Comprehensive grain impurity removal, drying and storage system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of grain drying, in particular to a comprehensive grain impurity removing, drying and storing system and method.The comprehensive grain impurity removing, drying and storing system comprises at least one set of bin bodies, an elevator is arranged outside each bin body, grains are put into the bin bodies from the tops of the bin bodies through the elevators, and the grains fall to the bottoms of the bin bodies due to gravity and enter the elevators again; the bin body is of a structure with the side face hollowed out, an impurity removal system is arranged in a feeding port in the top of the bin body, a slow descending system is arranged in the bin body, and a dry storage mode switching system is arranged outside the bin body. By means of the method, the problems that in the prior art, the grain moving space in an airing bin is relatively small, grains are prone to being crushed when being lifted through an auger, and weeds and impurities are difficult to remove can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of grain drying, and in particular to a comprehensive grain impurity removal, drying and storage system and method. Background Art

[0002] After the grain is harvested, the traditional way to dry the grain is to spread it on a hardened surface such as a road. This method has the following defects: (1) It occupies a large area and is prone to traffic accidents; (2) In order to dry the grain as quickly as possible, it needs to be turned over frequently, which is time-consuming and laborious; (3) In rainy weather, the drying effect of grain is poor and the grain is prone to mold.

[0003] In order to solve the problem of grain drying, grain dryers that dry grain by providing hot air have emerged. Although the dryer can dry the grain, it is difficult to guarantee the quality of the grain after drying. In order to solve the problem of grain drying and ensure the quality of the grain after drying, grain drying warehouses have emerged, such as the intelligent grain drying and storage integrated warehouse disclosed in Chinese Patent 2020233312081. The grain on the ground is lifted to the top of the integrated warehouse by the auger located in the center of the integrated warehouse, and then the grain falls from top to bottom to the ground under its own weight, and this cycle continues. However, this technology still has the following shortcomings: (1) The auger is located inside the entire integrated warehouse, occupying a certain space, which makes the movement space of grain relatively small and the degree of dispersion is poor; (2) When using the auger to lift the grain, it is easy to crush the grain; (3) Some weeds and impurities in grain are difficult to remove. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a comprehensive grain impurity removal, drying and storage system and method, which can solve the problems in the prior art that the space for grain movement in the drying bin is relatively small, the grain is easily crushed when lifting the grain by an auger, and weeds and impurities are difficult to remove.

[0005] A comprehensive grain impurity removal, drying and storage system comprises at least one group of silos, wherein an elevator is arranged outside the silo, and the elevator puts grain into the silo from the top of the silo, and the grain falls to the bottom of the silo due to gravity and re-enters the elevator; The warehouse body is a structure with hollow sides, a de-impurity system is arranged in the feed port at the top of the warehouse body, a slow-down system is arranged inside the warehouse body, and a dry storage mode switching system is arranged outside the warehouse body.

[0006] Preferably, a first fan is provided at the feed inlet of the silo body, and at least one second fan is provided on one side surface of the silo body.

[0007] Preferably, the impurity removal system includes a vibration plate installed below the feed port, the left end of the vibration plate is at a set distance from the left inner wall of the silo body, forming a grain drop port; the right end of the vibration plate is rotatably connected to the right inner wall of the silo body, an impurity outlet is opened on the right side of the silo body, and the impurity outlet is located above the vibration plate, and the first fan is installed on the opposite side of the impurity outlet.

[0008] Preferably, a conveyor belt is provided between the drop opening of the bin body and the elevator.

[0009] Preferably, the slow descent system includes a plurality of isolation ribs, each of which has a triangular cross-section, and the plurality of isolation ribs are arranged in a criss-cross pattern from top to bottom in the warehouse body.

[0010] Preferably, the dry storage mode switching system includes a plurality of baffles arranged parallel to each other, the upper and lower ends of the baffles are rotatably connected to the outer wall of the bin body, the plurality of baffles are commonly connected to a transmission belt, the transmission belt drives the baffles to rotate, and adjacent baffles abut against or separate from each other, thereby realizing the switching of the bin body between the storage bin and the drying bin.

[0011] Preferably, the elevator comprises a frame, a chain conveying mechanism is respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the frame, each chain conveying mechanism comprises a conveying chain and a driving sprocket, and a plurality of lifting buckets are arranged between the two conveying chains along the transmission direction of the conveying chain.

[0012] Preferably, a support shaft is provided between two adjacent chain units of the conveying chain, and two support shafts at opposite positions on the two conveying chains jointly support a lifting bucket.

[0013] Preferably, the driving sprockets in the two chain conveying mechanisms are coaxially arranged.

[0014] The present invention also discloses a method for removing impurities and drying grains by using the above system, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Place the food on the conveyor belt; Step 2: The grain is transported to the elevator via a conveyor belt and lifted to the top by the elevator; Step 3: The elevator transports the grain to the feed port on the top of the silo; Step 4: The first fan and the vibration plate are started while the elevator feeds the material to the feed inlet. The vibration plate shakes the grains, and the lighter impurities are blown out of the silo by the first fan, while the heavier grains enter the silo along the left end of the vibration plate; Step 5: The grain slowly descends in the silo due to the resistance of the slow-descent system, and the second fan is started to dry the moisture, and finally falls onto the conveyor belt under the silo; Step 6. Repeat steps 2 to 5.

[0015] The present invention arranges an impurity removal system on the top of the silo body, separates and blows away impurities through the vibration of the vibration plate and the blowing of the first fan, then allows the grain to slowly descend in the silo body through the buffering effect of the slow-descent system, dries the grain through the second fan, and realizes the cyclic drying of the grain by the elevator arranged outside the silo.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention can achieve rapid grain removal and drying by cooperating with the impurity removal system, the fan and the elevator without damaging the grain. The grain can be fully exposed to sunlight and flowing air during the circulation process, thereby improving the drying efficiency. The drying mode and storage mode switching system allows the system to be used as both a drying system and a grain storage bin, killing two birds with one stone, fully improving the system utilization rate and saving floor space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a plan view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of middle A; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the slow-descent system inside the warehouse; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the hoist structure; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the conveyor chain and the lifting bucket; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the bin in the impurity removal and drying mode; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the warehouse in storage mode; In the figure, 1. bin body, 1.1. feed port, 1.2. drop port, 2. second fan, 3. first fan, 4. elevator, 5. conveyor belt, 6. vibration plate, 7. cam mechanism, 8. perforated sieve plate, 9. transverse isolation ribs, 10. longitudinal isolation ribs, 11. baffle, 12. transmission belt, 13. lifting bucket, 14. conveyor chain, 15. driving sprocket, 16. first chain unit, 17. second chain unit, 18. support shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0020] Embodiment 1 like Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown, the present invention discloses a comprehensive grain impurity removal, drying and storage system, which includes an elevator 4 and multiple groups of bins 1 coordinated with the elevator. By increasing or decreasing the number of partial bins on the top of the elevator, the number of bins 1 can be set according to demand, realizing a one-to-two, one-to-three, one-to-four and other combinations of multiple groups of bins 1 and an elevator 4. The sub-bins of the elevator 4 belong to the prior art and will not be described here.

[0021] The silo 1 is a shell structure with hollowed-out sides. A feed port 1.1 is provided at the top of the silo 1, a feed port 1.2 is provided at the bottom of the silo, and a conveyor belt 5 is provided below the feed port 1.2. The grains coming out of the silo 1 are transported to the elevator 4 through the conveyor belt 5, so as to be circulated into the silo 1 for drying. At least two groups of feed ports 1.2 are provided. Compared with a traditional group of feed ports, this arrangement can increase the feed height, thereby increasing the storage capacity of the silo 1 under the same design height and floor space, and lowering the center of gravity of the silo 1 under the same storage capacity and floor space, thereby improving stability. Two groups of fans are installed on the side wall of the silo 1, wherein the first fan 3 is installed near the feed port 1.1, and is used to blow air into the inner cavity at the top of the silo 1, and cooperate with the impurity removal system inside the silo 1 to remove impurities in the grains. The second fan 2 is installed on the outer side wall of the middle part of the silo 1. When in use, the second fan 2 is located on the east or west side of the silo 1. Since the wind direction is mostly from north to south, the natural wind can dry the grain in the silo 1 in the north-south direction. The second fan 2 installed in the east or west direction makes up for the deficiency of the natural wind, further speeds up the air flow in the silo 1, dries the grain in the silo 1, and improves the drying efficiency.

[0022] A dust removal system and a slow-down system are arranged in the silo 1. The dust removal system is used to remove sundries such as hay and stones from the grains, and the slow-down system is used to make the grains fall slowly, prolong the ventilation time, and make the grains fully dry.

[0023] The impurity removal system includes a vibration plate 6 and a cam mechanism 7. The vibration plate 6 is installed below the feed inlet 1.1. The left end of the vibration plate 6 is at a set distance from the left inner wall of the silo 1 to form a grain drop port. The right end of the vibration plate 6 is rotatably connected to the right inner wall of the silo 1. The cam mechanism 7 is installed below the vibration plate 6. The cam mechanism 7 is connected to the motor and rotates under the drive of the motor to drive the vibration plate 6 to vibrate up and down. An impurity outlet is opened on the right side of the silo 1. The impurity outlet is located above the vibration plate 6. The air inlet of the first fan 3 is located opposite to the impurity outlet. After the grain enters the silo from the feed inlet 1.1, it falls on the vibration plate 6. The vibration plate 6 vibrates up and down to lift the grain. The impurities are blown out of the impurity outlet to the outside of the silo 1 by the blowing force of the first fan 3. In the natural state, the height of the left end of the vibration plate 6 is lower than the height of the right end. When the cam mechanism 7 rotates, the left end of the vibration plate 6 switches between being higher than the right end and being lower than the right end. Under the action of the up and down movement of the vibration plate 6, the heavier grains enter the lower part along the grain drop opening between the left end of the vibration plate 6 and the left side of the silo 1. The lighter debris is discharged from the impurity outlet under the action of the first fan 3. A perforated screen plate 8 is also arranged under the vibration plate 6. The perforated screen plate 8 is inclined with the left side higher than the right side. The purpose is to allow the grains to evenly enter the silo 1 after falling from the left end of the vibration plate 6 under the dual action of the inclined guide of the perforated screen plate 8 and the leakage of the perforated screen plate 8.

[0024] The descent control system includes multiple staggered isolation bars, including Figure 4 As shown in the figure, there are gaps between two adjacent transverse isolation ribs 9 or two adjacent longitudinal isolation ribs 10 in the same horizontal plane. The cross-section of each isolation rib is an isosceles triangle structure, and the vertex angle of the isosceles triangle is set upward. In order to ensure that the grain falls smoothly along the inclined surface of the triangle, the angle of the vertex angle of the triangle must be less than 90 degrees. The arrangement of the isolation ribs in the silo body is as follows: from top to bottom, there is a layer of transverse isolation ribs 9 and a layer of longitudinal isolation ribs 10. The longitudinal isolation ribs 10 above the transverse isolation ribs 9 and the longitudinal isolation ribs 10 below the transverse isolation ribs 9 are not in the same vertical plane. That is, the two adjacent layers of longitudinal isolation ribs 10 above and below are also staggered. The staggered layout is conducive to slowing down the falling speed of grain, prolonging the time that grain is in contact with wind force, and increasing the drying speed.

[0025] A conveyor belt 5 is arranged below the drop opening 1.2 of the silo 1. The conveyor belt 5 is a multi-group combined type. Through the combination, the grain is transferred from the silo 1 to the elevator 4, and finally the grain is sent back into the silo 1 through the elevator 4 to achieve cyclic drying.

[0026] The elevator 4 includes a frame made of welded steel sections, and a chain conveying mechanism is arranged on each of the left and right sides of the frame. Each chain conveying mechanism includes a plurality of drive sprockets 15 installed on the frame. The drive sprockets 15 on both sides are arranged symmetrically, that is, two drive sprockets 15 at the same height are arranged coaxially. The plurality of drive sprockets 15 on each side are jointly connected to a conveying chain 14, and a plurality of lifting buckets 13 are arranged between the two conveying chains 14 along the transmission direction of the conveying chain 14. Figure 6 As shown, the first chain unit 16 and the second chain unit 17 of the conveying chain 14 are hinged to each other through the support shaft 18, and the support shafts 18 on both sides are connected to the lifting bucket 13 in the middle. The driving sprocket 15 drives the conveying chain 14 to move, and then drives the lifting bucket 13 to move, so as to transport the grain from the lower conveyor belt 5 to the higher feed port 1.1. In the chain drive, the conveying chain 14 and the driving sprocket 15 are connected by a snap-on connection. For conveying a medium with a large specific gravity such as grain, the snap-on transmission structure can prevent slipping and idling.

[0027] The present invention also discloses a method for removing impurities and drying grains by using the above system, which is specifically as follows: Step 1, placing food on the conveyor belt 5; Step 2: The grain is transported to the lifting bucket 13 of the elevator 4 via the conveyor belt 5, and then lifted to the top by the elevator 4; Step 3: The elevator 4 transports the grain to the feed inlet 1.1 at the top of the silo 1 through the sub-silo; Step 4: While the elevator 4 is feeding the material to the feed port 1.1, the first fan 3 and the vibration plate 6 are started. The vibration plate 6 shakes the grains, and the lighter impurities are blown out of the silo by the first fan 3, and the heavier grains enter the silo 1 along the left end of the vibration plate 6; Step 5: The grain slowly falls in the silo 1 due to the resistance of the slow-fall system, and the second fan 2 is started to blow away the moisture, and finally falls from the drop port 1.2 onto the conveyor belt 5 below the silo 1; Step 6. Repeat steps 2 to 5. Embodiment 2 like Figure 7-Figure 8 As shown, the present invention also has a dry storage mode switching system outside the warehouse body 1, and the switching system includes a plurality of baffles 11 arranged in parallel with each other. The upper and lower ends of the baffles 11 are rotatably connected to the outer wall of the warehouse body 1 through bearings, and transmission wheels are installed at the upper and lower ends of the baffles 11. A transmission belt 12 is arranged outside the transmission wheel. There are two transmission belts 12, one at the upper and one at the lower. The transmission belt 12 drives the transmission wheel to rotate, and then drives the baffles 11 to rotate, so that the angle formed by the baffles 11 and the warehouse body 1 is switched between 90 degrees and 0 degrees. Adjacent baffles 11 abut against each other or are parallel to each other. When abutting against each other, the entire warehouse body 1 is sealed together, such as Figure 7As shown, the silo 1 is used as a grain storage silo; when they are parallel to each other, the inside and outside of the silo 1 are ventilated, as shown in FIG. Figure 8 The dry storage mode switching system realizes the automatic and smooth switching of the bin body 1 between the storage bin and the drying bin.

[0028] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A comprehensive grain impurity removal, drying and storage system, characterized in that: It comprises at least one group of silos (1), wherein an elevator (4) is arranged outside the silo (1), and the elevator (4) puts grains into the silo (1) from the top of the silo (1), and the grains fall to the bottom of the silo (1) due to gravity and re-enter the elevator (4); The silo (1) is a structure with hollowed-out sides; a de-impurity system is arranged in the feed port (1.1) at the top of the silo (1); a slow-down system is arranged inside the silo (1); and a dry storage mode switching system is arranged outside the silo (1).

2. A comprehensive grain impurity removal, drying and storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first fan (3) is arranged at the material inlet (1.1) of the silo body (1), and at least one second fan (2) is arranged on one side surface of the silo body (1).

3. The comprehensive grain impurity removal, drying and storage system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The impurity removal system comprises a vibration plate (6) installed below the feed port (1.1), the left end of the vibration plate (6) being at a set distance from the left inner wall of the silo (1) to form a grain drop port; the right end of the vibration plate (6) being rotatably connected to the right inner wall of the silo (1), the right side of the silo (1) being provided with an impurity outlet, the impurity outlet being located above the vibration plate (6), and the first fan (3) being installed on the opposite side of the impurity outlet.

4. The comprehensive grain impurity removal, drying and storage system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A conveyor belt (5) is provided between the material drop opening (1.2) of the bin body (1) and the elevator (4).

5. The comprehensive grain impurity removal, drying and storage system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The slow-descent system includes a plurality of isolation ribs, each of which has a triangular cross-section. The plurality of isolation ribs are arranged in a criss-cross pattern from top to bottom in the warehouse body.

6. The comprehensive grain impurity removal, drying and storage system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The dry storage mode switching system comprises a plurality of baffles (11) arranged in parallel with each other, the upper and lower ends of the baffles (11) being rotatably connected to the outer wall of the bin body (1), the plurality of baffles (11) being commonly connected to a transmission belt (12), the transmission belt (12) driving the baffles (11) to rotate, adjacent baffles (11) abutting against or separating from each other, thereby realizing the switching of the bin body (1) between the storage bin and the drying bin.

7. The comprehensive grain impurity removal, drying and storage system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The elevator (4) comprises a frame, and a chain conveying mechanism is respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the frame, and each chain conveying mechanism comprises a conveying chain (14) and a driving sprocket (15). Along the transmission direction of the conveying chain (14), a plurality of lifting buckets (13) are arranged between two conveying chains (14).

8. The comprehensive grain impurity removal, drying and storage system according to claim 7 is characterized in that: A support shaft (18) is provided between two adjacent chain units of the conveyor chain (14), and two support shafts (18) located opposite to each other on the two conveyor chains (14) jointly support a lifting bucket (13).

9. The comprehensive grain impurity removal, drying and storage system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The driving sprocket wheels (15) in the two chain conveying mechanisms are coaxially arranged.

10. A method for removing impurities and drying grains using the comprehensive grain impurity removal, drying and storage system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: placing food on a conveyor belt (5); Step 2: The grain is transported to the elevator (4) via the conveyor belt (5) and is lifted to the top by the elevator (4); Step 3: The elevator (4) transports the grain to the feed inlet at the top of the bin (1); Step 4: while the elevator is feeding the material to the feed port, the first fan (3) and the vibration plate (6) are started, the vibration plate (6) shakes the grain, and the lighter impurities are blown out of the bin body (1) by the first fan (3), while the heavier grain enters the bin body (1) along the left end of the vibration plate (6); Step 5: The grain slowly descends in the silo (1) due to the resistance of the slow-descent system, and the second fan (2) is started to blow away the moisture, and finally falls onto the conveyor belt (5) below the silo; Step 6. Repeat steps 2 to 5.

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