Electromagnetic sensor self-powered device for coal mine ventilation system

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of coal mine underground energy supply, and discloses an electromagnetic sensor self-energy-supply device for a coal mine ventilation system, and the electromagnetic sensor self-energy-supply device comprises a bending beam A and a matching power generation mechanism, the matching mechanism comprises a baffle plate, the baffle plate is provided with an electromagnetic assembly, and a piezoelectric plate is pasted on the bending beam A; the tail end of the bent beam A is fixedly connected with a wind power collecting structure, the piezoelectric plate and the electromagnetic assembly are electrically connected with a storage battery, the top of the bent beam A is fixedly connected with a magnet A, and the top of the magnet A is provided with a matched magnet B. Vibration energy and wind energy can be collected at the same time, the diversity of energy sources is increased, the sensor can be effectively self-powered under different environmental conditions, large deformation can be generated under the combined action of vibration and wind power through the design of the bending beam, and therefore the piezoelectric material and the electromagnetic assembly are effectively activated, the energy conversion efficiency is improved, and the sensor is suitable for being used in the field of wind power generation. And the sensor can still work stably under the high-power requirement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of underground coal mine energy supply, and in particular to an electromagnetic sensor self-power supply device for a coal mine ventilation system. Background Art

[0002] The mining mode of intelligent coal mines with few or no people has put forward high requirements for the working condition detection, posture perception and health monitoring of underground mechanical equipment. The traditional wired monitoring mode is not suitable for this development trend. The complex wiring channel and explosion-proof structure have become the main problems restricting the improvement of the intelligent monitoring level of underground equipment. As the core of the multifunctional wireless sensing network system, wireless sensors have achieved some practical applications in complex engineering environments such as underground coal mines. However, because the wireless sensor network is deployed in the underground working face, the environment is complex and harsh, the air is humid, the dust is high, and the ambient temperature is high. In order to solve the energy supply problem of each node sensor, the wired cable type energy supply has extremely high requirements for cable laying and electrical explosion-proof equipment, and requires long-term monitoring, regular inspection and maintenance, high cost and large workload; on the other hand, the chemical battery energy supply method faces problems such as limited battery life, regular replacement and easy rust of battery box. Therefore, the energy supply problem of wireless sensor networks in complex underground environments has become a bottleneck restricting the development of intelligent comprehensive mining technology in coal mines. It can be predicted that in the future underground intelligent sensor network, node sensors must have independent energy sources that do not rely on the outside world to achieve self-power supply.

[0003] In response to this demand, the rapidly developing environmental energy harvesting device provides an effective way to achieve self-powered underground sensors. Energy harvesting devices can convert a variety of natural or mechanical energy in the environment into electrical energy through various conversion mechanisms, thereby powering sensor nodes. This device is committed to meeting the self-powered needs of intelligent ventilation equipment sensors. When the underground ventilation system of a coal mine is in operation, variable wind speed random wind excitation is generated, which creates favorable conditions for the application of energy harvesting in underground coal mines.

[0004] Aiming at expanding the environmental energy source at the input end and the energy conversion mechanism at the output end of the original energy capture device, a bent beam piezoelectric-electromagnetic hybrid energy capture device based on wind energy and vibration energy was proposed and designed to meet the power demand of the wireless monitoring nodes of the ventilation equipment, and preliminarily realize the near-source monitoring self-power supply of the wireless sensor nodes of the underground ventilation system. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an electromagnetic sensor self-powered device for a coal mine ventilation system, which solves the problem of unstable operation of the sensor in the complex and harsh environment of underground coal mines.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: an electromagnetic sensor self-powered device for a coal mine ventilation system, comprising a bending beam A and a cooperating power generation mechanism, the cooperating mechanism comprising a baffle, an electromagnetic component is arranged on the baffle, a piezoelectric sheet is pasted on the bending beam A, a wind collection structure is fixedly connected to the end of the bending beam A, a storage battery is electrically connected to the piezoelectric sheet and the electromagnetic component, a magnet A is fixedly connected to the top of the bending beam A, and a matching magnet B is arranged on the top of the magnet A.

[0007] Preferably, the wind collection structure comprises a rectangular pier head body, and the curved outer wall of the rectangular pier head body is fixedly connected to the end of the bent beam A.

[0008] Preferably, the electromagnetic component includes permanent magnets, and the permanent magnets are provided in two groups, the outer wall of the permanent magnets in one group is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bending beam A, the outer wall of the permanent magnets in another group is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the baffle, and the outer wall of the permanent magnets in another group is sleeved with a coil, and the outer wall of the coil is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the baffle.

[0009] Preferably, the shape of the bending beam A is L-shaped, and the bending beam A is made of aluminum alloy.

[0010] Preferably, the cooperative power generation mechanism also includes a bent beam B, an outer wall of the bent beam B is provided with an electromagnetic component, the top of the bent beam B is fixedly connected to a mass block A, and the bent beam B and the bent beam A are fixedly connected below the mass block B.

[0011] A method for using an electromagnetic sensor self-powered device for a coal mine ventilation system, comprising the following steps:

[0012] S1. Choose the right materials: Choose the right piezoelectric sheets and electromagnetic components to ensure good energy conversion efficiency;

[0013] S2. Device structure design: Use an optimized L-shaped bending structure to ensure significant bending deformation under the action of wind force and foundation vibration;

[0014] S3. Energy collection module arrangement: a piezoelectric sheet is pasted on a specific position of the bending beam, and the deformation of the beam is used to directly activate the piezoelectric sheet to generate electrical energy. At the same time, an electromagnetic component, including a coil and a permanent magnet, is installed at one end or a specific position of the bending beam, and the vibration of the bending beam A is used to generate electromagnetic induction and thus generate electrical energy;

[0015] S4. Design of wind energy collection device: A rectangular pier head is installed at the end of the bent beam A to make the bent beam A vibrate through wind excitation, further expanding the types of energy collection;

[0016] S5. Energy management system configuration: Equipped with an efficient energy management system, using batteries or supercapacitors to electrically connect the piezoelectric sheet and electromagnetic components to store and collect the generated energy, while balancing the power output from the piezoelectric sheet and electromagnetic components;

[0017] S6. System integration: Integrate the energy harvesting device with the wind speed sensor to ensure that the sensor can obtain the required power under various working conditions;

[0018] S7. Testing and Optimization: Conduct tests in real environments to evaluate the performance of the device under different wind speed and vibration conditions. Further optimize the design and adjust structural parameters or material selection based on the test results.

[0019] S8. Application and deployment: The device is applied to the wireless sensor network of coal mine ventilation system.

[0020] Preferably, in step S1, the piezoelectric sheet includes: a piezoelectric film material or a piezoelectric fiber composite material, and the electromagnetic component includes: a coil and a permanent magnet.

[0021] Preferably, in step S4, the types of energy collection are expanded to include wind energy and vibration kinetic energy.

[0022] Preferably, in step S6, various working states include: Embodiment 1 is suitable for installation in a small limited space, and the use of mass blocks and two sets of bending beams in Embodiment 2 is more stable and has better durability.

[0023] An application of an electromagnetic sensor self-powered device for a coal mine ventilation system, an electromagnetic sensor self-powered device for a coal mine ventilation system as described in any one of claims 1-5, is applied in the field of energy supply, especially in the field of underground coal mine energy supply.

[0024] The present invention provides an electromagnetic sensor self-powered device for a coal mine ventilation system. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. The invention can collect vibration energy and wind energy at the same time, increasing the diversity of energy sources, so that the sensor can be effectively self-powered under different environmental conditions. The design of the bending beam can produce a large deformation under the combined action of vibration and wind, thereby effectively activating piezoelectric materials and electromagnetic components, improving energy conversion efficiency, and ensuring that the sensor can still work stably under high power requirements.

[0026] 2. The present invention can adapt to different environmental conditions, such as changing wind speed and multi-frequency vibration, and enhances the applicability and stability of the sensor in various application scenarios.

[0027] 2. The present invention, through the design of the bent beam, helps to achieve miniaturization of the device, facilitates integration with sensors, reduces space occupancy, and improves the overall integration of the system. It is suitable for use in environments with limited space such as underground coal mine tunnels.

[0028] 3. By combining vibration excitation and wind excitation, the present invention can achieve continuous self-power supply and reduce dependence on traditional batteries, thereby reducing maintenance costs and environmental impacts; the design of the bent beam can also improve the mechanical stability and durability of the device, ensuring good performance during long-term use, and is suitable for sensor applications in harsh environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0031] Among them, 1. piezoelectric sheet; 2. bent beam A; 3. baffle; 4. coil; 5. permanent magnet; 6. rectangular pier head; 7. magnet A; 8. magnet B; 9. mass block B; 10. bent beam B; 11. mass block A. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the specification of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Embodiment 1:

[0034] Please see attached Figure 1 Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides an electromagnetic sensor self-powered device for a coal mine ventilation system, including a bending beam A2 and a matching power generation mechanism, the matching mechanism including a baffle 3, a piezoelectric sheet 1 is attached to the bending beam A2, an electromagnetic component is arranged on the baffle 3, a wind collection structure is fixedly connected to the end of the bending beam A2 to increase the effect of wind on the device, a storage battery is electrically connected to the piezoelectric sheet 1 and the electromagnetic component, a magnet A7 is fixedly connected to the top of the bending beam A2, and a matching magnet B8 is arranged on the top of the magnet A7.

[0035] The wind collecting structure comprises a rectangular pier head body 6, the arc surface outer wall of the rectangular pier head body 6 is fixedly connected to the end of the bent beam A2, so as to improve the deformation effect of the wind on the bent beam A2.

[0036] The electromagnetic assembly includes two groups of permanent magnets 5 , wherein the outer wall of one group of permanent magnets 5 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bending beam A2 , and the outer wall of the other group of permanent magnets 5 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the baffle 3 .

[0037] The outer wall of another group of permanent magnets 5 is sleeved with a coil 4 , and the outer wall of the coil 4 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the baffle 3 .

[0038] The shape of the bending beam A2 is L-shaped, and the bending beam A2 is made of aluminum alloy, which has good elasticity and durability.

[0039] Beneficial effects of Example 1: Example 1 only uses one set of bent beams A2, and is simultaneously provided with magnets A7 and B8 to ensure the stability of the bent beams A2 during operation, and is suitable for installation in a small and limited space. This has great advantages for some space-constrained locations in coal mine ventilation systems, such as narrow ventilation ducts, near small monitoring equipment, etc. It can achieve self-powering without occupying too much space, and provides convenience for the layout of wireless sensor networks.

[0040] A method for using an electromagnetic sensor self-powered device for a coal mine ventilation system, comprising the following steps:

[0041] S1. Select appropriate materials: Select appropriate piezoelectric sheet 1 and electromagnetic component to ensure good energy conversion efficiency. The piezoelectric sheet 1 includes: piezoelectric film material or piezoelectric fiber composite material, and the electromagnetic component includes: coil 4 and permanent magnet 5;

[0042] S2. Device structure design: An optimized L-shaped bending structure is used to ensure significant bending deformation under the action of wind force and foundation vibration. Finite element analysis software is used for simulation to adjust the size, thickness and shape of the bending beam A2 to optimize performance;

[0043] S3. Energy collection module arrangement: the piezoelectric sheet 1 is pasted on a specific position of the bending beam, and the deformation of the beam is used to directly activate the piezoelectric sheet 1 to generate electrical energy. At the same time, an electromagnetic component including a coil 4 and a permanent magnet 5 is installed at one end or a specific position of the bending beam, and the vibration of the bending beam A2 is used to generate electromagnetic induction and then generate electrical energy;

[0044] The specific process of generating electricity includes:

[0045] 1. Power generation principle based on piezoelectric effect: When there is wind or foundation vibration in the ventilation system of the coal mine, the bending beam A2 will be bent and deformed by external force, and its shape is L-shaped. Under the action of wind force, the rectangular pier head body 6 is pushed by the wind, causing the end of the bending beam A2 to be displaced, and then the entire beam is bent. At this time, the piezoelectric sheet 1 attached to the bending beam A2 will be stretched or compressed as the beam deforms. According to the principle of piezoelectric effect, when the piezoelectric material is subjected to mechanical stress, polarization will occur inside it, thereby generating electric charge on the surface of the material. In this case, the positive and negative charges will be separated on the surface of the piezoelectric sheet 1. Since charges of different polarities are accumulated on both sides of the piezoelectric sheet 1, a potential difference voltage is formed. When the piezoelectric sheet 1 is connected to an external circuit, such as being connected to a storage battery through a wire, electrons will flow from one end of the piezoelectric sheet 1 to the other end under the action of the electric field, forming a current, thereby realizing the process of converting mechanical energy into electrical energy;

[0046] 2. Power generation principle based on electromagnetic induction: When the bending beam A2 vibrates, the permanent magnet 5 connected to it will also vibrate, and the vibration of the permanent magnet 5 will cause the intensity and direction of the magnetic field around it to change. When the permanent magnet 5 is close to or away from the coil 4, the magnetic flux inside the coil 4 will change. According to the law of electromagnetic induction, when the magnetic flux passing through the closed circuit changes, an induced electromotive force will be generated in the circuit. In this case, the coil 4, as part of the closed circuit, will generate an induced electromotive force due to the change in the internal magnetic flux. When the coil 4 is connected to an external storage battery, the induced electromotive force will drive the flow of electrons in the circuit to form an induced current, thereby converting mechanical energy into electrical energy;

[0047] 3. Principle of wind-assisted power generation: The rectangular pier head body 6 is a wind-collecting structure, and its design purpose is to more effectively capture the wind in the ventilation system. When the wind flows through the rectangular pier head body 6, it will exert a force on it. Since the pier head body is fixedly connected to the end of the bent beam A2, this force will be transmitted to the bent beam A2, causing the bent beam A2 to vibrate with a greater amplitude. The vibration of the bent beam A2 is intensified by the action of the wind, thereby further enhancing the deformation degree of the piezoelectric sheet 1 and the frequency and amplitude of the change of the magnetic field in the electromagnetic component. This makes the power generation process based on the piezoelectric effect and electromagnetic induction more active and can generate more electrical energy;

[0048] S4. Design of wind energy collection device: A wind collection structure is installed at the end of the bent beam A2. The wind collection structure is specifically a rectangular pier head body 6. The bent beam A2 is vibrated by wind excitation to further expand the types of energy collection;

[0049] S5. Energy management system configuration: Equipped with an efficient energy management system, using batteries or supercapacitors to electrically connect the piezoelectric sheet 1 and the electromagnetic assembly to store and collect the generated energy, while balancing the power output from the piezoelectric sheet 1 and the electromagnetic assembly to ensure stable power supply;

[0050] S6. System integration: Integrate the energy collection device with the wind speed sensor to ensure that the sensor can obtain the required power under various working conditions, including: Embodiment 1 is suitable for installation in a small and limited space, and the use of a mass block and two sets of bending beams in Embodiment 2 is more stable and has better durability;

[0051] S7. Testing and Optimization: Conduct tests in real environments to evaluate the performance of the device under different wind speed and vibration conditions. Further optimize the design and adjust structural parameters or material selection based on the test results.

[0052] S8. Application and deployment: The device is applied to the wireless sensor network of coal mine ventilation system.

[0053] Example 2: Please refer to the attached Figure 2 On the basis of the first embodiment, the second embodiment of the present invention provides an electromagnetic sensor self-powered device for a coal mine ventilation system, including a cooperating power generation mechanism, the cooperating power generation mechanism also includes a bending beam B10, the outer wall of the bending beam B10 is provided with an electromagnetic component, the top of the bending beam B10 is fixedly connected to a mass block A11, and the bending parts of the bending beams B10 and A2 are fixedly connected to a mass block B9.

[0054] Beneficial effects of Example 2: Based on Example 1, Example 2 replaces the baffle 3 with a bent beam B10, thereby improving the efficiency of energy conversion, and at the same time adds mass blocks A11 and B9, ensuring the stability and durability of the device in the complex environment of the coal mine ventilation system, reducing the risk of component damage due to external forces, and extending the service life, making it suitable for use in locations with spacious spaces.

[0055] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic sensor self-powered device for a coal mine ventilation system, comprising a bending beam A (2) and a matching power generation mechanism, wherein the matching mechanism comprises a baffle (3), an electromagnetic component is arranged on the baffle (3), a piezoelectric sheet (1) is pasted on the bending beam A (2), a wind collection structure is fixedly connected to the end of the bending beam A (2), a storage battery is electrically connected to the piezoelectric sheet (1) and the electromagnetic component, a magnet A (7) is fixedly connected to the top of the bending beam A (2), and a matching magnet B (8) is arranged on the top of the magnet A (7).

2. The electromagnetic sensor self-powered device for coal mine ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wind collection structure comprises a rectangular pier head body (6), the arcuate outer wall of the rectangular pier head body (6) being fixedly connected to the end of the bent beam A (2).

3. The electromagnetic sensor self-powered device for coal mine ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnetic assembly comprises a permanent magnet (5), and the permanent magnet (5) is provided in two groups, the outer wall of the permanent magnet (5) of one group is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bending beam A (2), the outer wall of the permanent magnet (5) of the other group is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the baffle (3), and the outer wall of the permanent magnet (5) of the other group is sleeved with a coil (4), and the outer wall of the coil (4) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the baffle (3).

4. The electromagnetic sensor self-powered device for coal mine ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shape of the bending beam A (2) is L-shaped, and the material of the bending beam A (2) is made of aluminum alloy.

5. The electromagnetic sensor self-powered device for coal mine ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooperative power generation mechanism also includes a bending beam B (10), the outer wall of which is provided with an electromagnetic component, the top of the bending beam B (10) is fixedly connected to a mass block A (11), and the bending parts of the bending beam B (10) and the bending beam A (2) are fixedly connected to a mass block B (9).

6. A method for using the electromagnetic sensor self-powered device for a coal mine ventilation system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Select appropriate materials: Select appropriate piezoelectric sheets (1) and electromagnetic components to ensure good energy conversion efficiency; S2. Device structure design: Use an optimized L-shaped bending structure to ensure significant bending deformation under the action of wind force and foundation vibration; S3. Energy collection module arrangement: a piezoelectric sheet (1) is pasted to a specific position of the bending beam, and the deformation of the beam is used to directly activate the piezoelectric sheet (1) to generate electrical energy. At the same time, an electromagnetic component, including a coil (4) and a permanent magnet (5), is installed at one end or a specific position of the bending beam, and the vibration of the bending beam A (2) is used to generate electromagnetic induction and thus generate electrical energy; S4. Design of wind energy collection device: A rectangular pier head (6) is installed at the end of the bending beam A (2), and the bending beam A (2) is vibrated by wind excitation, further expanding the types of energy collection; S5. Energy management system configuration: equipped with an efficient energy management system, using a battery or a supercapacitor to electrically connect the piezoelectric sheet (1) and the electromagnetic component to store and collect the generated energy, while balancing the power output from the piezoelectric sheet (1) and the electromagnetic component; S6. System integration: Integrate the energy harvesting device with the wind speed sensor to ensure that the sensor can obtain the required power under various working conditions; S7. Testing and Optimization: Conduct tests in real environments to evaluate the performance of the device under different wind speed and vibration conditions. Further optimize the design and adjust structural parameters or material selection based on the test results. S8. Application and deployment: The device is applied to the wireless sensor network of coal mine ventilation system.

7. The method for using the electromagnetic sensor self-powered device for a coal mine ventilation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S1, the piezoelectric sheet (1) comprises: a piezoelectric film material or a piezoelectric fiber composite material, and the electromagnetic component comprises: a coil (4) and a permanent magnet (5).

8. The method for using the electromagnetic sensor self-powered device for a coal mine ventilation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S4, the types of energy collection are expanded to include wind energy and vibration kinetic energy.

9. The method for using the electromagnetic sensor self-powered device for a coal mine ventilation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S6, various working states include: Embodiment 1 is suitable for installation in a small limited space, and the use of mass blocks and two sets of bending beams in Embodiment 2 is more stable and has better durability.

10. An application of an electromagnetic sensor self-powered device for a coal mine ventilation system, characterized in that: An electromagnetic sensor self-powered device for a coal mine ventilation system as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 is used in the field of energy supply, especially in the field of underground coal mine energy supply.

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