Novel fluidized bed furnace

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel fluidized bed furnace which comprises a furnace body, and a coal sliding pipe inclining downwards is arranged on the furnace body. A plurality of cooling holes are obliquely and downwards formed in the furnace body wall and are connected with an air inlet pipe; a sieve plate is obliquely and fixedly arranged in the coal slipping pipe, a plurality of convex teeth are uniformly fixed on the surface of one end of the sieve plate, a plurality of gears for crushing are rotatably arranged in the coal slipping pipe through a motor, the plurality of gears and the plurality of convex teeth are arranged at intervals in a crossed manner, a baffle is fixedly arranged in the coal slipping pipe, and the baffle is located above the gears; the bottom of the coal sliding pipe is connected with the discharging end of the purified ash bin through an ash conveying pipe, and the discharging end of the purified ash bin is connected with the air outlet end of the fan. The device has the advantages that the fire coal can be uniformly dispersed under the action of the air bellow in the furnace, the phenomena of deposition and cold ash (sediment) in the furnace are avoided, the fire coal and the calcium carbide furnace purified ash are mixed and preheated, the combustion speed after the calcium carbide furnace purified ash is fed into the furnace is increased, and the combustion efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical field:

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fluidized bed furnaces, in particular to a novel fluidized bed furnace. Background technology:

[0002] Semi-coke is a kind of coal. During the reduction reaction of semi-coke powder in calcium carbide furnace, a large amount of high-temperature (650 to 1200℃) calcium carbide furnace tail gas will be produced. The main components of the tail gas are carbon monoxide and purified ash. Due to the high concentration of purified ash (100 to 250g / Nm 3 ), and contains about 75% CO and a small amount of coal tar, which is flammable, explosive, difficult to dissolve in water and has strong viscosity. Therefore, the purified ash from the calcium carbide furnace is generally treated by stacking or landfilling. However, the above treatment method will cause serious dust during the loading and unloading and stacking process, seriously polluting the surrounding environment, and the storage area is large; and because the purified ash has a high carbon content, it is flammable and explosive dust; it is very easy to spontaneously combust when it encounters air, and there are major safety hazards. Therefore, in order to avoid the waste of purified ash from the calcium carbide furnace, the purified ash from the calcium carbide furnace is usually sent into the boiling furnace as fuel through a fan and mixed with other coal for combustion.

[0003] Among them, the boiling furnace is a coke preparation equipment that uses fluidization technology to heat coal powder, also known as a fluidized bed heating furnace. This equipment can also be used to dry distill high-volatile non-sticky or weakly sticky pulverized coal to prepare hot carbon powder to serve as the raw material and solid heat carrier for the hot pressing coke process. There are two types of boiling furnaces: external combustion and internal heating type and internal combustion and internal heating type. The boiling furnace uses external hot exhaust gas or hot exhaust gas generated by the combustion of part of the coal powder in the furnace as the fluidizing medium. The fluidizing medium passes through the coal powder layer, so that the coal particles are in a suspended motion state and carry out gas-solid phase heat exchange. In the gas-solid fluidized bed, the movement of solid particles is like boiling liquid. Due to the small coal particles and large surface area, the gas and solid relative motion is intense, so the heat transfer rate is fast, which can quickly heat the coal powder to the required temperature.

[0004] The current problem is: a coal chute is arranged on the furnace wall of the boiling furnace, and the coal is supplied to the furnace cavity through the coal chute. Usually, the particle size range of the coal entering the boiling furnace is 1-10mm, among which 5-10mm is the main particle size. If the particle size is larger than 10mm, the wind speed of the bellows will be less than the wind speed required by the average particle size in the furnace, and the large particles of coal cannot be evenly dispersed to other areas in the furnace, making it easy for the large particles of coal to be deposited at the feed point in the furnace, forming cold ash (slag), affecting the deterioration of the boiling condition in the furnace and making accidents prone to occur; an air distribution plate and an air hood are arranged at the bottom of the main furnace of the furnace body, and the purified ash of the calcium carbide furnace is usually blown into the furnace through the air hood. Since the purified ash of the calcium carbide furnace is highly sticky, the air hood often has the problem of clogging after long-term use, so the air hood needs to be replaced regularly to meet production needs. Summary of the invention:

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a novel boiling furnace to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] The present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0007] A new type of boiling furnace comprises a furnace body, wherein an air distribution plate and an air hood are arranged at the bottom of the main furnace of the furnace body, wherein the air hood is arranged on the air distribution plate, wherein a coal chute inclined downward is arranged on the vertical wall on the left side of the main furnace of the furnace body; wherein a plurality of cooling holes are opened in the vertical wall in an inclined downward direction, wherein an air inlet pipe is arranged on the outer side of the vertical wall, wherein the air inlet pipe is connected to the plurality of cooling holes; wherein a sieve plate is arranged in an inclined and fixed manner on the inner surface of the coal chute close to the vertical wall, wherein a plurality of convex teeth are evenly fixed on the surface of one end of the sieve plate in an inclined downward direction, wherein the inner surface of the coal chute away from the vertical wall is rotated A round roller is provided, on which a plurality of gears for crushing are evenly fixed, and the plurality of gears and the plurality of convex teeth are arranged crosswise and at intervals, a baffle is obliquely fixedly provided on the inner surface of the side of the coal chute away from the vertical wall, and the end of the baffle inclined downward is located above the gear, and a motor is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the furnace body, and the output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to one end of the round roller; the bottom of the coal chute is connected to one end of the ash conveying pipe, and the other end of the ash conveying pipe is connected to the discharge end of the purified ash bin, and the discharge end of the purified ash bin is connected to the air outlet end of the fan.

[0008] Preferably, an explosion-proof hole is provided on the top of the furnace body.

[0009] Preferably, the structure of the vertical wall is divided into high-aluminum refractory bricks, lightweight thermal insulation castables and red bricks in sequence from inside the furnace to outside the furnace, a ring beam is embedded between the high-aluminum refractory bricks and the lightweight thermal insulation castable, the ring beam is filled with high-strength corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant castable, and a heat-resistant steel grid is also fixedly arranged in the ring beam. The heat-resistant steel grid is fixedly connected to the high-aluminum refractory bricks, lightweight thermal insulation castables, red bricks and coal chute by heat-resistant steel anchor reinforcement.

[0010] Preferably, the diameter of the sieve holes of the sieve plate is 10 mm.

[0011] Preferably, there are gaps between the multiple convex teeth and the multiple gears that are arranged crosswise and spaced apart from each other, and the distance of the gaps is 10 mm.

[0012] Preferably, the air inlet end of the air inlet duct is connected to the air outlet end of the cooling fan.

[0013] Preferably, the inner surface of the ash conveying pipe is detachably provided with two semicircular tubes, and arc-shaped clamping plates are fixed on the two long end faces of the semicircular tubes, so that the two semicircular tubes can be clamped to each other through the arc-shaped clamping plates.

[0014] The advantages of the present invention are: it can effectively prevent the coal particle size from being larger than 10 mm, so that the coal entering the furnace can be evenly dispersed in the furnace under the action of the bellows, avoiding the occurrence of deposition and cold ash (slag) in the furnace, and reducing the occurrence of accidents; at the same time, by utilizing the cooling holes, the cold air can effectively reduce the impact of high temperature on the wall, thereby protecting the wall; and the purified ash from the calcium carbide furnace can be recycled and burned, and the coal and the purified ash from the calcium carbide furnace can be mixed and preheated to accelerate the combustion speed after being sent into the furnace, thereby improving the combustion efficiency. Description of the drawings:

[0015] Figure 1 It is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the present invention in a top view direction;

[0016] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the direction of A;

[0017] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0018] Figure 4 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a structural cross-section diagram of the ash conveying pipe.

[0020] In the figure: 1. furnace body, 1.1. explosion-proof hole, 2. air distribution plate, 3. wind hood, 4. vertical wall, 4.1. high-alumina refractory brick, 4.2. lightweight thermal insulation castable, 4.3. red brick, 4.4. ring beam, 4.5. high-strength anti-corrosion and wear-resistant castable, 4.6. heat-resistant steel grid, 4.7. heat-resistant steel anchor reinforcement, 5. coal chute, 6. cooling hole, 7. air inlet pipe, 8. sieve plate, 8.1. convex teeth, 9. round roller, 10. gear, 11. baffle, 12. motor, 13. ash conveying pipe, 14. ash purification bin, 15. fan, 16. semicircular pipe, 16.1. arc-shaped pallet. Specific implementation method:

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] See also Figure 1-5 , the present invention provides a new boiling furnace technical solution:

[0023] A novel fluidized bed furnace comprises a furnace body 1, and an explosion-proof hole 1.1 is arranged on the top of the furnace body 1. An air distribution plate 2 and an air hood 3 are arranged at the bottom of the main furnace of the furnace body 1, and the air hood 3 is arranged on the air distribution plate 2. A coal chute 5 inclined downward is arranged on the vertical wall 4 on the left side of the furnace body 1 in the main furnace; a plurality of cooling holes 6 are opened in the vertical wall 4 inclined downward, and an air inlet pipe 7 is arranged on the outside of the vertical wall 4, and the air inlet end of the air inlet pipe 7 is connected to the air outlet end of the cooling fan, and the air inlet pipe 7 is connected to the plurality of cooling holes 6; by introducing cold air, the influence of high temperature on the wall can be effectively reduced, and the wall can be protected.

[0024] A motor 12 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the furnace body 1, and a round roller 9 is rotatably provided on the inner surface of the side of the coal chute 5 away from the vertical wall 4. The output shaft of the motor 12 is fixedly connected to one end of the round roller 9; a plurality of gears 10 for crushing are evenly fixed on the round roller 9, and a baffle 11 is obliquely fixedly provided on the inner surface of the side of the coal chute 5 away from the vertical wall 4, and the end of the baffle 11 inclined downward is located above the gear 10 to prevent the burning coal from impacting the gear 8, thereby playing a protective role.

[0025] A sieve plate 8 is fixedly arranged on the inner surface of the side of the coal chute 5 near the vertical wall 4. The diameter of the sieve hole of the sieve plate 8 is 10mm, which can screen the input coal powder. The coal with a particle size less than 10mm is screened by the sieve plate 8 and directly falls to the bottom of the coal chute 5 into the furnace body 1; while the coal with a particle size greater than 10mm directly slides down the inclined surface of the sieve plate 8 to between the multiple gears 10 and the multiple convex teeth 8.1. Multiple convex teeth 8.1 are evenly fixed on the surface of one end of the sieve plate 8 that is inclined downward. There are gaps between the multiple convex teeth 8.1 and the multiple gears 10 that are arranged crosswise and spaced apart, and the distance of the gap is 10mm. The plurality of gears 10 and the plurality of convex teeth 8.1 are arranged crosswise and at intervals with each other, and the coal particles with a diameter greater than 10 mm slide into the gaps between the plurality of convex teeth 6.1 and the plurality of gears 8, and as the gear 8 on the round roller 7 rotates downward clockwise relative to the convex teeth 6.1, the coal particles with a diameter greater than 10 mm are squeezed and crushed by the interaction between the gear 8 and the convex teeth 6.1, and the coal particles with a diameter less than 10 mm are again obtained, and directly fall through the gaps to the bottom of the coal chute 5 into the furnace body 1, so that the coal can be evenly dispersed in the furnace under the action of the bellows, thereby avoiding the formation of cold ash (slag) in the furnace by deposition.

[0026] The bottom of the coal chute 5 is connected to one end of the ash conveying pipe 13, and the other end of the ash conveying pipe 13 is connected to the discharge end of the purified ash bin 14. In order to prevent the purified ash of the calcium carbide furnace from being adsorbed on the pipe wall and difficult to clean, two semicircular tubes 16 are detachably penetrated on the inner surface of the ash conveying pipe 13. Arc-shaped clamping plates 16.1 are fixed on the two long end faces of the semicircular tubes 16. The two semicircular tubes 16 can be clamped to each other through the arc-shaped clamping plates 16.1, so that the purified ash of the calcium carbide furnace can only be adsorbed on the inner walls of the two semicircular tubes 16. By taking out the two semicircular tubes 16, it is convenient to quickly clean the purified ash of the calcium carbide furnace on the inner walls of the semicircular tubes 16. The cleaning speed is relatively fast, which improves the cleaning efficiency. The discharge end of the purified ash bin 14 is connected to the air outlet end of the fan 15. The fan 15 is used to blow the calcium carbide furnace purified ash in the purified ash bin 14 into the two semicircular tubes 16. The viscosity and waste heat of the calcium carbide furnace purified ash are utilized to make the calcium carbide furnace purified ash adhere to the surface of the coal dropped in the coal chute 5, thereby achieving mixed preheating of the coal and the calcium carbide furnace purified ash, accelerating the combustion speed after being sent into the furnace, and improving the combustion efficiency.

[0027] The structure of the vertical wall 4 is divided into high-aluminum refractory bricks 4.1, lightweight thermal insulation castables 4.2 and red bricks 4.3 in sequence from the inside of the furnace to the outside of the furnace. A ring beam 4.4 is embedded between the high-aluminum refractory bricks 4.1 and the lightweight thermal insulation castables 4.2. The ring beam 4.4 is filled with high-strength anti-corrosion and wear-resistant castables 4.5. A heat-resistant steel grid 4.6 is also fixedly arranged in the ring beam 4.4. The heat-resistant steel grid 4.6 fixes the high-aluminum refractory bricks 4.1, the lightweight thermal insulation castables 4.2, the red bricks 4.3 and the coal chute 5 together through heat-resistant steel anchor bars 4.7.

[0028] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel fluidized bed furnace, comprising a furnace body (1), wherein an air distribution plate (2) and an air cap (3) are arranged at the bottom of a main furnace of the furnace body (1), wherein the air cap (3) is arranged on the air distribution plate (2), and a coal chute (5) inclined downward is arranged on a vertical wall (4) on the left side of the main furnace of the furnace body (1); the characteristics are: A plurality of cooling holes (6) are obliquely provided in the vertical wall (4), an air inlet pipe (7) is provided on the outside of the vertical wall (4), and the air inlet pipe (7) is connected to the plurality of cooling holes (6); a sieve plate (8) is obliquely fixedly provided on the inner surface of the side close to the vertical wall (4) in the coal chute (5), a plurality of convex teeth (8.1) are evenly fixed on the surface of one end of the sieve plate (8) obliquely provided downward; a round roller (9) is rotatably provided on the inner surface of the side away from the vertical wall (4) in the coal chute (5), a plurality of gears (10) for crushing are evenly fixed on the round roller (9), and the plurality of gears (10) are connected to the plurality of convex teeth (8.1) by means of a plurality of gears (10) for crushing. .1) are arranged crosswise and at intervals between each other, a baffle (11) is fixedly arranged on the inner surface of the side of the coal chute (5) away from the vertical wall (4), and the end of the baffle (11) tilted downward is located above the gear (10), and a motor (12) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the furnace body (1), and the output shaft of the motor (12) is fixedly connected to one end of the round roller (9); the bottom of the coal chute (5) is connected to one end of the ash conveying pipe (13), the other end of the ash conveying pipe (13) is connected to the discharge end of the purified ash bin (14), and the discharge end of the purified ash bin (14) is connected to the air outlet end of the fan (15).

2. A novel boiling furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: An explosion-proof hole (1.1) is provided on the top of the furnace body (1).

3. A novel boiling furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structure of the vertical wall (4) is divided into high-aluminum refractory bricks (4.1), lightweight thermal insulation castables (4.2) and red bricks (4.3) in sequence from the inside of the furnace to the outside of the furnace. A ring beam (4.4) is embedded between the high-aluminum refractory bricks (4.1) and the lightweight thermal insulation castables (4.2). The ring beam (4.4) is filled with high-strength anti-corrosion and wear-resistant castables (4.5). A heat-resistant steel grid (4.6) is also fixedly arranged in the ring beam (4.4). The heat-resistant steel grid (4.6) is fixedly connected to the high-aluminum refractory bricks (4.1), the lightweight thermal insulation castables (4.2), the red bricks (4.3) and the coal chute (5) through heat-resistant steel anchor bars (4.7).

4. A novel fluidized bed furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the sieve holes of the sieve plate (8) is 10 mm.

5. A novel boiling furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are gaps between the plurality of convex teeth (8.1) and the plurality of gears (10) which are arranged in a cross-spaced manner and the distance of the gaps is 10 mm.

6. A novel boiling furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet end of the air inlet pipe (7) is connected to the air outlet end of the cooling fan.

7. A novel boiling furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner surface of the ash conveying pipe (13) is detachably provided with two semicircular tubes (16), and arc-shaped clamping plates (16.1) are fixed on the two long end surfaces of the semicircular tubes (16). The two semicircular tubes (16) can be clamped to each other via the arc-shaped clamping plates (16.1).

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