Wide-temperature-range high-safety battery system and thermal management thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a wide-temperature-range high-safety battery system and heat management thereof, and relates to the technical field of battery systems, the wide-temperature-range high-safety battery system comprises a battery box body, a battery leaching and heat dissipation integrated module and a multi-stage balanced leaching type topological structure; the battery leaching and heat dissipation integrated module comprises a plurality of battery modules, a frame and a module shell, a through hole is formed in the frame, and a gap cavity is formed below the module shell; the multi-stage balanced leaching type topological structure comprises a pump, a return pipeline, a liquid storage tank, a liquid feeding main pipeline, a plurality of shunting auxiliary pipelines and a plurality of nozzles, and the upper end and the lower end of the return pipeline are communicated with the liquid storage tank and the gap cavity respectively. And the liquid storage tank and the pump are matched to realize switching of multiple functions of leaching type liquid heating, cooling and heat preservation of the battery system, so that the heating and cooling rate is increased, the energy consumption is reduced, and the temperature uniformity is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery systems, and in particular to a high-safety battery system based on multi-level balancing and a wide temperature range and thermal management thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, lithium-ion batteries are widely used in new energy vehicle power battery systems, but their performance is greatly affected by the ambient temperature. In low temperature environments, the available capacity and power output capacity of the battery will be significantly reduced, and there is also a risk of lithium deposition during charging; high temperature environments will accelerate the battery life decay and increase the risk of thermal runaway. Therefore, the role of the battery thermal management system is becoming increasingly important and has become a key technology to ensure the efficient and safe operation of new energy vehicle power batteries. At the same time, in order to increase the energy density of the power battery system, the integration of the thermal management system needs to be improved.

[0003] At present, liquid cooling technology has become the mainstream solution for thermal management of power batteries in new energy vehicles. Immersion liquid cooling can be divided into two heat exchange methods: indirect cooling and direct cooling, represented by liquid cooling plate solutions and immersion solutions respectively. The liquid cooling plate solution cools or heats the battery by circulating coolant in the liquid cooling plate. Liquid cooling plate technology has been widely used in the new energy vehicle industry and can effectively maintain the battery temperature within a safe range. However, the liquid cooling plate solution has some limitations in practical applications. For example, during high-power charging and discharging, the battery temperature uniformity is poor, and local overheating or temperature inconsistency is prone to occur; at the same time, in a low temperature environment, the liquid cooling plate has a slow heating rate, which affects the starting performance of the battery. In addition, there is a certain contradiction between the heat dissipation capacity of the liquid cooling plate system and the lightweight requirements, and it is difficult to take into account the needs of efficient heat dissipation and reducing the weight of the system.

[0004] As an emerging immersion liquid cooling solution, immersion cooling technology directly immerses the battery in dielectric coolant. Compared with traditional liquid cold plate cooling, it has the advantages of better thermal uniformity, higher cooling efficiency, low energy consumption, and compact structure. It can also effectively reduce the risk of thermal runaway, and is therefore regarded as the development trend of future thermal management technology. However, immersion cooling also faces some challenges: (1) Components such as immersion liquid and immersion tank will increase the weight and volume of the battery system, resulting in a decrease in battery energy density, which will affect the endurance of new energy vehicles; (2) Due to the high specific heat capacity of the immersion liquid, the heating rate during the heating process is slow, which will make low-temperature preheating difficult, increase heating energy consumption, and affect low-temperature starting performance. (3) The immersion liquid is in direct contact with the battery, which may cause corrosion to the battery tabs and casing, thereby affecting the long-term reliability of the battery and making it difficult to meet the long battery life requirements of new energy vehicles;

[0005] In summary, although liquid cooling and immersion cooling technologies are widely used in the thermal management of new energy vehicle batteries, there are still certain shortcomings. Innovative technologies are urgently needed to improve the efficiency, reliability and system integration of thermal management systems to meet the growing performance requirements of new energy vehicles. Summary of the invention

[0006] 1. Technical issues to be solved

[0007] In view of the above background, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a wide temperature range and high safety battery system, and to design a corresponding structure and control strategy. Based on immersion cooling, the present invention proposes an immersion and heat dissipation integrated wide temperature range and high safety battery system.

[0008] The battery system is designed with a top-mounted multi-stage immersion liquid pipeline, which evenly transports the heat exchange immersion liquid to the top of the battery module for spraying and heat exchange on the battery. The battery pole ear is placed sideways, and the three-way movement of the battery is restricted by the battery module fixing frame. At the same time, through holes of different sizes are opened on the fixing frame, and the heat exchange immersion liquid is evenly flowed down from the through holes through the battery side wall in cooperation with the battery module shell to achieve uniform heat exchange on the battery surface. Through an external or internal liquid storage tank, combined with the control of the immersion liquid heater power and pump, the battery system can achieve multi-functional switching of immersion liquid heating, cooling, and heat preservation, thereby increasing the heat dissipation rate, reducing energy consumption, and improving temperature uniformity; and it can change the liquid level in the system, and extract the immersion liquid from the system when heat dissipation is not required, avoiding the risk of long-term immersion erosion of the battery and extending the service life of the battery. In addition, the system's fire extinguishing device is integrated and reused in the spray pipeline, which can use the spray pipeline to spray the fire extinguishing medium directly on the battery surface in the pack to extinguish the fire as soon as thermal runaway occurs, ensuring the safety of drivers and passengers.

[0009] (II) Technical solution

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A wide temperature range high safety battery system and its thermal management: composed of a battery box, a plurality of battery immersion and heat dissipation integrated modules placed in the battery box, and a multi-level balanced immersion topology structure;

[0011] The battery immersion and heat dissipation integrated module comprises a battery module composed of a plurality of square shell batteries arranged in a matrix, a frame for fixing the battery module, and a module shell for accommodating the battery module, the frame is provided with through holes of different sizes, the lower side of the module shell is opened, and a gap cavity is formed with the boss of the battery box;

[0012] The multi-stage balanced immersion topology structure includes a pump, a reflux pipeline, a liquid storage tank, a liquid delivery main pipeline, a plurality of shunt sub pipelines, and a plurality of nozzles. The upper and lower ends of the reflux pipeline are respectively connected to the liquid storage tank and the gap cavity. The pump is installed on the reflux pipeline. The liquid delivery main pipeline is led out of the liquid storage tank and arranged above the battery immersion and heat dissipation integrated module. The plurality of shunt sub pipelines are arranged on the liquid delivery main pipeline. The plurality of nozzles are arranged at the liquid outlet of the shunt sub pipeline to form a multi-stage balanced immersion topology structure.

[0013] The multi-stage balanced immersion topology structure pumps the immersion liquid from the gap cavity to the liquid storage tank, and then from the liquid storage tank through the liquid delivery main pipeline and the shunt secondary pipeline, and finally sprays it evenly onto each square shell battery through the nozzle. The immersion liquid flows down from the square shell battery and the frame, and gathers with the gap cavity to form a circulation loop.

[0014] Preferably, the tabs of the square shell battery are arranged laterally

[0015] Preferably, a water return port and a water outlet are provided at the bottom of the battery box, a water outlet pump is provided inside the water outlet, the water outlet is externally connected to a heat exchanger circuit, and the heat exchanger circuit is connected to the water return port.

[0016] Preferably, the liquid storage tank is built into the battery box, and an exhaust valve is provided in the liquid storage tank, and the liquid level in the liquid storage tank is controlled by the rotation speed of the pump and the exhaust volume of the exhaust valve.

[0017] Preferably, it also includes a safety fire extinguishing structure, which includes a fire extinguishing tank, which contains a fire extinguishing medium, and the fire extinguishing tank is connected to the multi-stage balanced immersion topological structure through a fire extinguishing valve.

[0018] Preferably, the battery case is composed of an upper case cover and a lower case body, the battery case body is coated with an insulating corrosion-resistant coating inside and outside, and insulating sealing gaskets are provided on the upper case cover, the lower case body and the bottom boss of the lower case body, which are bolted and sealed by bolts.

[0019] A heat pipe method for thermal management of a wide temperature range and high safety battery system according to the claim:

[0020] 1. Turn on the power and initialize the system parameters;

[0021] 2. Battery temperature collection, collect temperature for analysis;

[0022] 3. When the battery temperature is higher than the warning temperature, the fire extinguishing function is turned on, the fire extinguishing valve is opened, and the fire extinguishing tank is connected to the multi-level balanced immersion topology structure. The fire extinguishing medium is directly and evenly sprayed onto the battery surface through the multi-level balanced immersion topology structure, which can effectively curb the spread of thermal runaway, help reduce risks, and ensure the personal safety of passengers;

[0023] 4. When the battery temperature is between the preset cooling temperature and the warning temperature, the heat dissipation function is turned on. The immersion liquid flows from the liquid storage tank through the multi-stage balanced immersion topology structure from the top to the side surface of the square shell battery, and the flow rate is uniform, so that the battery is evenly cooled. After the immersion liquid reaches the gap cavity, it is pumped into the external heat exchanger circuit by the water outlet pump, and then flows back to the liquid storage tank through the return pipe to achieve cyclic heat dissipation;

[0024] 5. When the battery temperature is at the preset heating temperature and the preset cooling temperature, turn on the insulation function, draw the immersion liquid into the liquid storage tank, and keep the square shell battery warm;

[0025] 6. When the battery temperature is lower than the preset heating temperature, the heating function is turned on, the immersion liquid is heated in the external pipeline, and is pumped back into the system to spray the battery for heating.

[0026] (III) Beneficial effects

[0027] In view of the problems of weak temperature control ability and poor temperature uniformity of traditional liquid-cooled battery systems, the present invention combines the advantages of short heat transfer distance and fast heat exchange speed of immersion heat exchange to design a wide temperature range and high safety battery system, which can achieve the following effects:

[0028] (1) The multi-stage balanced immersion topology pipeline evenly transports and sprays the immersion liquid onto the upper surface of each battery, and flows evenly from the side wall of the battery through the battery module frame flow channel structure, performing immersion heat exchange on the entire surface of the battery, with excellent cooling effect and high temperature uniformity. There is no need to inject a large amount of immersion liquid into the battery box, which reduces the required immersion liquid volume compared with traditional immersion cooling, avoids the battery being immersed in the immersion liquid for a long time, and does not need to add structures such as liquid cooling plates. While taking advantage of the advantages of immersion cooling, the battery system is guaranteed to have a high energy density. In addition, the liquid heating function can be realized by using the external heating liquid and then immersing it, without the need to introduce a new structure, so as to achieve integrated heating and cooling.

[0029] (2) The battery structure with the tabs placed laterally is coupled with the immersion structure, which can cool the tabs by immersion. At the same time, the immersion pipeline is separated from the electrical connection structure, which improves the insulation safety of the electrical connection. In addition, when facing thermal runaway of the battery, high-temperature harmful gases can be ejected from the side (at the tabs), thereby improving the safety of the passenger compartment.

[0030] (3) The integrated immersion and heat dissipation structure and the liquid storage tank cooperate with each other. The liquid is heated for immersion in a low-temperature environment. When cooling is not required, the immersion liquid is extracted for heat preservation. In a high-temperature environment, the spray rate is increased and the amount of immersion liquid in the package is changed for rapid cooling, so that different operating modes can be flexibly switched. The thermal management function of the battery system is effective and has a wide temperature range.

[0031] (4) When the battery is facing thermal runaway, the external fire extinguisher tank will quickly transport the fire extinguishing medium into the box through the spray pipe and spray it directly onto the battery surface, which can effectively curb the spread of thermal runaway, while saving space and increasing the energy density of the entire package. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance of a wide temperature range and high safety battery system of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of point A;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery immersion and heat dissipation integrated module of a wide temperature range and high safety battery system of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a multi-level balanced immersion topology and a fire extinguishing structure of a wide temperature range and high safety battery system of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of a wide temperature range and high safety battery system according to the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 A battery system management control flow chart of a wide temperature range and high safety battery system of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a temperature and function diagram of a wide temperature range and high safety battery system of the present invention.

[0039] In the figure: 1. square shell battery; 2. frame; 3. module shell; 4. through hole; 5. gap cavity; 6. pump; 7. return pipeline; 8. liquid storage tank; 9. main liquid delivery pipeline; 10. branch secondary pipeline; 11. nozzle; 12. return water port; 13. water outlet; 14. fire extinguisher; 15. upper box cover; 16. lower box body; 17. water outlet pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present invention proposes a wide temperature range high safety battery system with immersion and heat dissipation safety. The appearance of the system is shown in FIG. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 5 The battery system is mainly composed of three parts: battery immersion and heat dissipation integrated module, 2-level balanced immersion topology structure, and safe fire extinguishing structure.

[0041] Battery immersion and heat dissipation integrated module Figure 3As shown. The module consists of a square shell battery 1, a battery module fixing frame 2 and a module shell 3. The square shell battery 1 is fixed by the module fixing frame 2, thereby limiting its horizontal movement to form a battery module; the frame 2 is provided with through holes 4 of different sizes to ensure that when the battery is immersing and heat exchanging, the flow rate of the immersion liquid flowing from the top through the side surface of the battery is uniform, so as to achieve uniform heat dissipation of the battery. The bottom of the module shell 3 is opened, so that the immersion liquid left through the side wall of the battery flows into the gap cavity 5 formed by the bottom of the module and the boss of the battery box for storage, and is pumped out by the pump 6 for liquid circulation.

[0042] Multi-level balanced immersion topology and fire extinguishing structure Figure 4 As shown. The structure consists of a liquid delivery main line 9, a shunt sub-line 10, a liquid storage tank 8, a reflux line 7 and a pump 6. When the battery is in a heat dissipation cycle, the immersion liquid reaches the sub-line through the liquid delivery main line 9, and is evenly dispersed to various positions above the battery through the sub-line, and finally sprayed through the nozzle 11 structure on the sub-line. The heat dissipation function is switched by changing the temperature of the sprayed immersion liquid. The main line changes the flow resistance through the inner diameter structure design to control the flow rate to each sub-line to be the same. The density and diameter of the nozzles 11 at different positions on the sub-line are set according to the flow law of the immersion liquid, so that the amount of immersion liquid sprayed to each battery remains uniform. A reflux pipeline 7 is set at the bottom of the battery system to recover the immersion liquid, and a pump 6 is used to maintain the circulation of the immersion liquid. In addition, a liquid storage tank 8 is set in the circulation loop. The liquid storage tank 8 has a liquid storage function and an exhaust valve. The liquid level in the liquid storage tank 8 can be controlled by changing the rotation speed and exhaust volume of the pump 6, thereby controlling the immersion liquid storage in the battery system. When the battery does not need immersion cooling, the pump 6 pumps the immersion liquid in the battery pack to the liquid storage tank 8 to avoid the battery being immersed in the immersion liquid for a long time, thereby reducing the risk of erosion. The fire extinguisher 14 shares the pipeline with the immersion system. A fire extinguisher valve is installed on the fire extinguisher 14. In daily use, the fire extinguisher 14 is separated from the pipeline by closing the fire extinguisher valve. When the battery has thermal runaway, the fire extinguisher valve is opened to allow the fire extinguishing medium to be quickly sprayed into the pipeline and directly sprayed onto the battery surface through the nozzle 11, effectively curbing the spread of thermal runaway.

[0043] The wide temperature range high safety battery system management method of the present invention is as follows: Figure 6 He Ru Figure 7As shown, firstly, a judgment is made based on the collected battery temperature information. If the battery temperature reaches the maximum temperature warning value, the fire extinguishing function is activated. If the battery temperature reaches the high-temperature cooling preset value, the immersion heat dissipation is turned on, and the immersion liquid is sprayed from the pipe to cool the battery, and then flows to the cavity at the bottom of the battery box. After being pumped out of the battery box by pump 6, it enters the heat exchanger for heat dissipation. The cooled liquid is randomly pumped back to the liquid storage tank 8 through the return port 12 and the pump 6 to complete the cycle. When the battery temperature is lower than the high-temperature preset value, the immersion liquid is pumped into the liquid storage tank 8 to keep the battery warm. When the temperature drops below the low-temperature setting value, the immersion liquid is heated in the external pipeline and pumped back to the system by pump 6 to spray the battery for heating, as follows:

[0044] 1. Turn on the power and initialize the system parameters;

[0045] 2. Battery temperature collection, collect temperature for analysis;

[0046] 3. When the battery temperature is higher than the warning temperature, the fire extinguishing function is turned on, the fire extinguishing valve is opened, and the fire extinguishing tank 14 is connected to the multi-level balanced immersion topology structure. The fire extinguishing medium is directly and evenly sprayed onto the battery surface through the multi-level balanced immersion topology structure, which can effectively curb the spread of thermal runaway, help reduce risks, and ensure the personal safety of passengers;

[0047] 4. When the battery temperature is between the preset cooling temperature and the warning temperature, the heat dissipation function is turned on. The immersion liquid flows from the liquid storage tank 8 through the multi-stage balanced immersion topology structure and flows evenly from the top through the side surface of the square shell battery 1 to achieve uniform heat dissipation of the battery. After the immersion liquid reaches the gap cavity 5, it is pumped into the external heat exchanger circuit by the pump 6 of the water outlet 13, and then flows back to the liquid storage tank 8 through the return pipe to achieve cyclic heat dissipation;

[0048] 5. When the battery temperature is at the preset heating temperature and the preset cooling temperature, the heat preservation function is turned on, and the immersion liquid is pumped into the liquid storage tank 8 to keep the square shell battery 1 warm;

[0049] 6. When the battery temperature is lower than the preset heating temperature, the heating function is turned on, the immersion liquid is heated in the external pipeline, and is pumped back into the system by pump 6 to spray on the battery for heating.

[0050] In the battery system assembly, the material of the upper box cover 15 and the lower box body 16 is generally 6061 aluminum alloy, and the box body is coated with an insulating and corrosion-resistant coating inside and outside. The upper and lower boxes 16 and the bottom boss are provided with insulating sealing gaskets, which are bolted and sealed by bolts. The immersion liquid for immersion can be silicone oil, mineral oil, etc. The fire extinguishing medium can be liquid nitrogen, water-based fire extinguishing medium, etc.

[0051] Embodiment: The power battery system of new energy vehicles generally adopts a thermal management solution based on a liquid cooling plate, which relies on the indirect contact between the cooling medium and the battery unit to achieve heat dissipation and heating. The liquid cooling plate keeps the battery temperature within a safe range by conducting heat. However, with the increasing demand for high and low temperature fast charging, short-term high power output, long-term high-load operation and other requirements of new energy vehicles, the battery temperature changes dramatically, and the existing liquid cooling plate thermal management solution has been difficult to meet the performance requirements under these complex working conditions. The heat transfer efficiency of the liquid cooling system is limited under high-load operation or extreme low temperature environment, and the contact between the cooling immersion liquid and the battery may cause uneven heat distribution, affecting the service life and performance of the battery. Therefore, a wide temperature range high-safety battery system described in the present invention can be used. First, the immersion and heat dissipation integrated battery system can achieve efficient thermal management with the shortest heat exchange path for different working conditions; the multi-level balanced spray structure can ensure the temperature uniformity between batteries, and can meet the variable thermal management requirements of new energy vehicles under complex working conditions in a wide temperature range. Second, in the wide temperature range high-safety battery system, the sideways placed battery design and fire extinguishing device can respond immediately, protecting the lives and property of members from both passive and active levels, and improving the safety of new energy vehicles. Third, the wide temperature range high-safety battery system is highly intensive and has a high energy density of the whole package, which can increase the vehicle's driving range. In addition, the wide temperature range high-safety battery system can also be flexibly combined with the vehicle's thermal management, and heat exchange can be carried out through the heat pump 6 air conditioner to achieve the linkage between the battery thermal management system and the vehicle thermal management system.

[0052] In summary, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0053] 1. Immersion topology for balanced spraying in stages. The immersion liquid is input into the battery pack through the main liquid delivery line 9, evenly transported to the top of each battery module through the secondary shunt line 10, and then evenly sprayed to the upper surface of each battery through the nozzle 11 on the secondary line, so that the amount of immersion liquid sprayed to different batteries is balanced, ensuring the uniformity of fluid distribution, thereby improving the consistency of battery temperature.

[0054] 2. Battery module fluid equalization frame 2 structure. The frame 2 structure plays the role of fixing and stabilizing the battery. At the same time, through grooves of different sizes are opened at the connection of the battery surface. After being assembled with the battery, a passage with different flow resistance is formed, so that the immersion liquid sprayed on the top of the module can flow down evenly, which is conducive to improving the temperature consistency of the battery.

[0055] 3. A battery side-mounted immersion structure with integrated heat dissipation function. Based on immersion cooling, the battery box is used as the immersion chamber, and the immersion liquid is sprayed directly onto the upper surface of the battery for cooling through a graded spray pipeline. The immersion liquid flows through the gap through all surfaces of the battery for heat exchange. At the same time, the liquid is heated and then sprayed to achieve uniform heating of the battery under the same structure, effectively reducing the required immersion liquid volume, which is beneficial to improving the energy density of the battery system. The battery tabs or poles are placed sideways to separate the electrical connection structure from the spray pipeline structure to ensure insulation safety. At the same time, the tabs can also be individually heat-exchanged through the immersion liquid flowing sideways. When thermal runaway occurs, high-temperature harmful gases are sprayed sideways and will not be sprayed directly into the passenger compartment, which improves system safety.

[0056] 4. Thermal management method for battery immersion system. By installing an additional liquid storage tank 8 inside or outside the battery system, the pump 6 can be used to control the real-time immersion liquid flow rate and the amount of immersion liquid in the battery system; and the immersion liquid can be pumped out and stored when the battery needs to be kept warm, thereby reducing the thermal conductivity.

[0057] 5. Self-protection safety management method based on direct injection of fire extinguishing medium in the pack. The fire extinguishing tank 14 installed outside the battery system is connected to the battery box through a common leaching pipeline and is equipped with a fire extinguishing safety valve. When the battery has thermal runaway, the fire extinguishing medium can be quickly delivered into the battery pack and directly and evenly sprayed onto the battery surface, which can effectively curb the spread of thermal runaway, help reduce risks, and ensure the personal safety of passengers.

[0058] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A wide temperature range high safety battery system, characterized by: It consists of a battery box, several groups of battery immersion and heat dissipation integrated modules placed in the battery box, and a multi-level balanced immersion topology structure; The battery immersion and heat dissipation integrated module comprises a battery module composed of a plurality of square shell batteries (1) arranged in a matrix, a frame (2) for fixing the battery module, and a module housing (3) for accommodating the battery module, the frame (2) being provided with through holes (4) of different sizes, the module housing (3) being open at the bottom to form a gap cavity (5) with the boss of the battery box; The multi-stage balanced immersion topological structure comprises a pump (6), a reflux pipeline (7), a liquid storage tank (8), a liquid delivery main pipeline (9), a plurality of shunt auxiliary pipelines (10), and a plurality of nozzles (11); the upper and lower ends of the reflux pipeline (7) are respectively connected to the liquid storage tank (8) and the gap cavity (5); the pump (6) is installed on the reflux pipeline (7); the liquid delivery main pipeline (9) is led out from the liquid storage tank (8) and arranged above the battery immersion and heat dissipation integrated module; the plurality of shunt auxiliary pipelines (10) are arranged on the liquid delivery main pipeline (9); and the plurality of nozzles (11) are arranged at the liquid outlet of the shunt auxiliary pipeline (10), thereby forming a multi-stage balanced immersion topological structure; The multi-stage balanced immersion topological structure draws the immersion liquid from the gap cavity (5) to the liquid storage tank (8), and then from the liquid storage tank (8) through the liquid delivery main pipeline (9) and the flow distribution auxiliary pipeline (10), and finally sprays the immersion liquid evenly onto each square shell battery (1) through the nozzle (11). The immersion liquid flows down from the square shell battery (1) and the frame (2), and is collected with the gap cavity (5) to form a circulation loop.

2. A wide temperature range high safety battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tabs of the square-shell battery (1) are arranged laterally.

3. A wide temperature range high safety battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the battery box is provided with a water return port (12) and a water outlet (13), the water outlet (13) also has a water outlet pump (17) inside, the water outlet (13) is externally connected to a heat exchanger circuit, and the heat exchanger circuit is connected to the water return port (12).

4. A wide temperature range high safety battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid storage tank (8) is built into the battery box, and an exhaust valve is arranged in the liquid storage tank (8). The liquid level in the liquid storage tank (8) is controlled by the rotation speed of the pump (6) and the exhaust volume of the exhaust valve.

5. The wide temperature range high safety battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a safety fire extinguishing structure, which comprises a fire extinguishing tank (14), wherein the fire extinguishing tank (14) contains a fire extinguishing medium, and the fire extinguishing tank (14) is connected to the multi-stage balanced immersion topological structure through a fire extinguishing valve.

6. A wide temperature range high safety battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery box body is composed of an upper box cover (15) and a lower box body (16). The battery box body is coated with an insulating and corrosion-resistant coating inside and outside. The upper box cover (15), the lower box body (16) and the bottom boss of the lower box body (16) are provided with insulating sealing gaskets, which are bolted and sealed by bolts.

7. A heat pipe method for thermal management of a wide temperature range and high safety battery system according to claim 1: 7.

1. Turn on the power and initialize the system parameters; 7.

2. Battery temperature collection, collect temperature for analysis; 7.

3. When the battery temperature is higher than the warning temperature, the fire extinguishing function is turned on, the fire extinguishing valve is opened, and the fire extinguishing tank is connected to the multi-level balanced immersion topology structure. The fire extinguishing medium is directly and evenly sprayed onto the battery surface through the multi-level balanced immersion topology structure, which can effectively curb the spread of thermal runaway, help reduce risks, and ensure the personal safety of passengers; 7.

4. When the battery temperature is between the preset cooling temperature and the warning temperature, the heat dissipation function is turned on. The immersion liquid flows from the liquid storage tank through the multi-stage balanced immersion topology structure from the top to the side surface of the square shell battery, and the flow rate is uniform, so that the battery is evenly cooled. After the immersion liquid reaches the gap cavity, it is pumped into the external heat exchanger circuit by the water outlet pump, and then flows back to the liquid storage tank through the return pipe to achieve cyclic heat dissipation; 7.

5. When the battery temperature is between the preset heating temperature and the preset cooling temperature, turn on the insulation function and draw the immersion liquid into the liquid storage tank to keep the square shell battery warm; 7.

6. When the battery temperature is lower than the preset heating temperature, the heating function is turned on, the immersion fluid is heated in the external heat exchanger and pumped back into the system to spray on the battery for heating.

Images