Radioactive waste mobile incineration device rapid butt joint and start-stop system

Abstract

The invention discloses a rapid butt joint and start-stop system for a radioactive waste mobile incineration device, and relates to the technical field of radioactive waste treatment, the system comprises a container, a closed water chiller and an induced draft fan, the closed water chiller and the induced draft fan are located outside the container, incineration treatment main equipment is integrated in the container, and a water tank, an oil tank and a compressed air storage tank are arranged in the container; all the devices are connected differently, and the functions of field butt joint, preheating starting, normal operation and cooling furnace shutdown are achieved. Cooling water is introduced into the pyrolyzing furnace, the jacket of the water-cooled heat exchanger and the water injection nozzle of the quench cooler through a closed cooling water machine; the oil tank inputs fuel oil into an oil nozzle of the combustion furnace; compressed air is introduced into a compressed air port of the quench cooler, a reverse blowing port of the bag filter and other pneumatic elements through a compressed air storage tank; ambient air is introduced into air inlets of the pyrolyzing furnace, the combustion furnace and the air mixer through an air feeder. The system provided by the invention can realize quick butt joint of the incineration device and the site, start preheating and cooling furnace shutdown, improve the butt joint efficiency and operation safety of the incineration device, and reduce the start furnace shutdown time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of radioactive waste disposal, and in particular relates to a rapid docking and start-stop system for a mobile radioactive waste incineration device. Background Art

[0002] Nuclear facilities such as military industry, scientific research, experiments and nuclear power plants generate a large amount of radioactive waste during operation and maintenance, of which combustible waste accounts for a large proportion (about 50%), such as plastics, rubber, cotton fabrics, wood, resin, waste oil, etc. Incineration, as one of the earliest radioactive waste volume reduction technologies, is very suitable for treating these low-level radioactive solid wastes. It can not only achieve a significant volume reduction, but also achieve inorganicization of the waste, which is conducive to final disposal. Therefore, radioactive combustible solid waste incineration technology is widely used in the United States, France, Germany, Japan and other countries, and has become one of the main technologies for treating radioactive waste.

[0003] At present, the incineration facilities used to treat radioactive combustible solid waste in my country are all fixed-site type, and have achieved relatively good social and economic benefits in the actual application process. However, due to the characteristics of fixed-site incineration facilities, such as large land occupation, large investment, long construction period, complex operation and management, and low public acceptance, in some special fields and occasions, the construction of conventional fixed-site incineration facilities for the treatment of radioactive combustible solid waste is not suitable in terms of economy, equipment operation and maintenance, etc., especially for military, scientific research, and experimental units with low radioactive waste activity, single type of contaminating nuclides, relatively simple types, and small production volume. Therefore, the relevant units proposed to establish a mobile radioactive waste incineration device that is different from the conventional radioactive incineration system, which has the characteristics of compact and movable equipment, small land occupation, short construction period, simple operation and maintenance, etc. At the same time, it can be operated intermittently, and the exhaust gas meets the emission standards. It can flexibly, flexibly and effectively treat various types of radioactive combustible wastes generated by nuclear military industry, nuclear power plants, scientific research institutes and other departments. In addition, it can carry out on-site emergency treatment of wastes in emergency situations to make up for the shortcomings and limitations of conventional incineration facilities. According to the purpose and method of use of the mobile radioactive waste incineration device, before waste treatment, the device must be connected to the on-site water, electricity and gas conditions; at the same time, in order to achieve flexible operation, intermittent operation and emergency treatment needs in accident situations, the device should be able to start and stop quickly. The realization of the above processes and functions is of vital importance to improving the operation and operation of the mobile radioactive waste incineration device and promoting the engineering application and productization of the technology and device. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the defects existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a rapid docking and start-stop system for a mobile radioactive waste incinerator. The system can realize rapid docking of the incinerator with the operating site, start preheating and cooling and shutdown, effectively improve the docking efficiency of the incinerator, reduce the difficulty of docking, reduce the startup and shutdown time, and improve the operating efficiency of the incinerator.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A radioactive waste mobile incineration device rapid docking and start-stop system, the system comprising: a container, wherein a material bag conveying mechanism, a pyrolysis furnace, a combustion furnace, a water-cooled heat exchanger, a quencher, a bag filter, an air mixer, a purifier, a high-efficiency filter, an exhaust gas online monitor, as well as a water tank, an oil tank, a compressed air storage tank, a blower and a waste heat exchange device are fixedly arranged inside the container, and the power consumption of all the equipment inside the container is collected in the container power distribution cabinet; the system also comprises a closed water chiller and an induced draft fan located outside the container; various devices are connected and combined in different ways through pipelines, thereby forming the functions of on-site docking, start-up preheating, normal operation and cooling and stopping the furnace of the system;

[0007] The feed inlet of the material bag conveying mechanism is used to receive waste material bags, and its discharge port is connected to the pyrolysis furnace, and the gas outlet of the pyrolysis furnace is connected to the combustion furnace. The material bag conveying mechanism conveys the waste material bags to be processed into the pyrolysis furnace, and a pyrolysis reaction occurs in the pyrolysis furnace to generate pyrolysis gas, and the pyrolysis gas is fully burned at high temperature in the combustion furnace to produce tail gas; the combustion furnace is connected to the water-cooled heat exchanger downstream, and the water-cooled heat exchanger is connected to the quench cooler downstream under normal operating conditions, and is directly connected to the air mixer under cooling and shutdown conditions. The water-cooled heat exchanger and the quench cooler are used for cooling and lowering the temperature of high-temperature tail gas; the quench cooler is connected to the bag filter downstream, and the The bag filter is used for dust removal of the exhaust gas after cooling; the bag filter is connected to the air mixer downstream, and the air mixer is used to mix in ambient air at normal temperature to further reduce the exhaust temperature; the air mixer is connected to the purifier downstream under normal operating conditions, and is directly connected to the waste heat exchange equipment downstream under cooling and shutdown conditions, and the purifier is used to purify pollutants in the exhaust gas after cooling; the purifier is connected to the high-efficiency filter downstream, and the high-efficiency filter serves as a redundant standby purification device for exhaust gas emission standards, and is connected to the exhaust gas online monitor downstream, and the exhaust gas online monitor is used to monitor and alarm aerosols and pollutant indicators in the exhaust gas in real time;

[0008] The outlet end of the water tank is connected to all water use points of the system, and its inlet end is connected to the closed water chiller, and the closed water chiller is used to connect to on-site cooling water and sewage outlet; the outlet end of the oil tank is connected to the oil injection port of the combustion furnace, and the inlet end of the oil tank is used to connect to the diesel, kerosene or waste oil container stored on-site or to be treated, so as to provide combustion-supporting fuel for the combustion reaction of the pyrolysis gas in the combustion furnace; the outlet end of the compressed air storage tank is connected to all compressed air points of the system, and its inlet end is used to connect to on-site compressed air; the outlet end of the blower is connected to all gas use points of the system, so as to introduce ambient air into the system, so as to provide combustion-supporting or cooling air for the normal operation of the system; the waste heat exchange device is connected to the air mixer and the high-efficiency filter, and operates under the startup preheating and cooling shutdown conditions; the inlet end of the induced draft fan is connected to the exhaust gas online monitor, and its outlet end is used to connect to the on-site exhaust port, so as to form the external exhaust gas discharge port of the system.

[0009] Further, in the above-mentioned rapid docking and start-stop system for the mobile radioactive waste incineration device, all water use points of the system include the pyrolysis furnace jacket, the combustion furnace jacket, the water-cooled heat exchanger jacket, the quencher water spray port and the waste heat exchange equipment jacket;

[0010] All compressed air points of the system include the compressed air port of the quench cooler, the back-blowing port of the bag filter and other pneumatic components;

[0011] All gas consumption points of the system include the pyrolysis furnace, combustion furnace, air mixer and air inlet of waste heat exchange equipment;

[0012] The power supplies of the container power distribution cabinet, closed water chiller and induced draft fan are all connected to the on-site grounding point and power supply to achieve power supply and safe grounding of the system.

[0013] Furthermore, according to the quick docking and start-stop system of the mobile radioactive waste incineration device as described above, under the startup preheating condition, the oil tank is connected to the combustion furnace, and the fuel is burned in the combustion furnace to achieve preheating of the combustion furnace; the air supply fan is connected to the preheating exchange device, and the preheating exchange device is connected to the combustion furnace, and the combustion-supporting air provided by the air supply fan is heated by the waste heat exchange device and then sent to the combustion furnace; the exhaust gas generated by the combustion of the fuel in the combustion furnace is cooled by the waste heat exchange device, and then passes through the high-efficiency filter, the exhaust gas online monitor and the induced draft fan in sequence to achieve standard emission.

[0014] Furthermore, according to the above-mentioned rapid docking and start-stop system of the mobile radioactive waste incineration device, under normal operating conditions, the radioactive waste bag enters the pyrolysis furnace through the bag conveying mechanism to realize pyrolysis reaction, and the generated pyrolysis gas is fully burned at high temperature in the combustion furnace to form tail gas; the tail gas is cooled and cooled by the water-cooled heat exchanger and the quencher in turn, and then the bag filter, the air mixer and the purifier are used to remove dust, further cool down and purify pollutants, and finally pass through the high-efficiency filter, the tail gas in turn. The gas is discharged from the system through the online monitor and the induced draft fan; at the same time, the on-site cooling water is passed into the pyrolysis furnace jacket, the water-cooled heat exchanger jacket and the quencher water spray port through the closed water chiller and the water tank; the oil tank inputs the on-site combustion-supporting diesel, kerosene or waste oil to be treated into the oil spray port of the combustion furnace; the on-site compressed air is passed into the quencher compressed air port, the bag filter backflush port and other pneumatic components through the compressed air storage tank; the on-site ambient air is passed into the air inlet of the pyrolysis furnace, combustion furnace and air mixer through the blower.

[0015] Furthermore, according to the rapid docking and start-stop system of the mobile radioactive waste incineration device as described above, under the cooling and shutdown condition, on-site cooling water is passed through the closed water chiller and the water tank into the pyrolysis furnace jacket, the combustion furnace jacket, the water-cooled heat exchanger jacket and the waste heat exchange equipment jacket to reduce the temperature of the pyrolysis furnace and the combustion furnace; at the same time, on-site ambient air is passed through the air supply fan into the air inlet of the pyrolysis furnace, the combustion furnace and the air mixer to carry away the high-temperature gas in the pyrolysis furnace and the combustion furnace; the high-temperature gas then passes through the water-cooled heat exchanger, the air mixer and the waste heat exchange equipment in turn to achieve cooling; the cooled gas is discharged from the system through the high-efficiency filter, the exhaust gas online monitor and the induced draft fan.

[0016] Furthermore, in the rapid docking and start-stop system of the mobile radioactive waste incineration device as described above, the material bag conveying mechanism adopts partition lifting or belt conveying to realize the feeding and metering of waste material bags, and multiple valves are arranged to ensure that the pyrolysis furnace is not connected to the external environment during the feeding process.

[0017] Furthermore, as described above, in the rapid docking and start-stop system of the mobile radioactive waste incineration device, the combustion furnace body is made of refractory material, is provided with dual oil injection ports, and adopts a small furnace design to achieve preheating and rapid heating of key areas; the combustion furnace jacket is only introduced with cooling circulating water under cooling and shutdown conditions to fully and effectively exchange heat and cool the combustion furnace.

[0018] Furthermore, in the rapid docking and start-stop system of the mobile radioactive waste incineration device as described above, the waste heat exchange equipment adopts the form of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and is equipped with auxiliary fins and heat transfer enhancement elements to improve the heat exchange efficiency; the jacket of the waste heat exchange equipment is passed with combustion-supporting air under the startup preheating condition to further preheat the combustion-supporting air; the jacket of the waste heat exchange equipment is changed to pass cooling circulating water under the cooling and shutdown condition to further cool the exhaust gas.

[0019] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned rapid docking and start-stop system for the mobile radioactive waste incineration device, the closed water chiller is provided with a liquid level remote display and an automatic water inlet valve.

[0020] Furthermore, in the rapid docking and start-stop system of the mobile radioactive waste incineration device as described above, the closed water chiller and induced draft fan are both in a wheeled or movable form for easy docking.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the rapid docking and start-stop system for the mobile radioactive waste incineration device provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1) The system can quickly connect the incineration device to the operating site, start preheating and cool down the furnace, effectively improve the device docking efficiency, reduce the difficulty of docking, reduce the startup and shutdown time, improve the device operation efficiency, and achieve energy saving and consumption reduction;

[0023] 2) The system realizes the functions of on-site docking, start-up preheating, normal operation and cooling shutdown by optimizing the equipment and pipeline transformation and connection combination. It does not require additional equipment and does not take up extra space. It has a simple process, convenient operation and a high degree of automation. It reduces the difficulty of device operation and improves operational safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of a quick docking and start-stop system of a mobile radioactive waste incineration device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the connection between the above system provided in an embodiment of the present invention and the on-site conditions;

[0026] Figure 3 A connection diagram of the system provided in an embodiment of the present invention during the start-up preheating phase;

[0027] Figure 4 A connection diagram of the normal operation stage of the above system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a connection diagram of the above system in the cooling and shutdown stage provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0030] Figure 1 The overall schematic diagram of a radioactive waste mobile incineration device quick docking and start-stop system provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The radioactive waste mobile incineration device quick docking and start-stop system includes a bag conveying mechanism 1, a pyrolysis furnace 2, a combustion furnace 3, a water-cooled heat exchanger 4, a quencher 5, a bag filter 6, an air mixer 7, a purifier 8, a high-efficiency filter 9, an exhaust gas online monitor 10, and a water tank 11, an oil tank 12, a compressed air storage tank 13, a blower 14 and a waste heat exchange device 15. The above equipment is installed and fixed inside a container 16, and the electricity is collected in the container distribution cabinet; the radioactive waste mobile incineration device quick docking and start-stop system also includes a closed water chiller 17 and an induced draft fan 18 located outside the container. The various devices are connected and combined in different ways through pipelines to achieve the functions of on-site docking, start-up preheating, normal operation and cooling and stopping the furnace.

[0031] The bag conveying mechanism 1 is used to convey the waste bags to be processed into the pyrolysis furnace 2. The feeding port of the bag conveying mechanism 1 can receive the waste bags, and the discharging port is connected to the pyrolysis furnace 2. The bag conveying mechanism 1 can realize the feeding and metering of the waste bags by means of partition lifting or belt conveying, and at the same time, multiple valves are set to ensure that the pyrolysis furnace 2 is not connected to the external environment during the feeding process.

[0032] The pyrolysis furnace 2 is used for pyrolysis reaction of waste to generate pyrolysis gas. The feed port of the pyrolysis furnace 2 is connected to the material bag conveying mechanism 1, and the gas outlet is connected to the combustion furnace 3. The pyrolysis furnace 2 is provided with a grate for carrying waste materials; the shell is provided with an air inlet, which is connected to the blower 14 through a pipeline to introduce pyrolysis auxiliary air; the pyrolysis furnace 2 is provided with a jacket, which is connected to the water tank 11 through a pipeline and connected to the cooling circulating water to prevent the equipment temperature from being too high.

[0033] The combustion furnace 3 is used for high-temperature and full combustion of pyrolysis gas to produce tail gas. The combustion furnace 3 is connected to the pyrolysis furnace 2 upstream and the water-cooled heat exchanger 4 downstream. At the same time, multiple oil injection ports and air inlets are provided, which are respectively connected to the oil tank 12 and the blower 14 / waste heat exchange device 15 through pipelines (under the start-up preheating condition, the air inlet is directly connected to the waste heat exchange device 15), and the combustion-supporting fuel and air are introduced. The main body of the combustion furnace 3 is made of refractory materials, and the volume is suitable to meet the conditions required for the complete high-temperature combustion of pyrolysis gas. The combustion furnace 3, which is a key equipment in the preheating process, adopts a fast preheating design. For example, the setting of double oil injection ports can effectively increase the amount of oil burned; the small furnace design can realize the preheating and fast heating of key areas. In addition, the combustion furnace 3 is equipped with a jacket outside the refractory material, which is connected to the water tank 11 through a pipeline. The cooling circulating water is only connected to the cooling and shutdown stage to fully and effectively exchange heat and cool it.

[0034] The water-cooled heat exchanger 4 is used to cool the high-temperature exhaust gas. The water-cooled heat exchanger 4 is connected to the combustion furnace 3 upstream, and is connected to the quench cooler 5 downstream under normal operating conditions, and is directly connected to the air mixer 7 under cooling shutdown conditions. The water-cooled heat exchanger 4 adopts a conventional shell and tube heat exchanger form, with an external jacket, connected to the water tank through a pipeline, and connected to the cooling circulating water.

[0035] The quench cooler 5 is used to cool down the high-temperature exhaust gas. The quench cooler 5 is connected to the water-cooled heat exchanger 4 upstream and the bag filter 6 downstream. The quench cooler 5 is provided with a compressed air port and a water spray port, which are respectively connected to the compressed air storage tank 13 and the water tank 11 through pipelines, and compressed air and cooling water are connected to form atomized cooling water in the equipment.

[0036] The bag filter 6 is used for dust removal of the exhaust gas after cooling. The bag filter 6 is connected to the quench cooler 5 upstream and the air mixer 7 downstream. The bag filter 6 adopts a conventional bag or cartridge dust collector to remove particulate matter in the exhaust gas. At the same time, the bag filter 6 is provided with a backflush port, which is connected to the compressed air storage tank 13 through a pipeline, and compressed air is introduced to perform backflush operation on the filter element regularly.

[0037] Under normal operation, the air mixer 7 is connected to the bag filter 6 upstream and the purifier 8 downstream; under cooling shutdown conditions, the water-cooled heat exchanger 4 is connected upstream and the waste heat exchange device 15 is directly connected downstream. The air mixer 7 is provided with an air inlet, which is connected to the blower 14 through a pipeline to mix in ambient air at normal temperature to further reduce the exhaust temperature.

[0038] The purifier 8 is used to purify pollutants in the tail gas after cooling. The purifier 8 is connected to the air mixer 7 upstream and the high-efficiency filter 9 downstream. The purifier 8 uses built-in dry deacidifier or activated carbon and other fillers to effectively purify pollutants in the tail gas.

[0039] The high efficiency filter 9 is a redundant standby purification device for exhaust gas emission compliance, and is connected downstream to an exhaust gas online monitor 10. Under normal operating conditions, the purifier 8 is connected upstream; under cooling shutdown conditions, the waste heat exchange device 15 is directly connected upstream.

[0040] The exhaust gas online monitor 10 is used for real-time monitoring and alarming of aerosol and pollutant indicators in the exhaust gas, and is connected to the high-efficiency filter 9 upstream and the induced draft fan 18 downstream.

[0041] The water tank 11 is used to introduce on-site cooling water into the system water points to supply water for the normal operation of the system. The water tank 11 is installed in the container 16, and is connected to all the water points of the system through pipelines, including the pyrolysis furnace jacket, combustion furnace jacket, water-cooled heat exchanger jacket, quencher water spray port and waste heat exchange equipment jacket, and then connected to the closed water chiller 17. Among them, the necessary hard pipelines in the pipeline connected to the closed water chiller select the equipment shell as the fulcrum, and reduce the height of the pipeline. The bracket used adopts a modular finished bracket; the hose adopts a quick-connect form, and uses self-adhesive pipe clamps and other methods to achieve rapid fixation.

[0042] The oil tank 12 is used to input the combustion-supporting diesel, kerosene or waste oil to be treated into the fuel injection port of the combustion furnace, and provide the combustion-supporting fuel for the combustion reaction of the pyrolysis gas in the combustion furnace. The oil tank 12 is arranged in the container 16, connected to the fuel injection port of the combustion furnace through a pipeline, and then connected to the diesel, kerosene or waste oil container stored on site through a pipeline with suction and delivery functions. The circulation and mixing of the diesel, kerosene or waste oil to be treated are achieved through the oil tank and its pump and pipeline system.

[0043] The compressed air storage tank 13 is used to introduce the on-site compressed air into the system compressed air points and other pneumatic components to provide compressed air for the normal operation of the system. The compressed air storage tank 13 is installed in the container 16, and is connected to all the compressed air points of the system through pipelines, including the compressed air port of the quencher, the backflush port of the bag filter and other pneumatic components, and then connected to the on-site compressed air through a pressure-resistant hose.

[0044] The blower 14 is used to introduce ambient air into the air inlet of the system to provide combustion-supporting or cooling air for the normal operation of the system. The blower 14 is installed in the container 16 and is connected to all the gas-using points of the system through pipelines, including the air inlet of the pyrolysis furnace 2, the combustion furnace 3, the air mixer 7 and the waste heat exchange device 15, and then inhales the ambient air of the operation site through the air intake. The air outlet of the blower 14 is equipped with necessary air filtering equipment to ensure the quality of the ambient air entering the system.

[0045] The waste heat exchange device 15 is connected to the air mixer 7 and the high-efficiency filter 9, and operates under the startup preheating and cooling shutdown conditions. The waste heat exchange device 15 adopts the form of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and auxiliary fins and heat transfer enhancement elements are used to improve the heat exchange efficiency. Under the startup preheating condition, the waste heat exchange device jacket is connected to the blower 14 through a pipeline to pass preheated combustion air; under the cooling shutdown condition, it is connected to the water tank 11 through a pipeline to pass cooling circulating water, which is equivalent to adding an additional water-cooled heat exchanger to further cool the exhaust gas.

[0046] The container 16 is used to carry and install the material bag conveying mechanism 1, the pyrolysis furnace 2, the combustion furnace 3, the water-cooled heat exchanger 4, the quencher 5, the bag filter 6, the air mixer 7, the purifier 8, the high-efficiency filter 9, the exhaust gas online monitor 10, the water tank 11, the oil tank 12, the compressed air storage tank 13, the blower 14 and the waste heat exchange equipment 15, and the power consumption of the above equipment is collected in the container power distribution cabinet and connected to the on-site power supply. The side wall of the container 16 is provided with compressed air, cooling water pipelines and the placement positions of emergency materials such as grounding wires, wire reels, welding glue, etc., and is equipped with adapters of various models and sizes; the side wall and top cover of the container are unfoldable or foldable, which can be quickly opened and fixed; multiple grounding ports are set at appropriate positions of the container, which are connected to the on-site grounding points.

[0047] The closed water chiller 17 is connected to the cooling water and sewage outlet on site through a hose, and is connected to the water tank 11 through a pipeline. The closed water chiller 17 is provided with a liquid level remote display and an automatic water inlet valve; it is also in a wheeled or movable form for easy docking. The closed water chiller 17 is provided with a grounding port, which is connected to the on-site grounding point; the power supply point is connected to the on-site power supply.

[0048] The induced draft fan 18 is connected to the exhaust gas online monitor 10 through a pipeline. The pipeline uses the equipment shell as a fulcrum and reduces the pipeline height. The bracket used is a modular finished bracket; and then the exhaust port on site is connected through customized connectors and soft material temperature-resistant air ducts. In addition, the induced draft fan 18 is in a pulley or movable form for easy docking; the induced draft fan 18 is provided with a grounding port, which is connected to the on-site grounding point; the power supply point is connected to the on-site power supply.

[0049] Each functional system is described in detail below.

[0050] like Figure 2 As shown, the on-site docking function is used to realize the rapid docking of the mobile radioactive waste incineration device and the rapid docking of the start-stop system with on-site water, electricity, gas and other conditions. The equipment involved includes a water tank 11, an oil tank 12, a compressed air storage tank 13, a blower 14, a container 16, a closed water chiller 17 and an induced draft fan 18, among which:

[0051] The outlet end of the water tank 11 is connected to the collection point of all water use points of the system through a pipeline. All water use points of the system include the pyrolysis furnace jacket, the combustion furnace jacket, the water-cooled heat exchanger jacket, the quencher water spray port and the waste heat exchange equipment jacket; the inlet end of the water tank is connected to the closed water chiller 17 located outside the container 16; the closed water chiller 17 has a water inlet, which serves as the external cooling water interface of the system, and is connected to the on-site cooling water and sewage outlet through a hose.

[0052] The outlet end of the oil tank 12 is connected to the fuel injection port of the combustion furnace through a pipeline, and the inlet end of the oil tank 12 forms the external fuel interface of the system and is connected to the diesel, kerosene or waste oil container to be processed stored on site.

[0053] The outlet end of the compressed air storage tank 13 is connected to the collection point of all compressed air points of the system through a pipeline. All compressed air points of the system include the compressed air port of the quench cooler, the back-blowing port of the bag filter and other pneumatic components. The inlet end of the compressed air storage tank 13 forms the external compressed air interface of the system, which is connected to the compressed air on site.

[0054] The outlet end of the blower 14 is connected to the collection point of all gas consumption points of the system through a pipeline. All gas consumption points of the system include the air inlet of the pyrolysis furnace, combustion furnace, air mixer and waste heat exchange equipment. The inlet end of the blower 14 forms the external air interface of the system, sucking in the ambient air at the operation site.

[0055] The inlet end of the induced draft fan 18 is connected to the exhaust gas online monitor 10 in the container 16 through a pipeline, and the outlet end thereof forms the external exhaust gas discharge port of the system and is connected to the on-site exhaust port.

[0056] The power supplies of the container power distribution cabinet, the closed water chiller 17 and the induced draft fan 18 are all connected to the on-site grounding point and power supply to achieve power supply and safe grounding of the system.

[0057] like Figure 3 As shown, the startup preheating function is used to realize the preheating function before the startup and normal operation of the mobile radioactive waste incineration device, and the equipment involved includes a combustion furnace 3, a high-efficiency filter 9, an online exhaust gas monitor 10, a fuel tank 12, a blower 14, a waste heat exchange device 15 and an induced draft fan 18, wherein: the fuel tank 12 is connected to the combustion furnace 3 to provide the combustion furnace 3 with fuel required for preheating, and the fuel burns in the combustion furnace 3 to heat the combustion furnace; the blower 14 is connected to the waste heat exchange device 15, and the waste heat exchange device 15 is connected to the combustion furnace 3, and the combustion-supporting air provided by the blower 14 is heated by the waste heat exchange device 15 and then sent to the combustion furnace 3; the exhaust gas generated by the combustion of the fuel in the combustion furnace 3 is first cooled by the waste heat exchange device 15, and then passes through the high-efficiency filter 9, the online exhaust gas monitor 10 and the induced draft fan 18 in sequence to achieve standard emission.

[0058] like Figure 4As shown, the normal operation function is used to realize the normal operation of the mobile radioactive waste incineration device and incinerate the radioactive waste packages. The equipment involved includes a package conveying mechanism 1, a pyrolysis furnace 2, a combustion furnace 3, a water-cooled heat exchanger 4, a quencher 5, a bag filter 6, an air mixer 7, a purifier 8, a high-efficiency filter 9, an exhaust gas online monitor 10, a water tank 11, an oil tank 12, a compressed air storage tank 13, a blower 14, a closed water chiller 17 and an induced draft fan 18, wherein: the radioactive waste package enters the pyrolysis furnace 2 through the package conveying mechanism 1 to realize pyrolysis reaction, and the generated pyrolysis gas is fully burned at high temperature in the combustion furnace 3 to form exhaust gas; the exhaust gas is cooled and cooled through the water-cooled heat exchanger 4 and the quencher 5 in turn, and then the bag filter 6, the air mixer 7 and the purifier 8 are used to realize dust removal, further cooling and pollutant purification, and finally discharged from the system through the high-efficiency filter 9, the exhaust gas online monitor 10 and the induced draft fan 18 in turn. At the same time, the on-site cooling water is passed through the closed water chiller 17 and the water tank 11 into the pyrolysis furnace jacket, the water-cooled heat exchanger jacket and the quench cooler water nozzle, providing cooling water for the normal operation of the system; the oil tank 12 inputs the combustion-supporting diesel, kerosene or waste oil to be treated into the combustion furnace oil nozzle; the on-site compressed air is passed through the compressed air storage tank 13 into the quench cooler compressed air port, the bag filter backflush port and other pneumatic components, providing compressed air for the normal operation of the system; the on-site ambient air is passed through the air blower 14 into the air inlet of the pyrolysis furnace 2, the combustion furnace 3 and the air mixer 7, providing combustion-supporting or cooling air for the normal operation of the system.

[0059] like Figure 5 As shown, the cooling and stopping function is used to realize the cooling and stopping of the mobile radioactive waste incineration device, and the equipment involved includes a pyrolysis furnace 2, a combustion furnace 3, a water-cooled heat exchanger 4, an air mixer 7, a high-efficiency filter 9, an exhaust gas online monitor 10, a water tank 11, a blower 14, a waste heat exchange device 15, a closed water chiller 17 and an induced draft fan 18, wherein: the on-site cooling water is passed through the closed water chiller 17 and the water tank 11 into the pyrolysis furnace jacket, the combustion furnace jacket, the water-cooled heat exchanger jacket and the waste heat exchange device jacket to reduce the temperature of the main equipment pyrolysis furnace 2 and the combustion furnace 3 At the same time, the on-site ambient air is introduced into the air inlets of the pyrolysis furnace 2, the combustion furnace 3 and the air mixer 7 through the blower 14, carrying away the high-temperature gas in the main equipment pyrolysis furnace 2 and the combustion furnace 3. The high-temperature gas then passes through the water-cooled heat exchanger 4, the air mixer 7 and the waste heat exchange equipment 15 in turn to achieve cooling. Since the water-cooled heat exchanger jacket and the waste heat exchange equipment jacket are introduced with cooling water, and the air mixer 7 is introduced with ambient air, the temperature of the high-temperature gas can be effectively reduced; finally, the cooled gas is discharged from the system through the high-efficiency filter 9, the exhaust gas online monitor 10 and the induced draft fan 18.

[0060] The use process of the above-mentioned radioactive waste mobile incinerator quick docking and start-stop system is as follows:

[0061] S1. Transport the container 16, the closed water chiller 17 and the induced draft fan 18 to the operation site by means of a semi-trailer or the like, and arrange and position them by means of a crane, a forklift or the like.

[0062] S2. When all the mobile radioactive waste incinerators are positioned, they will be docked with the site conditions. The specific docking contents include:

[0063] 1) Connect with the on-site cooling water. Connect the on-site cooling water to the water inlet of the closed water chiller 17 through a hose, and then connect the closed water chiller to the water tank 11 in the container through a pipe. After that, the water tank 11 provides cooling water to the pyrolysis furnace jacket, combustion furnace jacket, water-cooled heat exchanger jacket, quencher water spray port and waste heat exchange equipment jacket through a dedicated pipeline. Similarly, the closed water chiller 17 is connected to the on-site sewage outlet through a hose for sewage discharge in special circumstances.

[0064] 2) Connecting with the on-site combustion-supporting fuel. The on-site reserve of diesel, kerosene or waste oil to be processed enters the oil tank 12 in the container through a pipeline with suction and delivery functions. The oil tank 12 and its pump and pipeline system are used to realize the circulation and mixing of the combustion-supporting fuel to be processed, and finally the combustion-supporting fuel is provided to the fuel injection port of the combustion furnace through a dedicated pipeline.

[0065] 3) Connecting with on-site compressed air. Connect the on-site compressed air to the compressed air storage tank 13 in the container 16 through a pressure-resistant hose, and then the compressed air storage tank 13 provides compressed air to the compressed air port of the quencher, the back-blowing port of the bag filter and other pneumatic components through a dedicated pipeline.

[0066] 4) Connect with the on-site air supply. The on-site ambient air is supplied to the air inlets of the pyrolysis furnace 2, the combustion furnace 3, the air mixer 7 and the waste heat exchange device 15 through a dedicated pipeline via the air blower 14 in the container 16 to provide combustion-supporting or cooling air. The air is filtered through the air filter to ensure the quality of the ambient air entering the equipment.

[0067] 5) Connecting with the on-site exhaust. The on-site exhaust port is connected to the induced draft fan 18 through a customized connector and a soft material temperature-resistant air duct, and the induced draft fan 18 is then connected to the exhaust online monitor 10 in the container 16 through a pipeline, thereby achieving the connection between the mobile radioactive waste incineration device and the on-site exhaust port.

[0068] 6) Connect with the on-site power supply and grounding. Connect the on-site grounding point and power supply to the power supply interface of the container power distribution cabinet, closed water chiller 17 and induced draft fan 18 respectively to realize the power supply and safe grounding of the system.

[0069] 7) Container transformation. Carry out necessary customization and transformation of container 16 to assist in completing the on-site rapid docking task. The transformation content includes: setting up compressed air, cooling water pipelines, and placement positions for emergency materials such as grounding wires, wire reels, and welding glue in the side walls of the container, and configuring adapters of various models and sizes to facilitate quick on-site connection; the side walls and top covers of the container are designed to be unfoldable or foldable, which can be opened and fixed quickly, which not only meets the heat dissipation and ventilation requirements of the system's internal connection with the external environment, but also avoids cumbersome operation processes and saves on-site space; multiple grounding ports are set at appropriate locations in the container to meet the grounding requirements of the equipment on site.

[0070] At this point, the rapid connection between the mobile radioactive waste incineration device and on-site conditions has been completed.

[0071] S3. After completing the on-site conditions docking, turn on the preheating function to start and preheat the mobile radioactive waste incineration device.

[0072] In this stage, the combustion furnace 3, high efficiency filter 9, exhaust gas online monitor 10, fuel tank 12, blower 14, waste heat exchange equipment 15 and induced draft fan 18 are started, and the rest of the equipment is turned off. The specific operation process is as follows:

[0073] First, the combustion-supporting fuel enters the fuel injection port of the combustion furnace through the oil tank 12, and undergoes a combustion reaction under the action of the combustion-supporting air, releasing heat, thereby achieving the purpose of preheating the combustion furnace 3; the combustion exhaust gas in the combustion furnace 3 is first cooled by the waste heat exchange device 15, and then discharged through the high-efficiency filter 9, the exhaust gas online monitor 10 and the induced draft fan 18. Among them, the exhaust gas passes through the inside of the waste heat exchange device 15, and the combustion-supporting air enters the combustion furnace 3 through the blower 14 and the jacket of the waste heat exchange device 15. Therefore, the normal temperature combustion-supporting air and the high temperature combustion exhaust gas realize heat exchange in the waste heat exchange device 15, while reducing the exhaust gas temperature to achieve cooling and discharge, it also increases the temperature of the combustion-supporting air, thereby promoting the combustion reaction and helping to achieve rapid preheating. Thus, the rapid start-up and preheating of the mobile incineration device for radioactive waste is achieved.

[0074] S4. When the startup preheating is completed and the temperature required for feeding is reached, the normal operation function is turned on to start the incineration of the radioactive waste packages.

[0075] At this stage, the bag conveying mechanism 1, pyrolysis furnace 2, combustion furnace 3, water-cooled heat exchanger 4, quencher 5, bag filter 6, air mixer 7, purifier 8, high-efficiency filter 9, exhaust gas online monitor 10, water tank 11, oil tank 12, compressed air storage tank 13, air blower 14, closed water chiller 17 and induced draft fan 18 are started, and the rest of the equipment is closed. The waste bag is transported into the pyrolysis furnace 2 through the bag conveying mechanism 1 for pyrolysis reaction; the pyrolysis gas generated after the waste pyrolysis is fully burned at high temperature in the combustion furnace 3 to form exhaust gas; the exhaust gas is cooled and cooled through the water-cooled heat exchanger 4 and quencher 5 in turn to reach the working temperature required by the subsequent purification equipment; then the cooled exhaust gas is passed through the bag filter 6, air mixer 7 and purifier 8 in turn to achieve dust removal, further cooling and pollutant purification; the cooled and purified exhaust gas is finally discharged from the system through the high-efficiency filter 9, exhaust gas online monitor 10 and induced draft fan 18. At the same time, the closed chiller 17 and the water tank 11 introduce the on-site cooling water into the water points of the above-mentioned equipment to supply water for the normal operation of the system; the oil tank 12 inputs the combustion-supporting diesel, kerosene or waste oil to be treated into the fuel injection port of the combustion furnace 3 to provide combustion-supporting fuel for the combustion reaction of the pyrolysis gas in the combustion furnace 3; the compressed air storage tank 13 introduces the on-site compressed air into the compressed air points and other pneumatic components of the above-mentioned equipment to provide compressed air for the normal operation of the system; the blower 14 introduces the ambient air into the air inlet of the above-mentioned equipment to provide combustion-supporting or cooling air for the normal operation of the system.

[0076] In summary, the normal operation of the mobile incineration device for radioactive waste is achieved.

[0077] S5. When the incineration task is completed and the furnace needs to be stopped or repaired, the cooling shutdown function is turned on and the cooling shutdown stage is entered.

[0078] In this stage, the pyrolysis furnace 2, the combustion furnace 3, the water-cooled heat exchanger 4, the air mixer 7, the high-efficiency filter 9, the exhaust gas online monitor 10, the water tank 11, the blower 14, the waste heat exchange equipment 15, the closed water chiller 17 and the induced draft fan 18 are started, and the other equipment is closed. The specific operation process is as follows:

[0079] The on-site cooling water is continuously introduced into the jacket of the pyrolysis furnace through the closed water chiller 17 and the water tank 11, and begins to be introduced into the jacket of the combustion furnace 3, so as to exchange heat and cool down the main equipment pyrolysis furnace 2 and the combustion furnace 3. At the same time, a large amount of ambient air is introduced into the air inlet of the pyrolysis furnace 2 and the combustion furnace 3 through the blower 14, carrying away the high-temperature gas in the pyrolysis furnace 2 and the combustion furnace 3. The high-temperature gas then passes through the water-cooled heat exchanger 4, the air mixer 7 and the waste heat exchange equipment 15 in turn to achieve cooling and cooling; the cooled exhaust gas passes through the high-efficiency filter 9, the exhaust gas online monitor 10 and the induced draft fan 18 in turn to be discharged from the system. In summary, the rapid cooling and shutdown of the mobile incineration device for radioactive waste is achieved.

[0080] Among them: the combustion furnace 3 is equipped with an external jacket, and cooling circulating water is only introduced during the cooling and shutdown stage to fully and effectively exchange heat and cool the combustion furnace 3, the largest heat generating device in the system. On-site cooling water is continuously introduced into the jacket of the water-cooled heat exchanger 4 through a closed water chiller and a water tank; a large amount of ambient air is introduced into the air inlet of the air mixer 7 through the blower 14, effectively reducing the temperature of the high-temperature gas. In addition, the jacket of the waste heat exchange device 15 is changed to pass cooling circulating water during the cooling and shutdown stage, which is equivalent to adding an additional water-cooled heat exchanger to further cool the exhaust gas.

[0081] The radioactive waste mobile incineration device rapid docking and start-stop system provided by the present invention can realize the rapid docking of the incineration device with the operation site, start preheating and cooling and stopping the furnace, effectively improve the device docking efficiency, reduce the docking difficulty, reduce the start-up and shutdown time, improve the device operation efficiency, and achieve energy saving and consumption reduction. The system realizes the functions of on-site docking, start preheating, normal operation and cooling and stopping the furnace by optimizing the equipment and pipeline transformation and connection combination, without adding equipment and occupying extra space, and has a simple process, convenient operation and high degree of automation, which reduces the difficulty of device operation and improves the operation safety.

[0082] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A rapid docking and start-stop system for a mobile radioactive waste incineration device, characterized in that: The system comprises: a container (16), wherein a material bag conveying mechanism (1), a pyrolysis furnace (2), a combustion furnace (3), a water-cooled heat exchanger (4), a quencher (5), a bag filter (6), an air mixer (7), a purifier (8), a high-efficiency filter (9), an exhaust gas online monitor (10), a water tank (11), an oil tank (12), a compressed air storage tank (13), a blower (14) and a waste heat exchange device (15) are fixedly arranged inside the container (16), wherein the power consumption of all the equipment inside the container (16) is collected in a container power distribution cabinet; the system further comprises a closed water chiller (17) and an induced draft fan (18) located outside the container (16); and the various equipment are connected and combined in different ways through pipelines, thereby forming the functions of on-site docking, start-up preheating, normal operation and cooling and stopping the furnace of the system; The feed port of the material bag conveying mechanism (1) is used to receive waste material bags, and the discharge port thereof is connected to the pyrolysis furnace (2). The gas outlet of the pyrolysis furnace (2) is connected to the combustion furnace (3). The material bag conveying mechanism (1) conveys the waste material bags to be processed into the pyrolysis furnace (2), and a pyrolysis reaction occurs in the pyrolysis furnace (2) to generate pyrolysis gas. The pyrolysis gas is fully burned at high temperature in the combustion furnace (3) to generate tail gas. The combustion furnace (3) is connected to the water-cooled heat exchanger (4) downstream. The water-cooled heat exchanger (4) is connected to the quench cooler (5) downstream under normal operating conditions, and is directly connected to the air mixer (7) under cooling and shutdown conditions. The water-cooled heat exchanger (4) and the quench cooler (5) are used to cool the high-temperature tail gas. The quench cooler (5) is connected to the bag filter ( 6), the bag filter (6) is used for dust removal of the exhaust gas after cooling; the bag filter (6) is connected to the air mixer (7) downstream, and the air mixer (7) is used to mix in ambient air at normal temperature to further reduce the exhaust temperature; the air mixer (7) is connected to the purifier (8) downstream under normal operating conditions, and is directly connected to the waste heat exchange device (15) downstream under cooling shutdown conditions, and the purifier (8) is used to purify pollutants in the exhaust gas after cooling; the purifier (8) is connected to the high-efficiency filter (9) downstream, and the high-efficiency filter (9) serves as a redundant standby purification device for exhaust gas emission compliance, and is connected to the exhaust gas online monitor (10) downstream, and the exhaust gas online monitor (10) is used to monitor and alarm aerosols and pollutant indicators in the exhaust gas in real time; The outlet end of the water tank (11) is connected to all water points of the system, and the inlet end is connected to the closed water chiller (17), and the closed water chiller (17) is used to connect to the on-site cooling water and sewage outlet; the outlet end of the oil tank (12) is connected to the oil injection port of the combustion furnace (3), and the inlet end of the oil tank (12) is used to connect to the diesel, kerosene or waste oil container stored on site to provide combustion-supporting fuel for the combustion reaction of the pyrolysis gas in the combustion furnace (3); the outlet end of the compressed air storage tank (13) is connected to all compressed air points of the system. The inlet end of the induced draft fan (18) is connected to the exhaust gas online monitor (10), and the outlet end is used to connect to the on-site compressed air; the outlet end of the blower (14) is connected to all gas consumption points of the system, and is used to introduce ambient air into the system to provide combustion-supporting or cooling air for the normal operation of the system; the waste heat exchange device (15) is connected to the air mixer (7) and the high-efficiency filter (9), and operates under the startup preheating and cooling shutdown conditions; the inlet end of the induced draft fan (18) is connected to the exhaust gas online monitor (10), and the outlet end is used to connect to the on-site exhaust port to form the external exhaust gas discharge port of the system.

2. The rapid docking and start-stop system for a mobile radioactive waste incineration device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: All water points of the system include the pyrolysis furnace jacket, combustion furnace jacket, water-cooled heat exchanger jacket, quencher water spray port and waste heat exchange equipment jacket; All compressed air points of the system include the compressed air port of the quench cooler, the back-blowing port of the bag filter and other pneumatic components; All gas consumption points of the system include the pyrolysis furnace (2), the combustion furnace (3), the air mixer (7) and the air inlet of the waste heat exchange device (15); The power supplies of the container power distribution cabinet, the closed water chiller (17) and the induced draft fan (18) are all connected to the on-site grounding point and the power supply to achieve power supply and safe grounding of the system.

3. The rapid docking and start-stop system for a mobile radioactive waste incineration device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Under the starting preheating condition, the oil tank (12) is connected to the combustion furnace (3), and the fuel is burned in the combustion furnace (3) to achieve combustion furnace preheating; the air supply fan (14) is connected to the preheating exchange device (15), and the preheating exchange device (15) is connected to the combustion furnace (3), and the combustion-supporting air provided by the air supply fan (14) is heated by the waste heat exchange device (15) and then sent into the combustion furnace (3); the exhaust gas generated by the combustion of the fuel in the combustion furnace (3) is cooled by the waste heat exchange device (15), and then passes through the high-efficiency filter (9), the exhaust gas online monitor (10) and the induced draft fan (18) in sequence to achieve standard emission.

4. The rapid docking and start-stop system for a mobile radioactive waste incineration device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Under normal operating conditions, radioactive waste packages enter the pyrolysis furnace (2) through the package conveying mechanism (1) to realize pyrolysis reaction, and the generated pyrolysis gas is fully burned at high temperature in the combustion furnace (3) to form tail gas; the tail gas is cooled and cooled by the water-cooled heat exchanger (4) and the quench cooler (5) in sequence, and then the bag filter (6), the air mixer (7) and the purifier (8) are used to remove dust, further cool down and purify pollutants, and finally discharged by the high-efficiency filter (9), the tail gas online monitor (10) and the induced draft fan (18) in sequence. The system; at the same time, on-site cooling water is passed through the closed water chiller (17) and the water tank (11) into the pyrolysis furnace jacket, the water-cooled heat exchanger jacket and the quencher water spray port; the oil tank (12) inputs on-site combustion-supporting diesel, kerosene or waste oil to be treated into the oil spray port of the combustion furnace (3); on-site compressed air is passed through the compressed air storage tank (13) into the quencher compressed air port, the bag filter backflush port and other pneumatic components; on-site ambient air is passed through the air blower (14) into the air inlet of the pyrolysis furnace (2), the combustion furnace (3) and the air mixer (7).

5. The rapid docking and start-stop system for a mobile radioactive waste incineration device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Under the cooling and shutdown condition, on-site cooling water is passed through the closed water chiller (17) and the water tank (11) into the pyrolysis furnace jacket, the combustion furnace jacket, the water-cooled heat exchanger jacket and the waste heat exchange equipment jacket to reduce the temperature of the pyrolysis furnace (2) and the combustion furnace (3); at the same time, on-site ambient air is passed through the air supply fan (14) into the air inlet of the pyrolysis furnace (2), the combustion furnace (3) and the air mixer (7), carrying away the high-temperature gas in the pyrolysis furnace (2) and the combustion furnace (3); the high-temperature gas then passes through the water-cooled heat exchanger (4), the air mixer (7) and the waste heat exchange equipment (15) in sequence to achieve cooling and temperature reduction; the cooled gas is discharged from the system through the high-efficiency filter (9), the exhaust gas online monitor (10) and the induced draft fan (18).

6. The rapid docking and start-stop system for a mobile radioactive waste incineration device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The material bag conveying mechanism (1) adopts a partition lifting or belt conveying method to achieve the feeding and metering of the waste material bags, and multiple valves are arranged to ensure that the pyrolysis furnace (2) is not connected to the external environment during the feeding process.

7. The rapid docking and start-stop system for a mobile radioactive waste incineration device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The combustion furnace (3) is made of refractory material, is provided with dual oil injection ports, and adopts a small furnace design to achieve preheating and rapid temperature rise in key areas; the combustion furnace jacket is only fed with cooling circulating water under cooling and shutdown conditions to fully and effectively perform heat exchange and cooling of the combustion furnace (3).

8. The rapid docking and start-stop system for a mobile radioactive waste incineration device according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The waste heat exchange device (15) is in the form of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and is equipped with auxiliary fins and heat transfer enhancement elements to improve the heat exchange efficiency; the waste heat exchange device (15) is operated under the preheating condition, through the jacket thereof, combustion-supporting air is introduced to further preheat the combustion-supporting air; the waste heat exchange device (15) is operated under the cooling and shutdown condition, through the jacket thereof, cooling circulating water is introduced to further cool the exhaust gas.

9. The rapid docking and start-stop system for a mobile radioactive waste incineration device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The closed water chiller (17) is provided with a liquid level remote display and an automatic water inlet valve.

10. The rapid docking and start-stop system for a mobile radioactive waste incineration device according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: The closed water chiller (17) and the induced draft fan (18) are both in a pulley or movable form, which is convenient for docking.

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