Device for controlling forge piece quality and forge piece quality control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for controlling the quality of a forge piece and a forge piece quality control method adopting the device. The device for controlling the quality of the forge piece comprises a water cooling time difference compensation device which is arranged on a water pool and used for conducting water cooling treatment on the forge piece, the water cooling time difference compensation device comprises a pair of water mist wall curtains which are arranged on the left side and the right side above the water surface of the water pool respectively, and the pair of water mist wall curtains are perpendicular to the water surface of the water pool and right face each other. Horizontally-arranged water spraying holes are densely distributed in the water mist wall curtain according to a matrix array arrangement mode; the forge piece quality control method comprises the steps that after air cooling, a forge piece is hoisted to the position above a water pool between a pair of water mist wall curtains and temporarily stays still, then water spraying holes in the pair of water mist wall curtains are opened at the same time, and spraying water from the water spraying holes reaches all parts of the surface of the forge piece at the same time to achieve uniform water cooling. And then the hoisted forge piece is downwards placed into a water pool to be continuously and evenly cooled to the set water cooling time. The stability and the reliability of the forging quality of the forge piece are improved.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of the Chinese invention patent application with the application date of April 2, 2022, application number 2022103416386, and invention name "A method for controlling forging quality after ultra-fine grain treatment after multi-directional forging." Technical Field

[0002] The present invention relates to the technical field of forging, and in particular to a forging quality control method for ultra-fine grain treatment after multi-directional forging, and also to a forging quality control device and a forging quality control method using the device. Background Art

[0003] High-strength alloy steel products, gear forgings and shaft forgings are widely used in aerospace vehicles, infantry fighting vehicles, ships and other fields. They have the characteristics of corrosion resistance, high strength, low temperature resistance, weather resistance, etc., and are one of our company's main products.

[0004] In the forging process of the industry, there are still common problems such as internal looseness and defects of forgings, low product flaw detection pass rate, and too coarse grains in local microstructures, which lead to poor forging reliability and stability.

[0005] Based on the above problems, it is necessary to improve the stability and reliability of the forging quality of high-strength alloy steel forgings by improving the existing forging methods. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a forging quality control method for ultra-fine grain treatment after multi-directional forging, aiming to improve the stability and reliability of the forging quality of high-strength alloy steel forgings. The specific technical solution is as follows: A method for controlling the quality of forgings subjected to ultra-fine grain treatment after multi-directional forging, comprising a multi-directional forging control method for multi-directional forging of forgings and a control method for ultra-fine grain treatment of forgings after multi-directional forging, wherein the ultra-fine grain treatment control method comprises the following steps: Step S1: After multi-directional forging, the forging is air-cooled, and after reaching the set air-cooling temperature, it is placed in the furnace for uniform heat preservation, so that the temperature inside and outside of the forging is consistent, and then the temperature is raised to 30~50℃ above Ac3. After the temperature is raised to the desired level, it is kept warm for a certain period of time before being taken out of the furnace for cooling; Step S2: After the forgings in step S1 are cooled in the air for 2-3 minutes, they are placed in a water pool for water cooling. After the set water cooling time is reached, they are placed in an air cooling area for wind cooling or mist cooling. After reaching a certain temperature, they are switched to air cooling. Step S3: After the forgings in step S2 are air-cooled, they are placed in a furnace for tempering at a set temperature, and are taken out of the furnace as the temperature drops to below 250°C.

[0007] Preferably, the water cooling time in step S2 is calculated as 8-10 minutes of water cooling per 100 mm of the cross-sectional thickness of the forging.

[0008] Furthermore, the multi-directional forging adopts a low temperature forming multi-directional forging process, and the process parameters of the low temperature forming multi-directional forging process are as follows: after the blank is heated to 100-150°C above Ac3, it is placed in a mold for multi-directional forging.

[0009] Taking into account that various parts of the forging do not contact the water at the same time when the forging enters the water (the lower part of the forging contacts the water first, and the upper part contacts the water later), this will cause uneven deformation of the forging during water cooling and generate harmful stress, which may lead to the generation of forging defects. In the quality control method of forgings subjected to ultra-fine grain treatment after multi-directional forging of the present invention, a water cooling time difference compensation device is provided on the water pool, and the water cooling time difference compensation device includes a pair of water mist wall curtains respectively arranged on the left and right sides above the water surface of the water pool, the pair of water mist wall curtains are perpendicular to the water surface of the water pool and are arranged opposite to each other, and the water mist wall curtains are densely covered with horizontally arranged water spray holes in a matrix array arrangement.

[0010] Preferably, the lowest water spray hole on the water mist wall curtain is flush with the water surface of the pool.

[0011] In the present invention, during the water cooling treatment process of step S2, the forging is hoisted to a position above a water pool between a pair of water mist wall curtains after air cooling and temporarily remains motionless, and then the water spray holes on the pair of water mist wall curtains are opened at the same time, and the spray water from the water spray holes reaches various parts of the surface of the forging at the same time to achieve uniform water cooling, and then the hoisted forging is lowered into the water pool and continues to be evenly cooled to the set water cooling time.

[0012] Preferably, forging detectors can be arranged in the front and rear directions of the water pool to monitor whether the forging has been hoisted completely into the working space between the pair of water mist wall curtains. When the forging detector detects that the forging has been hoisted into the working space of the pair of water mist wall curtains, the water spraying system connected to the water spraying hole automatically starts the water spraying operation; when the forging is completely hoisted below the water surface of the water pool, the water spraying system automatically shuts down the water spraying operation.

[0013] Preferably, the forging detector may be a group of distance measuring sensor arrays, and the detection direction of the sensors in the distance measuring sensor array is the front-to-back horizontal direction.

[0014] Preferably, the distance between the pair of water mist wall curtains is set as an adjustable structure to meet the needs of forgings of different specifications.

[0015] In the present invention, the multi-directional forging control method comprises the following steps: (1) Three-dimensional modeling of forgings: Use three-dimensional design software to perform three-dimensional modeling of forgings; (2) Selection of billet specifications: Based on the three-dimensional shape of the forging, the volume of the forging is calculated using 3D design software; then, the appropriate specifications of the steel ingot are selected based on the volume of the forging; (3) Design of multi-directional die: Design multi-directional forging die according to the three-dimensional shape of the forging; (4) Preliminary design of forging process parameters for multi-directional die forging: the forging process parameters include billet heating temperature, die preheating temperature and punch extrusion speed; (5) Establishment of multi-directional die forging plastic forming test model: Use metal plastic forming finite element analysis software to establish a multi-directional die forging plastic forming test model for forgings; (6) Numerical simulation calculation of die forging: In the metal plastic forming finite element analysis software, according to the multi-directional die forging plastic forming test model of the forging, the multi-directional die is used as a rigid body and the forging is used as a plastic body. The forging process parameters of the multi-directional die forging are set, and the numerical simulation calculation of the multi-directional die forging is performed; the numerical simulation calculation includes the temperature field distribution calculation during the forging forming process; through the temperature field distribution calculation, the temperature change data of each part during the forging forming process is obtained; (7) Analysis of temperature field changes: Based on the temperature change data of each part during the forging process, the data of the low-temperature parts on the surface in contact with the die during the forging process are analyzed and obtained, and the corresponding information of the low-temperature parts at the same position on the die is obtained; (8) Redesign of forging process parameters for multi-directional die forging: Based on the information of low temperature parts of the die obtained in step (7), the die preheating temperature is redesigned; The method for redesigning the mold preheating temperature is as follows: performing heating compensation on the preheating temperature of the low temperature portion of the mold, wherein the heating compensation refers to dividing the low temperature portion on the mold into a plurality of low temperature sub-portions, setting a different temperature increase amplitude for each low temperature sub-portion, and the preheating temperature increase amplitude of the low temperature sub-portion with a larger low temperature value is also larger; (9) Modification of the multi-directional die forging plastic forming test model: The multi-directional die forging plastic forming test model was modified to separate the low temperature sub-parts on the die independently, so that different preheating temperatures can be set for the low temperature sub-parts of the die in the metal plastic forming finite element analysis software; (10) Secondary numerical simulation calculation of die forging: According to the modified multi-directional die forging plastic forming test model and the redesigned die preheating temperature, the numerical simulation calculation of die forging and the change analysis of temperature field are re-performed to determine whether there is a low temperature part on the die; if there is still a low temperature part, repeat steps (8) to (10) until there is no low temperature part on the die; (11) Design of preheating temperature compensation device for multi-directional mold: Design preheating temperature compensation device for low temperature parts on multi-directional mold to meet the need of increasing the temperature of each low temperature sub-part; (12) Multi-directional forging: manufacturing a multi-directional die and a preheating temperature compensation device matched with the multi-directional die, and using the multi-directional die and the preheating temperature compensation device together to perform multi-directional forging on the blank.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the preheating temperature heating compensation device of the multi-directional mold includes a manipulator arranged next to the multi-directional mold and a directional magnetic induction heating module arranged at the front end of the manipulator for adjusting and realizing different preheating temperatures of various parts of the mold.

[0017] Preferably, the directional magnetic induction heating module includes a heating plate fixed at the front end of the manipulator, a spiral groove arranged on the end surface of the heating plate and extending outward from the center of the plate body of the heating plate, a number of U-shaped silicon steel sheets filling the spiral groove, which are perpendicular to the bottom of the spiral groove and stacked and connected in sequence, a power line that penetrates into the U-shaped groove of the U-shaped silicon steel sheet along the spiral direction, a ceramic spacer that is jacketed on the power line and stacked in sequence, and a high-temperature resistant glue cast between the spiral groove of the heating plate and the outer circle of the ceramic spacer; wherein the U-shaped opening groove of the U-shaped silicon steel sheet faces away from the bottom of the spiral groove on the heating plate.

[0018] When the mold is heated, the spiral U-shaped body formed by stacking the U-shaped silicon steel sheets has its U-shaped opening facing one side of the mold, so that a directional heating magnetic circuit can be formed between the spiral U-shaped body and the mold, thereby improving the heating efficiency.

[0019] Preferably, the manipulator is a multi-axis key arm manipulator; a through hole is provided in the middle of the heating plate, and an infrared thermal imaging temperature monitor is provided on the multi-axis key arm manipulator at a rear position of the through hole.

[0020] By installing the directional magnetic induction heating module at the front end of the multi-axis key arm manipulator, the position of the directional magnetic induction heating module can be flexibly moved to achieve heating of the parts of the mold that require temperature compensation.

[0021] After the mold is installed on the forging machine for preheating and before forging, the directional magnetic induction heating module installed on the manipulator next to the forging machine is used to perform directional magnetic induction heating on the corresponding parts of the mold where the forging temperature is expected to be low during the die forging process, thereby achieving local compensation for the mold preheating temperature, thereby improving the temperature balance of the mold and forgings during the forging process.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: First, the present invention provides a forging quality control method for ultra-fine grain treatment after multi-directional forging. The forging is subjected to ultra-fine grain treatment after multi-directional forging. Through the optimized design of the forging ultra-fine grain treatment process, the microstructure grains of the forging are greatly improved and refined, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the forging quality of high-strength alloy steel forgings.

[0023] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for controlling the quality of forgings that undergo ultrafine grain treatment after multi-directional forging. During the ultrafine grain treatment, a water cooling time difference compensation device is provided on a water pool for water cooling treatment, thereby achieving simultaneous contact of various parts of the forging with cooling water during the water cooling treatment. This overcomes the disadvantage that harmful stresses may be caused by the time difference in contact between the forging and water during conventional water cooling treatment, thereby reducing or avoiding the occurrence of forging defects, thereby further improving the quality of forgings subjected to ultrafine grain treatment by multi-directional forging.

[0024] Third, the present invention provides a forging quality control method for ultra-fine grain treatment after multi-directional forging, which performs multi-directional forging process optimization design in advance before multi-directional forging, analyzes the temperature field of the forging and the mold by metal plastic forming finite element analysis software, and sets a preheating temperature heating compensation device according to the temperature field data, and optimizes the heating compensation of the local position of the mold through secondary numerical simulation calculation on the basis of the preheating temperature heating compensation device, thereby reducing the temperature difference of various parts of the forging during multi-directional forging, thereby improving the quality of the forgings with ultra-fine grain treatment after multi-directional forging. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of process control of ultra-fine grain treatment of forgings in a method for controlling quality of forgings after ultra-fine grain treatment of multi-directional forging according to the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of multi-directional forging process control in a forging quality control method for ultra-fine grain treatment after multi-directional forging according to the present invention; Figure 3 It is the structure of the water cooling time difference compensation device used in the ultra-fine grain water cooling treatment; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a preheating temperature compensation device for a multi-directional mold; Figure 5yes Figure 4 A front view of the directional magnetic induction heating module; Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the cross section of the spiral groove part.

[0026] In the figure: 1. water-cooled time difference compensation device, 2. water mist wall curtain, 3. water spray hole, 4. manipulator, 5. directional magnetic induction heating module, 6. heating plate, 7. spiral groove, 8. U-shaped silicon steel sheet, 9. power line, 10. ceramic spacer, 11. high temperature resistant glue, 12. through hole, 13. infrared thermal imaging temperature monitor, 14. forging, 15. horizontal spray of water mist, 16. water pool, 17. telescopic adjustment rod for adjusting the distance between a pair of water mist wall curtains. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 6 The embodiment of the forging quality control method for ultra-fine grain treatment after multi-directional forging of the present invention is shown, including a multi-directional forging control method for multi-directional forging of forgings and a control method for ultra-fine grain treatment of forgings after multi-directional forging, wherein the ultra-fine grain treatment control method includes the following steps: Step S1: After multi-directional forging, the forging is air-cooled, and after reaching the set air-cooling temperature, it is placed in the furnace for uniform heat preservation, so that the temperature inside and outside of the forging is consistent, and then the temperature is raised to 30~50℃ above Ac3. After the temperature is raised to the desired level, it is kept warm for a certain period of time before being taken out of the furnace for cooling; Step S2: After the forgings in step S1 are cooled in the air for 2-3 minutes, they are placed in a water pool for water cooling. After the set water cooling time is reached, they are placed in an air cooling area for wind cooling or mist cooling. After reaching a certain temperature, they are switched to air cooling. Step S3: After the forgings in step S2 are air-cooled, they are placed in a furnace for tempering at a set temperature, and are taken out of the furnace as the temperature drops to below 250°C.

[0029] Preferably, the water cooling time in step S2 is calculated as 8-10 minutes of water cooling per 100 mm of the cross-sectional thickness of the forging.

[0030] Furthermore, the multi-directional forging adopts a low temperature forming multi-directional forging process, and the process parameters of the low temperature forming multi-directional forging process are as follows: after the blank is heated to 100-150°C above Ac3, it is placed in a mold for multi-directional forging.

[0031] Taking into account that various parts of the forging do not contact the water at the same time when the forging enters the water (the lower part of the forging contacts the water first, and the upper part contacts the water later), this will cause uneven deformation of the forging during water cooling and generate harmful stress, which may lead to the generation of forging defects. In the forging quality control method for ultra-fine grain treatment after multi-directional forging in this embodiment, a water cooling time difference compensation device 1 is provided on the water pool 16, and the water cooling time difference compensation device 1 includes a pair of water mist wall curtains 2 respectively arranged on the left and right sides above the water surface of the water pool 16, the pair of water mist wall curtains 2 are perpendicular to the water surface of the water pool 16 and are arranged opposite to each other, and the water mist wall curtain 2 is densely covered with horizontally arranged water spray holes 3 in a matrix array arrangement.

[0032] Preferably, the lowest water spray hole 3 on the water mist wall curtain 2 is flush with the water surface of the pool 16 .

[0033] In this embodiment, during the water cooling process of step S2, the forging 14 is hoisted to a position above a water pool between a pair of water mist wall curtains 2 after air cooling and temporarily remains stationary. Then, the water spray holes 3 on the pair of water mist wall curtains 2 are opened at the same time, and the spray water from the water spray holes 3 reaches various parts of the surface of the forging 14 at the same time to achieve uniform water cooling. Then, the hoisted forging 14 is lowered into the water pool and continues to be evenly cooled until the set water cooling time.

[0034] Preferably, a forging detector can be arranged in the front and rear directions of the water pool 16 to monitor whether the forging has been hoisted completely into the working space between the pair of water mist curtains 2. When the forging detector detects that the forging has been hoisted into the working space of the pair of water mist curtains 2, the water spraying system connected to the water spraying hole 3 automatically starts the water spraying operation; when the forging 14 is completely hoisted below the water surface of the water pool 16, the water spraying system automatically shuts down the water spraying operation.

[0035] Preferably, the forging detector may be a group of distance measuring sensor arrays, and the detection direction of the sensors in the distance measuring sensor array is the front-to-back horizontal direction.

[0036] Preferably, the distance between the pair of water mist curtains 2 is set as an adjustable structure to meet the needs of forgings of different specifications.

[0037] In this embodiment, the multi-directional forging control method includes the following steps: (1) Three-dimensional modeling of forgings: Use three-dimensional design software to perform three-dimensional modeling of forgings; (2) Selection of billet specifications: Based on the three-dimensional shape of the forging, the volume of the forging is calculated using 3D design software; then, the appropriate specifications of the steel ingot are selected based on the volume of the forging; (3) Design of multi-directional die: Design multi-directional forging die according to the three-dimensional shape of the forging; (4) Preliminary design of forging process parameters for multi-directional die forging: the forging process parameters include billet heating temperature, die preheating temperature and punch extrusion speed; (5) Establishment of multi-directional die forging plastic forming test model: Use metal plastic forming finite element analysis software to establish a multi-directional die forging plastic forming test model for forgings; (6) Numerical simulation calculation of die forging: In the metal plastic forming finite element analysis software, according to the multi-directional die forging plastic forming test model of the forging, the multi-directional die is used as a rigid body and the forging is used as a plastic body. The forging process parameters of the multi-directional die forging are set, and the numerical simulation calculation of the multi-directional die forging is performed; the numerical simulation calculation includes the temperature field distribution calculation during the forging forming process; through the temperature field distribution calculation, the temperature change data of each part during the forging forming process is obtained; (7) Analysis of temperature field changes: Based on the temperature change data of each part during the forging process, the data of the low-temperature parts on the surface in contact with the die during the forging process are analyzed and obtained, and the corresponding information of the low-temperature parts at the same position on the die is obtained; (8) Redesign of forging process parameters for multi-directional die forging: Based on the information of low temperature parts of the die obtained in step (7), the die preheating temperature is redesigned; The method for redesigning the mold preheating temperature is as follows: performing heating compensation on the preheating temperature of the low temperature portion of the mold, wherein the heating compensation refers to dividing the low temperature portion on the mold into a plurality of low temperature sub-portions, setting a different temperature increase amplitude for each low temperature sub-portion, and the preheating temperature increase amplitude of the low temperature sub-portion with a larger low temperature value is also larger; (9) Modification of the multi-directional die forging plastic forming test model: The multi-directional die forging plastic forming test model was modified to separate the low temperature sub-parts on the die independently, so that different preheating temperatures can be set for the low temperature sub-parts of the die in the metal plastic forming finite element analysis software; (10) Secondary numerical simulation calculation of die forging: According to the modified multi-directional die forging plastic forming test model and the redesigned die preheating temperature, the numerical simulation calculation of die forging and the change analysis of temperature field are re-performed to determine whether there is a low temperature part on the die; if there is still a low temperature part, repeat steps (8) to (10) until there is no low temperature part on the die; (11) Design of preheating temperature compensation device for multi-directional mold: Design preheating temperature compensation device for low temperature parts on multi-directional mold to meet the need of increasing the temperature of each low temperature sub-part; (12) Multi-directional forging: manufacturing a multi-directional die and a preheating temperature compensation device matched with the multi-directional die, and using the multi-directional die and the preheating temperature compensation device together to perform multi-directional forging on the blank.

[0038] As a preferred solution of this embodiment, the preheating temperature heating compensation device of the multi-directional mold includes a manipulator 4 arranged next to the multi-directional mold, and a directional magnetic induction heating module 5 arranged at the front end of the manipulator 4 for adjusting and realizing different preheating temperatures of various parts of the mold.

[0039] Preferably, the directional magnetic induction heating module 5 includes a heating plate 6 fixed at the front end of the manipulator 4, a spiral groove 7 arranged on the end surface of the heating plate 6 and extending outward from the center of the plate body of the heating plate 6, a number of U-shaped silicon steel sheets 8 filling the spiral groove 7, which are perpendicular to the bottom of the spiral groove 7 and are stacked and connected in sequence, a power line 9 that penetrates into the U-shaped groove of the U-shaped silicon steel sheet 8 along the spiral direction, a ceramic spacer 10 that is jacketed on the power line 9 and overlaps with each other in sequence, and a high-temperature resistant glue 11 cast between the spiral groove 7 of the heating plate 6 and the outer circle of the ceramic spacer 10; wherein, the U-shaped opening groove of the U-shaped silicon steel sheet 8 faces away from the bottom of the spiral groove 7 on the heating plate 6.

[0040] When the mold is heated, the spiral U-shaped body formed by stacking the U-shaped silicon steel sheets 8 has its U-shaped opening facing one side of the mold, so that a directional heating magnetic circuit can be formed between the spiral U-shaped body and the mold, thereby improving the heating efficiency.

[0041] Preferably, the manipulator 4 is a multi-axis key arm manipulator; a through hole 12 is provided in the middle of the heating plate 6 , and an infrared thermal imaging temperature monitor 13 is provided on the multi-axis key arm manipulator 4 at a position behind the through hole 12 .

[0042] By installing the directional magnetic induction heating module 5 at the front end of the multi-axis key arm manipulator 4, the position of the directional magnetic induction heating module 5 can be flexibly moved to achieve heating of the part of the mold that needs temperature compensation.

[0043] After the die is installed on the forging machine for preheating and before forging, the directional magnetic induction heating module 5 on the manipulator 4 arranged next to the forging machine is used to perform directional magnetic induction heating on the corresponding parts of the die where the forging temperature is expected to be low during the die forging process, thereby achieving local compensation for the die preheating temperature, thereby improving the temperature balance of the die and forgings during the forging process.

[0044] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for controlling the quality of forgings, characterized in that: It includes a water-cooling time difference compensation device arranged on a water pool for water cooling forgings, the water-cooling time difference compensation device includes a pair of water mist wall curtains respectively arranged on the left and right sides above the water surface of the water pool, the pair of water mist wall curtains are perpendicular to the water surface of the water pool and are arranged opposite to each other, and the water mist wall curtains are densely covered with horizontally arranged water spray holes in a matrix array arrangement.

2. A device for controlling forging quality according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lowermost end of the water mist wall curtain enters into the water surface of the pool.

3. A device for controlling forging quality according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lowest water spray hole on the water mist wall curtain is flush with the water surface of the pool.

4. A device for controlling forging quality according to claim 1, characterized in that: Forging detectors for monitoring whether the hoisting of the forging has completely entered the working space between a pair of water mist wall curtains are arranged on the front and rear sides of the water pool.

5. A forging quality control method using the forging quality control device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The specific water cooling process of the forgings after being cooled out of the furnace is as follows: after air cooling, the forgings are hoisted to a position above a water pool between a pair of water mist wall curtains and temporarily remain motionless, and then the water spray holes on the pair of water mist wall curtains are opened at the same time, and the spray water from each water spray hole reaches all parts of the forging surface at the same time to achieve uniform water cooling, and then the hoisted forgings are lowered into the water pool and continue to be evenly cooled until the set water cooling time.

6. The forging quality control method of the device for controlling forging quality according to claim 5, characterized in that: The forging of the forging adopts multi-directional forging, and the multi-directional forging adopts a low-temperature forming multi-directional forging process. The process parameters of the low-temperature forming multi-directional forging process are as follows: after the blank is heated to 100-150°C above Ac3, it is placed in a mold for multi-directional forging.

7. The forging quality control method of the device for controlling forging quality according to claim 5, characterized in that: The multi-directional forging quality control method comprises the following steps: (1) Three-dimensional modeling of forgings: Use three-dimensional design software to perform three-dimensional modeling of forgings; (2) Selection of billet specifications: Based on the three-dimensional shape of the forging, the volume of the forging is calculated using 3D design software; then, the appropriate specifications of the steel ingot are selected based on the volume of the forging; (3) Design of multi-directional die: Design multi-directional forging die according to the three-dimensional shape of the forging; (4) Preliminary design of forging process parameters for multi-directional die forging: the forging process parameters include billet heating temperature, die preheating temperature and punch extrusion speed; (5) Establishment of multi-directional die forging plastic forming test model: Use metal plastic forming finite element analysis software to establish a multi-directional die forging plastic forming test model for forgings; (6) Numerical simulation calculation of die forging: In the metal plastic forming finite element analysis software, according to the multi-directional die forging plastic forming test model of the forging, the multi-directional die is used as a rigid body and the forging is used as a plastic body. The forging process parameters of the multi-directional die forging are set, and the numerical simulation calculation of the multi-directional die forging is performed; the numerical simulation calculation includes the temperature field distribution calculation during the forging forming process; through the temperature field distribution calculation, the temperature change data of each part during the forging forming process is obtained; (7) Analysis of temperature field changes: Based on the temperature change data of each part during the forging process, the data of the low-temperature parts on the surface in contact with the die during the forging process are analyzed and obtained, and the corresponding information of the low-temperature parts at the same position on the die is obtained; (8) Redesign of forging process parameters for multi-directional die forging: Based on the information of low temperature parts of the die obtained in step (7), the die preheating temperature is redesigned; The method for redesigning the mold preheating temperature is as follows: performing heating compensation on the preheating temperature of the low temperature portion of the mold, wherein the heating compensation refers to dividing the low temperature portion on the mold into a plurality of low temperature sub-portions, setting a different temperature increase amplitude for each low temperature sub-portion, and the preheating temperature increase amplitude of the low temperature sub-portion with a larger low temperature value is also larger; (9) Modification of the multi-directional die forging plastic forming test model: The multi-directional die forging plastic forming test model was modified to separate the low temperature sub-parts on the die independently, so that different preheating temperatures can be set for the low temperature sub-parts of the die in the metal plastic forming finite element analysis software; (10) Secondary numerical simulation calculation of die forging: According to the modified multi-directional die forging plastic forming test model and the redesigned die preheating temperature, the numerical simulation calculation of die forging and the change analysis of temperature field are re-performed to determine whether there is a low temperature part on the die; if there is still a low temperature part, repeat steps (8) to (10) until there is no low temperature part on the die; (11) Design of preheating temperature compensation device for multi-directional mold: Design preheating temperature compensation device for low temperature parts on multi-directional mold to meet the need of increasing the temperature of each low temperature sub-part; (12) Multi-directional forging: manufacturing a multi-directional die and a preheating temperature compensation device matched with the multi-directional die, and using the multi-directional die and the preheating temperature compensation device together to perform multi-directional forging on the blank.

8. The forging quality control method of the device for controlling forging quality according to claim 7, characterized in that: The preheating temperature heating compensation device of the multi-directional mold includes a manipulator arranged beside the multi-directional mold and a directional magnetic induction heating module arranged at the front end of the manipulator for adjusting and realizing different preheating temperatures of various parts of the mold.

9. The forging quality control method of the device for controlling forging quality according to claim 8, characterized in that: The directional magnetic induction heating module includes a heating plate fixed at the front end of the manipulator, a spiral groove arranged on the end surface of the heating plate and extending outward from the center of the plate body of the heating plate, a number of U-shaped silicon steel sheets filling the spiral groove, which are perpendicular to the bottom of the spiral groove and are stacked and connected in sequence, a power line that penetrates into the U-shaped groove of the U-shaped silicon steel sheet along the spiral direction, a ceramic spacer that is jacketed on the power line and overlaps with each other in sequence, and a high-temperature resistant glue poured between the spiral groove of the heating plate and the outer circle of the ceramic spacer; wherein the U-shaped opening groove of the U-shaped silicon steel sheet faces away from the bottom of the spiral groove on the heating plate.

10. The forging quality control method of the device for controlling forging quality according to claim 9, characterized in that: The manipulator is a multi-axis key arm manipulator; a through hole is arranged in the middle of the heating plate, and an infrared thermal imaging temperature monitor is arranged at a rear position of the through hole on the multi-axis key arm manipulator.

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