasing through deep lake water with high temperature and then discharged, the lake surface is prevented from being frozen, and therefore the adverse effect on hydrological monitoring equipment caused by shallow lake water freezing is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of antifreeze, and in particular to a system for preventing hydrological monitoring equipment from freezing and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Permafrost, as one of the elements of the cryosphere, has attracted much attention due to its high sensitivity to climate change and its important feedback effect. The melting of underground ice in permafrost areas causes the surface soil to sink or collapse, thus forming the unique thermokarst landforms in permafrost areas. Among them, lakes and ponds formed by thermal melting and accumulation of water are called thermal melting lakes or thermokarst lakes. In recent years, under the background of climate warming and humidification and increased human engineering activities, the formation of thermokarst lakes has changed the surface energy balance process due to the thermal effect of water bodies, accelerating the melting rate of permafrost deep in the lake bottom and around the lake shore; at the same time, in the process of expanding to the surrounding area, the thermokarst lake continuously erodes the lake shore, forming collapses of different scales, posing potential threats to important nearby projects and the ecological environment. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to carry out research on the hydrological process of thermokarst lakes.

[0003] The research on the hydrological process and characteristics of thermokarst lakes in permafrost areas is mainly carried out through remote sensing technology, field monitoring and numerical simulation. The main factors affecting the development of thermokarst lakes include precipitation, slope, soil type and melting index. The research based on remote sensing technology and numerical simulation has to be verified with the help of field moisture monitoring data. At present, the hydrological monitoring of thermokarst lakes is mainly carried out through traditional monitoring equipment, such as Figure 1 As shown, a hydrological monitoring sensor 4 is set in the lake water 2 through a bracket, and the bracket is inserted into the lake bottom 1. Since thermokarst lakes are mostly developed in the Arctic region and the permafrost area of ​​the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, in the cold season, when the surface of the lake water 2 freezes to form an ice surface 6, the monitoring accuracy of the hydrological monitoring sensor 4 arranged in a shallow position below the lake surface is reduced, and the sensor may even be damaged, thereby affecting the accurate understanding of the hydrological characteristics of the thermokarst lake. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a system for preventing the freezing of thermokarst lake hydrological monitoring equipment, which can prevent the freezing of thermokarst lake hydrological monitoring equipment without affecting the monitoring data. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a system for preventing hydrological monitoring equipment from freezing in view of the technical defects existing in the prior art.

[0005] Another object of the present invention is to provide a working method of the above system.

[0006] The technical solution adopted to achieve the purpose of the present invention is:

[0007] A system for preventing hydrological monitoring equipment from freezing, comprising a bracket, a hydrological monitoring sensor, an electric suction pump, a one-way valve and a temperature-sensitive switch;

[0008] The bottom of the bracket is inserted into the bottom of the lake, the hydrological monitoring sensor is fixed on the sensor fixing rod and is located below the lake surface, a power supply device is provided on the bracket, the hydrological monitoring sensor and the power supply device are connected through a power supply line, the electric suction pump is connected to the power supply device through a temperature-sensitive switch, an air pipe is installed on the electric suction pump, the air pipe is vertically arranged, one end of the air pipe is located on the lake surface, a filter is arranged at the end, the end of the air pipe is located in the lake water, a one-way valve is arranged at the end, and the one-way valve is located below the hydrological monitoring sensor.

[0009] In the above technical solution, the airway is J-shaped.

[0010] In the above technical solution, a drainage hole is provided at the lowest point of the circular arc section of the air guide pipe, and the drainage hole is connected to the water collecting tank.

[0011] In the above technical solution, the bracket is T-shaped, including a horizontal bracket tube and a vertical bracket tube. The lower end of the vertical bracket tube is inserted into the bottom of the lake, and the power supply device is installed on the upper end. One end of the horizontal bracket tube is fixedly connected to the vertical bracket tube, and the other end is provided with the electric suction pump.

[0012] In the above technical solution, the upper end of the sensor fixing rod is installed on the transverse support tube.

[0013] In the above technical solution, there are multiple hydrological monitoring sensors distributed on the sensor fixing rod.

[0014] In the above technical solution, the electric suction pump is connected to the power supply device through a power supply line, a temperature-sensitive switch is arranged on the power supply line, and the power supply line is laid inside the horizontal support tube and the vertical support tube.

[0015] In the above technical solution, the power supply device is a wind power generation mechanism and / or a solar power generation mechanism.

[0016] In the above technical solution, the filter screen is funnel-shaped.

[0017] Another aspect of the present invention also includes a working method of the system for preventing the hydrological monitoring equipment from freezing, comprising the following steps:

[0018] In the cold season, when the outside temperature drops below the working threshold of the temperature-sensitive switch (≤0°C), the temperature-sensitive switch is closed, and the wind power generation mechanism and / or solar power generation mechanism power the electric suction pump, which starts and the outside air is sucked into the air duct. Since the temperature inside the lake water is higher than the outside temperature, the outside air exchanges heat with the lake water during its flow inside the air duct, and the air temperature rises until it reaches the end of the air duct and is discharged into the lake water by a one-way valve to form bubbles with a temperature higher than that of the outside air. As the bubbles continue to move upward, they exchange heat with the surface lake water to prevent the lake surface from freezing, thereby avoiding adverse effects of ice on the lake surface on the hydrological monitoring sensor. When the outside temperature is higher than the working threshold of the temperature-sensitive switch (>0°C), the temperature-sensitive switch is disconnected and the entire system stops working.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The present invention overcomes the problem that the lake surface freezes and forms ice in the cold season, which affects the sensor of the traditional hydrological monitoring equipment. The cold air sucked into the airway is heated by the deep lake water and then discharged, which prevents the lake surface from freezing, thereby avoiding the impact of the ice on the hydrological monitoring equipment.

[0021] 2. In order to prevent the air duct from being blocked due to liquefaction of water vapor in the air sucked into the air duct during operation of the system, a water collecting tank is arranged at the lowest point of the air duct to collect liquid water formed inside the air duct, thereby effectively avoiding the problem of the system being unable to work due to blockage of the air duct.

[0022] 3. The present invention utilizes wind power generation mechanism and solar power generation mechanism to provide power for hydrological monitoring sensors and electric suction pumps, which is green and environmentally friendly.

[0023] 4. The present invention has a simple structure, strong practicability, and is easy to implement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the background technology.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the system of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air pipe and water collecting box of the present invention.

[0027] Among them, 1: lake bottom, 2: lake water, 3: bracket, 3.1: vertical bracket tube, 3.2: horizontal bracket tube, 4: hydrological monitoring sensor, 5: sensor fixing rod, 6: ice surface, 7: air guide tube, 8: filter net, 9: electric suction pump, 10: one-way valve, 11: water collecting tank, 12: wind power generation mechanism, 13: solar power generation mechanism, 14: drainage hole, 15: bubbles, 16: temperature sensitive switch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] A system for preventing hydrological monitoring equipment from freezing comprises a bracket 3, a hydrological monitoring sensor 4, an electric suction pump 9, a one-way valve 10, a temperature-sensitive switch 16, a wind power generation mechanism 12 and a solar power generation mechanism 13.

[0031] The support 3 is T-shaped, including a vertical support tube 3.1 and a horizontal support tube 3.2. The lower end of the vertical support tube 3.1 is inserted into the lake bottom 1, and a power supply device (wind power generation mechanism 12 and solar power generation mechanism 13) is installed on the upper end. One end of the horizontal support tube 3.2 is fixedly connected to the vertical support tube 3.1. The temperature-sensitive switch 16 is arranged in the horizontal support tube 3.2. The temperature-sensitive switch 16 is connected to the wind power generation mechanism 12 and / or the solar power generation mechanism 13 through a power supply line. The power supply line is laid inside the support 3. The electric suction pump 9 is connected to the wind power generation mechanism 12 and / or the solar power generation mechanism 13 through the temperature-sensitive switch 16.

[0032] The vertically arranged sensor fixing rod 5 is installed on the horizontal support tube 3.2, and a plurality of the hydrological monitoring sensors 4 are distributed on the sensor fixing rod 5. The hydrological monitoring sensors 4 are located in the lake water 2. The hydrological monitoring sensors 4 are connected to the wind power generation mechanism 12 and / or the solar power generation mechanism 13 through a power supply line. The power supply line enters the support 3 from the inside of the sensor fixing rod 5 until it is connected to the wind power generation mechanism 12 and / or the solar power generation mechanism 13.

[0033] The electric air pump 9 is located at the end of the horizontal support tube 3.2, and an air duct 7 is installed on the electric air pump 9. The air duct 7 is vertically arranged. One end of the air duct 7 is located on the lake surface and is connected to the input end of the electric air pump 9. A funnel-shaped filter screen 8 is arranged at the end. The end of the air duct 7 is located in the lake water 2 and is connected to the output end of the electric air pump 9. A one-way valve 10 is arranged at the end. The one-way valve 10 is located below the sensor fixing rod 5. The air duct 7 is J-shaped, and a drainage hole 14 is opened at the lowest point of its arc section. The drainage hole 14 is connected to the water collecting tank 11.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] This embodiment provides a method for operating the system of freezing the hydrological monitoring equipment described in Embodiment 1 in a thermokarst lake, comprising the following steps:

[0036] In the cold season, when the outside temperature drops below the working threshold of the temperature-sensitive switch 16 (≤0°C), the temperature-sensitive switch 16 is closed, the wind power generation mechanism 12 and / or the solar power generation mechanism 13 supplies power to the electric suction pump 9, the electric suction pump 9 is started, and the outside air is sucked into the air duct 7. Since the internal temperature of the lake water is higher than the outside temperature, the outside air exchanges heat with the lake water 2 during the flow inside the air duct 7, and the air temperature rises until it reaches the end of the air duct 7 and is discharged into the lake water 2 by the one-way valve 10 to form bubbles 15 with a temperature higher than that of the outside air. In the process of the bubbles 15 continuously moving upward, heat is exchanged with the surface lake water 2 to prevent the lake surface from freezing and to prevent the ice surface 6 from having an adverse effect on the hydrological monitoring sensor 4; when the outside temperature is higher than the working threshold of the temperature-sensitive switch 16 (>0°C), the temperature-sensitive switch 16 is disconnected and the entire system stops working.

[0037] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for preventing hydrological monitoring equipment from freezing, characterized in that: It includes a bracket, a hydrological monitoring sensor, an electric suction pump, a one-way valve and a temperature-sensitive switch; The bottom of the bracket is inserted into the bottom of the lake, the hydrological monitoring sensor is fixed on the sensor fixing rod and is located below the lake surface, a power supply device is provided on the bracket, the hydrological monitoring sensor and the power supply device are connected through a power supply line, the electric suction pump is connected to the power supply device through a temperature-sensitive switch, an air pipe is installed on the electric suction pump, the air pipe is vertically arranged, one end of the air pipe is located on the lake surface, a filter is arranged at the end, the end of the air pipe is located in the lake water, a one-way valve is arranged at the end, and the one-way valve is located below the hydrological monitoring sensor.

2. A system for preventing hydrological monitoring equipment from freezing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The airway is J-shaped.

3. A system for preventing hydrological monitoring equipment from freezing according to claim 2, characterized in that: A drainage hole is provided at the lowest point of the circular arc section of the air guide pipe, and the drainage hole is communicated with the water collecting tank.

4. A system for preventing hydrological monitoring equipment from freezing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bracket is T-shaped, including a horizontal bracket tube and a vertical bracket tube. The lower end of the vertical bracket tube is inserted into the lake bottom, and the power supply device is installed on the upper end. One end of the horizontal bracket tube is fixedly connected to the vertical bracket tube, and the other end is provided with the electric suction pump.

5. A system for preventing hydrological monitoring equipment from freezing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper end of the sensor fixing rod is installed on the transverse support tube.

6. A system for preventing hydrological monitoring equipment from freezing according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple hydrological monitoring sensors distributed on the sensor fixing rod.

7. A system for preventing hydrological monitoring equipment from freezing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The electric suction pump is connected to the power supply device through a power supply line, a temperature-sensitive switch is arranged on the power supply line, and the power supply line is laid inside the horizontal support tube and the vertical support tube.

8. A system for preventing hydrological monitoring equipment from freezing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply device is a wind power generation mechanism and / or a solar power generation mechanism.

9. A system for preventing hydrological monitoring equipment from freezing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter screen is funnel-shaped.

10. A method for preventing a hydrological monitoring device from freezing according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: In the cold season, when the outside temperature drops below the working threshold of the temperature-sensitive switch, that is, ≤0℃, the temperature-sensitive switch is closed, the wind power generation mechanism and / or the solar power generation mechanism supplies power to the electric suction pump, the electric suction pump is started, and the outside air is sucked into the air duct. Since the internal temperature of the lake water is higher than the outside temperature, the outside air exchanges heat with the lake water during the flow inside the air duct, and the air temperature rises until it reaches the end of the air duct, and is discharged into the lake water by the one-way valve to form bubbles with a temperature higher than that of the outside air. In the process of the bubbles moving upward, heat is exchanged with the surface lake water to prevent the lake surface from freezing, thereby avoiding the adverse effects of the lake surface ice on the hydrological monitoring sensor; when the outside temperature is higher than the working threshold of the temperature-sensitive switch, that is, >0℃, the temperature-sensitive switch is disconnected, and the entire system stops working.

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