Multi-source heat pump system based on photovoltaic photo-thermal plate and operation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-source heat pump system based on a photovoltaic photo-thermal plate and an operation method.The multi-source heat pump system comprises a photovoltaic photo-thermal power generation assembly, a photovoltaic source heat pump unit, a first air source heat pump unit, a second air source heat pump unit and a user side use end; the photovoltaic photo-thermal power generation assembly comprises a photovoltaic photo-thermal plate and a shell-and-tube hot water heat exchanger communicating with the photovoltaic photo-thermal plate, and the photovoltaic source heat pump unit communicates with the shell-and-tube hot water heat exchanger and the user side use end and is used for supplying heat to the user side use end. The first air source heat pump unit is communicated with the shell-and-tube hot water heat exchanger and the user side using end and used for supplying heat to the user side using end, and the second air source heat pump unit is communicated with the shell-and-tube hot water heat exchanger and the user side using end and used for supplying heat or cooling to the user side using end.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of new energy, and more specifically, to a multi-source heat pump system based on photovoltaic thermal panels and an operation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, buildings require a lot of energy for heating, air conditioning, lighting and electricity use, among which cooling and heating require the most energy. With the global emphasis on environmental protection and sustainable development, the application of renewable energy in the construction field will become more and more extensive. Global environmental issues have made reducing the demand for energy in buildings an important issue. By adopting energy-saving technologies, promoting sustainable building materials and developing renewable energy, we can reduce the energy consumption and environmental impact of buildings and promote the sustainable development of energy.

[0003] At present, the application of solar low-temperature water heating system and solar photovoltaic power generation system has been rapidly developed. In some areas, the economical and energy-saving effects of domestic solar water heating system have been shown. Although the independent and grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system is relatively mature in technology.

[0004] However, the current photovoltaic thermal system is affected by climate change and the alternation of day and night, which makes the photovoltaic thermal system unstable and affects daily life. When the temperature of the photovoltaic thermal system is too high, the photoelectric conversion efficiency will decrease. On the other hand, the air source heat pump also has the problem of performance degradation due to the decrease in ambient temperature. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a multi-source heat pump system based on photovoltaic thermal panels and an operation method thereof.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: construct a multi-source heat pump system based on photovoltaic thermal panels, the multi-source heat pump system includes a photovoltaic thermal power generation component, a photovoltaic source heat pump unit, a first air source heat pump unit, a second air source heat pump unit and a user side use end; The photovoltaic thermal power generation component includes a photovoltaic thermal panel and a shell and tube hot water heat exchanger connected to the photovoltaic thermal panel. The photovoltaic source heat pump unit is connected to the shell and tube hot water heat exchanger and the user-side use end and is used to supply heat to the user-side use end. The first air source heat pump unit is connected to the shell and tube hot water heat exchanger and the user-side use end and is used to supply heat to the user-side use end. The second air source heat pump unit is connected to the shell and tube hot water heat exchanger and the user-side use end and is used to supply heat or cooling to the user-side use end.

[0007] In the multi-source heat pump system based on photovoltaic thermal panels described in the present invention, the photovoltaic source heat pump unit includes an air conditioning hot water plate heat exchanger, a first liquid reservoir, a first solenoid valve, a shell and tube heat exchanger, a first gas-liquid separator and a first compressor connected in sequence, and the first liquid reservoir is used to store refrigerant; The user-side use end includes a hot water storage tank and a first fan coil unit, the first fan coil unit is connected to the air-conditioning hot water plate heat exchanger, and the hot water storage tank is connected to the shell and tube heat exchanger.

[0008] In the multi-source heat pump system based on photovoltaic thermal panels described in the present invention, the first air source heat pump unit includes an air-conditioning hot water plate heat exchanger, a first liquid storage tank, a second solenoid valve, a first air heat exchanger, a first gas-liquid separator and a first compressor connected in sequence.

[0009] In the multi-source heat pump system based on photovoltaic thermal panels described in the present invention, a first one-way valve is provided between the shell and tube heat exchanger and the first gas-liquid separator, and the first one-way valve is used to control the one-way flow of liquid from the shell and tube heat exchanger to the first gas-liquid separator.

[0010] In the multi-source heat pump system based on photovoltaic thermal panels described in the present invention, the multi-source heat pump system also includes a first temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the liquid in the photovoltaic thermal panels, and a first controller electrically connected or signal-connected to the first temperature sensor, the first controller is electrically connected to the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve and is used to control the opening or closing of the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve.

[0011] In the multi-source heat pump system based on photovoltaic thermal panels described in the present invention, the second air source heat pump unit includes a second compressor, a first four-way valve, a second four-way valve, a second air heat exchanger, a second liquid storage tank, an air-conditioning hot and cold water shell and tube heat exchanger, a second gas-liquid separator, a third solenoid valve and a fourth solenoid valve.

[0012] In the multi-source heat pump system based on photovoltaic thermal panels described in the present invention, the second compressor, the first four-way valve, the second four-way valve, the second air heat exchanger, the second liquid storage tank, the air conditioning hot and cold water shell and tube heat exchanger, the second gas-liquid separator and the third solenoid valve constitute a heating circuit, and the third solenoid valve is used to control the start or shut down of the heating circuit; The second compressor, the first four-way valve, the second four-way valve, the second air heat exchanger, the second liquid storage tank, the air conditioning hot and cold water shell and tube heat exchanger, the second gas-liquid separator and the fourth solenoid valve constitute a refrigeration circuit, and the fourth solenoid valve is used to control the start or shut down of the refrigeration circuit.

[0013] In the multi-source heat pump system based on photovoltaic thermal panels described in the present invention, the user-side use end also includes a second fan coil unit, and the second fan coil unit is connected to the air-conditioning cold and hot water shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

[0014] In the multi-source heat pump system based on photovoltaic thermal panels described in the present invention, the multi-source heat pump system also includes a second temperature sensor for detecting the indoor ambient temperature, and a second controller electrically connected or signal-connected to the second temperature sensor, and the second controller is electrically connected to the third solenoid valve and the fourth solenoid valve and is used to control the opening or closing of the third solenoid valve and the fourth solenoid valve.

[0015] Another technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: disclosing an operation method based on a multi-source heat pump system, the operation method comprising the following steps: S101, detecting the water temperature of the photovoltaic thermal panel in the photovoltaic thermal power generation assembly, and comparing the water temperature with a first preset temperature; S102, when the water temperature is higher than or equal to the first preset temperature, controlling the photovoltaic heat pump unit to start, and supplying heat to the user-side end through the photovoltaic heat pump unit; S103, when the water temperature is lower than the first preset temperature, controlling the first air source heat pump unit to start, and supplying heat to the user-side end through the first air source heat pump unit; S104, detecting the indoor ambient temperature, and comparing the ambient temperature with a second preset temperature; S105, when the ambient temperature is higher than or equal to the second preset temperature, controlling the refrigeration circuit of the second air source heat pump unit to start, and cooling the user-side end through the second air source heat pump unit; S106, when the ambient temperature is lower than the second preset temperature, the heating circuit of the second air source heat pump unit is controlled to start, and the second air source heat pump unit is used to supply heat to the user-side end.

[0016] The implementation of the multi-source heat pump system based on photovoltaic thermal panels and the operation method of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: when the multi-source heat pump system based on photovoltaic thermal panels of the present invention is used, the water temperature of the photovoltaic thermal panels in the photovoltaic thermal power generation assembly is detected in real time, and the water temperature is compared with the first preset temperature. When the water temperature is higher than or equal to the first preset temperature, the photovoltaic source heat pump unit is controlled to start, and the photovoltaic source heat pump unit is used to supply heat to the user side end, and when the water temperature is lower than the first preset temperature, the first air source heat pump unit is controlled to start, and the first air source heat pump unit is used to supply heat to the user side end. Further, the indoor ambient temperature is detected, and the ambient temperature is compared with the second preset temperature. When the ambient temperature is higher than or equal to the second preset temperature, the refrigeration circuit of the second air source heat pump unit is controlled to start, and the user side end is cooled by the second air source heat pump unit, and when the ambient temperature is lower than the second preset temperature, the heating circuit of the second air source heat pump unit is controlled to start, and the user side end is heated by the second air source heat pump unit.

[0017] In this application, solar power generation is utilized, and the power generated by the solar photovoltaic thermal system can be used to supply power to the system or to the daily needs of the user end, thereby reducing the system's use of traditional city electricity, reducing the coal combustion required for thermal power generation, and greatly reducing environmental pollution.

[0018] The heat of the photovoltaic thermal panel is transmitted through the shell and tube hot water heat exchanger, thereby reducing the temperature of the photovoltaic thermal panel and improving the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation. It can be used with the air conditioning hot water plate heat exchanger to heat the fan coil unit, and can also be used with the shell and tube heat exchanger to heat the hot water tank to meet the hot water needs of the user side. While using solar energy to generate electricity, the excess solar energy can be used for residential hot water or air conditioning heating, which improves the utilization rate of solar energy.

[0019] Specifically, the present application detects the temperature of the photovoltaic thermal panel and uses a shell-and-tube hot water heat exchanger to transfer the heat of the photovoltaic thermal panel to avoid the problem of excessive temperature causing a decrease in photoelectric conversion efficiency. At the same time, the heat of photovoltaic thermal hot water is used for heating the user-side hot water storage tank and air conditioning heating. Compared with the existing hot water heating and heating only through air heat sources, this solution avoids the problem of performance degradation of the air source heat pump due to the decrease in ambient temperature caused by the instability of the photovoltaic thermal system due to climate change and day and night alternation. The operating method of the present application stores excess energy and uses it for heating at the user end while ensuring that the power generation efficiency is maintained at the best. The entire system operates more stably and has significant energy-saving effects.

[0020] At the same time, in addition to the photovoltaic source heat pump system of photovoltaic thermal energy, this application also has a separate air source heat pump system, which flexibly uses components such as one-way valves, solenoid valves and four-way valves to change the flow direction of the refrigerant to achieve hot water production, air conditioning heating and air conditioning refrigeration. The system of this application combines multiple energy-saving technologies, integrating power generation, hot water production, air conditioning heating and air conditioning refrigeration functions into an integrated device, thereby improving the utilization rate of the equipment. This device has intelligent centralized control, allowing users to control it according to their needs, with a high degree of intelligence and easy operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which: Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a multi-source heat pump system based on photovoltaic thermal panels of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] like Figure 1As shown, in the first embodiment of the multi-source heat pump system based on photovoltaic thermal panels of the present invention, the multi-source heat pump system 10 includes a photovoltaic thermal power generation component 11, a photovoltaic source heat pump unit 12, a first air source heat pump unit 13, a second air source heat pump unit 14 and a user-side use end; The photovoltaic thermal power generation component 11 includes a photovoltaic thermal panel 15 and a shell and tube hot water heat exchanger 16 connected to the photovoltaic thermal panel 15. The photovoltaic source heat pump unit 12 is connected to the shell and tube hot water heat exchanger 16 and the user side use end and is used to supply heat to the user side use end. The first air source heat pump unit 13 is connected to the shell and tube hot water heat exchanger 16 and the user side use end and is used to supply heat to the user side use end. The second air source heat pump unit 14 is connected to the shell and tube hot water heat exchanger 16 and the user side use end and is used to supply heat or cooling to the user side use end.

[0024] When using the multi-source heat pump system based on photovoltaic thermal panels of the present invention, the water temperature of the photovoltaic thermal panels 15 in the photovoltaic thermal power generation assembly 11 is detected in real time, and the water temperature is compared with the first preset temperature. When the water temperature is higher than or equal to the first preset temperature, the photovoltaic source heat pump unit 12 is controlled to start, and heat is supplied to the user side end through the photovoltaic source heat pump unit 12. When the water temperature is lower than the first preset temperature, the first air source heat pump unit 13 is controlled to start, and heat is supplied to the user side end through the first air source heat pump unit 13. Further, the indoor ambient temperature is detected, and the ambient temperature is compared with the second preset temperature. When the ambient temperature is higher than or equal to the second preset temperature, the refrigeration circuit of the second air source heat pump unit 14 is controlled to start, and the user side end is cooled through the second air source heat pump unit 14. When the ambient temperature is lower than the second preset temperature, the heating circuit of the second air source heat pump unit 14 is controlled to start, and heat is supplied to the user side end through the second air source heat pump unit 14.

[0025] In this application, solar power generation is utilized, and the power generated by the solar photovoltaic thermal system can be used to supply power to the system or to the daily needs of the user end, thereby reducing the system's use of traditional city electricity, reducing the coal combustion required for thermal power generation, and greatly reducing environmental pollution.

[0026] The heat of the photovoltaic thermal panel 15 is transmitted through the shell and tube hot water heat exchanger 16, thereby reducing the temperature of the photovoltaic thermal panel 15 and improving the photovoltaic power generation efficiency. It is used to heat the fan coil in conjunction with the air conditioning hot water plate heat exchanger, and can also be used in conjunction with the shell and tube heat exchanger 20 to heat the hot water tank to meet the hot water use of the user side. While using light energy to generate electricity, the excess light energy can be used for residential hot water or air conditioning heating, thereby improving the utilization rate of light energy.

[0027] Specifically, the present application detects the temperature of the photovoltaic thermal panel 15, and uses the shell and tube hot water heat exchanger 16 to transmit the heat of the photovoltaic thermal panel 15 to avoid the problem of excessive temperature causing a decrease in photoelectric conversion efficiency. At the same time, the photovoltaic thermal hot water heat is used for heating the hot water storage tank 23 at the user end and air conditioning heating. Compared with the existing hot water heating and heating only through air heat sources, this solution avoids the problem of the performance of the air source heat pump being reduced due to the decrease in ambient temperature caused by the instability of the photovoltaic thermal system due to climate change and day and night alternation. The operating method of the present application stores excess energy and uses it for heating at the user end while ensuring that the power generation efficiency is maintained at the best. The entire system operates more stably and has significant energy-saving effects.

[0028] At the same time, in addition to the photovoltaic source heat pump system of photovoltaic thermal energy, this application also has a separate air source heat pump system, which flexibly uses components such as one-way valves, solenoid valves and four-way valves to change the flow direction of the refrigerant to achieve hot water production, air conditioning heating and air conditioning refrigeration. The system of this application combines multiple energy-saving technologies, integrating power generation, hot water production, air conditioning heating and air conditioning refrigeration functions into an integrated device, thereby improving the utilization rate of the equipment. This device has intelligent centralized control, allowing users to control it according to their needs, with a high degree of intelligence and easy operation.

[0029] Specifically, the photovoltaic source heat pump unit 12 includes an air conditioning hot water plate heat exchanger 17, a first liquid storage tank 18, a first solenoid valve 19, a shell and tube heat exchanger 20, a first gas-liquid separator 21 and a first compressor 22 which are connected in sequence, and the first liquid storage tank 18 is used to store refrigerant.

[0030] The user-side use end includes a hot water storage tank 23 and a first fan coil unit 24 . The first fan coil unit 24 is connected to the air-conditioning hot water plate heat exchanger 17 , and the hot water storage tank 23 is connected to the shell and tube heat exchanger 20 .

[0031] Similarly, the first air source heat pump unit 13 includes an air conditioning hot water plate heat exchanger 17, a first liquid storage tank 18, a second solenoid valve 25, a first air heat exchanger 26, a first gas-liquid separator 21 and a first compressor 22 which are connected in sequence.

[0032] Furthermore, a first one-way valve 27 is provided between the shell and tube heat exchanger 20 and the first gas-liquid separator 21 . The first one-way valve 27 is used to control the one-way flow of liquid from the shell and tube heat exchanger 20 to the first gas-liquid separator 21 .

[0033] To facilitate the control of switching between the photovoltaic source heat pump unit 12 and the first air source heat pump unit 13, the multi-source heat pump system 10 also includes a first temperature sensor for detecting the liquid temperature in the photovoltaic thermal panel 15, and a first controller electrically connected or signal-connected to the first temperature sensor. The first controller is electrically connected to the first solenoid valve 19 and the second solenoid valve 25 and is used to control the opening or closing of the first solenoid valve 19 and the second solenoid valve 25.

[0034] In this embodiment, the second air source heat pump unit 14 includes a second compressor 28, a first four-way valve 29, a second four-way valve 30, a second air heat exchanger 31, a second liquid storage tank 32, an air conditioning hot and cold water shell and tube heat exchanger 33, a second gas-liquid separator 34, a third solenoid valve 35 and a fourth solenoid valve 36.

[0035] Specifically, the second compressor 28, the first four-way valve 29, the second four-way valve 30, the second air heat exchanger 31, the second liquid storage tank 32, the air conditioning hot and cold water shell and tube heat exchanger 33, the second gas-liquid separator 34 and the third solenoid valve 35 constitute a heating circuit, and the third solenoid valve 35 is used to control the start or shut down of the heating circuit.

[0036] The second compressor 28, the first four-way valve 29, the second four-way valve 30, the second air heat exchanger 31, the second liquid storage tank 32, the air conditioning hot and cold water shell and tube heat exchanger 33, the second gas-liquid separator 34 and the fourth solenoid valve 36 constitute a refrigeration circuit, and the fourth solenoid valve 36 is used to control the start or shut down of the refrigeration circuit.

[0037] Furthermore, the user-side use end also includes a second fan coil unit 37 , and the second fan coil unit 37 is connected to the air-conditioning hot and cold water shell-and-tube heat exchanger 33 .

[0038] To facilitate the control switching of the heating circuit and the cooling circuit of the second air source heat pump unit 14, the multi-source heat pump system 10 also includes a second temperature sensor for detecting the indoor ambient temperature, and a second controller electrically connected or signal-connected to the second temperature sensor. The second controller is electrically connected to the third solenoid valve 35 and the fourth solenoid valve 36 and is used to control the opening or closing of the third solenoid valve 35 and the fourth solenoid valve 36.

[0039] In another embodiment of the present invention, an operation method based on a multi-source heat pump system is also disclosed, and the operation method comprises the following steps: S101, detecting the water temperature of the photovoltaic thermal panel in the photovoltaic thermal power generation assembly, and comparing the water temperature with a first preset temperature; S102, when the water temperature is higher than or equal to the first preset temperature, controlling the photovoltaic heat pump unit to start, and supplying heat to the user-side end through the photovoltaic heat pump unit; S103, when the water temperature is lower than the first preset temperature, controlling the first air source heat pump unit to start, and supplying heat to the user-side end through the first air source heat pump unit; S104, detecting the indoor ambient temperature, and comparing the ambient temperature with a second preset temperature; S105, when the ambient temperature is higher than or equal to the second preset temperature, controlling the refrigeration circuit of the second air source heat pump unit to start, and cooling the user-side end through the second air source heat pump unit; S106, when the ambient temperature is lower than the second preset temperature, the heating circuit of the second air source heat pump unit is controlled to start, and the second air source heat pump unit is used to supply heat to the user-side end.

[0040] When implementing the operation method of the multi-source heat pump system of the present invention, the water temperature of the photovoltaic thermal panel 15 in the photovoltaic thermal power generation assembly 11 is detected in real time, and the water temperature is compared with the first preset temperature. When the water temperature is higher than or equal to the first preset temperature, the photovoltaic source heat pump unit 12 is controlled to start, and heat is supplied to the user side end through the photovoltaic source heat pump unit 12. When the water temperature is lower than the first preset temperature, the first air source heat pump unit 13 is controlled to start, and heat is supplied to the user side end through the first air source heat pump unit 13. Further, the indoor ambient temperature is detected, and the ambient temperature is compared with the second preset temperature. When the ambient temperature is higher than or equal to the second preset temperature, the refrigeration circuit of the second air source heat pump unit 14 is controlled to start, and the user side end is cooled through the second air source heat pump unit 14. When the ambient temperature is lower than the second preset temperature, the heating circuit of the second air source heat pump unit 14 is controlled to start, and heat is supplied to the user side end through the second air source heat pump unit 14.

[0041] In this application, solar power generation is utilized, and the power generated by the solar photovoltaic thermal system can be used to supply power to the system or to the daily needs of the user end, thereby reducing the system's use of traditional city electricity, reducing the coal combustion required for thermal power generation, and greatly reducing environmental pollution.

[0042] The heat of the photovoltaic thermal panel 15 is transmitted through the shell and tube hot water heat exchanger 16, thereby reducing the temperature of the photovoltaic thermal panel 15 and improving the photovoltaic power generation efficiency. It is used to heat the fan coil in conjunction with the air conditioning hot water plate heat exchanger, and can also be used in conjunction with the shell and tube heat exchanger 20 to heat the hot water tank to meet the hot water use of the user side. While using light energy to generate electricity, the excess light energy can be used for residential hot water or air conditioning heating, thereby improving the utilization rate of light energy.

[0043] Specifically, the present application detects the temperature of the photovoltaic thermal panel 15, and uses the shell and tube hot water heat exchanger 16 to transmit the heat of the photovoltaic thermal panel 15 to avoid the problem of excessive temperature causing a decrease in photoelectric conversion efficiency. At the same time, the photovoltaic thermal hot water heat is used for heating the hot water storage tank 23 at the user end and air conditioning heating. Compared with the existing hot water heating and heating only through air heat sources, this solution avoids the problem of the performance of the air source heat pump being reduced due to the decrease in ambient temperature caused by the instability of the photovoltaic thermal system due to climate change and day and night alternation. The operating method of the present application stores excess energy and uses it for heating at the user end while ensuring that the power generation efficiency is maintained at the best. The entire system operates more stably and has significant energy-saving effects.

[0044] At the same time, in addition to the photovoltaic source heat pump system of photovoltaic thermal energy, this application also has a separate air source heat pump system, which flexibly uses components such as one-way valves, solenoid valves and four-way valves to change the flow direction of the refrigerant to achieve hot water production, air conditioning heating and air conditioning refrigeration. The system of this application combines multiple energy-saving technologies, integrating power generation, hot water production, air conditioning heating and air conditioning refrigeration functions into an integrated device, thereby improving the utilization rate of the equipment. This device has intelligent centralized control, allowing users to control it according to their needs, with a high degree of intelligence and easy operation.

[0045] In addition, in the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", "stacked" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0046] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-source heat pump system based on photovoltaic thermal panels, characterized in that: The multi-source heat pump system includes a photovoltaic thermal power generation component, a photovoltaic source heat pump unit, a first air source heat pump unit, a second air source heat pump unit and a user-side use end; The photovoltaic thermal power generation assembly includes a photovoltaic thermal panel, a shell and tube hot water heat exchanger connected to the photovoltaic thermal panel, the photovoltaic source heat pump unit is connected to the shell and tube hot water heat exchanger and the user side use end and is used to supply heat to the user side use end, the first air source heat pump unit is connected to the shell and tube hot water heat exchanger and the user side use end and is used to supply heat to the user side use end, and the second air source heat pump unit is connected to the shell and tube hot water heat exchanger and the user side use end and is used to supply heat or cooling to the user side use end; The photovoltaic source heat pump unit comprises an air conditioning hot water plate heat exchanger, a first liquid storage tank, a first solenoid valve, a shell and tube heat exchanger, a first gas-liquid separator and a first compressor which are connected in sequence, wherein the first liquid storage tank is used to store refrigerant; The user-side use end includes a hot water storage tank and a first fan coil unit, the first fan coil unit is connected to the air-conditioning hot water plate heat exchanger, and the hot water storage tank is connected to the shell and tube heat exchanger; The first air source heat pump unit includes an air conditioning hot water plate heat exchanger, a first liquid storage tank, a second solenoid valve, a first air heat exchanger, a first gas-liquid separator and a first compressor which are connected in sequence.

2. The multi-source heat pump system based on photovoltaic thermal panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first one-way valve is provided between the shell and tube heat exchanger and the first gas-liquid separator, and the first one-way valve is used to control the one-way flow of liquid from the shell and tube heat exchanger to the first gas-liquid separator.

3. The multi-source heat pump system based on photovoltaic thermal panels according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The multi-source heat pump system also includes a first temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the liquid in the photovoltaic thermal panel, and a first controller electrically connected or signal-connected to the first temperature sensor, the first controller being electrically connected to the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve and being used to control the opening or closing of the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve.

4. The multi-source heat pump system based on photovoltaic thermal panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second air source heat pump unit includes a second compressor, a first four-way valve, a second four-way valve, a second air heat exchanger, a second liquid storage tank, an air conditioning hot and cold water shell and tube heat exchanger, a second gas-liquid separator, a third solenoid valve and a fourth solenoid valve.

5. The multi-source heat pump system based on photovoltaic thermal panels according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The second compressor, the first four-way valve, the second four-way valve, the second air heat exchanger, the second liquid storage tank, the air conditioning hot and cold water shell and tube heat exchanger, the second gas-liquid separator and the third solenoid valve form a heating circuit, and the third solenoid valve is used to control the start or shut down of the heating circuit; The second compressor, the first four-way valve, the second four-way valve, the second air heat exchanger, the second liquid storage tank, the air conditioning hot and cold water shell and tube heat exchanger, the second gas-liquid separator and the fourth solenoid valve constitute a refrigeration circuit, and the fourth solenoid valve is used to control the start or shut down of the refrigeration circuit.

6. The multi-source heat pump system based on photovoltaic thermal panels according to claim 5, characterized in that: The user-side use end also includes a second fan coil unit, and the second fan coil unit is connected to the air-conditioning cold and hot water shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

7. The multi-source heat pump system based on photovoltaic thermal panels according to claim 6, characterized in that: The multi-source heat pump system also includes a second temperature sensor for detecting the indoor ambient temperature, and a second controller electrically connected or signal-connected to the second temperature sensor, the second controller being electrically connected to the third solenoid valve and the fourth solenoid valve and being used to control the opening or closing of the third solenoid valve and the fourth solenoid valve.

8. An operation method based on a multi-source heat pump system, characterized in that: The operation method comprises the following steps: S101, detecting the water temperature of the photovoltaic thermal panel in the photovoltaic thermal power generation assembly, and comparing the water temperature with a first preset temperature; S102, when the water temperature is higher than or equal to a first preset temperature, controlling the photovoltaic heat pump unit to start, and supplying heat to the user-side end through the photovoltaic heat pump unit; S103, when the water temperature is lower than the first preset temperature, controlling the first air source heat pump unit to start, and supplying heat to the user-side end through the first air source heat pump unit; S104, detecting the indoor ambient temperature, and comparing the ambient temperature with a second preset temperature; S105, when the ambient temperature is higher than or equal to the second preset temperature, controlling the refrigeration circuit of the second air source heat pump unit to start, and cooling the user-side end through the second air source heat pump unit; S106, when the ambient temperature is lower than the second preset temperature, controlling the heating circuit of the second air source heat pump unit to start, and supplying heat to the user-side end through the second air source heat pump unit.

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