Thermal spraying method for blade coating

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of blade spraying, in particular to a blade coating thermal spraying method which comprises the steps that a blade is fixed through a fixing clamp on a rotary table, a spraying gun is installed on a mechanical arm, and the mechanical arm and the rotary table are installed on a spraying equipment workbench; comprising the following steps that S1, a manipulator program is debugged, specifically, a blade body spraying area of a blade is divided into three small spraying areas including a basin direction area, a back direction area and an air inlet edge area; the initial spraying position of the basin-direction area is the front edge, and the spraying path is parallel to the front edge; the back area selects a target position on the back side of the blade body as a spraying starting position, and a spraying path is perpendicular to the workbench; the spraying starting position of the air inlet edge area is the spraying boundary position of the back area, and the spraying path is perpendicular to the workbench; and S2, thermal spraying is conducted on the bottom face of the blade and all the small spraying areas of the blade body. The situation that singular points are triggered due to the fact that the continuous action angle of the mechanical arm is too large is avoided, the program debugging frequency is reduced, the spraying path is simplified, the spraying efficiency is improved, and the spraying period is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of blade spraying, and in particular to a method for thermal spraying a blade coating. Background Art

[0002] Aircraft engine technology is one of the most critical technologies in my country's national defense industry. The core components of aircraft engines - blades (including turbine blades and guide vanes) are particularly important. In order to increase the service life of blades, blades must be protected. Currently, the most widely used protection method is to thermally spray a high-temperature protective coating of a specified thickness.

[0003] The spraying area includes the blade body and the bottom surface of the blade (the surface where the upper and lower edge plates of the guide blades connect to the blade body, and the surface where the tenon of the turbine blade connects to the blade body). Currently, the blade body is usually sprayed along the profile curve. This method can easily trigger the singularity of the robot arm, and the spraying program requires many debugging times, which is inefficient. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a blade coating thermal spraying method to solve the above-mentioned defects of the prior art.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A method for thermal spraying a blade coating, wherein the blade is clamped and fixed by a fixing fixture, the fixing fixture is mounted on a turntable, the spray gun is mounted on a manipulator, and the manipulator and the turntable are mounted on a workbench of a spraying equipment, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Debugging the robot program: dividing the blade body spraying area into three small spraying areas, namely, the basin area, the back area and the air inlet side area. The air inlet side area is the area other than the basin area and the back area.

[0008] For the basin area, the spraying start position is the leading edge, and the spraying path is parallel to the leading edge;

[0009] For the dorsal area, a target position is selected on the dorsal side of the blade as the starting position for spraying, and the spraying path is perpendicular to the workbench;

[0010] For the air inlet edge area, the spraying start position is the boundary position of the back area spraying, and the spraying path is perpendicular to the workbench;

[0011] S2. Spraying according to the debugging procedure: thermal spraying is performed on the bottom surface of the blade and each small spraying area of ​​the blade body.

[0012] Optionally, when spraying the bottom surface of the blade, the spraying path is parallel to the blade body contour.

[0013] Optionally, the spraying start position of the back-facing area avoids the area with the largest change in curvature radius.

[0014] Optionally, during spraying, the spray gun is perpendicular to the blade body.

[0015] Optionally, the spray angle is consistent when spraying the same small spray area.

[0016] When the blade is a guide blade, the fixing fixture includes:

[0017] A first support seat, fixedly connected to the turntable;

[0018] An upper edge shielding box used to shield the upper edge plate around the upper edge, which is fixedly connected to the first support seat;

[0019] A plurality of upper edge support blocks, fixedly connected to the first support seat, for supporting the guide blades;

[0020] A plurality of upper edge limit pins connected to the upper edge shielding box for positioning the guide blades;

[0021] A lower edge shielding box for shielding the lower edge plate around;

[0022] A plurality of lower edge support blocks, fixedly connected to the lower edge shielding box, and used to abut against the top of the upper raised portion on the top of the lower edge plate; and

[0023] The lower edge limiting pin is arranged on the lower edge shielding box and cooperates with the groove of the upper raised part on the top of the lower edge plate to limit the separation of the lower edge shielding box and the guide blade.

[0024] Optionally, the upper edge shielding box includes an upper edge exhaust side blocking block, an upper edge intake side blocking block, an upper edge basin blocking block and an upper edge back blocking block, all of which are connected to the first support seat by fasteners.

[0025] Optionally, the lower edge shielding box includes a lower edge base, a lower edge exhaust side block, a lower edge air intake side block, a lower edge basin block and a lower edge back block, and the lower edge exhaust side block, the lower edge air intake side block, the lower edge basin block and the lower edge back block are all connected to the lower edge base through fasteners.

[0026] When the blade is a turbine blade, the fixing fixture comprises:

[0027] A second supporting seat is fixedly connected to the turntable;

[0028] A tenon shielding box for shielding the periphery of the tenon, which is fixedly connected to the second support seat;

[0029] The positioning seat is provided with tooth grooves matching the tenon teeth, and the positioning seat is fixedly connected to the second support;

[0030] The positioning block is fixedly connected to the positioning seat and abuts against one end of the tenon.

[0031] Optionally, the tenon shielding box includes a tenon exhaust side sealing block, a tenon intake side sealing block, a tenon basin sealing block and a tenon back sealing block, all of which are connected to the second support seat by fasteners.

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects: in the present invention, the spraying area of ​​the blade is divided into three small spraying areas, namely, the basin area, the back area and the air intake edge area, that is, the robot carries the spray gun for spraying in three small programs, avoiding the robot from continuously moving at too large an angle and triggering a singularity, and reducing the number of debugging times of the spraying program, simplifying the spraying path, greatly improving the spraying efficiency, and shortening the spraying cycle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the use status of the fixing fixture in the second embodiment;

[0035] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the guide blade;

[0036] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the lower part of the fixing fixture;

[0037] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure after the upper edge basin is hidden and blocked;

[0038] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the upper part of the fixing fixture Figure 1 ;

[0039] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the upper part of the fixing fixture Figure 2 ;

[0040] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure after the lower edge basin is hidden and blocked;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a diagram showing the use status of the fixing fixture in Example 3;

[0042] Fig. 9 for Figure 8Schematic diagram of the structure of the turbine blade;

[0043] Fig.10 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing fixture;

[0044] Fig.11 for Fig.10 The rotation state diagram after hiding the tenon exhaust edge sealing block;

[0045] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the spraying path in the guide blade basin area;

[0046] Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the spraying path of the guide vane inlet edge area;

[0047] Fig.14 This is a schematic diagram of the spray path of the back area of ​​the turbine blade;

[0048] Fig.15 This is a schematic diagram of the spraying path in the turbine blade basin area;

[0049] Fig.16 This is a schematic diagram of the spraying path of the air inlet edge area of ​​the turbine blade;

[0050] Fig.17 This is a schematic diagram of the spray path of the back area of ​​the turbine blade;

[0051] Fig.18 It is a schematic diagram of the nozzle path on the bottom surface of the turbine blade;

[0052] Icons: 1-guide blades, 101-back side, 102-leading edge, 103-upper edge exhaust edge, 104-upper edge inlet edge, 105-upper edge basin edge, 106-upper edge back edge, 107-lower edge exhaust edge, 108-lower edge inlet edge, 109-lower edge basin edge, 110-lower edge back edge, 111-upper edge plate, 1111-lower raised portion, 112-lower edge plate, 1121-upper raised portion, 1122-groove, 2-turbine blades, 201-tenon exhaust edge, 202-tenon inlet edge, 203-tenon basin edge, 204-tenon back edge, 3-fixing fixture, 301-upper edge base, 302-first support plate, 303-first connecting plate, 304-upper edge Exhaust side blocking block, 305-upper edge air intake side blocking block, 306-upper edge basin blocking block, 307-upper edge back blocking block, 308-upper edge support block, 309-upper edge limit pin, 310-lower edge base, 311-lower edge exhaust side blocking block, 312-lower edge air intake side blocking block, 313-lower edge basin blocking block, 314-lower edge back blocking block, 315-lower edge support block, 316-lower edge limit pin, 317-tensioning bolt, 318-tenon base, 319-second support plate, 320-second connecting plate, 321-tenon exhaust side sealing block, 322-tenon air intake side sealing block, 323-tenon basin sealing block, 324-tenon back sealing block, 325-positioning seat, 326-positioning block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] Embodiment 1

[0054] A method for thermal spraying a blade coating, wherein the blade is clamped and fixed by a fixing fixture 3, the fixing fixture 3 is mounted on a turntable (not shown), a spray gun (not shown) is mounted on a manipulator (not shown), and the manipulator and the turntable are mounted on a spraying equipment workbench (not shown), comprising the following steps:

[0055] S1. Debug the robot program: divide the blade body spraying area into three small spraying areas, namely the basin area, the back area and the air inlet edge area. The air inlet edge area is the area other than the basin area and the back area.

[0056] For the basin area, the spraying start position is the leading edge 102, and the spraying path is parallel to the leading edge 102; for the back area, the target position is selected on the back side 101 of the blade body as the spraying start position, and the spraying path is perpendicular to the workbench. For the air intake edge area, the spraying start position is the boundary position of the back area spraying, and the spraying path is perpendicular to the workbench. Specifically, for the guide vane 1, the spraying path of the basin area is shown as follows: Fig.12 As shown, the spray path of the air intake edge area is as follows Fig.13 As shown, the spray path of the back area is as follows Fig.14 As shown; for turbine blade 2, the spray path of the basin area is shown as follows Fig.15 As shown, the spray path of the air intake edge area is as follows Fig.16 As shown, the spray path of the back area is as follows Fig.17 As shown, the dotted line in the figure represents the spraying path. It should be understood that the spraying path in the figure is drawn on the non-spraying part (i.e., the upper edge plate 111, the lower edge plate 112, or the sides of the tenon) just for the convenience of display, and does not represent the actual operation.

[0057] The present invention can prevent the manipulator from continuously moving at too large an angle and triggering a singularity, and reduces the number of times the spraying program is debugged, simplifies the spraying path, greatly improves the spraying efficiency, and shortens the spraying cycle.

[0058] When spraying, the spray gun is perpendicular to the blade in the spraying area. It should be understood that due to the curved surface of the blade, it is not easy to achieve precise verticality. Therefore, in practical applications, it is sufficient to be nearly perpendicular to the spraying point. When spraying the same small spraying area, the spraying angle should be consistent. In addition, when spraying any small spraying area, other small spraying areas should not be exposed in the plane facing the spray gun to avoid cross spraying.

[0059] The starting position of spraying in the back-facing area avoids the area with the largest change in curvature radius. It is worth noting that since the starting position of spraying in the air intake edge area is the boundary position of spraying in the back-facing area, that is, it is equivalent to the starting position of spraying in the back-facing area, if the starting position of spraying in the back-facing area is selected in the area with the largest change in curvature radius, cross-spraying is more likely to occur during spraying. In practical applications, the starting position of spraying in the back-facing area can be any position avoiding the area with the largest change in curvature radius. Preferably, the starting position of spraying in the back-facing area is selected in a place where the change in curvature radius is as small as possible, because the smaller the change in curvature radius is, the closer it is to the plane, which makes it easier to distinguish the regional boundaries during spraying and better avoid the impact of cross-spraying on the uniformity of coating thickness.

[0060] S2. Spray according to the debugging program: thermal spray is performed on the bottom surface of the blade and each small spraying area of ​​the blade body. As an option, when spraying the blade body, thermal spray is performed in the order of the basin area, the back area and the intake edge area to the specified thickness. It is easy to understand that in actual applications, the spraying order of each small spraying area can also be exchanged.

[0061] When spraying the bottom surface of the blade, the spray path is parallel to the blade contour, such as Fig.18As shown (the dotted line in the figure represents the spraying path), taking the bottom surface of the turbine blade 2 as an example, when spraying, the spraying path of the area of ​​the bottom surface of the blade on the side of the blade basin is parallel to the contour of the blade basin. In actual application, the appropriate position close to the blade body is used as the spraying starting point, and the spraying is gradually directed to the part away from the blade body. On this basis, similarly, the spraying path of the area of ​​the bottom surface of the blade on the back side is parallel to the back contour of the blade. In addition, it is easy to understand that the bottom surface of the guide blade 1 is also sprayed according to this method. The upper edge plate 111 is connected to the surface of the blade body, and the lower edge plate 112 is connected to the surface of the blade body. There is no restriction on the spraying order of the two. Spray one of them first, and then flip and spray the other.

[0062] Embodiment 2

[0063] In this embodiment, the sprayed blade is a guide blade 1. At this time, the fixing fixture 3 includes a first support seat, an upper edge shielding box, a plurality of upper edge support blocks 308, a plurality of upper edge limit pins 309, a lower edge shielding box, a plurality of lower edge support blocks 315 and a lower edge limit pin 316.

[0064] The first support seat is fixedly connected to the turntable. Specifically, the first support seat includes a first connecting plate 303, a first support plate 302 and an upper edge base 301. The first support plate 302 is connected between the upper edge base 301 and the first connecting plate 303. The first connecting plate 303 is provided with a connecting hole for connecting to the turntable through fasteners (screws, bolts).

[0065] The upper edge shielding box is fixedly connected to the upper edge base 301, and is used to shield the upper edge plate 111 from being sprayed. The upper edge shielding box of this embodiment is designed to be split, which is convenient for disassembly and assembly. Specifically, the upper edge shielding box includes an upper edge exhaust edge blocking block 304, an upper edge air intake edge blocking block 305, an upper edge basin blocking block 306, and an upper edge back blocking block 307, all of which are connected to the upper edge base 301 by fasteners (such as screws, bolts), and respectively correspond to block the upper edge exhaust edge 103, the upper edge air intake edge 104, the upper edge basin edge 105, and the upper edge back edge 106.

[0066] The upper edge support block 308 is fixedly connected to the upper edge base 301, and is used to support the guide blade 1. In this embodiment, there are two upper edge support blocks 308, with a total of three support points, forming a three-point support; the upper edge limit pin 309 is connected to the upper edge baffle box, and is used to position the guide blade 1. Specifically, as an option, in this embodiment, two upper edge limit pins 309 are connected to the upper edge air intake side blocking block 305, and one is connected to the upper edge exhaust side blocking block 304, which abuts against the lower protrusion 1111 of the upper edge plate 111 and limits its upward movement.

[0067] The lower edge shielding box is used to shield the lower edge plate 112 from being sprayed. The lower edge shielding box of this embodiment is designed to be split, which is convenient for disassembly and assembly. Specifically, the lower edge shielding box includes a lower edge base 310, a lower edge exhaust edge blocking block 311, a lower edge air intake edge blocking block 312, a lower edge basin blocking block 313 and a lower edge back blocking block 314. The lower edge exhaust edge blocking block 311, the lower edge air intake edge blocking block 312, the lower edge basin blocking block 313 and the lower edge back blocking block 314 are all connected to the lower edge base 310 by fasteners (such as screws, bolts), and respectively correspond to block the lower edge exhaust edge 107, the lower edge air intake edge 108, the lower edge basin edge 109 and the lower edge back edge 110.

[0068] The lower edge support block 315 is fixedly connected to the lower edge base 310, and is used to abut against the top of the upper raised portion 1121 at the top of the lower edge plate 112. In this embodiment, the lower edge support block 315 is provided with two, a total of three support points, forming a three-point support. The lower edge limit pin 316 is provided on the lower edge shielding box, and cooperates with the groove 1122 of the upper raised portion 1121 at the top of the lower edge plate 112 to limit the lower edge shielding box from separating from the guide blade 1, that is, to limit the upward displacement of the lower edge shielding box. Furthermore, in this embodiment, a tightening bolt 317 is connected between the lower edge exhaust side blocking block 311 and the lower edge air intake side blocking block 312, and the lower edge exhaust side blocking block 311 and the lower edge air intake side blocking block 312 are tightened by the nut.

[0069] Embodiment 3

[0070] In this embodiment, the blade to be sprayed is a turbine blade 2 , and the fixing fixture 3 includes a second supporting seat, a tenon shielding box, a positioning seat 325 and a positioning block 326 .

[0071] The second support seat is fixedly connected to the turntable. Specifically, the second support seat includes a second connecting plate 320, a second support plate 319 and a tenon base 318. The second support plate 319 is connected between the tenon base 318 and the second connecting plate 320. The second connecting plate 320 is provided with a connecting hole for connecting to the turntable through fasteners (screws, bolts).

[0072] The tenon shielding box is fixedly connected to the second support seat, and is used to shield the four sides of the tenon to prevent it from being sprayed. The tenon shielding box of this embodiment is designed to be split, which is convenient for disassembly and assembly. The tenon shielding box includes a tenon exhaust edge sealing block 321, a tenon air intake edge sealing block 322, a tenon basin sealing block 323 and a tenon back sealing block 324, all of which are connected to the tenon base 318 through fasteners (screws, bolts), and respectively correspond to the tenon exhaust edge 201, the tenon air intake edge 202, the tenon basin edge 203 and the tenon back edge 204.

[0073] The positioning seat 325 is provided with a tooth groove that cooperates with the tenon to achieve the vertical positioning of the tenon. The positioning block 326 is fixedly connected to the positioning seat 325 and abuts against one end of the tenon to achieve the positioning of the tenon in the length direction of the tooth.

[0074] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for thermal spraying a blade coating, wherein the blade is clamped and fixed by a fixing fixture, the fixing fixture is mounted on a turntable, the spray gun is mounted on a manipulator, and the manipulator and the turntable are mounted on a workbench of the spraying equipment, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Debugging the robot program: dividing the blade body spraying area into three small spraying areas, namely, the basin area, the back area and the air inlet side area. The air inlet side area is the area other than the basin area and the back area. For the basin area, the spraying start position is the leading edge, and the spraying path is parallel to the leading edge; For the dorsal area, a target position is selected on the dorsal side of the blade as the starting position for spraying, and the spraying path is perpendicular to the workbench; For the air inlet edge area, the spraying start position is the boundary position of the back area spraying, and the spraying path is perpendicular to the workbench; S2. Spraying according to the debugging procedure: thermal spraying is performed on the bottom surface of the blade and each small spraying area of ​​the blade body.

2. The blade coating thermal spraying method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When spraying the underside of the blade, the spray path is parallel to the blade contour.

3. The blade coating thermal spraying method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spraying start position of the back-facing area should avoid the area with the largest change in curvature radius.

4. The blade coating thermal spraying method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When spraying, the spray gun should be perpendicular to the blade.

5. The blade coating thermal spraying method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When spraying the same small spray area, the spray angle is consistent.

6. The blade coating thermal spraying method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: When the blade is a guide blade, the fixing fixture includes: A first support seat, fixedly connected to the turntable; An upper edge shielding box used to shield the upper edge plate around the upper edge, which is fixedly connected to the first support seat; A plurality of upper edge support blocks, fixedly connected to the first support seat, for supporting the guide blades; A plurality of upper edge limit pins connected to the upper edge shielding box for positioning the guide blades; A lower edge shielding box for shielding the lower edge plate around; A plurality of lower edge support blocks, fixedly connected to the lower edge shielding box, and used to abut against the top of the upper raised portion on the top of the lower edge plate; and The lower edge limiting pin is arranged on the lower edge shielding box and cooperates with the groove of the upper raised part on the top of the lower edge plate to limit the separation of the lower edge shielding box and the guide blade.

7. The blade coating thermal spraying method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper edge shielding box includes an upper edge exhaust side blocking block, an upper edge intake side blocking block, an upper edge basin blocking block and an upper edge back blocking block, all of which are connected to the first support seat through fasteners.

8. The blade coating thermal spraying method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lower edge shielding box includes a lower edge base, a lower edge exhaust side blocking block, a lower edge air intake side blocking block, a lower edge basin blocking block and a lower edge back blocking block. The lower edge exhaust side blocking block, the lower edge air intake side blocking block, the lower edge basin blocking block and the lower edge back blocking block are all connected to the lower edge base through fasteners.

9. The blade coating thermal spraying method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: When the blade is a turbine blade, the fixing fixture comprises: A second supporting seat, fixedly connected to the turntable; A tenon shielding box for shielding the periphery of the tenon, which is fixedly connected to the second support seat; The positioning seat is provided with tooth grooves matching the tenon teeth, and the positioning seat is fixedly connected to the second support; The positioning block is fixedly connected to the positioning seat and abuts against one end of the tenon.

10. The blade coating thermal spraying method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The tenon shielding box includes a tenon exhaust side sealing block, a tenon intake side sealing block, a tenon basin sealing block and a tenon back sealing block, all of which are connected to the second support seat by fasteners.

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