Extrusion molding method for high-precision multi-cavity aluminum material

Abstract

The invention discloses an extrusion molding method of a high-precision multi-cavity aluminum product, and relates to the technical field of extrusion molding methods of aluminum products, the extrusion molding method of the aluminum product comprises the following steps: 1, casting an aluminum ingot to form an aluminum bar, heating the aluminum bar to 500 DEG C to ensure that the aluminum bar has good plasticity, and heating a mold to a proper temperature to form a mold; the heating temperature is close to the heating temperature of the aluminum bar, so that the aluminum material can uniformly flow in the mold, and a multi-cavity structure is formed; secondly, the aluminum bar is put into an extrusion device, the mold is fixed to a machine tool, the heated aluminum bar is fed into the extrusion device and extruded through the mold, and the problems that in the prior art, an aluminum material extrusion forming device is prone to causing mold damage, grain growth and surface cracks, pressure is increased due to friction during forward extrusion, energy consumption is increased, and the production cost is low are solved. And working procedures such as material loading and unloading need to be added, so that the production speed is low and the efficiency is not high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum extrusion molding methods, and in particular to a high-precision multi-cavity aluminum extrusion molding method. Background Art

[0002] ‌Multi-cavity aluminum profile‌ is an aluminum alloy profile with two or more cavities. This profile is made by extruding aluminum alloy materials to produce the same profile cavity as required. There are many ways to form aluminum profiles, and extrusion molding is one of them. It passes the molten aluminum into a fixed mold and extrudes it by applying pressure, which makes the sustainable production of aluminum profiles possible. For example, the Chinese authorized patent with announcement number CN212042055U (an aluminum extrusion molding machine): includes a support frame, one side of the upper part of the support frame is fixedly connected to a shock-absorbing support rod, the outside of the shock-absorbing support rod is fixedly connected to a spring, the upper part of the shock-absorbing support rod is fixedly connected to a device box, one side of the device box is fixedly connected to a motor, the upper part of one side of the device box is fixedly connected to a funnel, the middle part of the inside of the device box is fixedly connected to a threaded rod, and the inner part of the upper side of the device box is fixedly connected to an electric heater, which is arranged in the middle of the cooling box in the form of a thread through the middle of the water inlet and the water outlet, thereby increasing the contact surface with the middle of the cooling box and increasing the retention time of the water flow in the middle of the cooling box, so that the cooling effect is more sufficient, the water reaction time is more sufficient, and the practicality and resource-saving characteristics of the device are increased.

[0003] However, the aluminum extrusion molding device in the above-mentioned prior art is prone to mold damage, grain growth and surface cracks. During extrusion, the pressure increases due to friction, the energy consumption increases, and the material loading and unloading processes need to be added, resulting in low production speed and low efficiency. Therefore, it does not meet the existing needs. We propose a high-precision multi-cavity aluminum extrusion molding method. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a high-precision multi-cavity aluminum extrusion molding method to solve the problems that the aluminum extrusion molding device in the prior art proposed in the above background technology is prone to mold breakage, grain growth and surface cracks, and the pressure increases due to friction during extrusion, the energy consumption increases, and the material loading and unloading processes need to be added, resulting in low production speed and low efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high-precision multi-cavity aluminum material extrusion molding method, comprising the following steps: Step 1: The aluminum ingot is melted and cast into aluminum rods. The aluminum rods are heated to 500 degrees to ensure that they have good plasticity. This step is to enable the aluminum material to pass through the die smoothly in the subsequent extrusion process to form the required shape and size. At the same time, the mold also needs to be heated to an appropriate temperature, usually close to the temperature of the aluminum rod, to ensure that the aluminum material can flow evenly in the mold to form a multi-cavity structure; Step 2: Place the aluminum rod in the extrusion device and fix the die on the machine tool. This step is to ensure that the aluminum rod can be smoothly formed in the subsequent extrusion process. The heated aluminum rod is fed into the extrusion device and extruded through the die. In this process, the aluminum material is forced through the die under high pressure to form the required multi-cavity shape. Step 3: The extruded profile is pulled to the cutting device and automatically cut to the required length. This step helps save waste costs and improve production efficiency. Step 4: The cut profiles are sent to the cooling production line for cooling and straightening to ensure the accuracy of the size and shape of the profiles. Since the profiles extruded at high temperature are not hard enough, aging treatment is required to improve their hardness and mechanical properties.

[0006] Preferably, the smelting and casting device and the extrusion device in the above steps one and two include an aluminum rod smelting and casting assembly and an aluminum material extrusion assembly, the aluminum rod smelting and casting assembly is provided with a smelting and casting tank, the top of the smelting and casting tank is provided with a motor, both sides of the motor are provided with feeding ports, and the front end face of the smelting and casting tank is provided with a control box.

[0007] Preferably, a filter frame is provided at the bottom of the smelting pot, a filter plate is provided inside the filter frame, the filter plate is plug-connected to the inside of the filter frame, a handle groove is provided on the front end surface of the filter plate, and a filter screen is provided inside the filter plate.

[0008] Preferably, a forming bin is provided below the filter frame, and drivers are installed on both sides of the forming bin.

[0009] Preferably, a melting and casting mold is provided inside the molding bin, mold grooves are provided inside the melting and casting mold, and partition plates are provided between the mold grooves.

[0010] Preferably, a heating extrusion bin is provided on the aluminum extrusion assembly, a heating device is provided on the top of the heating extrusion bin, a control panel is provided on the front end face of the heating extrusion bin, and an extrusion die is installed on one end face of the heating extrusion bin.

[0011] Preferably, a support seat is provided at the bottom of the heating extrusion chamber, a rotating shaft is installed inside the support seat, and a traction component is provided on one side of the upper surface of the support seat.

[0012] Preferably, a heating rack is provided inside the heating extrusion bin, a placement groove is provided inside the heating rack, and a push plate is provided on one side inside the placement groove.

[0013] Preferably, the front and rear ends of the bottom of the traction component are both provided with a moving seat, the interior of the moving seat is provided with a moving groove, the interior of the moving groove is provided with a support frame, and the support frame is slidably connected to the interior of the moving groove.

[0014] Preferably, a cylinder is installed on the top of the support frame, a telescopic rod is arranged at the bottom of the support frame, a limiting frame is arranged at the bottom of the telescopic rod, and a limiting groove is arranged inside the limiting frame.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention arranges a filter frame at the bottom of a melting and casting tank, and arranges a filter plate and a filter screen inside the filter frame, puts raw materials into the melting and casting tank, mixes and heats to the melting point, and controls the temperature and time of the melting and casting tank at the same time to ensure that the raw materials are fully melted and mixed. After smelting, the molten aluminum alloy passes through the filter frame into a forming mold inside a forming bin for pouring. This process requires controlling the pouring speed and temperature to ensure that the aluminum alloy fully fills the mold and avoids the generation of pores and defects. After pouring, the aluminum alloy begins to cool. This process requires controlling the cooling time and speed according to the size and requirements of the product. After cooling, the aluminum rod is gradually solidified to form a desired shape and structure. The purity of the aluminum rod is ensured during its production to avoid the incorporation of impurities. This solves the problems of mold breakage, grain growth and surface cracks easily caused by the extrusion molding device of aluminum materials in the prior art, increased pressure and energy consumption due to friction during positive extrusion, and the need to increase material loading and unloading processes, resulting in low production speed and low efficiency.

[0016] 2. By setting a heating rack inside the extrusion heating chamber, the aluminum rod is placed on the heating rack and heated to 500 degrees to ensure that it has good plasticity. This step is to enable the aluminum material to pass through the die smoothly in the subsequent extrusion process to form the required shape and size. At the same time, the mold also needs to be heated to an appropriate temperature, usually close to the temperature at which the aluminum rod is heated, to ensure that the aluminum material can flow evenly in the mold to form a multi-cavity structure. During extrusion, the push plate on one side of the slot is moved together.

[0017] 3. By setting a traction component on the top of the upper surface of the support seat, one end of the extrusion is pulled through the limit frame and the limit groove, which can ensure that the aluminum profile maintains a stable shape and size during the extrusion process, avoiding product quality problems caused by unstable factors in the extrusion process. The aluminum profile may experience mold expansion during the extrusion process, that is, the size of the material changes after leaving the mold. The traction device can effectively control this size change through appropriate traction force to ensure the dimensional accuracy of the final product. At the same time, it can make the aluminum profile have a certain orientation in the axial direction. This orientation helps to improve the axial strength and stiffness of the aluminum profile, thereby improving the overall performance of the material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the aluminum rod melting and casting assembly of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the aluminum extrusion assembly of the present invention; Figure 3 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of the local structure inside the molding bin of the present invention; Figure 4 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of the aluminum plate structure of the present invention; Figure 5 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of the heating rack structure of the present invention; Figure 6 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of the traction assembly structure of the present invention; In the figure: 1. Aluminum rod melting and casting assembly; 2. Aluminum extrusion assembly; 3. Melting and casting tank; 4. Motor; 5. Feeding port; 6. Control box; 7. Molding bin; 8. Driver; 9. Filter frame; 10. Filter plate; 11. Heating extrusion bin; 12. Heating device; 13. Control panel; 14. Support seat; 15. Rotating shaft; 16. Extrusion mold; 17. Traction assembly; 18. Melting and casting mold; 19. Mold slot; 20. Spacer; 21. Handle slot; 22. Filter; 23. Heating rack; 24. Placement slot; 25. Push plate; 26. Moving seat; 27. Moving slot; 28. Support frame; 29. ​​Cylinder; 30. Telescopic rod; 31. Limit rack; 32. Limit slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0020] See also Figure 1-6 The present invention provides an embodiment: a high-precision multi-cavity aluminum material extrusion molding method, comprising the following steps: Step 1: The aluminum ingot is melted and cast into aluminum rods. The aluminum rods are heated to 500 degrees to ensure that they have good plasticity. This step is to enable the aluminum material to pass through the die smoothly in the subsequent extrusion process to form the required shape and size. At the same time, the mold also needs to be heated to an appropriate temperature, usually close to the temperature of the aluminum rod, to ensure that the aluminum material can flow evenly in the mold to form a multi-cavity structure; Step 2: Place the aluminum rod in the extrusion device and fix the die on the machine tool. This step is to ensure that the aluminum rod can be smoothly formed in the subsequent extrusion process. The heated aluminum rod is fed into the extrusion device and extruded through the die. In this process, the aluminum material is forced through the die under high pressure to form the required multi-cavity shape. Step 3: The extruded profile is pulled to the cutting device and automatically cut to the required length. This step helps save waste costs and improve production efficiency. Step 4: The cut profiles are sent to the cooling production line for cooling and straightening to ensure the accuracy of the size and shape of the profiles. Since the profiles extruded at high temperature are not hard enough, they need to be aged to improve their hardness and mechanical properties. A filter frame 9 is set at the bottom of the melting pot 3, and a filter plate 10 and a filter screen 22 are set inside the filter frame 9. The raw materials are put into the melting pot 3 and mixed and heated to the melting point. At the same time, the temperature and time of the melting pot 3 are controlled to ensure that the raw materials are fully melted and mixed. After the smelting is completed, the molten aluminum alloy passes through the filter frame 9 into the molding chamber 7. The aluminum alloy is poured into the mold. This process requires controlling the pouring speed and temperature to ensure that the aluminum alloy fully fills the mold and avoids the formation of pores and defects. After the pouring is completed, the aluminum alloy begins to cool. This process requires controlling the cooling time and speed according to the size and requirements of the product. After the cooling is completed, the aluminum rod gradually solidifies to form the required shape and structure. By ensuring the purity of the aluminum rod during production and avoiding the incorporation of impurities, the problem of aluminum extrusion molding devices in the prior art being prone to mold damage, grain growth and surface cracks, and the pressure increases due to friction during extrusion, which increases energy consumption , and the need to increase material loading and unloading processes, resulting in low production speed and low efficiency. A heating rack 23 is set inside the heated extrusion bin 11, and the aluminum rod is placed on the heating rack 23. The aluminum rod is heated to 500 degrees. At the same time, the mold also needs to be heated to an appropriate temperature, which is usually close to the temperature at which the aluminum rod is heated, to ensure that the aluminum material can flow evenly in the mold to form a multi-cavity structure. During extrusion, the push plate 25 on one side of the groove 24 is moved together. By setting a traction component 17 on the top of the upper surface of the support seat 14, one end of the extrusion is pulled by the limit frame 31 and the limit groove 32, which can ensure that the aluminum profile maintains a stable shape and size during the extrusion process, avoiding product quality problems caused by unstable factors during the extrusion process. The aluminum profile may experience mold expansion during the extrusion process, that is, the size of the material changes after leaving the mold. The traction device can effectively control this size change through appropriate traction force to ensure the dimensional accuracy of the final product. At the same time, the aluminum profile can have a certain orientation in the axial direction. This orientation helps to improve the axial strength and stiffness of the aluminum profile, thereby improving the overall performance of the material.

[0021] See also Figure 1-Figure 6 The smelting and casting device and the extrusion device in the above steps 1 and 2 include an aluminum rod smelting and casting component 1 and an aluminum material extrusion component 2. The aluminum rod smelting and casting component 1 is provided with a smelting and casting tank 3, a motor 4 is provided on the top of the smelting and casting tank 3, and feeding ports 5 are provided on both sides of the motor 4. A control box 6 is provided on the front end face of the smelting and casting tank 3.

[0022] See also Figure 1-Figure 6, a filter frame 9 is provided at the bottom of the melting and casting pot 3, a filter plate 10 is provided inside the filter frame 9, the filter plate 10 is plugged and connected with the inside of the filter frame 9, a handle groove 21 is provided on the front end surface of the filter plate 10, and a filter screen 22 is provided inside the filter plate 10. The raw materials are put into the melting and casting pot 3 for mixing and heating to the melting point, and the temperature and time of the melting and casting pot 3 are controlled at the same time to ensure that the raw materials are fully melted and mixed. After the smelting is completed, the molten aluminum alloy passes through the filter frame 9 into the forming mold inside the forming bin 7 for pouring. This process requires controlling the pouring speed and temperature to ensure that the aluminum alloy fully fills the casting mold to avoid the generation of pores and defects. After the pouring is completed, the aluminum alloy begins to cool. This process requires controlling the cooling time and speed according to the size and requirements of the product. After the cooling is completed, the aluminum rod is gradually solidified to form the required shape and structure. By ensuring the purity of the aluminum rod during production and avoiding the incorporation of impurities, the problem that the aluminum extrusion molding device in the prior art is prone to mold damage, grain growth and surface cracks, the pressure increases due to friction during extrusion, the energy consumption increases, and the material loading and unloading processes need to be increased, resulting in production The problems of low speed and low efficiency are solved by arranging a heating rack 23 inside the heated extrusion bin 11, placing the aluminum rod on the heating rack 23, and heating the aluminum rod to 500 degrees. At the same time, the mold also needs to be heated to an appropriate temperature, which is usually close to the temperature at which the aluminum rod is heated, to ensure that the aluminum material can flow evenly in the mold to form a multi-cavity structure. During extrusion, the push plate 25 on one side of the groove 24 is moved together. By arranging a traction component 17 on the top of the upper surface of the support seat 14, one end of the extrusion is pulled by the limit frame 31 and the limit groove 32, so that the aluminum profile can maintain a stable shape and size during the extrusion process, and avoid product quality problems caused by unstable factors during the extrusion process. The aluminum profile may experience mold expansion during the extrusion process, that is, the size of the material changes after leaving the mold. The traction device can effectively control this size change through appropriate traction force to ensure the dimensional accuracy of the final product. At the same time, the aluminum profile can have a certain orientation in the axial direction, which helps to improve the axial strength and stiffness of the aluminum profile, thereby improving the overall performance of the material.

[0023] See also Figure 1-Figure 6 A forming bin 7 is provided below the filter frame 9 , and drivers 8 are installed on both sides of the forming bin 7 .

[0024] See also Figure 1-Figure 6A melting and casting mold 18 is arranged inside the molding bin 7, and a mold groove 19 is arranged inside the melting and casting mold 18. A partition plate 20 is arranged between the mold grooves 19. The molten aluminum alloy passes through the filter frame 9 into the molding mold inside the molding bin 7 for pouring. This process requires controlling the pouring speed and temperature to ensure that the aluminum alloy fully fills the mold to avoid pores and defects. After the pouring is completed, the aluminum alloy begins to cool. This process requires controlling the cooling time and speed according to the size and requirements of the product. After the cooling is completed, the aluminum rod is gradually solidified to form the required shape and structure. By ensuring the purity of the aluminum rod during production and avoiding the incorporation of impurities, the problem of mold breakage, grain growth and surface cracks easily caused by the aluminum extrusion molding device in the prior art is solved. During positive extrusion, the pressure increases due to friction, the energy consumption increases, and the material loading and unloading processes need to be added, resulting in low production speed and low efficiency.

[0025] See also Figure 1-Figure 6 A heating extrusion bin 11 is provided on the aluminum extrusion assembly 2, a heating device 12 is provided on the top of the heating extrusion bin 11, a control panel 13 is provided on the front end surface of the heating extrusion bin 11, and an extrusion die 16 is installed on one side end surface of the heating extrusion bin 11.

[0026] See also Figure 1-Figure 6 A support seat 14 is disposed at the bottom of the heating extrusion chamber 11 , a rotating shaft 15 is installed inside the support seat 14 , and a traction assembly 17 is disposed on one side of the upper surface of the support seat 14 .

[0027] See also Figure 1-Figure 6 A heating rack 23 is arranged inside the heating extrusion bin 11, a placement groove 24 is arranged inside the heating rack 23, and a push plate 25 is arranged on one side of the placement groove 24. By arranging the heating rack 23 inside the heating extrusion bin 11, the aluminum rod is placed on the heating rack 23, and the aluminum rod is heated to 500 degrees. At the same time, the mold also needs to be heated to an appropriate temperature, which is usually close to the temperature at which the aluminum rod is heated, to ensure that the aluminum material can flow evenly in the mold to form a multi-cavity structure. During extrusion, the push plate 25 on one side of the placement groove 24 is moved together.

[0028] See also Figure 1-Figure 6The front and rear ends of the bottom of the traction component 17 are both provided with a moving seat 26, a moving groove 27 is provided inside the moving seat 26, a support frame 28 is provided inside the moving groove 27, and the support frame 28 is slidably connected to the inside of the moving groove 27. One end of the extrusion is pulled by a limit frame 31 and a limit groove 32, which can ensure that the aluminum profile maintains a stable shape and size during the extrusion process, and avoid product quality problems caused by unstable factors in the extrusion process. The aluminum profile may experience mold expansion during the extrusion process, that is, the size of the material changes after leaving the mold. The traction device can effectively control this size change through appropriate traction force to ensure the dimensional accuracy of the final product. At the same time, it can make the aluminum profile have a certain orientation in the axial direction. This orientation helps to improve the axial strength and rigidity of the aluminum profile, thereby improving the overall performance of the material.

[0029] See also Figure 1-Figure 6 A cylinder 29 is installed on the top of the support frame 28, a telescopic rod 30 is arranged at the bottom of the support frame 28, a limiting frame 31 is arranged at the bottom of the telescopic rod 30, and a limiting groove 32 is arranged inside the limiting frame 31.

[0030] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A high-precision multi-cavity aluminum material extrusion molding method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: The aluminum ingot is passed through a melting and casting device to form an aluminum rod. The aluminum rod is heated to 500 degrees to ensure that it has good plasticity. At the same time, the mold also needs to be heated to a corresponding temperature, which is close to the temperature of the aluminum rod, to ensure that the aluminum material can flow evenly in the mold to form a multi-cavity structure; Step 2: Place the aluminum rod in the extrusion device and fix the die on the machine tool. The heated aluminum rod is fed into the extrusion device and extruded through the die. During this process, the aluminum material is forced through the die under high pressure to form the desired multi-cavity shape. Step 3: The extruded profile is pulled to the cutting device and automatically cut to the required length; Step 4: The cut profiles are sent to the cooling production line for cooling and straightening. Since the profiles extruded at high temperature are not hard enough, they need to be aged.

2. The high-precision multi-cavity aluminum material extrusion molding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smelting and casting device and the extrusion device in the above steps 1 and 2 comprise an aluminum rod smelting and casting assembly (1) and an aluminum material extrusion assembly (2), wherein the aluminum rod smelting and casting assembly (1) is provided with a smelting and casting tank (3), a motor (4) is provided on the top of the smelting and casting tank (3), feeding ports (5) are provided on both sides of the motor (4), and a control box (6) is provided on the front end surface of the smelting and casting tank (3).

3. The high-precision multi-cavity aluminum material extrusion molding method according to claim 2, characterized in that: A filter frame (9) is arranged at the bottom of the smelting pot (3), a filter plate (10) is arranged inside the filter frame (9), the filter plate (10) is plug-connected to the inside of the filter frame (9), a handle groove (21) is arranged on the front end surface of the filter plate (10), and a filter screen (22) is arranged inside the filter plate (10).

4. The high-precision multi-cavity aluminum material extrusion molding method according to claim 3, characterized in that: A forming bin (7) is provided below the filter frame (9), and drivers (8) are installed on both sides of the forming bin (7).

5. The high-precision multi-cavity aluminum material extrusion molding method according to claim 4, characterized in that: A melting and casting mold (18) is arranged inside the molding bin (7), mold grooves (19) are arranged inside the melting and casting mold (18), and partition plates (20) are arranged between the mold grooves (19).

6. The high-precision multi-cavity aluminum material extrusion molding method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The aluminum extrusion assembly (2) is provided with a heated extrusion bin (11), a heating device (12) is provided on the top of the heated extrusion bin (11), a control panel (13) is provided on the front end surface of the heated extrusion bin (11), and an extrusion die (16) is installed on one end surface of the heated extrusion bin (11).

7. The high-precision multi-cavity aluminum material extrusion molding method according to claim 6, characterized in that: A support seat (14) is provided at the bottom of the heating extrusion chamber (11), a rotating shaft (15) is installed inside the support seat (14), and a traction assembly (17) is provided on one side of the upper surface of the support seat (14).

8. The high-precision multi-cavity aluminum material extrusion molding method according to claim 7, characterized in that: A heating frame (23) is provided inside the heating extrusion bin (11), a placement groove (24) is provided inside the heating frame (23), and a push plate (25) is provided on one side inside the placement groove (24).

9. The high-precision multi-cavity aluminum material extrusion molding method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The front and rear ends of the bottom of the traction component (17) are both provided with a moving seat (26), a moving groove (27) is provided inside the moving seat (26), a support frame (28) is provided inside the moving groove (27), and the support frame (28) is slidably connected to the inside of the moving groove (27).

10. The high-precision multi-cavity aluminum material extrusion molding method according to claim 9, characterized in that: A cylinder (29) is installed on the top of the support frame (28), a telescopic rod (30) is arranged at the bottom of the support frame (28), a limiting frame (31) is arranged at the bottom of the telescopic rod (30), and a limiting groove (32) is arranged inside the limiting frame (31).

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