System for energy dissipation and seismic joint of tunnel structure passing through active fault zone

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy dissipation anti-seismic joint system of a tunnel structure penetrating through an active fault zone, and relates to the technical field of tunnel and underground engineering design and construction. The tunnel supporting structures are connected through the energy dissipation viscous dampers, the lining structure is made to have the chain type structural characteristic, the tunnel structure automatically adjusts deformation along with the earthquake action and fault dislocation, and the anti-seismic effect is achieved. The anti-seismic joint has a good energy dissipation effect on vibration, when an earthquake occurs and under the reciprocating effect of the earthquake, the force transmission rod drives the force transmission top plate to generate displacement, at the moment, the two energy dissipation cavities are in a stretched / compressed state, and repeated energy dissipation of the structure is achieved through the combined action of stretching / compression yield energy dissipation of the SMA springs of the energy dissipation cavities and the damping materials; therefore, earthquake or dislocation energy is greatly dissipated, and the purpose of structural seismic resistance is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of tunnel and underground engineering design and construction, and in particular to a system for passing through an energy dissipation and seismic joint of a tunnel structure in an active fault zone. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of transportation construction in my country, the working conditions faced by mountain tunnels are becoming more and more complex. Active fault zones are the main areas of stress accumulation and release in the earth's crust. Their complex geological structures and frequent earthquake activities pose a great threat to the safety and stability of tunnel structures. Tunnel projects are facing increasingly severe seismic challenges when crossing active fault zones.

[0003] Traditional tunnel seismic design methods mainly focus on the strength and stiffness of tunnel structures. However, in active fault zones, this design method often fails to meet the requirements. When an earthquake occurs, ground movement will cause deformation and displacement of the tunnel structure. Strength and stiffness alone cannot effectively resist the effects of an earthquake. Therefore, it is necessary to seek a more scientific and reasonable seismic method to improve the seismic performance of tunnel structures in active fault zones. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a system for energy dissipation and seismic joints of a tunnel structure crossing an active fault zone, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] The present invention provides a system for energy dissipation and seismic joints of a tunnel structure crossing an active fault zone, comprising an energy dissipation and seismic joint device system. The energy dissipation and seismic joint system comprises a seismic buffer layer, a seismic joint waterproof structure, an energy dissipation viscous damper and a later reinforcement structure.

[0007] Preferably, the seismic buffer layer is a polyethylene buffer cushion layer, which is laid between the initial tunnel support and the secondary lining, and the secondary lining is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the lower end of the initial tunnel support.

[0008] Preferably, a lining seismic joint is provided between the two secondary linings, and a seismic joint waterproof structure is provided at the lining seismic joint, and the seismic joint waterproof structure includes a waterproof reinforcement layer, a U-shaped waterstop and a U-shaped waterstop, the U-shaped waterstop is fixed to the interface of the lining seismic joint by a first bolt, the U-shaped waterstop is fixed to the secondary lining by a second bolt, and the U-shaped waterstop is located on the air side of the lining seismic joint.

[0009] Preferably, the opposite surfaces of the two secondary linings are respectively fixed with lining end formwork and end steel formwork, and the inner walls of the lining end formwork and the end steel formwork are respectively in contact with the outer walls of the U-shaped waterstop and the U-shaped waterstop, and a plurality of energy dissipation viscous dampers are installed between the lining end formwork and the end steel formwork.

[0010] Preferably, the plurality of energy dissipation viscous dampers each include a protective shell, a force transmission rod, a force transmission top plate and a damper steel plate, the two ends of the protective shell are connected through the force transmission rod, the force transmission top plates are fixed on the opposite surfaces of the two force transmission rods, and the two force transmission top plates are located in an energy dissipation cavity inside the protective shell, an SMA spring is provided inside the energy dissipation cavity, the SMA springs are respectively sleeved on the outside of the two force transmission rods, and the two ends of the SMA spring are respectively in contact with the energy dissipation cavity and the force transmission top plate, and the interior of the energy dissipation cavity is filled with damping material.

[0011] Preferably, damper steel plates are fixed to the outer sides of the two force transmission rods, the damper steel plates on both sides are respectively welded and fixed to the lining end formwork and the end steel formwork, and embedded connecting ribs are fixed to the outer side of each damper steel plate, and the embedded connecting ribs are fixed to the secondary lining.

[0012] Preferably, the later reinforcement structure includes a plurality of grouting pipes, which are pre-buried inside the secondary lining, and the grouting pipes are used to reinforce and seal the secondary lining in an emergency.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, one or more of the above technical solutions have the following beneficial effects:

[0014] The present invention has the characteristics of simple structure, low construction cost, outstanding energy dissipation characteristics, etc. through the system of energy dissipation seismic joints. Under the action of earthquake and fault dislocation, the lining structure performance can be well exerted. The linings on both sides are connected by the energy dissipation seismic joints, which can make the tunnel structure present hinge chain type structural characteristics. The energy dissipation seismic joints also have a good energy dissipation effect, which greatly dissipates the earthquake or dislocation energy, thereby achieving the purpose of structural seismic resistance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0019] In the figure:

[0020] 1. Initial support of the tunnel; 2. Polyethylene cushion layer; 3. Waterproof reinforcement layer; 4. U-shaped waterstop; 5. First bolt; 6. Lining end formwork; 7. Energy dissipation viscous damper; 8. U-shaped waterstop; 9. Embedded steel bars; 10. Embedded steel plates; 11. Second bolt; 12. Grouting pipe; 13. Secondary lining; 14. End steel formwork; 15. Damper steel plate; 16. Embedded connecting bars; 17. Force transfer rod; 18. Energy dissipation cavity; 19. Protective shell; 20. SMA spring; 21. Damping material; 22. Force transfer top plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0022] See also Figure 1 - Figure 3 A system for energy dissipation and seismic joints of a tunnel structure crossing an active fault zone includes an energy dissipation and seismic joint device system. The energy dissipation and seismic joint system includes a seismic buffer layer, a seismic joint waterproof structure, an energy dissipation viscous damper 7 and a later reinforcement structure.

[0023] The anti-seismic buffer layer is a polyethylene buffer cushion layer 2, which is laid between the tunnel initial support 1 and the secondary lining 13. The secondary lining 13 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the lower end of the tunnel initial support 1.

[0024] A lining seismic joint is provided between the two secondary linings 13, and a seismic joint waterproof structure is provided at the lining seismic joint. The seismic joint waterproof structure includes a waterproof reinforcement layer 3, a U-shaped waterstop 4 and a U-shaped waterstop 8. The U-shaped waterstop 4 is fixed to the interface of the lining seismic joint by a first bolt 5, and the U-shaped waterstop 8 is fixed to the secondary lining 13 by a second bolt 11, and the U-shaped waterstop 8 is located on the air side of the lining seismic joint.

[0025] The opposite surfaces of the two secondary linings 13 are respectively fixed with a lining end formwork 6 and an end steel formwork 14, and the inner walls of the lining end formwork 6 and the end steel formwork 14 are respectively in contact with the outer walls of the U-shaped waterstop 4 and the U-shaped waterstop 8, and a plurality of energy dissipation viscous dampers 7 are installed between the lining end formwork 6 and the end steel formwork 14.

[0026] The multiple energy dissipation viscous dampers 7 all include a protective shell 19, a force transmission rod 17, a force transmission top plate 22 and a damper steel plate 15, the two ends of the protective shell 19 are connected through the force transmission rods 17, the force transmission top plates 22 are fixed on the opposite surfaces of the two force transmission rods 17, and the two force transmission top plates 22 are located in the energy dissipation cavity 18 inside the protective shell 19, the energy dissipation cavity 18 is provided with an SMA spring 20, the SMA springs 20 are respectively sleeved on the outside of the two force transmission rods 17, and the two ends of the SMA spring 20 are respectively in contact with the energy dissipation cavity 18 and the force transmission top plate 22, and the energy dissipation cavity 18 is filled with damping material 21.

[0027] Damper steel plates 15 are fixed to the outside of the two force transmission rods 17 , and the damper steel plates 15 on both sides are welded and fixed to the lining end formwork 6 and the end steel formwork 14 respectively. Embedded connecting ribs 16 are fixed to the outside of each damper steel plate 15 , and the embedded connecting ribs 16 are fixed to the secondary lining 13 .

[0028] The later reinforcement structure includes a plurality of grouting pipes 12, which are pre-buried in the secondary lining 13, and the grouting pipes 12 are used to reinforce and seal the secondary lining 13 in an emergency.

[0029] In the tunnel section with seismic joints, a polyethylene cushion layer 2 is laid between the initial tunnel support 1 and the secondary lining 13;

[0030] The seismic joint waterproof structure is that a waterproof reinforcement layer 3 is laid on the water side, which is then sealed with a U-shaped waterstop 4, and the end of the waterstop is fixed with a first bolt 5. The back water side of the seismic joint of the lining is sealed with a U-shaped waterstop 8, and the end of the waterstop is fixed to the secondary lining 13 with a second bolt 11.

[0031] In the middle part of the seismic joint, two rows of energy dissipation viscous dampers 7 are used for connection. The end of the force transmission rod 17 is provided with a damper steel plate 15 which is welded to the lining end formwork 6. The damper steel plate 15 is fixed to the embedded connecting ribs 16. Before the secondary lining 13 is poured, the embedded connecting ribs 16 are embedded in the secondary lining 13 and poured together with the secondary lining 13. When the energy dissipation viscous damper 7 passes through the lining end formwork 6, the embedded connecting ribs 16 can be inserted by punching.

[0032] In the lower part of the seismic joint, the inner lower sides of the two secondary linings 13 are provided with embedded steel plates 10, a plurality of embedded steel bars 9 are arranged between the embedded steel plates 10 and the secondary linings 13, and a screw hole for the second bolt 11 to pass through is opened in the middle of the embedded steel plates 10.

[0033] Furthermore, the energy dissipation viscous damper 7 is composed of an outer protective shell, two energy dissipation chambers 18, a force transmission rod 17 and a force transmission top plate 22. When an earthquake occurs or a fault moves, the lining is subjected to the earthquake force which is transmitted longitudinally to the adjacent lining end templates 6 on both sides through the seismic joints. A part of the earthquake force is borne by the lining, and a part of the earthquake energy can be dissipated through the energy dissipation seismic joints.

[0034] Furthermore, the active fault zone lining has a certain strength and rigidity. After being connected by energy dissipation anti-seismic joints, the whole structure presents hinge chain structure characteristics, so that the energy of earthquake and fault displacement can be greatly dissipated under this structure, thereby improving the safety performance of the structure. Figure 2 and Figure 3 .

[0035] Furthermore, under the action of earthquake, the structure is subjected to torsion and tension, and under the dislocation of faults, the tunnel structure will produce dislocation. After the initial support has a certain deformation and damage, the initial support 1 of the tunnel and the secondary lining 13 can be filled and compacted through grouting through the reserved grouting pipe 12, so as to re-enforce the deformation coordination effect between the initial support 1 of the tunnel and the secondary lining 13 and the surrounding rock.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for energy dissipation and seismic joints of a tunnel structure crossing an active fault zone, comprising an energy dissipation and seismic joint device system, characterized in that: The energy dissipation anti-seismic joint system comprises an anti-seismic buffer layer, an anti-seismic joint waterproof structure, an energy dissipation viscous damper (7) and a later reinforcement structure.

2. The system for energy dissipation and seismic joints of tunnel structures crossing active fault zones according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The anti-seismic buffer layer is a polyethylene buffer cushion layer (2), which is laid between the tunnel primary support (1) and the secondary lining (13), and the secondary lining (13) is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the lower end of the tunnel primary support (1).

3. The system for energy dissipation and seismic joints of tunnel structures crossing active fault zones according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A lining seismic joint is provided between the two secondary linings (13), and a seismic joint waterproof structure is provided at the lining seismic joint. The seismic joint waterproof structure comprises a waterproof reinforcement layer (3), a U-shaped waterstop (4) and a U-shaped waterstop (8). The U-shaped waterstop (4) is fixed to the interface of the lining seismic joint by a first bolt (5), and the U-shaped waterstop (8) is fixed to the secondary lining (13) by a second bolt (11), and the U-shaped waterstop (8) is located on the air side of the lining seismic joint.

4. The system for energy dissipation and seismic joints of tunnel structures crossing active fault zones according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The opposite surfaces of the two secondary linings (13) are respectively fixed with a lining end formwork (6) and an end steel formwork (14), and the inner walls of the lining end formwork (6) and the end steel formwork (14) are respectively in contact with the outer walls of the U-shaped waterstop (4) and the U-shaped waterstop (8), and a plurality of energy dissipation viscous dampers (7) are installed between the lining end formwork (6) and the end steel formwork (14).

5. The system for energy dissipation and seismic joints of tunnel structures crossing active fault zones according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The plurality of energy dissipation viscous dampers (7) each comprise a protective shell (19), a force transmission rod (17), a force transmission top plate (22) and a damper steel plate (15); the force transmission rods (17) are connected through both ends of the protective shell (19); force transmission top plates (22) are fixed on opposite surfaces of the two force transmission rods (17); the two force transmission top plates (22) are located in an energy dissipation cavity (18) inside the protective shell (19); an SMA spring (20) is provided inside the energy dissipation cavity (18); the SMA springs (20) are respectively sleeved on the outside of the two force transmission rods (17); the two ends of the SMA spring (20) are respectively in contact with the energy dissipation cavity (18) and the force transmission top plate (22); the energy dissipation cavity (18) is filled with a damping material (21).

6. The system for energy dissipation and seismic joints of tunnel structures crossing active fault zones according to claim 5, characterized in that: A damper steel plate (15) is fixed to the outer side of the two force transmission rods (17), and the damper steel plates (15) on both sides are welded and fixed to the lining end template (6) and the end steel template (14) respectively. A pre-buried connecting rib (16) is fixed to the outer side of each damper steel plate (15), and the pre-buried connecting rib (16) is fixed to the secondary lining (13).

7. The system for energy dissipation and seismic joints of tunnel structures crossing active fault zones according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The later reinforcement structure comprises a plurality of grouting pipes (12), wherein the plurality of grouting pipes (12) are pre-buried inside the secondary lining (13), and the grouting pipes (12) are used to reinforce and seal the secondary lining (13) in an emergency.

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