Prestressed rock anchor rod foundation structure capable of conveniently replacing anchor rod and method

Abstract

The invention provides a pre-stressed rock anchor rod foundation structure and method facilitating anchor rod replacement, and relates to the technical field of anchor rods, the pre-stressed rock anchor rod foundation structure comprises a rock layer, an anchor rod mechanism facilitating supporting and reinforcing is arranged in the rock layer, a dismounting and mounting mechanism facilitating replacement is arranged on the anchor rod mechanism, and the anchor rod mechanism comprises an outer anchor cylinder and an inner anchor rod; the dismounting and mounting mechanism comprises a positioning cylinder, two arc-shaped plates and a clamping plate, the inner anchor rod is located on the inner side wall of the outer anchor cylinder, the positioning cylinder is located at the lower end of the inner anchor rod, and the two arc-shaped plates are located at the ends of the two sides of the positioning cylinder correspondingly. The inner anchor rod is matched with the outer anchor cylinder, the outer anchor cylinder and the inner anchor rod act together, larger tension and shear force can be borne, the outer anchor cylinder can share a part of load and reduce stress concentration of the inner anchor rod, and therefore the bearing capacity of the whole anchor rod system is improved, meanwhile, the outer anchor cylinder can limit deformation of the inner anchor rod, and the service life of the anchor rod system is prolonged. Therefore, the device is more stable when being stressed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of anchor rods, and more specifically, particularly relates to a prestressed rock anchor rod foundation structure and method for convenient replacement of the anchor rod. Background Art

[0002] Rock prestressed anchor is an important structural element used to reinforce rock engineering. By drilling holes in the rock, inserting the anchor into the holes, and then applying prestress to the anchor, the anchor is tightly combined with the surrounding rock to form a whole. Prestressed anchor can effectively improve the strength and stability of the rock and prevent the deformation and damage of the rock. The existing prestressed anchor has the following structure: 1. Anchor head: The anchor head is the anchoring part of the anchor rod, which is used to fix the anchor rod in the rock or soil; 2. Rod body: The rod body is the main force-bearing part of the anchor rod and is usually made of high-strength steel; 3. Pad: The pad is usually flat and is set between the tail of the anchor and the supporting structure.

[0003] The existing anchor mechanism has the following disadvantages: 1. The existing anchor mechanism is not convenient for rapid replacement of anchors. When the anchor is damaged, corroded or its performance degrades during use, if it cannot be replaced in time, the stability and safety of the entire engineering structure will be reduced. Since the anchor is not convenient for rapid replacement, it is impossible to inspect and maintain it in time. This makes it possible that some potential problems cannot be discovered and handled for a long time, thereby increasing the potential safety hazards of the project; 2. When replacing existing anchor rods, complex construction methods and equipment are often required, which may require large-scale excavation and demolition work, or the use of special tools and equipment to replace the anchor rods, which consumes manpower and engineering costs.

[0004] In view of this, the existing structure and deficiencies are studied and improved, and a prestressed rock anchor foundation structure that is convenient for replacing anchors is provided, in order to achieve a more practical purpose. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a prestressed rock anchor foundation structure and method for convenient replacement of anchors, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a prestressed rock anchor foundation structure for convenient replacement of anchor rods, comprising a rock layer, wherein an anchor mechanism for convenient support and reinforcement is provided in the rock layer, wherein a disassembly and assembly mechanism for convenient replacement is provided on the anchor mechanism, wherein the anchor mechanism comprises an outer anchor barrel and an inner anchor rod, wherein the disassembly and assembly mechanism comprises a positioning barrel, an arc plate and a clamping plate, wherein the inner anchor rod is located on the inner side wall of the outer anchor barrel, wherein the positioning barrel is located at the lower end portion of the inner anchor rod, wherein two arc plates are respectively located at the two side ends of the positioning barrel, and wherein two clamping plates are respectively located at the two side ends of the two arc plates.

[0007] Preferably, a grouting layer is provided in the rock layer, and the outer anchor tube is located on the inner wall of the grouting layer.

[0008] Preferably, the inner side wall of the outer anchor barrel is provided with two first inner screw grooves, the outer side wall of the inner anchor rod is provided with two first threaded rods, the two first inner screw grooves respectively cooperate with the two first threaded rods, and the inner side wall of the outer anchor barrel is provided with an avoidance groove.

[0009] Preferably, a second threaded rod is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the inner anchor rod, and a second inner threaded groove is formed on the inner side wall of the positioning tube.

[0010] Preferably, the second threaded rod is threadably mounted on the inner side wall of the second inner thread groove, and two first circular grooves are penetrated through the side end of the positioning cylinder, and the inner side walls of the two first circular grooves are both rotatably mounted with first rotating shafts.

[0011] Preferably, first torsion springs are fixedly installed between the two first rotating shafts and the two first circular grooves, respectively, and the two arc-shaped plates are fixedly installed at the circumferential ends of the two first rotating shafts, respectively.

[0012] Preferably, two mounting blocks are fixedly mounted on the circumferential ends of the two arc-shaped plates, and the same second rotating shaft is fixedly mounted between the two mounting blocks.

[0013] Preferably, the side ends of the two clamping plates are penetrated by a second circular groove, and the two clamping plates are rotatably mounted on the circumferential ends of the second rotating shaft through the second circular groove.

[0014] Preferably, a second torsion spring is fixedly installed between the two second circular grooves and the two second rotating shafts respectively.

[0015] Preferably, a plurality of pawls are fixedly mounted on the upper ends of the two clamping plates.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a construction method of the prestressed rock anchor foundation structure, comprising the steps of: A hole is pre-drilled in the rock layer; the outer anchor tube is inserted into the hole, and grouting is performed in the gap between the outer anchor tube and the rock layer to form a grouting layer so that the outer anchor tube and the rock layer are tightly combined; Inserting the inner anchor rod into the outer anchor barrel until the first threaded rod of the inner anchor rod contacts the first inner thread groove in the outer anchor barrel; rotating the inner anchor rod so that the first threaded rod moves downward along the first inner thread groove until the inner anchor rod reaches a predetermined installation depth; When the inner anchor rod drives the positioning cylinder to move to the avoidance groove in the outer anchor rod, the first torsion spring is used to open the arc plate, and the second torsion spring is used to open the clamping plate to both sides; the clamping plate is clamped in the avoidance groove, and the ratchet on the clamping plate contacts the upper end of the inner side wall of the avoidance groove, so as to limit and fix the inner anchor rod; When the inner anchor rod needs to be replaced, first rotate the inner anchor rod to screw the second threaded rod out of the second inner thread groove of the positioning tube; then pull the inner anchor rod upward until the first threaded rod is completely out of the first inner thread groove; prepare a new inner anchor rod, and repeat the process of steps two and three to install the new inner anchor rod into the outer anchor tube.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The device cooperates with the inner anchor rod and the outer anchor barrel. The outer anchor barrel and the inner anchor rod work together to withstand greater tension and shear force. The outer anchor barrel can share part of the load and reduce the stress concentration of the inner anchor rod, thereby improving the bearing capacity of the entire anchor rod system. At the same time, the outer anchor barrel can limit the deformation of the inner anchor rod, making it more stable when subjected to force. At the same time, the contact area between the outer anchor barrel and the surrounding rock and soil is large, which can increase friction and adhesion and improve the anchoring effect. In large-scale underground projects or high slope support, this double-layer structure can effectively resist the pressure and deformation of the rock and soil and ensure the safety and stability of the project. For weak rock and soil or areas with complex geological conditions, the double-layer structure can better adapt to different stratum characteristics and provide more reliable anchoring.

[0018] This device protects the inner anchor rod by setting an outer anchor barrel on the outside to protect the inner anchor rod from corrosion by groundwater, chemicals, etc. For some special projects, such as geothermal wells, nuclear power plants, etc., which may face high temperature and high pressure environments, the double-layer structure can improve the high temperature and high pressure resistance of the anchor rod system by selecting suitable materials and design parameters. The double-layer structure of the outer anchor barrel and the inner anchor rod has the advantages of improving anchoring performance, facilitating maintenance and replacement, adapting to complex environments, and improving construction efficiency.

[0019] The device can ensure that the inner anchor rod is firmly fixed in the outer anchor rod by arranging a positioning tube, an arc plate and a clamping plate. The clamping mechanism can effectively prevent the inner anchor rod from rotating, shaking or displacing under the action of external force. In geotechnical engineering, the inner anchor rod is often subjected to various external forces such as pressure of soil or rock mass, earthquake force, water flow impact force, etc. The clamping mechanism can ensure that the inner anchor rod always remains in the correct position, and the connection between the inner anchor rod and the outer anchor rod is tighter and can withstand greater pulling force, ensuring that the inner anchor rod will not tilt, twist or other problems during installation, thereby ensuring the installation quality of the inner anchor rod and enhancing the stability of the entire anchor system structure.

[0020] The device is provided with a quickly replaceable inner anchor rod. When the inner anchor rod needs to be replaced, the inner anchor rod can be rotated to be screwed out from the first inner screw groove of the outer anchor barrel, and then a new inner anchor rod can be installed, thereby realizing quick and convenient replacement of the inner anchor rod. When the inner anchor rod is damaged or needs to be upgraded, it can be quickly replaced without long-term shutdown and waiting, which is convenient for maintenance and replacement, adapts to complex environments, and improves construction efficiency.

[0021] The device is provided with an inner anchor rod which is easy to replace quickly. The inner anchor rod may be damaged during use due to various factors, such as corrosion, fatigue, etc. If it cannot be replaced in time, it may cause instability of the engineering structure and cause safety accidents. The coordinated design of the inner anchor rod and the outer anchor barrel makes such adjustment easier. The inner anchor rods of different specifications or performances can be quickly replaced according to actual needs. The coordination of the inner anchor rod and the outer anchor barrel makes replacement more convenient, and these hidden dangers can be repaired in time, thereby improving the safety of the project.

[0022] The device is provided with an inner anchor rod that can be rotated and taken out. If the inner anchor rod is damaged or fails, the inner anchor rod can be rotated to be taken out from the outer anchor tube for replacement, thereby avoiding large-scale dismantling and reconstruction of the entire anchor rod system, making the replacement process more convenient and quick, eliminating the need for manual excavation and dismantling work, reducing the manpower and material resources required for construction, and eliminating the need for a large number of construction personnel and heavy equipment, thereby reducing project costs, maintenance costs, and construction complexity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the anchor mechanism of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the positioning tube of the present invention. Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the inner anchor rod of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the positioning tube of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a second threaded rod of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the clamping plate of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure explosion of the clamping plate of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the positioning tube of the present invention.

[0024] In the figure, the correspondence between the component names and the figure numbers is: 1, rock layer; 2, grouting layer; 3, outer anchor cylinder; 31, avoidance groove; 32, first inner screw groove; 4, inner anchor rod; 41, first threaded rod; 42, second threaded rod; 5, positioning cylinder; 51, second inner screw groove; 52, first circular groove; 6, arc plate; 61, first rotating shaft; 62, first torsion spring; 63, mounting block; 64, second rotating shaft; 65, second torsion spring; 7, clamping plate; 71, pawl; 72, second circular groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0026] The following detailed description is an exemplary description, which is intended to provide further detailed description of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical terms used in the present invention have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs. The terms used in the present invention are only for describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0028] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0029] Example 1 See also Figure 1-Figure 8 The present invention provides a prestressed rock anchor foundation structure for convenient replacement of anchors, comprising a rock layer 1, an anchor mechanism for convenient support and reinforcement is arranged in the rock layer 1, a disassembly mechanism for convenient replacement is arranged on the anchor mechanism, the anchor mechanism comprises an outer anchor barrel 3 and an inner anchor 4, the disassembly mechanism comprises a positioning barrel 5, an arc plate 6 and a clamping plate 7, and the rock prestressed anchor is an important structural element for reinforcing rock engineering, by drilling a hole in the rock layer 1, inserting the outer anchor barrel 3 and the inner anchor 4 into the hole, and then pouring slurry to form a grouting layer 2, so that the outer anchor barrel 3 is closely combined with the surrounding rock layer 1 to form a whole, effectively improving the strength and stability of the rock layer 1, and preventing the rock layer 1 from deformation and damage; The inner anchor rod 4 is located on the inner side wall of the outer anchor tube 3, the positioning tube 5 is located on the lower end of the inner anchor rod 4, the number of the arc plates 6 is two, and the two arc plates 6 are respectively located on the two side ends of the positioning tube 5, the number of the clamping plates 7 is two, and the two clamping plates 7 are respectively located on the two side ends of the two arc plates 6, a grouting layer 2 is provided in the rock layer 1, the outer anchor tube 3 is located on the inner side wall of the grouting layer 2, the inner side wall of the outer anchor tube 3 is provided with two first inner screw grooves 32, the outer side wall of the inner anchor rod 4 is provided with two first threaded rods 41, the two first inner screw grooves 32 are respectively matched with the two first threaded rods 41, and the inner side wall of the outer anchor tube 3 is provided with an avoidance groove 31 , a second threaded rod 42 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the inner anchor rod 4. When installing the outer anchor tube 3 and the inner anchor rod 4, a hole can be pre-drilled on the rock layer 1, and the outer anchor tube 3 can be inserted into the reserved drilling position first. At this time, grouting can be performed first in the drilling position, and the grouting liquid is poured into the hole position to form a grouting layer 2, so as to complete the preliminary fixation of the outer anchor tube 3. The user can insert the inner anchor rod 4 into the outer anchor tube 3. When the inner anchor rod 4 is inserted into the outer anchor tube 3, the inner anchor rod 4 and the positioning tube 5 are in a fixedly connected state. When the inner anchor rod 4 drives the positioning tube 5 to enter the outer anchor tube 3, the states of the arc plate 6 and the clamping plate 7 on the positioning tube 5 are as shown in the attached figure. Figure 8 As shown, when the first threaded rod 41 on the inner anchor rod 4 contacts the first inner threaded groove 32 in the outer anchor barrel 3, the user can rotate the inner anchor rod 4 to drive the first threaded rod 41 to rotate, so that the inner anchor rod 4 continues to move downward in the outer anchor barrel 3; By cooperating with the inner anchor rod 4 and the outer anchor barrel 3, the outer anchor barrel 3 and the inner anchor rod 4 work together to withstand greater tension and shear force. The outer anchor barrel 3 can share part of the load and reduce the stress concentration of the inner anchor rod 4, thereby improving the bearing capacity of the entire anchor rod system. At the same time, the outer anchor barrel 3 can limit the deformation of the inner anchor rod 4, making it more stable when subjected to force. At the same time, the contact area between the outer anchor barrel 3 and the surrounding rock and soil is large, which can increase friction and adhesion and improve the anchoring effect. In large-scale underground projects or high slope support, this double-layer structure can effectively resist the pressure and deformation of the rock and soil, ensuring the safety and stability of the project. For areas with weak rock and soil or complex geological conditions, the double-layer structure can better adapt to different stratum characteristics and provide more reliable anchoring; The inner wall of the positioning cylinder 5 is provided with a second inner screw groove 51, and the second threaded rod 42 is threadedly rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the second inner screw groove 51. The side end of the positioning cylinder 5 is penetrated with two first circular grooves 52, and the inner walls of the two first circular grooves 52 are rotatably mounted with first rotating shafts 61, and first torsion springs 62 are respectively fixedly mounted between the two first rotating shafts 61 and the two first circular grooves 52. The two arc plates 6 are respectively fixedly mounted on the circumferential ends of the two first rotating shafts 61, and the circumferential ends of the two arc plates 6 are fixedly mounted with two mounting blocks 63, and the same second rotating shaft 64 is fixedly mounted between the two mounting blocks 63. The side ends of the two clamping plates 7 The two clamping plates 7 are respectively rotatably mounted on the circumferential ends of the second rotating shaft 64 through the second circular grooves 72. Second torsion springs 65 are respectively fixedly mounted between the two second circular grooves 72 and the two second rotating shafts 64. A plurality of ratchet claws 71 are fixedly mounted on the upper ends of the two clamping plates 7. When the inner anchor rod 4 moves downward to drive the positioning cylinder 5 to move to the avoidance groove 31 in the outer anchor cylinder 3, the first torsion spring 62 and the second torsion spring 65 are no longer subjected to pressure, and the arc plates 6 on both sides will be opened under the drive of the first torsion spring 62. At the same time, the clamping plates 7 on both sides will be opened to both sides under the drive of the second torsion spring 65. The state is shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 and attached Figure 5 As shown, the clamping plate 7 will be clamped in the avoidance groove 31, thereby further stabilizing the inner anchor rod 4, and the pawl 71 on the clamping plate 7 will contact the upper end of the inner side wall of the avoidance groove 31, thereby limiting the inner anchor rod 4 and preventing the inner anchor rod 4 from shaking in the outer anchor tube 3; The positioning tube 5, the arc plate 6 and the clamping plate 7 cooperate to ensure that the inner anchor rod 4 is firmly fixed in the outer anchor tube 3. The clamping mechanism can effectively prevent the inner anchor rod 4 from rotating, shaking or displacing under the action of external force. In geotechnical engineering, the inner anchor rod 4 is often subjected to various external forces such as pressure of soil or rock mass, earthquake force, water flow impact force, etc. The clamping mechanism can ensure that the inner anchor rod 4 always remains in the correct position, and the connection between the inner anchor rod 4 and the outer anchor tube 3 is tighter and can withstand greater pulling force, ensuring that the inner anchor rod 4 will not tilt, twist or other problems during installation, thereby ensuring the installation quality of the inner anchor rod 4 and enhancing the stability of the entire anchor system structure. When the inner anchor rod 4 needs to be replaced, it can be rotated to unscrew it from the first inner screw groove 32 of the outer anchor tube 3, and then a new inner anchor rod 4 can be installed, so that the inner anchor rod 4 can be replaced quickly and conveniently. When the inner anchor rod 4 is damaged or needs to be upgraded, it can be quickly replaced without long-term shutdown and waiting, which is convenient for maintenance and replacement, adapts to complex environments, and improves construction efficiency.

[0030] Working principle: The first step is that the rock prestressed anchor is an important structural element used to reinforce rock engineering. By drilling a hole in the rock layer 1, inserting the outer anchor tube 3 and the inner anchor rod 4 into the hole, and then pouring slurry to form a grouting layer 2, the outer anchor tube 3 is tightly combined with the surrounding rock layer 1 to form a whole, effectively improving the strength and stability of the rock layer 1 and preventing the deformation and damage of the rock layer 1; In the second step, when installing the outer anchor tube 3 and the inner anchor rod 4, a hole can be pre-drilled on the rock layer 1, and the outer anchor tube 3 can be inserted into the reserved drilling position first. At this time, grouting can be performed first, and the grouting liquid can be poured into the hole position to form a grouting layer 2 to complete the preliminary fixation of the outer anchor tube 3. The user can insert the inner anchor rod 4 into the outer anchor tube 3. When the inner anchor rod 4 is inserted into the outer anchor tube 3, the inner anchor rod 4 and the positioning tube 5 are in a fixed connection state. When the inner anchor rod 4 drives the positioning tube 5 to enter the outer anchor tube 3, the states of the arc plate 6 and the clamping plate 7 on the positioning tube 5 are as shown in the attached figure. Figure 8 As shown, when the first threaded rod 41 on the inner anchor rod 4 contacts the first inner threaded groove 32 in the outer anchor barrel 3, the user can rotate the inner anchor rod 4 to drive the first threaded rod 41 to rotate, so that the inner anchor rod 4 continues to move downward in the outer anchor barrel 3; The device is provided with an inner anchor rod 4 and an outer anchor barrel 3 to cooperate with each other. The outer anchor barrel 3 and the inner anchor rod 4 work together to withstand greater tension and shear force. The outer anchor barrel 3 can share part of the load and reduce the stress concentration of the inner anchor rod 4, thereby improving the bearing capacity of the entire anchor rod system. At the same time, the outer anchor barrel 3 can limit the deformation of the inner anchor rod 4, making it more stable when subjected to force. At the same time, the contact area between the outer anchor barrel 3 and the surrounding rock and soil is large, which can increase friction and adhesion and improve the anchoring effect. In large underground projects or high slope support, this double-layer structure can effectively resist the pressure and deformation of the rock and soil, ensuring the safety and stability of the project. For areas with weak rock and soil or complex geological conditions, the double-layer structure can better adapt to different stratum characteristics and provide more reliable anchoring. The device protects the inner anchor rod 4 by setting an outer anchor tube 3 on the outside to protect the inner anchor rod 4 from corrosion by groundwater, chemical substances, etc. For some special projects, such as geothermal wells, nuclear power plants, etc., which may face high temperature and high pressure environments, the double-layer structure can improve the high temperature and high pressure resistance of the anchor rod system by selecting appropriate materials and design parameters. The double-layer structure of the outer anchor tube 3 and the inner anchor rod 4 has the advantages of improving anchoring performance, facilitating maintenance and replacement, adapting to complex environments, and improving construction efficiency; In the third step, when the inner anchor rod 4 moves downward and drives the positioning tube 5 to move to the avoidance groove 31 in the outer anchor tube 3, the first torsion spring 62 and the second torsion spring 65 are no longer under pressure, and the arc plates 6 on both sides will be opened under the drive of the first torsion spring 62. At the same time, the clamping plates 7 on both sides will be opened to both sides under the drive of the second torsion spring 65. The state is as shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 and attached Figure 5 As shown, the clamping plate 7 will be clamped in the avoidance groove 31, thereby further stabilizing the inner anchor rod 4, and the pawl 71 on the clamping plate 7 will contact the upper end of the inner side wall of the avoidance groove 31, thereby limiting the inner anchor rod 4 and preventing the inner anchor rod 4 from shaking in the outer anchor tube 3; The device is provided with a positioning tube 5, an arc plate 6 and a clamping plate 7, which cooperate to ensure that the inner anchor rod 4 is firmly fixed in the outer anchor tube 3. The clamping mechanism can effectively prevent the inner anchor rod 4 from rotating, shaking or displacing under the action of external force. In geotechnical engineering, the inner anchor rod 4 is often subjected to various external forces such as pressure of soil or rock mass, earthquake force, and water flow impact force. The clamping mechanism can ensure that the inner anchor rod 4 always remains in the correct position, and the connection between the inner anchor rod 4 and the outer anchor tube 3 is tighter and can withstand greater pulling force, ensuring that the inner anchor rod 4 will not tilt, twist or other problems during the installation process, thereby ensuring the installation quality of the inner anchor rod 4 and enhancing the stability of the entire anchor system structure. The fourth step is that when it is necessary to disassemble the inner anchor rod 4, the inner anchor rod 4 can be rotated. At this time, the ratchet pawl 71 on the clamping plate 7 is clamped on the inner wall of the avoidance groove 31, so the positioning tube 5 will be limited. When the inner anchor rod 4 is rotated, it will not drive the positioning tube 5 to rotate. The rotation of the inner anchor rod 4 will drive the second threaded rod 42 to rotate away from the inner side wall of the second inner screw groove 51, so as to achieve the disconnection of the inner anchor rod 4 and the positioning tube 5. At this time, the user can continue to pull out the inner anchor rod 4 upwards. When the first threaded rod 41 on the inner anchor rod 4 contacts the first inner screw groove 32, the user can continue to rotate the inner anchor rod 4 to drive it to be pulled out from the outer anchor tube 3, thereby realizing the replacement of the inner anchor rod 4. The user can insert the new inner anchor rod 4 into the outer anchor tube 3 and install it in the manner of step 2. At the same time, the inner anchor rod 4 can be rotatably installed on the positioning tube 5 to achieve rapid replacement of the inner anchor rod 4. The device is provided with a quickly replaceable inner anchor rod 4. When the inner anchor rod 4 needs to be replaced, the inner anchor rod 4 can be rotated to be screwed out from the first inner screw groove 32 of the outer anchor barrel 3, and then a new inner anchor rod 4 can be installed, so that the inner anchor rod 4 can be replaced quickly and conveniently. When the inner anchor rod 4 is damaged or needs to be upgraded, it can be quickly replaced without long-term shutdown and waiting, which is convenient for maintenance and replacement, adapts to complex environments, and improves construction efficiency. The device is provided with an inner anchor rod 4 which is easy to replace quickly. The inner anchor rod 4 may be damaged by various factors during use, such as corrosion, fatigue, etc. If it cannot be replaced in time, it may cause instability of the engineering structure and cause safety accidents. The matching design of the inner anchor rod 4 and the outer anchor tube 3 makes such adjustment easier. The inner anchor rod 4 of different specifications or performances can be quickly replaced according to actual needs. The matching of the inner anchor rod 4 and the outer anchor tube 3 makes replacement more convenient, and these hidden dangers can be repaired in time, thereby improving the safety of the project. The device is provided with an inner anchor rod 4 that can be rotated and taken out. If the inner anchor rod 4 is damaged or fails, the inner anchor rod 4 can be rotated to be taken out from the outer anchor tube 3 for replacement, thereby avoiding large-scale demolition and reconstruction of the entire anchor rod system, making the replacement process more convenient and quick, eliminating the need for manual excavation and demolition work, reducing the manpower and material resources required for construction, and eliminating the need for a large number of construction personnel and heavy equipment, thereby reducing project costs, maintenance costs, and construction complexity.

[0031] Example 2 A construction method for a prestressed rock anchor foundation structure, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: Step 1: Preparation A hole is pre-drilled in the rock layer 1; the outer anchor tube 3 is inserted into the hole, and the gap between the outer anchor tube 3 and the rock layer 1 is grouted to form a grouting layer 2, so that the outer anchor tube 3 and the rock layer 1 are tightly combined.

[0032] Step 2: Install the inner anchor rod 4 Prepare the inner anchor rod 4 and ensure that the first threaded rod 41 of the inner anchor rod 4 is in a rotatable state; insert the inner anchor rod 4 into the outer anchor barrel 3 until the first threaded rod 41 of the inner anchor rod 4 contacts the first inner thread groove 32 in the outer anchor barrel 3; rotate the inner anchor rod 4 to move the first threaded rod 41 downward along the first inner thread groove 32 until the inner anchor rod 4 reaches a predetermined installation depth; Step 3: Fix the inner anchor rod 4 When the inner anchor rod 4 drives the positioning tube 5 to move to the avoidance groove 31 in the outer anchor tube 3, the first torsion spring 62 is used to open the arc plate 6, and the second torsion spring 65 is used to open the clamping plate 7 to both sides; the clamping plate 7 is clamped in the avoidance groove 31, and the ratchet 71 on the clamping plate 7 contacts the upper end of the inner side wall of the avoidance groove 31, thereby limiting and fixing the inner anchor rod 4; Step 4: Replace the inner anchor rod 4 When the inner anchor rod 4 needs to be replaced, first rotate the inner anchor rod 4 to screw the second threaded rod 42 out of the second inner thread groove 51 of the positioning tube 5; then pull the inner anchor rod 4 upward until the first threaded rod 41 is completely out of the first inner thread groove 32; prepare a new inner anchor rod 4, and repeat the process of steps 2 and 3 to install the new inner anchor rod 4 into the outer anchor tube 3; Among them, the outer anchor cylinder 3 and the inner anchor rod 4 together constitute the basic structure of the prestressed rock anchor rod. The outer anchor cylinder 3 is tightly combined with the rock layer 1 through the grouting layer 2 to form an integral structure, thereby improving the strength and stability of the rock layer 1; the positioning cylinder 5, the arc plate 6 and the clamping plate 7 constitute a disassembly and assembly mechanism, which is used to ensure that the inner anchor rod 4 is firmly fixed in the outer anchor cylinder 3 and facilitate the rapid replacement of the inner anchor rod 4.

[0033] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0034] The embodiments of the present invention are given for the purpose of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the disclosed forms. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments are selected and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical applications of the present invention and to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the present invention and thereby design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for specific uses.

Claims

1. A prestressed rock anchor foundation structure for convenient replacement of anchors, comprising a rock layer (1), characterized in that: An anchor mechanism is provided in the rock layer (1) for facilitating support and reinforcement, and a disassembly and assembly mechanism is provided on the anchor mechanism for facilitating replacement; The anchor rod mechanism comprises an outer anchor cylinder (3) and an inner anchor rod (4); the disassembly and assembly mechanism comprises a positioning cylinder (5), an arc plate (6) and a clamping plate (7); the inner anchor rod (4) is located on the inner side wall of the outer anchor cylinder (3); the positioning cylinder (5) is located at the lower end of the inner anchor rod (4); there are two arc plates (6), which are respectively located at the two side ends of the positioning cylinder (5); there are two clamping plates (7), which are respectively located at the two side ends of the two arc plates (6).

2. A prestressed rock anchor foundation structure for convenient replacement of anchors as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A grouting layer (2) is provided in the rock layer (1), and the outer anchor cylinder (3) is located on the inner side wall of the grouting layer (2).

3. A prestressed rock anchor foundation structure for convenient replacement of anchors as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The inner side wall of the outer anchor barrel (3) is provided with two first inner screw grooves (32), the outer side wall of the inner anchor rod (4) is provided with two first threaded rods (41), and the two first inner screw grooves (32) are respectively matched with the two first threaded rods (41); Wherein, an avoidance groove (31) is provided on the inner side wall of the outer anchor cylinder (3).

4. A prestressed rock anchor foundation structure for convenient replacement of anchors as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: A second threaded rod (42) is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the inner anchor rod (4), and a second inner threaded groove (51) is formed on the inner side wall of the positioning cylinder (5); Wherein, the second threaded rod (42) is threadably mounted on the inner side wall of the second inner thread groove (51).

5. A prestressed rock anchor foundation structure for convenient replacement of anchors as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: Two first circular grooves (52) are formed through the side end of the positioning cylinder (5), and first rotating shafts (61) are rotatably mounted on the inner side walls of the two first circular grooves (52).

6. A prestressed rock anchor foundation structure for convenient replacement of anchors as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: A first torsion spring (62) is fixedly mounted between the two first rotating shafts (61) and the two first circular grooves (52), and the two arc-shaped plates (6) are fixedly mounted on the circumferential ends of the two first rotating shafts (61).

7. A prestressed rock anchor foundation structure for convenient replacement of anchors as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: Two mounting blocks (63) are fixedly mounted on the circumferential ends of the two arc-shaped plates (6), and a second rotating shaft (64) is fixedly mounted between the two mounting blocks (63).

8. A prestressed rock anchor foundation structure for convenient replacement of anchors as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The side ends of the two clamping plates (7) are both penetrated by a second circular groove (72), and the two clamping plates (7) are rotatably mounted on the circumferential ends of the second rotating shaft (64) through the second circular groove (72).

9. A prestressed rock anchor foundation structure for convenient replacement of anchors as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: A second torsion spring (65) is fixedly mounted between the two second circular grooves (72) and the two second rotating shafts (64); A plurality of ratchet claws (71) are fixedly mounted on the upper ends of the two clamping plates (7).

10. A construction method for the prestressed rock anchor foundation structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: Includes steps: A hole is pre-drilled in the rock layer (1); an outer anchor tube (3) is inserted into the hole, and grouting is performed in the gap between the outer anchor tube (3) and the rock layer (1) to form a grouting layer (2), so that the outer anchor tube (3) and the rock layer (1) are tightly combined; Inserting the inner anchor rod (4) into the outer anchor barrel (3) until the first threaded rod (41) of the inner anchor rod (4) contacts the first inner threaded groove (32) in the outer anchor barrel (3); rotating the inner anchor rod (4) so ​​that the first threaded rod (41) moves downward along the first inner threaded groove (32) until the inner anchor rod (4) reaches a predetermined installation depth; When the inner anchor rod (4) drives the positioning cylinder (5) to move to the avoidance groove (31) in the outer anchor cylinder (3), the first torsion spring (62) is used to open the arc plate (6), and the second torsion spring (65) is used to open the clamping plate (7) to both sides; the clamping plate (7) is clamped in the avoidance groove (31), and at the same time, the ratchet (71) on the clamping plate (7) contacts the upper end of the inner side wall of the avoidance groove (31), thereby limiting and fixing the inner anchor rod (4); When the inner anchor rod (4) needs to be replaced, the inner anchor rod (4) is first rotated to screw the second threaded rod (42) out of the second inner thread groove (51) of the positioning tube (5); the inner anchor rod (4) is then pulled out upward until the first threaded rod (41) is completely out of the first inner thread groove (32); a new inner anchor rod (4) is prepared, and the process of steps 2 and 3 is repeated to install the new inner anchor rod (4) into the outer anchor tube (3).

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