Sensitive voltage distance measuring device for drill hole fracture and use method of sensitive voltage distance measuring device

Abstract

The invention discloses a sensitive voltage distance measuring device for a drill hole fracture and a using method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of underground engineering. Comprising a main rod body and a sensitive transformer, the main rod body is of a hollow porous tubular structure, the outer side of the main rod body is wrapped with an insulating shell, the end of the main rod body is provided with a discharging structure and a plurality of high-pressure nozzles, and the main rod body is further provided with a movable annular sensitive voltage distance measuring device. The annular sensitive voltage distance measuring device detects the voltage generated from the inner surface of the crack to the device, the larger the generated voltage is, the farther the distance is, the voltage data of different sections are converted into position data through the data processor, finally, crack imaging calculation is conducted through the position data, and therefore the size and distribution of the anchor hole crack are detected. The structure can detect the fracture development condition and trend, and has the advantages of being accurate in detection, reasonable in structure, stable in function, economical and applicable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a sensitive voltage distance measuring device for a borehole fissure and a use method thereof, belonging to the technical field of underground engineering. Background Art

[0002] During tunnel excavation and mining, if there are cracks in the anchor hole, the anchor point will lose stability, thus affecting the safety of the overall structure. By detecting the cracks in the anchor hole, potential safety hazards can be discovered early, and corresponding measures can be taken to repair or reinforce them to ensure the safety of the structure. Cracks in the anchor hole will cause stress concentration and reduce the bearing capacity. By detecting the shape, size and distribution of the cracks, the strength and stability of the anchor system can be evaluated. This is crucial for selecting the appropriate anchoring scheme, determining the load bearing capacity and predicting the life and reliability of the structure. When cracks appear in the anchor hole, timely maintenance and repair are required. By detecting the crack condition, it can be determined what method and material to use for repair to extend the service life of the anchor system.

[0003] At present, the commonly used methods for detecting cracks in surrounding rocks include visual observation, ultrasonic testing, core drilling and rock mechanics testing. Visual observation is simple and easy, does not require special equipment, and can directly observe the shape and distribution of cracks. However, due to the resolution ability of the human eye and subjective factors, it is impossible to accurately measure the size and depth of cracks, and its scope of application is limited; ultrasonic testing is a non-contact detection method that can quickly measure the depth and extension of cracks in rocks and is suitable for different rock types. However, due to factors such as the sound wave propagation characteristics of rocks, background noise and instrument accuracy, there may be errors, and professional equipment and operation techniques are required. Core drilling and rock mechanics experimental methods are widely used in actual engineering. Core drilling can obtain actual crack samples in rocks for detailed crack observation and testing. However, core drilling operations are required, which have certain requirements for rock integrity and high time and cost requirements. Only the crack information at the drilling position can be obtained, and the crack distribution of the entire surrounding rock cannot be fully reflected. Rock mechanics tests can simulate actual engineering conditions by loading specimens to measure the strength and deformation characteristics of rocks. The crack situation in the surrounding rock can be indirectly evaluated. However, it needs to be carried out in the laboratory, which has high requirements for equipment and technology, and cannot directly measure the size and distribution of cracks. Based on the above problems, it is urgent to develop a detection device that can accurately detect the opening, development and direction of surrounding rock cracks to solve the existing engineering and technical problems. It can accurately detect the existence, opening and direction of cracks and evaluate their impact on the project, so as to take corresponding prevention and control measures or appropriately adjust the design plan. Summary of the invention

[0004] Technical problem: In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, a sensitive voltage ranging device for borehole cracks and a method of using the same are provided. The device has a simple structure and is easy to use. It can accurately detect the opening of surrounding rock cracks and their development and direction, and then guide the selection of underground support and reinforcement technology to ensure the sustainable and safe operation of the project.

[0005] Technical solution: To achieve the above technical purpose, the present invention is a sensitive voltage ranging device for drilling cracks, including a main rod body and a sensitive transformer. The main rod body is a hollow porous tubular structure, and the outside of the main rod body is wrapped with an insulating shell. The end of the main rod body is provided with a discharge structure and a plurality of high-voltage nozzles. The area of ​​the main rod body other than the discharge structure and the plurality of high-voltage nozzles is sleeved with an insulating main body sleeve, and a movable annular sensitive voltage ranging device is provided on the main body sleeve. A threaded section is provided on the outside of the tail section of the main body sleeve, and a tray and an anti-slip wire nut are connected through the threaded section.

[0006] Four axially arranged grouting holes are evenly distributed along the circumference of the outer side of the main rod body. Each grouting hole is provided with a grouting pipe, which is connected to the grouting vessel through a piston switch. The end of each grouting pipe is connected to a high-pressure nozzle, which is located near the end of the main rod body. A composite slurry containing electrolyte ions is injected into the high-pressure nozzle through the grouting pipe.

[0007] The discharge structure includes two electrode wire grooves extending from the end of the main rod body and bending and rotating to form a C shape and symmetrically arranged. Each electrode wire groove is provided with an electrode hole, and an electrode sheet is provided at the end. Two electrode wire grooves connected to the electrode holes are provided in the main rod body; the two electrode sheets are respectively connected to the ends of two electrode wires arranged through the electrode holes and the electrode wire grooves, and the tails of the two electrode wires are connected to the sensitive transformer, and the electrode sheets are used to inject current into the composite slurry containing electrolyte ions sprayed from the high-pressure nozzle;

[0008] A pore pressure sensing device is provided in the middle of the end of the main rod body through a retractable micro spring to detect the pore pressure inside the pore after grouting;

[0009] Two tooth grooves are provided on the surface of the main sleeve, and an annular sensitive voltage ranging device that can move along the main sleeve is connected to the two tooth grooves through gears. The gears are driven by the motor arranged on the main rod body to drive the annular sensitive voltage ranging device.

[0010] Furthermore, the electrolyte ions in the composite slurry have a conductive effect. After the composite slurry is injected into the borehole, the discharge structure is used to discharge electricity to generate current in the composite slurry. The annular sensitive voltage ranging device detects the distance from the inner surface of the crack in the surrounding rock to the main rod body based on the voltage signal detected from the composite slurry and the principle that the farther the distance is, the greater the voltage is under constant current, thereby realizing crack detection.

[0011] Furthermore, an annular fiber mesh is provided on the high-pressure nozzle, so that the high-pressure slurry sprayed from the high-pressure nozzle can only be sprayed along the circumference and radial directions. The main sleeve is provided with an annular slurry stopper outside the crack detection area to prevent the injected composite slurry from penetrating into the main rod body.

[0012] Furthermore, the main sleeve is provided with gears, a motor, a storage card slot and a data processor for driving the annular sensitive voltage ranging device to move. The gears are connected through tooth grooves and are driven by the motor. When the motor is not working, the integrated data processor is connected to the annular sensitive voltage ranging device through the data line in the storage card slot. A storage card is inserted in the storage card slot to store the detection data of the annular sensitive voltage ranging device.

[0013] Furthermore, the annular sensitive voltage ranging device is a highly sensitive voltmeter. When the composite slurry is injected into the anchor hole and fully penetrated into the anchor hole, the electrode sheet energizes the slurry in the hole, and current is generated in the slurry. At this time, the annular sensitive voltage ranging device slides on the entire rod body through gears to detect the distance from the crack surface to the annular sensitive voltage ranging device. After multiple detections, the position data can be calculated accordingly using a data processor based on the generated distance data.

[0014] A method for using a thermal imaging sensing device for drilling cracks, the steps are as follows:

[0015] Drill anchor holes at pre-marked positions of surrounding rocks, insert the main sleeve into the anchor holes, and then connect the grouting vessel, high-pressure air pump and grouting pipe through the piston switch;

[0016] The composite slurry containing electrolyte ions is stirred evenly in the grouting vessel, and then the grouting vessel is closed and the high-pressure air pump is started. The composite slurry containing electrolyte ions is injected into the anchor hole through the high-pressure nozzle, and the motor is started to detect the distance from the crack surface to the annular sensitive voltage distance measuring device;

[0017] During this process, the annular sensitive voltage ranging device will detect the distance change data generated by the composite slurry containing electrolyte ions that penetrates into the cracks. The position information of each section of the anchor hole will be recorded and stored in the memory card in the memory card slot. The data will be transmitted to the data processor through the data line. The memory card and the data processor are connected through the storage line in the memory card slot. The data processor will calculate the distance change data based on the section position information, and then re-synthesize it based on the section position information. Finally, the imaging computer will use algorithm analysis, data filtering, image processing and other technologies to draw a three-dimensional map of the anchor hole cracks.

[0018] Beneficial effects: The present invention can accurately detect the existence, opening and direction of cracks in anchor holes and evaluate their impact on the project, so as to take corresponding preventive measures or appropriately adjust the design scheme. By detecting cracks through sensitive voltage ranging, it avoids the limitation of imaging resolution. Due to the good conductivity of the composite slurry containing electrolyte ions in the anchor hole, the actual direction of the cracks in the surrounding rock can be detected. It can accurately detect the opening size and development of the surrounding rock cracks from the actual on-site project, making up for the disadvantage that the azimuth of the cracks and the exact position in the formation cannot be known by coring. The present invention has a simple structure, accurate detection, and stable function, which can greatly improve the evaluation efficiency and eliminate potential threats, thereby effectively reducing the occurrence of accidents and ensuring the life safety of workers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of drilling in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a thermal imaging sensing device for drilling cracks in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a thermal imaging sensing device for drilling cracks in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] FIG4( a ) is a schematic cross-sectional view of a main rod slideway structure section in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] FIG4( b ) is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sensitive voltage ranging device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] FIG4( c ) is a schematic cross-sectional view of a grouting hole in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an electrode sheet of a sensitive voltage ranging device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the end of the main rod body in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the injection of a composite slurry containing electrolyte ions in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] In the figure: 1-surrounding rock, 2-data line, 3-motor, 4-crack, 5-storage line, 6-main rod body, 7-tooth groove, 8-annular sensitive voltage ranging device, 9-high pressure nozzle, 10-electrode line, 11-electrode hole, 12-hole pressure sensing device, 13-electrode sheet, 14-gear, 15-storage card slot, 16-grouting pipe, 17-retractable micro spring, 18-insulating shell, 19-anchor hole, 20-annular grouting plug, 21-data processor, 22-tray, 23-anti-slip wire nut, 24-threaded segment, 25-piston switch, 26-instrument panel, 27-sensitive transformer, 28-main sleeve, 29-imaging computer, 30-electrode line slot, 31-grouting hole slot, 32-composite slurry. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments in the accompanying drawings:

[0030] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the present invention discloses a thermal imaging sensing device for drilling cracks, which includes a main rod body 6, a sensitive voltage ranging device 8 and a main sleeve 28.

[0031] The main rod body 6 is a hollow porous structure, which is divided into a nozzle structure and a discharge structure along the axis. The main rod body 6 is provided with four grouting pipes 16 evenly distributed along the circumference, and a grouting hole groove 32 is provided at the connection between the grouting pipe and the nozzle: the grouting pipe 16 can inject a composite slurry 32 containing electrolyte ions; the discharge structure is an electrode hole 11 of a rectangular tubular structure, which has an electrode wire 10 connected to a sensitive transformer 27. The sensitive transformer 27 can adjust the current in real time through the instrument panel 26. The head of the discharge structure is equipped with an electrode sheet 13, which can release voltage to inject current into the composite slurry 32 containing electrolyte ions in the hole, as shown in Figures 4(a), 4(b) and 4(c).

[0032] The tail section of the main rod is provided with a tray 22 and an anti-slip thread nut 23 through a thread 24. The head of the main rod body 6 is provided with a pore pressure sensing device 12, which is connected to a retractable micro spring 17 and can detect the pore pressure inside the pore in real time after grouting. The nozzle structure section of the main rod body 6 is arranged at the end, and the grouting pipe 16 is connected to the high-pressure nozzle 9. The high-pressure nozzle 9 is provided with an annular fiber mesh 8, the purpose of which is to make the high-pressure slurry spray out along the circumference and radial directions. An annular slurry stopper 20 is provided in the rod body to prevent the injected composite slurry from penetrating into the rod body. The outer surface of the rod body adopts an insulating shell 18 to prevent the generation of current on the surface of the rod body after power is turned on.

[0033] The surface of the main rod body is provided with a tooth groove 7, and the surface of the annular sensitive voltage ranging device 8 is embedded with a gear 14. The gear 14 can slide in the tooth groove 7, driving the annular sensitive voltage ranging device 8 to slide within the entire length of the rod body. The gear 14 is connected to the motor 3 to control the sliding speed of the gear.

[0034] The electrolyte ions in the composite slurry 32 are conductive and can generate current in the slurry after being energized. The annular sensitive voltage ranging device 8 generates voltage based on the current in the slurry. The voltage increases with the distance under a constant current, so the distance from the inner surface of the crack to the rod body can be detected, and the size and shape of the anchor hole can be calculated, thereby realizing crack detection.

[0035] like Figure 3 As shown, the method and steps of using the device are as follows: first, drill an anchor hole 19 at a pre-marked position of the surrounding rock 1, insert the main sleeve 28 into the anchor hole 19, and then fix the external pipeline to the grouting pipe 16 through the piston switch (25). The external pipeline connected to the grouting pipe 16 should first be connected to the grouting vessel and then to the high-pressure air pump, and the slurry is sprayed out through the high-pressure nozzle 9;

[0036] The composite slurry 32 containing electrolyte ions is stirred evenly in a grouting vessel, and then the grouting vessel is closed, and the high-pressure air pump is started, and the composite slurry (32) is sprayed into the anchor hole (19) through the high-pressure nozzle (12) as needed and fills the entire anchor hole (19), so that the pressure reaches a preset value, and the composite slurry 32 fills the crack 4, and the motor (3) is started, and the gear (18) drives the annular sensitive voltage distance measuring device (8) to move on the surface of the rod body;

[0037] At this time, the annular sensitive voltage distance measuring device 8 should always be in the on state. The annular sensitive voltage distance measuring device will detect the distance change data generated by the composite slurry 32 containing electrolyte ions that penetrates into the cracks 14. Each cross-sectional position information of the anchor hole 19 will be recorded and stored in the memory card in the memory card slot 15. The data will be transmitted to the data processor 21 through the data line 2. The memory card and the data processor 21 are connected through the storage line 5 in the memory card slot. The data processor 21 will calculate the distance change data based on the cross-sectional position information, and then re-synthesize it based on the cross-sectional position information. Finally, the imaging computer 29 can use algorithm analysis, data filtering, image processing and other technologies to draw a three-dimensional map of the anchor hole cracks.

[0038] like Figure 6 and Figure 2As shown, the main sleeve 28 is a hollow rod, part of which can be embedded in the anchor hole 19. The main sleeve 28 is provided with a gear 14, a motor 3, a memory card slot 15 and a data processor 21; wherein the gear 14 is connected through the tooth groove 7 and is controlled and driven by the motor 3. When the motor is not working, the gear can rotate freely; the head of the rod body is provided with a hole pressure sensing device 12, and the hole pressure sensing device 12 is connected to a retractable micro spring 17 to prevent excessive pressure in the hole after high-pressure grouting. An annular grouting stopper 20 is provided on the rod body to prevent the injected composite grout from seeping out, and an insulating shell 18 is used on the rod body to prevent current from being generated on the surface of the rod body after power is turned on. The comprehensive data processor 21 is connected to the annular sensitive voltage ranging device 8 through the data line in the memory card slot 15. A memory card is inserted in the memory card slot 15 to store the detection data of the annular sensitive voltage ranging device 8.

[0039] like Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the sensitive voltage ranging system includes an annular sensitive voltage ranging device 8, a memory card slot 15, a data processor 21 and an imaging computer 29. The annular sensitive voltage ranging device 8 is a highly sensitive voltmeter. After the slurry is injected into the anchor hole 19 and fully penetrated into the anchor hole 19, the electrode sheet 13 is energized to the slurry in the hole, and current is generated in the slurry. At this time, the annular sensitive voltage ranging device 8 slides on the entire rod body through the gear to detect the distance from the inner surface of the anchor hole crack to the annular sensitive voltage ranging device 8, thereby detecting the existence, opening and direction of the crack in the anchor hole 19 and evaluating its impact on the project. After multiple detections, the data processor 21 can be used to calculate the position data according to the generated distance data.

[0040] The data processor 21 is arranged at the end of the main body sleeve 28, and is connected to the annular sensitive voltage ranging device 8 through the data line in the memory card slot 15. As the gear 18 pushes the annular sensitive voltage ranging device 8 to move on the surface of the rod body, each cross-sectional position information of the anchor hole 19 will be recorded and stored in the memory card in the memory card slot 15. The memory card is connected to the data processor 21 through the storage line 5 in the memory card slot. The data processor 21 will calculate the distance change data based on the cross-sectional position information, and then resynthesize it based on the cross-sectional position information. The data processor 21 is connected to the imaging computer 29, and finally the imaging computer 29 uses algorithm analysis, data filtering, image processing and other technologies to draw a three-dimensional image of the anchor hole crack.

[0041] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sensitive voltage ranging device for drilling cracks, characterized in that: The invention comprises a main rod body (6) and a sensitive transformer (27), wherein the main rod body (6) is a hollow multi-porous tubular structure, the outside of the main rod body (6) is wrapped with an insulating shell (18), the end of the main rod body (6) is provided with a discharge structure and a plurality of high-pressure nozzles (9), the area of ​​the main rod body (6) other than the discharge structure and the plurality of high-pressure nozzles (9) is sleeved with an insulating main body sleeve (28), a movable annular sensitive voltage ranging device (8) is provided on the main body sleeve (28), a threaded section (24) is provided on the outside of the tail section of the main body sleeve (28), and a tray (22) and an anti-slip wire nut (23) are connected via the threaded section (24); The outer side of the main rod body (6) is provided with four axially arranged grouting holes (31) which are evenly distributed along the circumference. Each grouting hole (31) is provided with a grouting pipe (16). The grouting pipe (16) is connected to a grouting vessel via a piston switch (25). The end of each grouting pipe (16) is connected to a high-pressure nozzle (9). The high-pressure nozzle (9) is arranged near the end of the main rod body (6). A composite slurry (32) containing electrolyte ions is injected into the high-pressure nozzle (9) via the grouting pipe (16). The discharge structure comprises two electrode line slots (30) extending from the end of a main rod body (6) and bent and rotated to form a C shape and symmetrically arranged, each electrode line slot (30) is provided with an electrode hole (11) and an electrode sheet (13) is provided at the end, and two electrode line slots (30) connected to the electrode hole (11) are provided in the main rod body (6); the two electrode sheets (13) are respectively connected to the ends of two electrode wires (10) arranged through the electrode hole (11) and the electrode line slots (30), and the tails of the two electrode wires (10) are connected to a sensitive transformer (27), and current is injected into a composite slurry (32) containing electrolyte ions sprayed from a high-pressure nozzle (9) by using the electrode sheets (13); A pore pressure sensing device (12) is provided in the middle of the end of the main rod body (6) via a retractable micro spring (17) to detect the pore pressure inside the pore after grouting; Two tooth grooves (7) are formed on the surface of the main sleeve (28), and an annular sensitive voltage distance measuring device (8) capable of moving along the main sleeve (28) is connected to the two tooth grooves (7) through gears (14). The gears (14) are driven by a motor (3) arranged on the main rod body (6), thereby driving the annular sensitive voltage distance measuring device (8).

2. The sensitive voltage ranging device for drilling cracks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolyte ions in the composite slurry (32) have a conductive effect. After the composite slurry (32) is injected into the borehole, discharge is conducted by using the discharge structure to generate current in the composite slurry (32). The annular sensitive voltage distance measuring device (8) detects the distance from the inner surface of the crack (4) of the surrounding rock (1) to the main rod body (6) based on the voltage signal detected from the composite slurry (32) and the principle that the voltage increases with the distance under a constant current, thereby realizing the detection of the crack (4).

3. The sensitive voltage ranging device for drilling cracks according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular fiber mesh is provided on the high-pressure nozzle (9), so that the high-pressure slurry sprayed by the high-pressure nozzle (9) can only be sprayed along the circumference and radial directions. The main sleeve (28) is provided with an annular slurry stopper (20) on the outer cover of the crack (4) detection area to prevent the injected composite slurry (32) from penetrating into the main rod body (6).

4. The sensitive voltage ranging device for drilling cracks according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gear (14) for driving the annular sensitive voltage ranging device (8) to move, a motor (3), a storage card slot (15) and a data processor (21) are arranged on the main body sleeve (28). The gear (14) is connected via a tooth groove (7) and is driven by the motor (3). When the motor is not working, the integrated data processor (21) is connected to the annular sensitive voltage ranging device (8) via a data line in the storage card slot (15). A storage card is inserted in the storage card slot (15) and can store detection data of the annular sensitive voltage ranging device (8).

5. The sensitive voltage ranging device for drilling cracks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular sensitive voltage distance measuring device (8) is a highly sensitive voltmeter. When the composite slurry (32) fills the anchor hole (19) and fully penetrates the anchor hole (19), the electrode sheet (13) energizes the composite slurry (32) in the hole, and current is generated in the composite slurry (32). At this time, the annular sensitive voltage distance measuring device (8) slides on the entire rod body through the gear, and uses electrical signals to detect the voltage from the inner surface of the crack (4) to the annular sensitive voltage distance measuring device (8). The greater the generated voltage, the greater the distance. After multiple detections, the data processor (21) can calculate the corresponding position data based on the generated distance data.

6. A method for using the thermal imaging sensing device for drilling cracks according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Here are the steps: Drilling an anchor hole (19) at a pre-marked position of the surrounding rock (1), inserting a main sleeve (28) into the anchor hole (19), and then connecting a grouting vessel, a high-pressure air pump and a grouting pipe (16) via a piston switch (25); The composite slurry (32) containing electrolyte ions is stirred evenly in a grouting vessel, and then the grouting vessel is closed and the high-pressure air pump is started. The composite slurry (32) containing electrolyte ions is filled into the anchor hole (19) through the high-pressure nozzle (12), so that the crack (4) is also filled with the composite slurry (32). The composite slurry (32) in the hole is energized by the electrode sheet (13) to generate current, and the motor (3) is started. The gear (18) drives the annular sensitive voltage distance measuring device (8) to move on the surface of the rod body; thereby detecting the distance from the inner surface of the crack (4) in the anchor hole (19) to the annular sensitive voltage distance measuring device (8); During this process, the annular sensitive voltage distance measuring device will detect the distance change data generated by the composite slurry (32) containing electrolyte ions that penetrates into the crack (4), and each cross-sectional position information of the anchor hole (19) will be recorded and stored in the memory card in the memory card slot (15). The data will be transmitted to the data processor (21) through the data line (2). The memory card and the data processor (21) are connected through the storage line (5) in the memory card slot. The data processor (21) will calculate the distance change data based on the cross-sectional position information, and then re-synthesize it based on the cross-sectional position information. Finally, the imaging computer (29) can use algorithm analysis, data filtering, image processing and other technologies to draw a three-dimensional map of the anchor hole crack.

Images