Method and device for finely depicting microstructure of main sand body of oil field, equipment and medium

Abstract

The invention relates to a method, a device, equipment and a medium for finely depicting a microstructure of a main sand body of an oil field, in particular to the field of oil field development, and the method comprises the following steps: acquiring a cut-off value of a seismic attribute on a through-well seismic section; establishing a stratum model grid according to the well seismic information of the main sand body; and inputting seismic data into the stratigraphic model grid and combining the cut-off value to obtain a point set corresponding to the top surface and the bottom surface of the sand body and form a sand body layer surface, and then carrying out quality control to realize construction of the main sand body microstructure of the oil field. According to the method provided by the invention, efficient construction of the underground sand body microstructure of the oil field is realized by adopting a specific construction process, the method has good construction precision, and meanwhile, the superposed sand bodies can be effectively distinguished.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of oilfield development, and in particular to a method, device, equipment and medium for finely depicting the microstructure of a main sand body in an oilfield. Background Art

[0002] During the oilfield development phase, the more detailed the characterization of the main sand body is, the more conducive it is to oilfield development management and the more efficient development can be achieved. Due to the small number of wells and the "one-hole view", geologists need to rely more on seismic information to characterize the main sand body.

[0003] For example, CN113031065A discloses a method for geological modeling of oilfield sand bodies, which includes: A. subdivision based on well-seismic combination: subdividing the oil group at the well point into sublayers, extracting seismic attributes based on the oil group marker layer on the seismic inversion data body, determining the sublayer interface according to the change of seismic attributes, and then comparing the interface of the well point sublayer with the sublayer interface determined on the seismic inversion data body, and fitting the two to obtain the final modeling sublayer interface; B. establishment of a structural framework model: using the modeling sublayer interface obtained by sublayer division, establishing a structural framework model controlled by the sublayer interface; C. establishing a lithofacies model using a simulation algorithm: determining the direction and size of the sandstone lithofacies or mudstone lithofacies change range, using the seismic inversion data body attributes of each sublayer as constraints, and establishing a three-dimensional lithofacies model; D. establishing a porosity and permeability model inside the sandstone lithofacies using the lithofacies model as a control.

[0004] CN118151243A discloses a method for depicting the geological structure of a sandstone interface, belonging to the technical field of oil and gas field exploration and development. The method comprises selecting sampling points based on the geological structure data body obtained from seismic stratigraphic analysis and taking the drilled well points as the basis to construct a structural result with the least data points but which can effectively reflect the geological characteristics. The method can effectively solve the problem of mismatch between the structural map and the actual drilling depth and the inversion between the well structure and the seismic stratigraphic structure, and is of great significance for the complex structure of the well deployment area in areas with low development level.

[0005] However, the existing methods for depicting the top and bottom surfaces of sand bodies have the disadvantages of low depiction accuracy, many abnormal points, and high workload. There are also problems such as discontinuous tracking and inability to distinguish superimposed sand bodies. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and device, equipment and medium for fine characterization of the microstructure of the main sand body in an oil field, so as to solve the problems of low characterization accuracy, large workload, discontinuous tracking and inability to distinguish superimposed sand bodies in the existing methods for characterizing the top and bottom of the sand body.

[0007] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for finely characterizing the microstructure of a main sand body in an oil field, the method comprising:

[0009] Get the cutoff value of seismic attributes on the through-well seismic section;

[0010] Establish the formation model grid based on the well-seismic information of the main sand body;

[0011] The seismic data is input into the stratigraphic model grid and combined with the cutoff value to obtain the point set corresponding to the top and bottom surfaces of the sand body and form the sand body plane. After that, quality control is performed to realize the construction of the microstructure of the main sand body of the oil field.

[0012] The method provided by the present invention, by adopting a specific construction process, realizes continuous tracking of sand body interfaces with arbitrary precision under the constraints of the formation framework, and realizes efficient construction of underground sand body microstructures in oil fields through quality control. It has good construction accuracy, realizes quantitative characterization of the range of vertical overlapping areas of sand bodies and the number of overlapping sand bodies, and can effectively distinguish overlapping sand bodies.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the method of obtaining the cutoff value of the seismic attribute on the through-well seismic section includes: comparing the actual sand body depth data h0 with the sand body depth data h0 obtained by interpreting different seismic attribute cutoff values ​​on the through-well section. s By comparison, the cutoff value of seismic attributes is obtained, where s≥2.

[0014] Preferably, the depth data includes the thickness of the sand body or the height difference between the top and bottom surfaces of the sand body.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the comparison includes: comparison |h0-h1|, |h0-h2|, |h0-h3|, |h0-h4|, |h0-h5|, ..., |h0-h i |, select the h with the smallest difference i The corresponding seismic attribute cutoff value is used as the seismic attribute cutoff value. When the seismic attribute cutoff value of the target rock layer is less than the seismic attribute cutoff value, the corresponding rock layer is sandstone.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the establishment of the stratigraphic model grid includes establishing the stratigraphic model grid based on the stratigraphic levels interpreted by seismic interpretation.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the seismic data includes depth domain data or time domain data of three-dimensional seismic.

[0018] Preferably, when the depth domain seismic data is used, a corresponding depth domain grid is established to carry out sand body interface tracking and characterization in the depth domain.

[0019] Preferably, when the time domain seismic data is used, a corresponding time domain grid is established to carry out sand body interface tracking and characterization in the time domain.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the method of combining the cutoff value to obtain a point set corresponding to the top and bottom surfaces of the sand body and forming a sand body plane comprises: obtaining data points of the top surface of the sand body and data points of the bottom surface of the sand body, and then forming a sand body plane based on the data point set.

[0021] Preferably, the process of obtaining the top surface data points of the sand body is as follows: for the seismic data in I×J×K model grids, starting from the first grid (I1, J1, K1), read the seismic data values ​​in each grid from top to bottom. i , J j , K k ) The seismic data value meets the sandstone cutoff condition, and the previous grid (I i , J j , K k-1 ) seismic attribute value does not meet the sandstone cutoff condition, then the grid is determined as the sand body top surface grid, and the grid (I i , J j , K k )’s three-dimensional spatial coordinates [X, Y, Z], and the corresponding three-dimensional spatial coordinates of the top surface of the sand body are recorded as [X, Y, Z 砂顶 ], where Z 砂顶 It is equal to the depth coordinate Z of the center point of the grid moved up by half the vertical thickness of the grid, where i≤I, j≤J, k≤K, and i, j, k, I, J, and K are all positive integers.

[0022] Preferably, the process of obtaining the bottom surface data points of the sand body is as follows: the seismic data in the model grid is obtained from the sand body top surface grid (I i , J j , K k ) starts, reads the earthquake data value in each grid downwards, if the current grid (I i' , J j' , K k' ) The seismic data value does not meet the sandstone cutoff condition, and the previous grid (I i' , J j' , K k'-1 ) If the seismic attribute value meets the sandstone cutoff condition, the grid (I i' , J j' , K k' ), the grid is determined as the sand body bottom grid, and the corresponding sand body bottom three-dimensional coordinates are recorded as [X, Y, Z 砂底 ], where Z 砂底It is equal to the depth coordinate Z of the center point of the grid shifted down by half the vertical thickness of the grid, where i'≥i, j'≥j, k'≥k, i', j', k' are all positive integers.

[0023] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the quality control includes: performing quality control inspection on point set data of the main sand body forming the sand body layer.

[0024] Preferably, the quality control inspection includes: starting from the first point of the top or bottom surface data, checking point by point, taking the current grid as the center, and calculating the mean value Z of the sand body interface depth of (2a+1)×(2a+1)-1 surrounding grids on the plane with the current grid as the center 均值 , where a≥3, take an integer.

[0025] Preferably, in the quality control inspection, when the distance between a data point and the sand body boundary is less than a, all grids within the range are selected as peripheral grids.

[0026] Preferably, the mean value Z of the sand body interface depth of all surrounding grids on the plane is recorded in the quality control inspection. 均值 The absolute value of the difference between the Z value of the sand body interface depth of the current grid is H. If H>50% of the surrounding average sand layer thickness, the point is considered an abnormal point and recorded in the abnormal point file in the format of [X,Y,Z].

[0027] Preferably, the peripheral average sand layer thickness is the average of the sand body thicknesses of all peripheral grids.

[0028] Preferably, the sand body thickness is the difference between the top and bottom interfaces.

[0029] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a device for finely depicting the microstructure of the main sand body in an oil field, the device comprising:

[0030] A cutoff value acquisition module, used to obtain the cutoff value of the seismic attribute on the through-well seismic section;

[0031] The formation model grid acquisition module is used to establish the formation model grid based on the well seismic information of the main sand body;

[0032] A sand body layer acquisition module is used to input seismic data into the formation model grid and combine the cutoff value to obtain the point set corresponding to the top and bottom surfaces of the sand body and form the sand body layer;

[0033] The quality control module is used to perform quality control on the sand body level to realize the construction of the main sand body microstructure of the oil field.

[0034] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an electronic device, the electronic device comprising:

[0035] at least one processor; and a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor;

[0036] Wherein, the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute the method for fine characterization of the microstructure of the main sand body of the oil field described in the first aspect.

[0037] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer storage medium storing computer executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, can implement the method for finely characterizing the microstructure of the main sand bodies of an oil field as described in the first aspect.

[0038] Compared with the prior art solutions, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] (1) The existing sand body top and bottom surface characterization methods are affected by seismic response and cannot achieve continuous tracking and cannot achieve sand body characterization in the superimposed area; the top and bottom information of the horizontal well sand body cannot be integrated into the seismic sand body interface tracking; it is easy to produce abnormal points; there are many manual controls after tracking, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. The present invention realizes continuous tracking of sand body interfaces with arbitrary precision under the constraints of the formation framework; and through quality control, the corresponding relationship of the sand bodies in the superimposed area is constructed to achieve quantitative characterization of the vertical superimposed area range of the sand body and the number of superimposed sand bodies, without the need for a large amount of manual control.

[0040] (2) The present invention continuously tracks the sand body interface under the control of the formation framework and removes abnormal points by averaging the data points in the adjacent area, greatly reducing the need for manual control.

[0041] (3) The present invention achieves better integration of drilled wells and seismic data, especially integration of interpretation results of the top and bottom surfaces of horizontal well sand bodies with seismic data.

[0042] (4) The present invention can be extended from the description of the top and bottom interfaces and superposition conditions of sand bodies to the description of the top and bottom interfaces and superposition conditions of other geological bodies with similar characteristics in three-dimensional space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for finely characterizing the microstructure of the main sand body in an oil field provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a device for finely depicting the microstructure of the main sand body in an oil field provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of preferred sand body tracking cutoff value of seismic attributes according to horizontal well sand body interpretation in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 This is a comparison example diagram of the top and bottom surface characterization results of the sand body before and after the top surface of the seismic interpretation layer moves up and the bottom surface moves down in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 6 1 is a schematic diagram of the grid reading sequence in the process of determining the top surface interface of the sand body in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 7 This is an example of describing the top and bottom surface point set of a single-period sand body and superimposed sand bodies according to the cutoff value of the seismic attribute sand body in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 8 This is a result example diagram of recording the number of vertical sand body stacks in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0051] Fig. 9 This is an example diagram of writing the main sand body into the overlapping area sand body 1 in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0052] Fig.10 This is an example diagram of writing the main sand body into the overlapping area sand body 2 in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0053] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the selection of a grid (n=3) when calculating the mean value (interface depth mean value and sand layer thickness mean value) of the periphery of a certain grid in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0054] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of determining abnormal points on the sand body interface through a set of adjacent points in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0055] In the figure: 10 - electronic device, 11 - processor, 12 - ROM, 13 - RAM, 14 - bus, 15 - I / O interface, 16 - input unit, 17 - output unit, 18 - storage unit, 19 - communication unit.

[0056] The present invention is further described in detail below. However, the following examples are only simplified examples of the present invention and do not represent or limit the scope of protection of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the claims. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] To better illustrate the present invention and facilitate understanding of the technical solution of the present invention, typical but non-limiting embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

[0058] This embodiment provides a method for finely characterizing the microstructure of the main sand body in an oil field, such as Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0059] Get the cutoff value of seismic attributes on the through-well seismic section;

[0060] Establish a formation model grid based on the well-seismic information of the main sand bodies;

[0061] Input the seismic data into the formation model grid and combine with the cut-off value to obtain the point sets corresponding to the top and bottom surfaces of the corresponding sand bodies and form the sand body layer surfaces, and then perform quality control to realize the construction of the micro-structure of the main oilfield sand bodies.

[0062] In the present invention, the order of "obtaining the cut-off value of the seismic attribute on the well-seismic profile" and "establishing the formation model grid based on the well-seismic information of the main sand bodies" is not in a specific order, and the actual order can be determined according to the actual situation in the specific application process.

[0063] Among them, obtaining the cut-off value of the seismic attribute on the well-seismic profile includes: comparing the depth data h0 of the actual sand body with the depth data h of the sand body interpreted with different seismic attribute cut-off values on the well-seismic profile s (s≥2) to obtain the cut-off value of the seismic attribute.

[0064] Among them, the depth data includes the thickness of the sand body or the height difference between the top and bottom surfaces of the sand body.

[0065] Exemplarily, for example, according to the depth data of the top and bottom surfaces of the sand body in the drilled well (including vertical wells, deviated wells and horizontal wells, especially based on the data of horizontal wells, such as the depth data of the top and bottom interfaces of the sand body interpreted by logging-while-drilling ultra-deep azimuth resistivity logging), compare with the top and bottom surfaces of the sand body interpreted with different seismic attribute cut-off values on the well-seismic profile to obtain the cut-off value of the seismic attribute.

[0066] Among them, the comparison includes: comparing |h0 - h1|, |h0 - h2|, |h0 - h3|, |h0 - h4|, |h0 - h5|,..., |h0 - h s |, and selecting the cut-off value of the seismic attribute corresponding to the smallest difference value of h s (s≥2) as the cut-off value of the seismic attribute. When the cut-off value of the seismic attribute of the target rock formation < the cut-off value of the seismic attribute, the corresponding rock formation is sandstone.

[0067] In the present invention, the obtained cut-off value of the seismic attribute cutoff is defined as the truncation condition of sandstone: when the seismic attribute value < cutoff, the corresponding rock formation is sandstone.

[0068] Among them, establishing the formation model grid includes establishing the formation model grid based on the formation layer surfaces interpreted by seismic.

[0069] Among them, the planar and vertical sizes of the grid in establishing the formation model grid are determined by comprehensively considering the planar resolution of the seismic data, the area size of the sand body and the computing power of the computer.

[0070] Exemplarily, the vertical grid size in the formation model grid is 0.1 - 0.25 m, not exceeding 0.5 m; the planar grid size does not exceed the size of the seismic data bin, aiming at fine characterization of microstructures, not exceeding 25 m × 25 m, and further considering the planar scale of the sand body, not exceeding 1 / 4 of the minimum planar width of the sand body.

[0071] Among them, the seismic data includes depth-domain data or time-domain data of 3D seismic.

[0072] In the present invention, if depth-domain seismic data is adopted, a corresponding depth-domain grid is established, and sand body interface tracing and characterization are carried out in the depth domain; if time-domain seismic data is adopted, a corresponding time-domain grid is established, and sand body interface tracing and characterization are carried out in the time domain.

[0073] Among them, when establishing the formation model grid, if there is a situation where the local top and bottom envelope surfaces of the sand body do not completely contain the sand body, an appropriate range can be drifted up and down, such as 1 - 3 m, to ensure that the envelope surface covers the seismic axis corresponding to the sand body.

[0074] Among them, the process of obtaining the point sets corresponding to the top and bottom surfaces of the sand body and forming the sand body layer includes: obtaining the data points of the top surface of the sand body and the data points of the bottom surface of the sand body, and then forming the sand body layer based on the data point set.

[0075] Among them, the determination of the data points of the top surface of the sand body is as follows. For the seismic data in the I×J×K model grids, starting from the first grid (I1, J1, K1), read the seismic data values in each grid from top to bottom. If the seismic data value of the current grid (I i 、J j 、K k ) satisfies the sandstone truncation condition (such as the seismic attribute value <cutoff is sandstone), and the seismic attribute value of the immediately adjacent previous grid (I i 、J j 、K k-1 ) does not satisfy the sandstone truncation condition, then this grid is determined as the grid of the top surface of the sand body, and read the three-dimensional space coordinates [X, Y, Z] of this grid (I i 、J j 、K k ). The three-dimensional space coordinates of the corresponding top surface of the sand body are recorded as [X, Y, Z 砂顶 , where Z 砂顶 is equal to the center depth coordinate Z of this grid shifted up by half of the vertical thickness of the grid, where i ≤ I, j ≤ J, k ≤ K, and i, j, k, I, J, K are all positive integers.

[0076] Among them, the determination of the data points of the bottom surface of the sand body is as follows. For the seismic data in the model grid, starting from the grid of the top surface of the sand body that has been determined and recorded (I i 、Jj , K k ) starts, reads the earthquake data value in each grid downwards, if the current grid (I i' , J j' , K k' ) The seismic data value does not meet the sandstone cutoff condition (such as seismic attribute value ≥ cutoff, it is mudstone), and the previous grid immediately above it (I i' , J j' , K k'-1 ) If the seismic attribute value meets the sandstone cutoff condition, the grid (I i' , J j' , K k' ), the grid is determined as the sand body bottom grid, and the corresponding sand body bottom three-dimensional coordinates are recorded as [X, Y, Z 砂底 ], where Z 砂底 It is equal to the depth coordinate Z of the center point of the grid shifted down by half the vertical thickness of the grid, where i'≥i, j'≥j, k'≥k, i', j', k' are all positive integers.

[0077] In the present invention, if the sand body is a single-stage sand body, when the grids I and J are the same, two points are recorded, the upper one is the top of the sand body and is recorded as T1, and the lower one is the bottom of the sand body and is recorded as B1.

[0078] In the present invention, if the sand body is an N-stage (N>1) superimposed sand body, when the grids I and J are the same, 2×N points are recorded, which are recorded as T1, B1, ..., T1 from top to bottom. N , B N .

[0079] In the present invention, starting from the grid (I1, J1, K1), reading and recording in sequence to the surrounding (in the direction of increasing I or increasing J), the point set of the top and bottom surfaces of the sand body 1 corresponding to each IJ can be obtained. If there are N (N>1) stages of sand bodies in this IJ, there are corresponding N sand bodies (T N , B N ) point sets of the top and bottom surfaces, and write into the total file of the top surface interface of the sand body point set (including all recorded three-dimensional spatial coordinate data of the top and bottom of the sand body) and the three-dimensional spatial coordinate data of the top and bottom interfaces of each superimposed sand body written separately.

[0080] In the present invention, the number of sand body superpositions is written into the result file: the number of sand bodies (num) recorded by each IJ is written into the sand body superposition number file in the format of (X, Y, num), and finally a sand body superposition number record file on the plane is formed.

[0081] In the present invention, after completing the sand body tracking of all grids, for a single-period sand body, the main sand body point set file is directly written. For the same [I, J] grid, when there are two or more superimposed sand bodies in the vertical direction, it is necessary to determine the corresponding relationship between the superimposed sand body and the main sand body, and select the sand body corresponding to the main sand body and write it into the main sand body point set file. First, the mean value Z of the top / bottom interface depth of the sand body in the adjacent g grids except for this point is calculated for the top surface grid of the sand body. 均值 (no less than 5 grids, g≥5), then, for the determined sand body 1, sand body 2 to sand body N of [I,J], the mean Z is calculated respectively. 均值 The absolute value of the difference is taken as the main sand body interface depth value Z of the [I, J] grid and written into the main sand body top and bottom interface file.

[0082] For example, for a single-stage sand body, considering the lateral scale of the single-stage sand body, the depth mean Z 均值 The calculation range is 0.4-0.7 times the lateral width of the individual sand body. Taking a sand body with a lateral width of 300 meters as an example, the depth mean calculation range is 125-200 meters. Taking a 25m×25m grid as an example, g is 6-8.

[0083] The data of the main sand body is quality controlled, starting from the first point of the top or bottom surface data, and the inspection method is: taking the current grid as the center, calculate the mean value Z of the sand body interface depth of (2a+1)×(2a+1)-1 (a≥3, take an integer) surrounding grids on the plane with the current grid as the center 均值 , where when the distance from the point to the sand body boundary is less than a, all the grids within the range can be selected as the surrounding grids, and Z is recorded 均值 The absolute value of the difference between the Z value of the sand body interface depth of the current grid is H. When H>50% of the surrounding average sand layer thickness (the average sand body thickness of all surrounding grids, and the sand body thickness is the difference between the top and bottom interfaces), the point is considered an abnormal point and recorded in the abnormal point file in the format of [X, Y, Z].

[0084] For example, when the number of grids from the point to the sand body boundary is less than a, that is, less than 3, for example, for a 7×7 grid, the current grid is the grid at the (3,3) position as the center. At this time, the distance from the center to the starting point in the X direction and the Y direction is less than 3, then all the grids in the starting range are selected, and the number of grids in the remaining directions can be selected according to (2a+1)×(2a+1)-1.

[0085] For example, if the lateral scale of a single-stage sand body is considered, the depth mean Z 均值 The calculation range is 0.25-0.5 times the lateral width of the individual sand body. Taking a sand body with a lateral width of 300 meters as an example, the depth mean calculation range is 75-150 meters. Taking a 25m×25m grid as an example, a is 3-6.

[0086] Furthermore, the present invention provides a device for finely depicting the microstructure of the main sand body in an oil field, such as Figure 2 As shown, the device comprises:

[0087] A cutoff value acquisition module, used to obtain the cutoff value of the seismic attribute on the through-well seismic section;

[0088] The formation model grid acquisition module is used to establish the formation model grid based on the well seismic information of the main sand body;

[0089] A sand body layer acquisition module is used to input seismic data into the formation model grid and combine the cutoff value to obtain the point set corresponding to the top and bottom surfaces of the sand body and form the sand body layer;

[0090] The quality control module is used to perform quality control on the sand body level to realize the construction of the main sand body microstructure of the oil field.

[0091] Further, the present invention provides an electronic device, which is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device may also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processing, cellular phones, smart phones, wearable devices (such as helmets, glasses, watches, etc.) and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely examples and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention described and / or required herein.

[0092] like Figure 3 As shown, the electronic device 10 includes at least one processor 11, and a memory connected to the at least one processor 11, such as a read-only memory (ROM) 12, a random access memory (RAM) 13, etc., wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be executed by at least one processor, and the processor 11 can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to the computer program stored in the read-only memory (ROM) 12 or the computer program loaded from the storage unit 18 to the random access memory (RAM) 13. In the RAM 13, various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 10 can also be stored. The processor 11, the ROM 12, and the RAM 13 are connected to each other through a bus 14. The I / O interface 15 is also connected to the bus 14.

[0093] A number of components in the electronic device 10 are connected to the I / O interface 15, including: an input unit 16, such as a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output unit 17, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; a storage unit 18, such as a disk, an optical disk, etc.; and a communication unit 19, such as a network card, a modem, a wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 19 allows the electronic device 10 to exchange information / data with other devices through a computer network such as the Internet and / or various telecommunication networks.

[0094] The processor 11 may be a variety of general and / or special processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the processor 11 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various dedicated artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, digital signal processors (DSPs), and any appropriate processors, controllers, microcontrollers, etc. The processor 11 executes the various methods and processes described above, such as a method for fine characterization of the microstructure of the main sand body of an oil field.

[0095] In some embodiments, the method for fine characterization of the microstructure of the main sand body of the oil field can be implemented as a computer program, which is tangibly contained in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a storage unit 18. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program can be loaded and / or installed on the electronic device 10 via the ROM 12 and / or the communication unit 19. When the computer program is loaded into the RAM 13 and executed by the processor 11, one or more steps of the method for fine characterization of the microstructure of the main sand body of the oil field described above can be executed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the processor 11 can be configured to execute the method for fine characterization of the microstructure of the main sand body of the oil field by any other appropriate means (for example, by means of firmware).

[0096] Various implementations of the systems and techniques described above herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application specific standard products (ASSPs), systems on chips (SOCs), load programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various implementations can include: being implemented in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which can be a special purpose or general purpose programmable processor that can receive data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmit data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0097] Computer programs for implementing the methods of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, so that when the computer program is executed by the processor, the functions / operations specified in the flow chart and / or block diagram are implemented. The computer program may be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, partially on the machine and partially on a remote machine as a stand-alone software package, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0098] In the context of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium may be a tangible medium that may contain or store a computer program for use by or in combination with an instruction execution system, device or equipment. A computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, devices or equipment, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Alternatively, a computer-readable storage medium may be a machine-readable signal medium. A more specific example of a machine-readable storage medium may include an electrical connection based on one or more lines, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0099] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein may be implemented on an electronic device having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user can provide input to the electronic device. Other types of devices may also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, the feedback provided to the user may be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user may be received in any form (including acoustic input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0100] The systems and techniques described herein may be implemented in a computing system that includes backend components (e.g., as a data server), or a computing system that includes middleware components (e.g., an application server), or a computing system that includes frontend components (e.g., a user computer with a graphical user interface or a web browser through which a user can interact with implementations of the systems and techniques described herein), or a computing system that includes any combination of such backend components, middleware components, or frontend components. The components of the system may be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a blockchain network, and the Internet.

[0101] A computing system may include a client and a server. The client and the server are generally remote from each other and usually interact through a communication network. The client and server relationship is generated by computer programs running on the corresponding computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. The server may be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host, which is a host product in the cloud computing service system to solve the defects of difficult management and weak business scalability in traditional physical hosts and VPS services.

[0102] The server provided in this embodiment includes: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, the method for finely characterizing the microstructure of the main sand body of the oil field is implemented.

[0103] Unless otherwise specifically stated, terms such as processing, computing, calculating, determining, displaying, etc. may refer to the actions and / or processes of one or more processing or computing systems, or similar devices, which operate and convert data represented as physical (e.g., electronic) quantities within registers or memories of a processing system into other data similarly represented as physical quantities within memories, registers, or other such information storage, transmission, or display devices of the processing system. Information and signals may be represented using any of a variety of different techniques and methods. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips mentioned throughout the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, light fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

[0104] Those skilled in the art will also appreciate that the various illustrative logic blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithm steps described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention may all be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination thereof. In order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability between hardware and software, the various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps described above are generally described around their functions. Whether such functions are implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the entire system. A skilled person may implement the described functions in an alternative manner for each specific application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as departing from the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0105] The steps of the method or algorithm described in conjunction with the embodiments herein may be directly embodied as hardware, a software module executed by a processor, or a combination thereof. The software module may be located in a RAM memory, a flash memory, a ROM memory, an EPROM memory, an EEPROM memory, a register, a hard disk, a mobile disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium well known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is connected to the processor so that the processor can read information from the storage medium and can write information to the storage medium. Of course, the storage medium may also be an integral part of the processor. The processor and the storage medium may be located in an ASIC. The ASIC may be located in a user terminal. Of course, the processor and the storage medium may also be present in a user terminal as discrete components.

[0106] For software implementation, the techniques described in the present invention can be implemented with modules (e.g., procedures, functions, etc.) that perform the functions described in the present application. These software codes can be stored in a memory unit and executed by a processor. The memory unit can be implemented within the processor or outside the processor. In the latter case, it is coupled to the processor in a communication manner via various means, which are well known in the art.

[0107] In order to illustrate that the method for finely characterizing the microstructure of the main sand body in the oil field provided by the present invention can achieve a good construction and identification effect, an actual example is used for illustration, as follows:

[0108] Example 1

[0109] This embodiment provides a construction process for fine characterization of the microstructure of the main sand body of a specific oil field, and the process is as follows:

[0110] Optimize the seismic attribute cutoff value of sandstone according to the well-seismic correlation of the drilled wells. On the well-seismic section along the horizontal well, compare the sand body thicknesses (h1, h2) interpreted with different seismic attribute cutoff values (cutoff1, cutoff2) with the sand body thickness (h0) interpreted by the azimuthal resistivity logging while drilling in the horizontal well. Among them, |h0 - h1| < |h0 - h2|, that is, the thickness of the sand body interpreted by the seismic attribute cutoff value cutoff1 has the smallest difference from the sand body thickness h0 interpreted by the azimuthal resistivity logging while drilling in the horizontal well. Therefore, the seismic attribute cutoff value cutoff1 with a small thickness difference is determined as the truncation condition of the sandstone, that is, when the seismic attribute value of the rock formation < cutoff1, the corresponding rock formation is sandstone, such as Figure 4 shown.

[0111] Establish a stratigraphic framework model with the stratigraphic horizons in the depth domain of seismic interpretation as the framework. The planar and vertical sizes of the grid are determined by synthesizing the planar resolution of seismic data, the area size of the sand body, and the computing power of the computer. In this embodiment, the vertical grid thickness is 0.15 m, and the planar grid is 25 m × 25 m.

[0112] When establishing the stratigraphic model grid, there is a situation where the stratigraphic horizons do not completely contain the sand body locally. Move the stratigraphic horizons up and down by 2 m to ensure that the established stratigraphic grid covers the seismic axis corresponding to the sand body. Sample the seismic attributes into the stratigraphic framework model. In this embodiment, three-dimensional seismic depth domain data is used to carry out the tracing and characterization of the sand body interface in the depth domain, and the results are as Figure 5 shown.

[0113] The determination process of the data points on the top surface of the sand body is as Figure 6 , specifically as follows: For the seismic data in the model grid, start from the first grid (I1, J1, K1), read the seismic data values in each grid from top to bottom. If the seismic data value A in the current grid (I1, J1, K2) < cutoff1, and the seismic data value A in the previous grid (I1, J1, K1) adjacent above it does not meet the sandstone truncation condition, then this grid is determined as the top surface grid of the sand body, read the three-dimensional space coordinates [X, Y, Z] of this grid (I1, J1, K2), and record the corresponding three-dimensional space coordinates of the top surface of the sand body as [X, Y, Z 砂顶 , where Z 砂顶 is equal to the center depth coordinate Z of this grid shifted up by half of the vertical thickness of the grid.

[0114] The determination of the bottom data points of the sand body is as follows: For the seismic data in the model grid, starting from the sand body top grid (I1, J1, K2) that has been determined and recorded, read the seismic data values in each grid downward. If the seismic data value A of the current grid (I1, J1, K5) does not satisfy the sandstone truncation condition A < cutoff1, and the seismic attribute value A of the previous grid (I1, J1, K4) adjacent to it above satisfies the sandstone truncation condition, this grid is determined as the bottom grid of the sand body, read the three-dimensional space coordinates [X, Y, Z] of this grid (I1, J1, K5), and the corresponding three-dimensional space coordinates of the sand body bottom are recorded as [X, Y, Z 砂底 , where Z 砂底 is equal to the center point depth coordinate Z of this grid shifted downward by half of the vertical thickness of the grid.

[0115] When the sand body is a single-stage sand body, two points will be recorded when the grids I and J are the same. The upper one is the top of the sand body denoted as T1, and the lower one is the bottom of the sand body denoted as B1. When the sand body is a two-stage stacked sand body, four points will be recorded when the grids I and J are the same. They are recorded as T1, B1, T2, B2 from top to bottom in sequence. T1, B1, T2, B2 are written into the point set files of the top of sand body 1, the bottom of sand body 1, the top of sand body 2, and the bottom of sand body 2 respectively, in the format of [X, Y, Z]. The results are shown in Figure 7 .

[0116] Starting from this column of grids (I1, J1, K1...K k ), read and record sequentially in the surrounding directions (the increasing direction of I or the increasing direction of J), and the point sets of the top and bottom of the sand body corresponding to each IJ can be obtained and written into their respective point set files. For example, Figure 6 , first read from the J direction, (I1, J2, K1...K k )...(I1, J3, K1...K k ); then read in the I direction, (I2, J1, K1...K k )...(I i 、J1、K1...K k ). Finally, the top point set file and bottom point set file of the corresponding I×J×K sand bodies are obtained, as well as the total file recording all point sets.

[0117] The number of stacked sand bodies is written into the result file: The number of sand bodies (num) recorded for each IJ is written into the sand body stacking number file, in the format of [X, Y, num]. Finally, a sand body stacking number record file on the plane is formed. The results are as shown in Figure 8 shown.

[0118] After completing the sand body tracking of all grids, for a single-period sand body, directly write it into the main sand body point set file. For the same [I, J] grid, there are two superimposed sand bodies in the vertical direction. It is necessary to determine the corresponding relationship between the superimposed sand body and the main sand body, and select the sand body corresponding to the main sand body and write it into the main sand body point set file. First, calculate the mean depth Z of the top interface (bottom interface) of the sand body within the adjacent g grids except this point for the top surface grid of the sand body. 均值 In this embodiment, g = 10. Then, for the sand body 1 and sand body 2 determined by [I, J], the top interface (bottom interface) depth and the mean value Z are calculated respectively. 均值 The smallest difference is taken as the main sand body interface depth value Z of the [I, J] grid, and is written into the main sand body top interface file and the main sand body bottom interface file respectively. The format is [X, Y, Z]. The specific results are as follows Fig. 9 and Fig.10 shown.

[0119] For later inspection, the sand body number selected as the main sand body is written into the main sand body number file. For example, if sand body 1 is the main sand body, [X, Y, 1] is recorded, and if sand body 2 is the main sand body, [X, Y, 2] is recorded, thereby obtaining the main sand body number file.

[0120] Quality control of the data of the main sand body, such as Fig.11 , starting from the first point of the top or bottom surface data, the inspection method is: calculate the mean value Z of the sand body interface depth within the adjacent a×a grid range except this point 均值 (In this example, a=3 is used), that is, the current grid is taken as the center, and the plane with the current grid as the center is calculated ( Figure 6 The average depth of the sand body interface of (2a+1)×(2a+1)-1 surrounding grids on the IJ plane perpendicular to the K direction. When the number of grids from the point to the sand body boundary is less than a, all grids within the range can be selected. Note Z 均值 The absolute value of the difference between the Z value of the sand body interface depth of the current grid is H. When H>50% of the surrounding average sand layer thickness ((2a+1)×(2a+1)-1 surrounding grid sand body thickness average, sand body thickness is the difference between the top and bottom interfaces) (e.g. Fig.12 ), the point is considered an outlier and recorded in the outlier file in the format of [X,Y,Z].

[0121] It is stated that the present invention illustrates the detailed structural features of the present invention through the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed structural features, that is, it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above detailed structural features to be implemented. Those skilled in the art should understand that any improvement of the present invention, equivalent replacement of the components selected by the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific methods, etc., all fall within the protection scope and disclosure scope of the present invention.

[0122] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present invention, a variety of simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0123] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0124] In addition, various embodiments of the present invention may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for finely characterizing the microstructure of the main sand body in an oil field, characterized in that: The method comprises: Get the cutoff value of seismic attributes on the through-well seismic section; Establish the formation model grid based on the well-seismic information of the main sand body; The seismic data is input into the stratigraphic model grid and combined with the cutoff value to obtain the point set corresponding to the top and bottom surfaces of the sand body and form the sand body plane. After that, quality control is performed to realize the construction of the microstructure of the main sand body of the oil field.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method of obtaining the cutoff value of the seismic attribute on the through-well seismic section includes: comparing the actual sand body depth data h0 with the sand body depth data h0 obtained by interpreting different seismic attribute cutoff values ​​on the through-well section. s By comparison, the cutoff values ​​of seismic attributes are obtained, where s ≥ 2; Preferably, the depth data includes the thickness of the sand body or the height difference between the top and bottom surfaces of the sand body.

3. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The comparison includes: comparing |h0-h1|, |h0-h2|, |h0-h3|, |h0-h4|, |h0-h5|, ..., |h0-h s |, select the h with the smallest difference s The corresponding seismic attribute cutoff value is used as the seismic attribute cutoff value. When the seismic attribute cutoff value of the target rock layer is less than the seismic attribute cutoff value, the corresponding rock layer is sandstone.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The step of establishing a stratigraphic model grid includes establishing a stratigraphic model grid based on stratigraphic levels interpreted from seismic interpretation.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The seismic data includes depth domain data or time domain data of three-dimensional seismic; Preferably, when the depth domain seismic data is used, a corresponding depth domain grid is established to carry out sand body interface tracking and characterization in the depth domain; Preferably, when the time domain seismic data is used, a corresponding time domain grid is established to carry out sand body interface tracking and characterization in the time domain.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The step of combining the cutoff value to obtain a point set corresponding to the top and bottom surfaces of the sand body and forming a sand body plane comprises: obtaining data points of the top surface of the sand body and data points of the bottom surface of the sand body, and then forming a sand body plane according to the data point set; Preferably, the process of obtaining the top surface data points of the sand body is as follows: for the seismic data in I×J×K model grids, starting from the first grid (I1, J1, K1), read the seismic data values ​​in each grid from top to bottom. i , J j , K k ) The seismic data value meets the sandstone cutoff condition, and the previous grid (I i , J j , K k-1 ) seismic attribute value does not meet the sandstone cutoff condition, then the grid is determined as the sand body top surface grid, and the grid (I i , J j , K k )’s three-dimensional spatial coordinates [X, Y, Z], and the corresponding three-dimensional spatial coordinates of the top surface of the sand body are recorded as [X, Y, Z 砂顶 ], where Z 砂顶 It is equal to the depth coordinate Z of the center point of the grid moved up by half the vertical thickness of the grid, where i≤I, j≤J, k≤K, i, j, k, I, J, K are all positive integers; Preferably, the process of obtaining the bottom surface data points of the sand body is as follows: the seismic data in the model grid is obtained from the sand body top surface grid (I i , J j , K k ) starts, reads the earthquake data value in each grid downwards, if the current grid (I i' , J j' , K k' ) The seismic data value does not meet the sandstone cutoff condition, and the previous grid (I i' , J j' , K k'-1 ) If the seismic attribute value meets the sandstone cutoff condition, the grid (I i' , J j' , K k' ), the grid is determined as the sand body bottom grid, and the corresponding sand body bottom three-dimensional coordinates are recorded as [X, Y, Z 砂底 ], where Z 砂底 It is equal to the depth coordinate Z of the center point of the grid shifted down by half the vertical thickness of the grid, where i'≥i, j'≥j, k'≥k, i', j', k' are all positive integers.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The quality control includes: performing quality control inspection on point set data of the main sand body forming the sand body layer; Preferably, the quality control inspection includes: starting from the first data point of the top surface or the bottom surface, inspecting point by point, taking the current grid as the center, and calculating the mean value Z of the sand body interface depth of (2a+1)×(2a+1)-1 surrounding grids on the plane with the current grid as the center. 均值 , where a≥3, take an integer; Preferably, in the quality control inspection, when the distance between a data point and the boundary of the sand body is less than a, all grids within the range are selected as peripheral grids; Preferably, the mean value Z of the sand body interface depth of all surrounding grids on the plane is recorded in the quality control inspection. 均值 The absolute value of the difference between the Z value of the sand body interface depth of the current grid is H. If H>50% of the surrounding average sand layer thickness, the point is considered an abnormal point and recorded in the abnormal point file in the format of [X, Y, Z]; Preferably, the peripheral average sand layer thickness is the average of the sand body thicknesses of all peripheral grids; Preferably, the sand body thickness is the difference between the top and bottom interfaces.

8. A device for finely depicting the microstructure of the main sand body in an oil field, characterized in that: The device comprises: A cutoff value acquisition module, used to obtain the cutoff value of the seismic attribute on the through-well seismic section; The formation model grid acquisition module is used to establish the formation model grid based on the well seismic information of the main sand body; A sand body layer acquisition module is used to input seismic data into the formation model grid and combine the cutoff value to obtain the point set corresponding to the top and bottom surfaces of the sand body and form the sand body layer; The quality control module is used to perform quality control on the sand body level to realize the construction of the main sand body microstructure of the oil field.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; Wherein, the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute the method for fine characterization of the microstructure of the main sand body of the oil field as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer storage medium, characterized in that: The computer storage medium stores computer executable instructions, and when the computer executable instructions are executed by a processor, the method for finely characterizing the microstructure of the main sand body in an oil field as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

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