Thermal desorption device for organic matter contaminated soil

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of soil thermal desorption, and discloses an organic matter contaminated soil thermal desorption device which comprises a first storage tank used for storing soil and calcium oxide and a second storage tank used for storing pulverized coal. Pollutants can be effectively absorbed and fixed, and the problem that the pollutants are easy to release again in the treatment process is avoided, so that the treatment efficiency and safety are improved; the mixer is respectively communicated with the discharge port of the first storage tank and the discharge port of the second storage tank, the first storage tank can add soil and calcium oxide into the mixer, and the second storage tank can add pulverized coal into the mixer; the heat carrier heater is used for adding a heat carrier into the mixer through a pipeline, the heat carrier of the heat carrier heater can adopt activated aluminum oxide ceramic balls and coke, and the mixer is used for fully mixing soil, calcium oxide, pulverized coal, the activated aluminum oxide ceramic balls and the coke in the mixer, so that the soil is uniformly distributed; the problem of non-uniform heat transfer in thermal desorption treatment is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil thermal desorption, and more particularly to a thermal desorption device for soil contaminated by organic matter. Background Art

[0002] Industries such as petrochemicals, coking, and pesticides that involve organic solvents such as arsenic, benzene, and halogenated hydrocarbons will have their raw materials and products flow into water bodies and soil. During on-site reclamation or development and construction, the pollutants must be reduced to within the limit before such land can be used, which requires the use of thermal desorption equipment.

[0003] A patent application with publication number CN206731797U discloses a thermal desorption device for organically contaminated soil, comprising a pretreatment device with a feed port, a thermal desorption device with a discharge port, and an exhaust gas treatment device arranged in sequence. The pretreatment device is provided with a pretreatment chamber connected to the feed port, and at least two parallel cutting plates are provided in the pretreatment chamber below the discharge port and are slidably connected to the inner wall of the pretreatment chamber. The cutting plate includes a cutting frame and a plurality of cutting blocks arranged in parallel in the cutting frame. All cutting plates are connected to a driving member that drives the cutting plate to reciprocate. There is an angle between the cutting block and the movement direction of the cutting plate, and the movement trajectory of the cutting plate is parallel to the plane where the cutting plate is located.

[0004] However, existing technologies struggle to effectively absorb and immobilize pollutants, making them easily released during the treatment process, reducing treatment efficiency and safety. Furthermore, uneven soil distribution leads to uneven heat transfer during thermal desorption, resulting in suboptimal treatment results.

[0005] To this end, the present invention provides a thermal desorption device for organic matter-contaminated soil. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a thermal desorption device for organic contaminated soil, which solves the technical problem in the related art that due to large or unevenly distributed soil particles, heat transfer in thermal desorption treatment is uneven, resulting in unsatisfactory treatment effect.

[0007] The present invention provides a thermal desorption device for organic matter-contaminated soil, comprising a first storage tank for storing soil and calcium oxide. In an initial state, stones, plastics and other debris in the contaminated soil are first sorted out, and the soil lumps are crushed to less than 1 mm. The purpose is to crush the soil into small particles, which can increase the surface area of ​​contact between subsequent reactants and the soil and improve the efficiency of subsequent reactions. Then, 0-1 mm calcium oxide or calcium carbonate is mixed into the soil in proportion. The purpose is to allow the calcium oxide or calcium carbonate to generate corresponding compounds with chlorine and arsenic, reduce the gaseous chlorine and arsenic content in the soil, effectively absorb and fix pollutants, and avoid the problem of pollutants being easily released again during the treatment process, thereby improving the treatment efficiency and safety. Then, the mixture of calcium oxide and soil is stored in the first storage tank; a second storage tank is used to store coal powder. A storage tank; a mixer connected to a first storage tank discharge port and a second storage tank discharge port respectively through pipelines, wherein the first storage tank discharge port and the second storage tank discharge port are both connected to a mixer feed port, wherein the first storage tank can add soil and calcium oxide to the mixer, and the second storage tank can add pulverized coal to the mixer; a heat carrier heater for adding heat carrier to the mixer through the pipeline, wherein the heat carrier of the heat carrier heater can be activated alumina ceramic balls and coke, and the mixer is used to fully mix the soil, calcium oxide, pulverized coal, activated alumina ceramic balls and coke therein so that the soil is evenly distributed, thereby solving the problem of uneven heat transfer in thermal desorption treatment; a first riser connected to the mixer, wherein the mixer discharge port is connected to the feed port of the first riser through a pipeline;The gasifier is connected to the first riser, and the first riser is used to transfer the mixture in the mixer to the gasifier. The first riser can adopt a spiral elevator. The discharge port of the first riser is connected to the feed port of the gasifier through a pipeline. The gasifier can adopt a staged gasifier. The staged gasifier is divided into three chambers from top to bottom, namely a drying chamber, a retorting chamber and a cooling chamber. By setting up the staged gasifier, the pulverized coal is gasified in the retorting chamber of the staged gasifier, and the organic matter on the soil absorbs heat, gasifies and precipitates and reacts with oxygen, wherein the pollution components such as arsenic and chlorine react with calcium oxide to generate corresponding The soil temperature in the gasifier rises to above the boiling point of toluene, chlorobenzene, etc., and escapes from the soil surface and is oxidized into water and carbon dioxide. The generated acidic gases such as HCl and arsenic trioxide react with calcium oxide to generate corresponding calcium salts, which reduce the impact of harmful components such as chlorine on the catalyst. The generated water is absorbed by calcium chloride, which can reduce the corrosion of chlorine on equipment and pipelines. The gasifier outlet is equipped with a gas-solid separation device and a pulse blowing device. The gas-solid separation device can use a gas settling chamber, which is used to remove larger solid particles in the gas. Its working principle is to use gravity sedimentation. By decelerating the air flow, solid particles are allowed to settle to the bottom of the settling chamber in the air flow, and semi-coke, activated alumina and crude coal gas can be separated. A pulse blowing device is used to generate short and strong pulses through compressed air, which can effectively peel off fine powders and remove fine powders on the surface of semi-coke and activated alumina, thereby increasing the active sites of semi-coke and activated alumina. The crude coal gas can be discharged into the heat carrier heater through a pipeline, and the crude coal gas exchanges heat with the heat carrier in the heat carrier heater, transferring the heat energy in the gas to the heat carrier, thereby realizing the effective recovery and utilization of heat energy. The gasification furnace The upper portion of the gasifier is provided with an exhaust port connecting a pipe for discharging the raw coal gas produced by the gasifier into the heat carrier heater. The lower portion of the gasifier is provided with a discharge port. A second riser, which connects the gasifier discharge port and the heat carrier heater feed port via a pipe, can be a screw elevator. The second riser is used to transfer the semi-coke and activated alumina discharged from the gasifier to the heat carrier heater. The semi-coke discharged from the gasifier is generated during the pulverized coal gasification process and can be recycled to the heat carrier heater as a heat carrier, saving resources and also used to absorb pollutants such as sulfur dioxide.

[0008] Preferably, the mixer includes a mounting plate with a conveying motor fixedly mounted on its side. The conveying motor is bolted to the mounting plate, ensuring stability and robustness during operation and facilitating disassembly and maintenance. A spiral conveying rod is mounted on the output end of the conveying motor, connected to the conveying motor via a coupling. The coupling effectively reduces vibration, ensuring smooth rotation and transmission efficiency of the spiral conveying rod. Heating tubes are fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the furnace body, arranged equidistantly on the inner wall of the furnace body. The heating tubes are secured to the inner wall of the furnace body by welding or flange connections. This connection ensures stable operation of the heating tubes even at high temperatures and facilitates maintenance and replacement. A channel is provided on the side of the partition, adapted for the size of the spiral conveying rod, through which the spiral conveying rod evenly transports the mixture to the other side of the furnace body. The furnace body is fixedly mounted on the side of the mounting plate. A heat pipe for connecting to the discharge port of the heat carrier heater is connected to the top surface of the furnace body. The heat pipe is secured by a threaded or flanged connection, ensuring smooth exhaust and a good seal. The bottom of the furnace body is connected to a discharge hopper, which connects to the feed port of the first riser. The discharge hopper is welded to the furnace body to ensure structural strength and sealing, suitable for high-temperature operating environments. The top of the furnace body is connected to a feed box, and its top is connected to a soil inlet pipe and a pulverized coal inlet pipe. The soil inlet pipe connects to the first storage tank, and the pulverized coal inlet pipe connects to the second storage tank. The soil inlet pipe and the pulverized coal inlet pipe are secured with threaded connections for easy installation and removal, ensuring smooth material feeding. A motor is fixed to the top of the feed box and is fixed to the feed box via a flange. This flange connection provides high stability and precision, suitable for long-term operation of the motor. A rotating shaft is mounted on the output end of the motor and connected to the motor via a coupling. The coupling absorbs some vibration, protecting the life of the motor and shaft. A stirring blade is fixed to the surface of the rotating shaft. The stirring blade is made of high-temperature and wear-resistant stainless steel, which has high strength and durability, ensuring it will not be damaged during the stirring process. The rotation of the stirring blades thoroughly mixes the soil and pulverized coal. The pulverized coal acts as an adsorbent, effectively absorbing organic pollutants in the soil and enhancing pollutant removal. A crushing bucket is fixed to the inner wall of the furnace body. It is bolted or snap-fitted to the furnace body, making it easy to disassemble and clean, ensuring smooth flow of the mixture into the bucket.

[0009] Preferably, a cutter is fixedly installed on the surface of the rotating shaft near the bottom end, and the cutter is fixed to the rotating shaft by a thread, which is convenient for disassembly and replacement of the cutter. The cutters are arranged in a circular shape on the surface of the rotating shaft, which can efficiently break up the mixture and break it into small particles. Such a design can increase the surface area of ​​the mixture and further improve the thermal desorption effect. Filter holes are provided on the bottom surface of the crushing barrel, and the filter holes are evenly distributed on the bottom surface of the crushing barrel. The material of the filter holes can be stainless steel or wear-resistant cast iron to ensure long-term use without wear in high temperature and friction environments. A partition is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the furnace body, and the partition is fixed to the inner wall of the furnace body by welding. The presence of the partition helps to guide the flow of materials and optimize the heat conduction effect.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom surface of the crushing barrel is provided with a dredging mechanism, which includes a cylinder, which is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the crushing barrel and fixed by welding to ensure durability in high temperature environments. A sliding rod is provided through the bottom end of the cylinder, which is slidably connected to the cylinder. The sliding rod adopts a bearing sliding method to ensure smooth sliding and low wear, thereby extending the service life. A bottom block is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the sliding rod, and a vertical pole is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the bottom block. The material of the vertical pole can be selected from high-temperature resistant materials, such as stainless steel, to ensure stability and durability in long-term use. An insert is fixedly mounted on the top of the vertical pole. The insert is adapted to the size of the filter hole. When the filter hole is clogged, the insert can be inserted into the filter hole for dredging by pushing the bottom block upwards. The dredging process does not require disassembly of the equipment. The operation is simple and effective, avoiding a complicated maintenance process.

[0011] Preferably, the inner wall of the discharge hopper is provided with an opening and closing mechanism, which includes a short rod that extends through the inner wall of the discharge hopper and is connected to the discharge hopper via a guide chute to ensure smooth movement of the short rod. A closing plate is fixedly mounted on one end of the short rod, which is connected to the short rod via a hinge. The hinge connection provides a smooth opening and closing action, ensuring that the closing plate can rotate flexibly. A short block is fixedly mounted on the other end of the short rod, and a plug rod is provided through the side of the short block. The plug rod is slidably connected to the short block via a sliding bearing, ensuring smooth and precise movement of the plug rod. A pull block is fixedly mounted on one end of the plug rod, and a tension spring is mounted on the surface of the pull block. The tension spring is made of spring steel, has high elasticity and durability, and ensures the stability of the tension spring during long-term use. One end of the tension spring is fixedly connected to the pull block, and the other end is fixedly connected to the short block, ensuring that when the pull block is pulled, the tension spring can generate sufficient return force. There are sockets A and B on the side of the discharge hopper. When the pull block is pulled, the insertion rod can be withdrawn from the socket A, and then the closing plate can be rotated 90 degrees around the hinge to open the discharge hopper for discharge operation. After releasing the pull block, the tension spring automatically pulls the insertion rod back to the socket B, and the closing plate is re-locked. The operation is convenient and safe, avoiding complicated manual operation.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: soil clods are crushed to less than 1 mm, with the purpose of crushing the soil into small particles, which can increase the surface area of ​​contact between subsequent reactants and the soil and improve the efficiency of subsequent reactions; and 0-1 mm calcium oxide or calcium carbonate is then proportionally added to the soil, with the purpose of allowing the calcium oxide or calcium carbonate to react with chlorine and arsenic to generate corresponding compounds, thereby reducing the gaseous chlorine and arsenic content in the soil, effectively absorbing and fixing pollutants, and avoiding the problem of pollutants being easily released again during the treatment process, thereby improving treatment efficiency and safety.

[0013] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the mixer is used to fully mix the soil, calcium oxide, coal powder, activated alumina ceramic balls and coke therein, so that the soil is evenly distributed, solving the problem of uneven heat transfer in thermal desorption treatment.

[0014] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the raw coal gas can be discharged into the heat carrier heater through a pipeline, and the raw coal gas exchanges heat with the heat carrier in the heat carrier heater, transferring the heat energy in the gas to the heat carrier, thereby realizing effective recovery and utilization of heat energy.

[0015] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the soil and coal powder can be fully mixed through the rotation of the stirring blades, and the coal powder as an adsorbent can effectively adsorb organic pollutants in the soil, thereby enhancing the removal rate of pollutants.

[0016] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the cutters are arranged in a circular shape on the surface of the rotating shaft, which can effectively break up the mixture into small particles. Such a design can increase the surface area of ​​the mixture and further improve the thermal desorption effect.

[0017] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that when the treated soil needs to be discharged, it is only necessary to pull the pull block outward, and the pull block can then drive the insertion rod to leave the socket A, and then the closing plate can be rotated ninety degrees. At this time, the discharge hopper is opened, and then the pull block is released. Then, due to the tension of the tension spring, the tension spring pulls the pull block to move, and the pull block can then drive the insertion rod to be inserted into the socket B. At this time, the closing plate can be limited. When the closing plate needs to be closed, the above operation is repeated to allow the insertion rod to be inserted into the socket A to close the closing plate. The present invention controls the opening and closing of the discharge hopper by simply pulling the pull block. This mechanism greatly simplifies the operation process, making it easier for operators to master and perform the discharge operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 1 is a schematic diagram of the processing flow of the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a perspective view of a mixer according to the present invention; Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a mixer according to the present invention; Figure 4is a cross-sectional view from a bottom view of the mixer of the present invention; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of the middle part; Figure 6 is a bottom view of the mixer of the present invention; Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0019] In the figure: 100, first storage tank; 200, second storage tank; 300, mixer; 400, heat carrier heater; 500, first riser; 600, gasifier; 700, second riser; 1, mounting plate; 2, furnace body; 3, discharge hopper; 4, feed box; 5, soil inlet pipe; 6, pulverized coal inlet pipe; 7, motor; 8, rotating shaft; 9, stirring blade; 10, crushing barrel; 11, cutter; 12, filter hole; 13, partition; 14, conveying motor; 15, screw conveying rod; 16, heating pipe; 17, heat pipe; 18, cylinder; 19, slide rod; 20, bottom block; 21, vertical pole; 22, plug block; 23, channel; 24, short rod; 25, closing plate; 26, short block; 27, plug rod; 28, pull block; 29, tension spring; 30, socket A; 31, socket B. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The subject matter described herein will now be discussed with reference to exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are discussed solely to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the subject matter described herein, and that the functions and arrangements of the elements discussed may be varied without departing from the scope of this specification. Various examples may omit, substitute, or add various processes or components as needed. In addition, features described with respect to some examples may also be combined in other examples.

[0021] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the thermal desorption device for organic contaminated soil according to the embodiment of the present invention is specifically referred to Figure 1, including a first storage tank 100 for storing soil and calcium oxide. In the initial state, stones, plastics and other debris in the contaminated soil are first sorted out, and the soil blocks are crushed to less than 1 mm. The purpose is to crush the soil into small particles, which can increase the surface area of ​​contact between subsequent reactants and soil and improve the efficiency of subsequent reactions. Then, 0-1 mm calcium oxide or calcium carbonate is mixed into the soil in proportion. The purpose is to allow calcium oxide or calcium carbonate to generate corresponding compounds with chlorine and arsenic, reduce the gaseous chlorine and arsenic content in the soil, effectively absorb and fix pollutants, and avoid the problem of pollutants being easily released again during the treatment process, thereby improving the treatment efficiency and safety. The mixture of calcium oxide and soil is then stored in the first storage tank 100; a second storage tank 200 for storing coal powder; and a second storage tank 200 connected to the discharge port of the first storage tank 100 and the discharge port of the second storage tank 200 through pipelines. The mixer 300 has a material inlet, and the material outlet of the first storage tank 100 and the material outlet of the second storage tank 200 are both connected to the material inlet of the mixer 300. The first storage tank 100 can add soil and calcium oxide into the mixer 300, and the second storage tank 200 can add pulverized coal into the mixer 300. A heat carrier heater 400 is used to add heat carrier to the mixer 300 through a pipeline. The heat carrier of the heat carrier heater 400 can use activated alumina ceramic balls and coke. The mixer 300 is used to fully mix the soil, calcium oxide, pulverized coal, activated alumina ceramic balls and coke therein so that the soil is evenly distributed, solving the problem of uneven heat transfer in the thermal desorption process. A first riser 500 is connected to the mixer 300, and the material outlet of the mixer 300 is connected to the material inlet of the first riser 500 through a pipeline.The gasifier 600 is connected to the first riser 500. The first riser 500 is used to transfer the mixture in the mixer 300 to the gasifier 600. The first riser 500 can be a spiral elevator. The discharge port of the first riser 500 is connected to the feed port of the gasifier 600 through a pipeline. The gasifier 600 can be a staged gasifier. The staged gasifier is divided into three chambers from top to bottom, namely a drying chamber, a retorting chamber and a cooling chamber. By setting up the staged gasifier, the pulverized coal is gasified in the retorting chamber of the staged gasifier, and the organic matter on the soil absorbs heat, gasifies and precipitates and reacts with oxygen, wherein the pollutants such as arsenic and chlorine react with oxygen. The calcium chloride reaction generates corresponding oxides. The soil temperature in the gasifier 600 rises to above the boiling point of toluene, chlorobenzene, etc., and escapes from the soil surface and is oxidized into water and carbon dioxide. The generated acidic gases such as HCl and arsenic trioxide react with calcium oxide to generate corresponding calcium salts, which reduce the impact of harmful components such as chlorine on the catalyst. The generated water is absorbed by calcium chloride, which can reduce the corrosion of chlorine on equipment and pipelines. The outlet of the gasifier 600 is equipped with a gas-solid separation device and a pulse blowing device. The gas-solid separation device can use a gas settling chamber. The gas settling chamber is used to remove larger solid particles in the gas. Its working principle is to use gravity sedimentation to slow down the air flow. , so that the solid particles settle to the bottom of the settling chamber in the air flow, which can separate the semi-coke, activated alumina and crude coal gas. The pulse blowing device is used to generate short and strong pulses through compressed air, which can effectively peel off the fine powder and remove the fine powder on the surface of semi-coke and activated alumina, and can increase the active sites of semi-coke and activated alumina. Among them, the crude coal gas can be discharged into the heat carrier heater 400 through a pipeline. The crude coal gas exchanges heat with the heat carrier in the heat carrier heater 400, and the heat energy in the gas is transferred to the heat carrier, thereby realizing the effective recovery and utilization of heat energy. The upper part of the gasifier 600 is provided with an exhaust port connecting the pipeline for gasifying The crude coal gas produced by the gasifier 600 is discharged into the heat carrier heater 400. The gasifier 600 is provided with a discharge port at its lower portion. A second riser 700, which can be a screw elevator, connects the discharge port of the gasifier 600 to the feed port of the heat carrier heater 400 via a pipeline. The second riser 700 is used to transport the semi-coke and activated alumina discharged from the gasifier 600 to the heat carrier heater 400. The semi-coke discharged from the gasifier 600 is generated during the pulverized coal gasification process and can be recycled back into the heat carrier heater 400 as a heat carrier, saving resources and also absorbing pollutants such as sulfur dioxide.

[0022] like Figures 2 to 7As shown in Comparative Example 2, another embodiment of the present invention is as follows: the mixer 300 includes a mounting plate 1, on the side of which a conveying motor 14 is fixedly mounted. The conveying motor 14 is connected to the mounting plate 1 by bolts, ensuring the stability and firmness of the conveying motor 14 during operation. At the same time, this connection method facilitates disassembly and maintenance. A spiral conveying rod 15 is installed at the output end of the conveying motor 14. The spiral conveying rod 15 is connected to the conveying motor 14 via a coupling. The coupling can effectively reduce vibration and ensure the smooth rotation and transmission efficiency of the spiral conveying rod 15. The inner wall of the furnace body 2 is fixedly mounted with heating tubes 16. The heating tubes 16 are arranged at equal distances on the inner wall of the furnace body 2. The heating tubes 16 are fixed to the inner wall of the furnace body 2 by welding or flange connection. This connection method ensures that the heating tubes 16 can still operate stably at high temperatures and is easy to maintain and replace. A channel 23 is opened on the side of the partition 13, which is sized appropriately for the spiral conveying rod 15. The spiral conveying rod 15 can evenly convey the mixture to the other side of the furnace body 2 through the channel 23. The furnace body 2 is fixedly mounted on the side of the mounting plate 1. The top surface of the furnace body 2 is connected to a heat pipe 17 for connecting to the discharge port of the heat carrier heater. The heat pipe 17 for connecting to the heat carrier heater 400 is fixed by a threaded or flanged connection method to ensure that the exhaust gas can be discharged smoothly and the sealing is good. The bottom surface of the furnace body 2 is connected to a discharge hopper 3, which is used to connect to the feed port of the first lifting pipe 500. The discharge hopper 3 is connected to the furnace body 2 by welding to ensure the strength and sealing of the structure to adapt to high-temperature working environments. The top surface of the furnace body 2 is connected to a feed box 4. The top of the feed box 4 is connected to a soil inlet pipe 5 and a coal powder inlet pipe 6. The soil inlet pipe 5 is used to connect to the first storage tank 100, and the coal powder inlet pipe 6 is used to connect to the second storage tank 200. The soil inlet pipe 5 and the coal powder inlet pipe 6 are fixed by a threaded connection method to facilitate installation and disassembly, ensuring smooth feeding of materials. A motor 7 is fixedly mounted on the top of the feed box 4. The motor 7 is fixedly connected to the feed box 4 via a flange. The flange connection method can provide high stability and precision, and is suitable for long-term operation of the motor 7. A rotating shaft 8 is mounted on the output end of the motor 7. The rotating shaft 8 is connected to the motor 7 via a coupling. The coupling can absorb some vibrations and protect the service life of the motor 7 and the rotating shaft 8. A stirring blade 9 is fixedly mounted on the surface of the rotating shaft 8. The material of the stirring blade 9 can be selected from high-temperature resistant and wear-resistant stainless steel, which has high strength and durability, ensuring that it will not be damaged during the stirring process. Through the rotation of the stirring blade 9, the soil and coal powder can be fully mixed. The coal powder can effectively absorb organic pollutants in the soil as an adsorbent, thereby enhancing the removal rate of pollutants. A crushing barrel 10 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the furnace body 2. The crushing barrel 10 is fixed to the furnace body 2 by bolt connection or snap connection, which is convenient for disassembly and cleaning, ensuring that the mixture enters the crushing barrel 10 smoothly.

[0023] like Figures 3 to 5As shown, a cutter 11 is fixedly installed on the surface of the rotating shaft 8 near the bottom position. The cutter 11 is fixed to the rotating shaft 8 by a thread, which facilitates the removal and replacement of the cutter 11. The cutter 11 is arranged in a circular shape on the surface of the rotating shaft 8, which can efficiently break up the mixture and break it into small particles. This design can increase the surface area of ​​the mixture and further improve the thermal desorption effect. The bottom surface of the crushing barrel 10 is provided with filter holes 12. The filter holes 12 are evenly distributed on the bottom surface of the crushing barrel 10. The material of the filter holes 12 can be stainless steel or wear-resistant cast iron to ensure long-term use in high temperature and friction environments without wear. The inner wall of the furnace body 2 is fixed with a partition 13. The partition 13 is fixed to the inner wall of the furnace body 2 by welding. The presence of the partition 13 helps to guide the flow of materials and optimize the heat conduction effect.

[0024] like Figures 4 and 5 As shown, the bottom surface of the crushing barrel 10 is provided with a dredging mechanism. This dredging mechanism includes a cylinder 18, which is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the crushing barrel 10 and secured by welding to ensure durability in high-temperature environments. A slide rod 19 is provided through the bottom end of the cylinder 18 and is slidably connected to the cylinder 18. Slide rod 19 utilizes a bearing-type sliding mechanism to ensure smooth sliding and minimal wear, extending service life. A bottom block 20 is fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the slide rod 19, and a vertical rod 21 is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the bottom block 20. Vertical rod 21 can be made of a high-temperature resistant material, such as stainless steel, to ensure long-term stability and durability. An insert 22 is fixedly mounted at the top end of the vertical rod 21. Insert 22 is adapted to the size of the filter pores 12. When the filter pores 12 become clogged, pushing the bottom block 20 upwards forces insert 22 into the filter pores 12 to dredge the block. This dredging process does not require disassembly of the equipment, making it simple and effective, avoiding complex maintenance procedures.

[0025] like Figures 6 and 7As shown, the inner wall of the discharge hopper 3 is provided with an opening and closing mechanism, which includes a short rod 24. The short rod 24 is provided through the inner wall of the discharge hopper 3 and is connected to the discharge hopper 3 by a guide chute, ensuring the smooth movement of the short rod 24. A closing plate 25 is fixedly mounted on one end of the short rod 24. The closing plate 25 is connected to the short rod 24 via a hinge. The hinge connection method can provide a smooth opening and closing action and ensure that the closing plate 25 can rotate flexibly. A short block 26 is fixedly mounted on the other end of the short rod 24. A plug rod 27 is provided through the side of the short block 26. The plug rod 27 is slidably connected to the short block 26 via a sliding bearing, ensuring smooth and high-precision movement of the plug rod 27. A pull block 28 is fixedly mounted on one end of the plug rod 27. The surface of the pull block 28 is covered with a tension spring 29. The tension spring 29 is made of spring steel material with high elasticity and durability, ensuring the stability of the tension spring 29 during long-term use. One end of the tension spring 29 is fixedly connected to the pull block 28, and the other end is fixedly connected to the short block 26, ensuring that when the pull block 28 is pulled, the tension spring 29 can generate sufficient pullback force. The side of the discharge hopper 3 is provided with a socket A30 and a socket B31. When the pull block 28 is pulled, the insertion rod 27 can be withdrawn from the socket A30, and the closing plate 25 can then be rotated 90 degrees about the hinge, opening the discharge hopper 3 for discharge operation. When the pull block 28 is released, the tension spring 29 automatically pulls the insertion rod 27 back into the socket B31, and the closing plate 25 is relocked. This operation is convenient and safe, avoiding complicated manual operation.

[0026] Specifically, the soil is introduced through the soil inlet pipe 5, and at the same time, the stones, plastics and other debris in the soil are pre-sorted, and the soil lumps in the soil are crushed to less than 1 mm. Then, 0-1 mm calcium oxide or calcium carbonate is proportionally added to the crushed soil to generate corresponding compounds with chlorine and arsenic, thereby reducing the gaseous chlorine and arsenic content. Then, the coal powder is introduced through the coal powder inlet pipe 6, and then the motor 7 drives the shaft 8 to rotate. The shaft 8 can then drive the stirring blade 9 to stir and mix the coal powder and the soil. The coal powder can absorb the pollutants, and then the mixed mixture falls into the crushing barrel 10. At this time, when the shaft 8 rotates, it can drive the cutter 11 to rotate, and the cutter 11 can break the mixture. At this time, the mixture can be broken into small particles, thereby increasing the surface area of ​​the particles, and then Improve the thermal desorption effect. After being crushed, it falls into the furnace body 2 through the filter hole 12, and is then heated by the heating tube 16. Then, the conveying motor 14 drives the screw conveying rod 15 to rotate. At this time, the screw conveying rod 15 can convey the mixture to the other side of the furnace body 2 through the channel 23. The present invention mixes the coal powder with the contaminated soil. The coal powder can be used as an adsorbent to absorb organic pollutants in the soil, which can effectively improve the removal rate of pollutants. Because the coal powder has high surface activity and adsorption capacity, the coal powder and the soil are mixed evenly by the stirring blade 9, and then the mixture is broken into small particles by the cutter 11. When the filter hole 12 is blocked, the staff only needs to push the bottom block 20 upwards when disassembling the furnace body 2 for maintenance. The bottom block 20 then drives the slide The rod 19 slides in the cylinder 18, and at the same time the bottom block 20 drives the vertical rod 21 to move upward, and the vertical rod 21 can then drive the insert block 22 to be inserted into the filter hole 12, at which time the filter hole 12 can be dredged. When the bottom block 20 is released, due to the effect of gravity, the bottom block 20 naturally moves downward to reset. In the present invention, when the filter hole 12 is blocked, the filter hole 12 can be directly dredged by simply pushing the bottom block 20 upward, avoiding complicated disassembly steps, making maintenance faster and more direct. At the same time, when dredging, the operator does not need to use additional tools or equipment for maintenance, which reduces maintenance costs and reduces the complexity of operation. It allows the operator to respond quickly and deal with it immediately as soon as the filter hole 12 is found to be blocked, which helps to prevent the equipment from being blocked. The bottom block 20 can be reset by natural downward movement due to gravity after being released, which means that the entire dredging process can automatically complete the start and end operations without additional manual intervention, thereby improving the convenience and safety of operation. When the treated soil needs to be discharged, it is only necessary to pull the pull block 28 outward, and the pull block 28 can then drive the insertion rod 27 to leave the socket A30, and then the closing plate 25 can be rotated ninety degrees. At this time, the discharge hopper 3 is opened, and then the pull block 28 is released. Subsequently, due to the tension of the tension spring 29, the tension spring 29 pulls the pull block 28 to move, and the pull block 28 can then drive the insertion rod 27 to insert into the socket B31, at this time, the closing plate 25 can be limited. When the closing plate 25 needs to be closed,Repeating the above steps to insert the rod 27 into the socket A30 closes the closing plate 25. The present invention controls the opening and closing of the discharge hopper 3 by simply pulling the pull block 28. This mechanism greatly simplifies the operating process, making it easier for operators to master and perform the discharge operation. The tension spring 29 in the design automatically pulls back the pull block 28, allowing the rod 27 to be repositioned to the socket B31, simplifying the operation and reducing the operator's labor intensity. The user does not need to manually reposition the components, thereby enhancing the convenience of use and the safety of the equipment. The rotation and positioning of the closing plate 25 is achieved through the physical combination of the rod 27 and the socket. This mechanical locking method is more reliable than electronic or pneumatic control, especially in high-temperature or harsh working environments, reducing the equipment failure rate.

[0027] The above describes the embodiments of this embodiment, but this embodiment is not limited to the above specific implementation methods. The above specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms based on the inspiration of this embodiment, all of which are protected by this embodiment.

Claims

1. A thermal desorption device for organic contaminated soil, characterized in that: include A first storage tank (100) for storing soil and calcium oxide; A second storage tank (200) for storing pulverized coal; a mixer (300) connected to a discharge port of a first storage tank (100) and a discharge port of a second storage tank (200), wherein the first storage tank (100) is used to add soil and calcium oxide into the mixer (300), and the second storage tank (200) is used to add coal powder into the mixer (300); A heat carrier heater (400) for adding heat carrier into the mixer (300); A first riser (500) connected to the mixer (300), wherein the outlet of the mixer (300) is connected to the inlet of the first riser (500); A gasifier (600) connected to a first riser (500), the first riser (500) being used to transfer the mixture in the mixer (300) into the gasifier (600), the discharge port of the first riser (500) being connected to the feed port of the gasifier (600), the upper portion of the gasifier (600) being provided with an exhaust port communicating pipeline for discharging the raw coal gas generated by the gasifier (600) into the heat carrier heater (400), the lower portion of the gasifier (600) being provided with a discharge port; and a second riser (700) being connected to the discharge port of the gasifier (600) and the feed port of the heat carrier heater (400), being used to transfer the semi-coke and activated alumina discharged from the gasifier (600) into the heat carrier heater (400).

2. The thermal desorption device for organic contaminated soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixer 300 comprises a mounting plate (1), a furnace body (2) is fixedly mounted on the side of the mounting plate (1), the bottom surface of the furnace body (2) is connected to a discharge hopper (3), the discharge hopper (3) is used to be connected to the feed port of the first lifting pipe (500), the top surface of the furnace body (2) is connected to a feed box (4), the top end of the feed box (4) is connected to a soil inlet pipe (5) and a coal powder inlet pipe (6), the soil inlet pipe (5) is used to be connected to the first storage tank (100), and the coal powder inlet pipe (6) is used to be connected to the second storage tank (200). ), a motor (7) is fixedly mounted on the top of the feed box (4), a rotating shaft (8) is mounted on the output end of the motor (7), a stirring blade (9) is fixedly mounted on the surface of the rotating shaft (8), a crushing barrel (10) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the furnace body (2), a cutter (11) is fixedly mounted on the surface of the rotating shaft (8) near the bottom end, a filter hole (12) is formed on the bottom surface of the crushing barrel (10), a partition (13) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the furnace body (2), and the cutters (11) are arranged in a circular shape on the surface of the rotating shaft (8).

3. The thermal desorption device for organic contaminated soil according to claim 2, characterized in that: The filter holes (12) are evenly distributed on the bottom surface of the crushing barrel (10).

4. The thermal desorption device for organic contaminated soil according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top surface of the furnace body (2) is connected to a heat pipe (17) for connecting to the discharge port of the heat carrier heater (400).

5. The thermal desorption device for organic contaminated soil according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the crushing barrel (10) is provided with a dredging mechanism, the dredging mechanism comprising a cylinder (18), the cylinder (18) being fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the crushing barrel (10), a sliding rod (19) penetrating the bottom end of the cylinder (18), a bottom block (20) being fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the sliding rod (19), a vertical rod (21) being fixedly mounted on the top surface of the bottom block (20), and an insert block (22) being fixedly mounted on the top end of the vertical rod (21).

6. The thermal desorption device for organic contaminated soil according to claim 5, characterized in that: The insert block (22) is adapted to the size of the filter hole (12), and the slide rod (19) is slidably connected to the cylinder (18).

7. The thermal desorption device for organic contaminated soil according to claim 2, characterized in that: A conveying motor (14) is fixedly mounted on the side of the mounting plate (1), a screw conveying rod (15) is mounted on the output end of the conveying motor (14), a heating tube (16) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the furnace body (2), the heating tubes (16) are arranged at equal distances on the inner wall of the furnace body (2), and a channel (23) of a size matching that of the screw conveying rod (15) is opened on the side of the partition plate (13).

8. The thermal desorption device for organic contaminated soil according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the discharge hopper (3) is provided with an opening and closing mechanism, and the opening and closing mechanism comprises a short rod (24), the short rod (24) is arranged through the inner wall of the discharge hopper (3), a closing plate (25) is fixedly mounted on one end of the short rod (24), a short block (26) is fixedly mounted on the other end of the short rod (24), an insertion rod (27) is arranged through the side of the short block (26), a pulling block (28) is fixedly mounted on one end of the insertion rod (27), a tension spring (29) is sleeved on the surface of the insertion rod (27), and a plug hole A (30) and a plug hole B (31) are provided on the side of the discharge hopper (3).

9. The thermal desorption device for organic contaminated soil according to claim 8, characterized in that: The insertion rod (27) is slidably connected to the short block (26).

10. The thermal desorption device for organic contaminated soil according to claim 8, characterized in that: One end of the tension spring (29) is fixedly connected to the pull block (28), and the other end of the tension spring (29) is fixedly connected to the short block (26).

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