Building basement waterproof structure suitable for complex terrain and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, and discloses a building basement waterproof structure suitable for complex terrains and a construction method thereof.The building basement waterproof structure suitable for the complex terrains comprises a basement channel and a basement entrance formed in one side of the basement channel; longitudinal mounting boxes are embedded in the two sides of an inner cavity of the basement entrance, and a transverse mounting box and a drainage box are embedded in the bottom of the inner cavity of the basement entrance. By arranging the movable transverse stop levers and the longitudinal stop levers, when the cover plate seals the basement entrance, the cover plate is attached to the transverse stop levers and the longitudinal stop levers, and when the cover plate is in an open state, the transverse stop levers are contained in the transverse mounting boxes, and the longitudinal stop levers are contained in the longitudinal mounting boxes, so that the situation that passing of vehicles is affected by the existence of the transverse stop levers and the longitudinal stop levers is avoided; the cover plate is arranged at the top of the inner cavity of the basement entrance, so that vehicles cannot press the cover plate when passing, and the situation that the sealing performance is affected by deformation of the cover plate is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building construction, and specifically to a waterproof structure for a building basement applicable to complex terrains and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Due to the low terrain of building basements, during the flood season or heavy rainstorms, rainwater often accumulates and flows into the basement entrance, resulting in serious internal waterlogging. This situation can not only flood vehicles and facilities but also may cause property losses. Therefore, it is crucial to take effective waterproof measures to ensure the basement remains dry and safe under complex terrain conditions.

[0003] Chinese Patent CN115288074A discloses a waterproof structure and construction method for a building basement entrance, which relates to the field of foundation structure protection. The waterproof structure includes: a U-shaped wall surrounding three sides of the basement entrance; a top wall cooperating with the U-shaped wall to form a passage; a cover plate provided with a hinge shaft hinged to the U-shaped wall, and the cover plate can be flipped around the hinge shaft to cover the opening of the passage; a driving block provided on the side of the cover plate facing away from the basement entrance, a drainage groove is provided on the lower side at the opening of the passage, and the driving block can rotate around the hinge shaft in the drainage groove, and the driving block has a water receiving groove; a transmission cylinder rotatably connected to the U-shaped wall along its circumferential direction, and a receiving groove for receiving the transmission cylinder is provided on the U-shaped wall; a sealing flap axially provided on the outer peripheral wall of the transmission cylinder, an embedding groove is provided on the U-shaped wall, and the embedding groove communicates with the receiving groove; a dial plate fixed on the outer peripheral wall of the transmission cylinder; and a locking component. This application has the effect of simplifying the waterproofing of the basement entrance and making it difficult for accumulated water to enter the basement through the basement entrance.

[0004] When the ground waterlogging is serious during the flood season, this solution uses the driving block to prompt the cover plate to rotate upward around the hinge shaft to close the passage opening and uses the locking component for fixation. However, since the cover plate is directly set on the ground and vehicles drive over the cover plate when entering the basement, the pressure of the vehicle may cause the cover plate to deform, thereby reducing the sealing performance during subsequent use. Moreover, in order to ensure the water blocking effect, the cover plate needs to have a certain strength, so its own weight is relatively large. The upward rotation method from bottom to top will increase the force required to drive the cover plate to rotate and also correspondingly increase the requirements for the driving components.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a waterproof structure for a building basement applicable to complex terrains and a construction method thereof to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a building basement waterproof structure suitable for complex terrain and a construction method thereof. By arranging a cover plate at the top of the inner cavity of the basement entrance, vehicles will not be pressed on the cover plate when passing through, and by arranging a drive assembly, a first transmission assembly and a second transmission assembly, the cover plate can be automatically closed to waterproof in response to flood conditions.

[0007] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions: A waterproof structure for a building basement suitable for complex terrain, comprising a basement passage and a basement entrance arranged on one side of the basement passage, longitudinal installation boxes are embedded and installed on both sides of the inner cavity of the basement entrance, a transverse installation box and a drainage box are embedded and installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the basement entrance, a longitudinal baffle is slidably installed inside the longitudinal installation box, a transverse baffle is slidably installed inside the transverse installation box, a connecting shaft is rotatably installed at the top position between the two longitudinal installation boxes, a cover plate is arranged at the top position of the inner cavity of the basement entrance, one side of the cover plate is connected to the connecting shaft, a locking assembly for locking the cover plate is arranged on the top of the longitudinal installation box, a driving assembly for driving the transverse baffle to move is arranged in the drainage box, and a first transmission assembly for driving the longitudinal baffle to move is arranged at both ends of the transverse baffle.

[0008] The present invention is further configured as follows: the driving assembly includes a floating frame, a sliding rod and a connecting column, the floating frame is arranged inside the drainage box, the floating frame is a hollow structure, a transmission box is fixedly installed on the side wall of the drainage box, and the top wall of the transmission box is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the horizontal installation box, a sliding rod is slidably arranged inside the transmission box, one end of the sliding rod extends into the drainage box and is fixedly connected to the floating frame, the other end of the sliding rod is fixedly installed with a connecting column, and the top end of the connecting column extends into the horizontal installation box and is fixedly connected to the cross bar.

[0009] The present invention is further configured as follows: the first transmission assembly includes a first articulated seat, a second articulated seat and a transmission plate, both ends of the transverse bar are fixedly installed with connecting blocks, the first articulated seat is fixedly installed on the top of the connecting block, the second articulated seat is fixedly installed on one side of the bottom end of the longitudinal bar, one end of the transmission plate is hinged to the first articulated seat, and the other end of the transmission plate is hinged to the second articulated seat.

[0010] The present invention is further configured as follows: a drainage groove, a transmission groove and a transverse installation groove are provided on the bottom inner wall of the basement entrance, the transverse installation box is arranged in the transverse installation groove, the drainage box is arranged in the drainage groove, the transmission box is arranged in the transmission groove, longitudinal installation grooves are provided on the inner walls on both sides of the basement entrance, and the longitudinal installation box is arranged in the longitudinal installation groove.

[0011] The present invention is further configured as follows: a box cover is arranged on the top of the drainage box, a trash rack is arranged on the box cover, and an inclined surface is provided on the inner side of the top of the floating frame.

[0012] The present invention is further configured as follows: a sealing gasket is fixedly installed on the bottom of the cover plate, and when the cover plate closes the basement entrance, the sealing gasket is in contact with the horizontal blocking rod and the vertical blocking rod.

[0013] The present invention is further configured as follows: the locking assembly includes a mounting seat, a first spring and a one-way block, the top wall of the one-way block is in contact with the bottom wall of the cover plate, the mounting seat is embedded and installed on one side of the top of the longitudinal mounting box, a cavity is provided inside the mounting seat, the one-way block is slidably installed in the cavity inside the mounting seat, one end of the one-way block extends out of the mounting seat, the cavity inside the mounting seat is provided with a first spring, and the one-way block is elastically connected to the inner wall of the cavity through the first spring.

[0014] The present invention is further configured as follows: a second transmission assembly is provided at the top of the inner cavity of the longitudinal installation box, and the second transmission assembly is transmission-connected with the locking assembly; the second transmission assembly includes a rack, a rotating shaft, a gear, a traction wheel and a traction rope, the rotating shaft is rotatably installed at the top of the inner cavity of the longitudinal installation box, the gear and the traction wheel are fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft, a rack is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the longitudinal blocking rod, the rack is meshed with the gear, one end of the traction rope is fixedly connected to the one-way block, and the other end of the traction rope is fixedly connected to the traction wheel.

[0015] The present invention is further configured as follows: sliding grooves are provided on both sides of the cover plate, a plurality of magnetic blocks are slidably installed inside the sliding grooves, two adjacent magnetic blocks are elastically connected by a second spring, and two adjacent magnetic blocks are magnetically attracted to each other, a magnetic block closest to the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove, a counterweight block is fixedly installed on one side of a magnetic block farthest from the connecting shaft, and iron plates are embedded and installed inside the longitudinal baffle rods and the transverse baffle rods.

[0016] The above-mentioned construction method of a building basement waterproof structure suitable for complex terrain comprises the following steps: S1. When constructing the basement entrance, reserve drainage grooves, horizontal installation grooves and transmission grooves at the bottom wall of the basement entrance, and reserve longitudinal installation grooves on the inner walls on both sides of the basement; S2. After the drainage box, transmission box, horizontal installation box, vertical installation box and cover plate are assembled, they are embedded in the basement entrance; S3. Fill the gap between the drainage box and the horizontal installation box with concrete, and then cap the basement entrance.

[0017] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: by arranging movable transverse and longitudinal bars, when the cover plate closes the basement entrance, the cover plate fits with the transverse and longitudinal bars, and when the cover plate is in an open state, the transverse bars are stored in the transverse mounting box, and the longitudinal bars are stored in the longitudinal mounting box, so as to avoid the existence of the transverse and longitudinal bars affecting the passage of vehicles; by arranging the cover plate on the top of the inner cavity of the basement entrance, vehicles will not be pressed on the cover plate when passing, so as to avoid the deformation of the cover plate affecting the sealing performance; and when the cover plate is in a horizontal state, the cover plate partially extends out of the basement entrance, so that the cover plate The cover plate can play a certain shielding role to prevent leaves and other debris from falling into the drainage box, and during the flood season, the driving assembly and the first transmission assembly can drive the horizontal bar and the longitudinal bar to move and extend, and the locking assembly can automatically release the lock of the cover plate under the action of the second transmission assembly, so that the cover plate can automatically close the basement entrance, and can automatically respond to flood conditions for waterproofing, effectively avoiding the basement from being flooded, and during construction, it is only necessary to reserve an installation groove in the installation area, and then install the device in the designated position. The construction is relatively convenient, suitable for various complex terrains, and can effectively improve the waterproof performance of the basement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention after removing the basement entrance and basement passage; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the basement entrance of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the drainage box of the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point A; Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the locking assembly and the second transmission assembly of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of a top cross-sectional structure of a cover plate of the present invention; Fig. 9 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at B.

[0019] In the figure: 1, basement entrance; 101, drainage trough; 102, longitudinal mounting groove; 103, transverse mounting groove; 104, transmission groove; 2, basement passage; 3, drainage box; 4, transverse mounting box; 5, longitudinal mounting box; 6, transmission box; 7, cover plate; 701, slide groove; 8, connecting shaft; 9, cross bar; 10, longitudinal bar; 11, connecting block; 12, first hinge seat; 13, second hinge seat; 14, transmission plate; 15, floating frame; 1501, inclined surface; 16, slide bar; 17, connecting column; 18, box cover; 19, trash rack; 20, mounting seat; 21, one-way block; 22, first spring; 23, rotating shaft; 24, traction wheel; 25, traction rope; 26, gear; 27, rack; 28, magnet; 29, second spring; 30, counterweight; 31, sealing gasket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0021] See also Figures 1 to 6In an embodiment of the present invention, a waterproof structure of a building basement suitable for complex terrain includes an inclined basement passage 2 and a basement entrance 1 arranged on one side of the basement passage 2, longitudinal installation boxes 5 are embedded and installed on both sides of the inner cavity of the basement entrance 1, and a transverse installation box 4 and a drainage box 3 are embedded and installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the basement entrance 1, and the drainage box 3 is arranged on the outside, and a longitudinal baffle 10 is slidably installed inside the longitudinal installation box 5, and a transverse baffle 9 is slidably installed inside the transverse installation box 4, and a connecting shaft 8 is rotatably installed at the top position between the two longitudinal installation boxes 5, a cover plate 7 is arranged at the top position of the inner cavity of the basement entrance 1, one side of the cover plate 7 is connected to the connecting shaft 8, and a locking component for locking the cover plate 7 is arranged on the top of the longitudinal installation box 5, and a driving component for driving the transverse baffle 9 to move is arranged in the drainage box 3, and a first transmission component for driving the longitudinal baffle 10 to move is arranged at both ends of the transverse baffle 9; by arranging movable transverse baffle 9 and The longitudinal baffle 10 makes the cover plate 7 fit with the transverse baffle 9 and the longitudinal baffle 10 when the cover plate 7 closes the basement entrance 1 to improve the sealing performance. When the cover plate 7 is in the open state, the transverse baffle 9 is stored in the transverse mounting box 4, and the longitudinal baffle 10 is stored in the longitudinal mounting box 5 to avoid the existence of the transverse baffle 9 and the longitudinal baffle 10 affecting the passage of vehicles. By setting the cover plate 7 at the top of the inner cavity of the basement entrance 1, vehicles will not press on the cover plate 7 when passing, so as to avoid the deformation of the cover plate 7 affecting the sealing performance. When the cover plate 7 is in a horizontal state, the cover plate 7 partially extends out of the basement entrance 1, so that the cover plate 7 can play a certain shielding role to prevent leaves and other debris from falling into the drainage box 3. In the flood season, the driving assembly and the first transmission assembly can drive the transverse baffle 9 and the longitudinal baffle 10 to move and extend. The locking assembly can automatically release the lock of the cover plate 7 under the action of the second transmission assembly, so that the cover plate 7 can automatically close the basement entrance 1, can automatically respond to flood conditions for waterproofing, and effectively avoid the basement from being flooded.

[0022] In this embodiment, preferably, the driving assembly includes a floating frame 15, a sliding rod 16 and a connecting column 17. The floating frame 15 is arranged inside the drainage box 3. The floating frame 15 is a hollow structure, so that the overall density of the floating frame 15 is much smaller than the density of water. The side wall of the drainage box 3 is fixedly installed with a transmission box 6, and the top wall of the transmission box 6 is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the horizontal installation box 4. The transmission box 6 is slidably provided with a sliding rod 16 inside, and the sliding rod 16 can slide up and down. One end of the sliding rod 16 extends into the drainage box 3 and is fixedly connected to the floating frame 15, and the other end of the sliding rod 16 is fixedly installed with a connecting column 17, and the top end of the connecting column 17 extends into the horizontal installation box 4 and is fixedly connected to the cross bar 9; during the flood season, if the ground is seriously flooded, it is difficult for the drainage box 3 to discharge the incoming rainwater. At this time, the water level in the drainage box 3 is high. Under the buoyancy of the water, the floating frame 15 moves upward, thereby driving the sliding rod 16 to move upward. When the sliding rod 16 moves upward, it drives the cross bar 9 to move upward through the connecting column 17.

[0023] In this embodiment, preferably, the first transmission assembly includes a first hinge seat 12, a second hinge seat 13 and a transmission plate 14, and connecting blocks 11 are fixedly installed at both ends of the cross bar 9, the first hinge seat 12 is fixedly installed at the top of the connecting block 11, and the second hinge seat 13 is fixedly installed at one side of the bottom end of the longitudinal bar 10, one end of the transmission plate 14 is hinged to the first hinge seat 12, and the other end of the transmission plate 14 is hinged to the second hinge seat 13; the top of the transmission plate 14 is inclined toward the side close to the cross bar 9, so that when the cross bar 9 moves upward, the connecting block 11 drives the first hinge seat 12 to move upward, so that the bottom end of the transmission plate 14 moves upward, and the longitudinal bar 10 can only move horizontally, so that the second hinge seat 13 can only move horizontally, so when the bottom end of the transmission plate 14 moves upward, it pushes the second hinge seat 13 to move horizontally, so that the two longitudinal bars 10 are close to each other.

[0024] In this embodiment, preferably, a drainage groove 101, a transmission groove 104 and a transverse installation groove 103 are provided on the bottom inner wall of the basement entrance 1, the transverse installation box 4 is arranged in the transverse installation groove 103, the drainage box 3 is arranged in the drainage groove 101, the transmission box 6 is arranged in the transmission groove 104, and longitudinal installation grooves 102 are provided on both sides of the inner wall of the basement entrance 1, and the longitudinal installation grooves 102 are reserved at the bottom wall of the basement entrance 1, and longitudinal installation grooves 102 are reserved on both sides of the inner wall of the basement. After the drainage box 3, the transmission box 6, the transverse installation box 4, the longitudinal installation box 5 and the cover plate 7 are assembled, they are embedded and installed in the basement entrance 1, and then the gap between the drainage box 3 and the transverse installation box 4 is filled with concrete. During construction, it is only necessary to reserve an installation groove in the installation area, and then install the device at the designated position. The construction is relatively convenient, suitable for various complex terrains, and can effectively improve the waterproof performance of the basement.

[0025] In this embodiment, preferably, a sealing gasket 31 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the cover plate 7. When the cover plate 7 closes the basement entrance 1, the sealing gasket 31 fits with the horizontal bar 9 and the vertical bar 10, thereby improving the sealing performance.

[0026] In this embodiment, preferably, a box cover 18 is provided on the top of the drainage box 3, and a trash rack 19 is provided on the box cover 18. The inner side of the top of the floating frame 15 is provided with an inclined surface 1501, and large-sized impurities can be filtered through the trash rack 19. The trash rack 19 is located directly above the inner space of the floating frame 15, and when water flows downward into the drainage box 3 through the trash rack 19, the water flow will not impact the floating frame 15, preventing the water flow from affecting the buoyancy of the floating frame 15, and by providing the inclined surface 1501 on the inner side of the top of the floating frame 15, some impurities can be prevented from adhering to the top of the floating frame 15.

[0027] See also Figure 5 and Figure 7 In the embodiment of the present invention, the locking assembly includes a mounting seat 20, a first spring 22 and a one-way block 21. One side of the bottom of the one-way block 21 is inclined, and the top wall of the one-way block 21 is in contact with the bottom wall of the cover plate 7. The mounting seat 20 is embedded and installed on one side of the top of the longitudinal mounting box 5. A cavity is provided inside the mounting seat 20. The one-way block 21 is slidably installed in the cavity inside the mounting seat 20. One end of the one-way block 21 extends out of the mounting seat 20. The cavity inside the mounting seat 20 is provided with a first spring 22, and the one-way block 21 is elastically connected to the inner wall of the cavity through the first spring 22.

[0028] In this embodiment, preferably, a second transmission assembly is provided at the top of the inner cavity of the longitudinal installation box 5, and the second transmission assembly is transmission-connected with the locking assembly; the second transmission assembly includes a rack 27, a rotating shaft 23, a gear 26, a traction wheel 24 and a traction rope 25, the rotating shaft 23 is rotatably installed at the top of the inner cavity of the longitudinal installation box 5, the rotating shaft 23 is fixedly sleeved with a gear 26 and a traction wheel 24, a rack 27 is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the longitudinal blocking rod 10, the rack 27 is meshed with the gear 26, one end of the traction rope 25 is fixedly connected to the one-way block 21, and the other end of the traction rope 25 is fixedly connected to the traction wheel 24; when the two When the longitudinal blocking rods 10 are close to each other, the longitudinal blocking rod 10 drives the rack 27 to move. When the rack 27 moves, it drives the rotating shaft 23 to rotate through the gear 26. When the rotating shaft 23 rotates, it drives the traction wheel 24 to rotate. When the traction wheel 24 rotates, it drives the one-way block 21 to move through the traction rope 25, so that the one-way block 21 moves into the cavity of the mounting seat 20, thereby releasing the lock on the cover plate 7, so that the cover plate 7 rotates under the action of its own gravity and fits on the transverse blocking rod 9 and the longitudinal blocking rod 10, so as to seal the basement entrance 1. Through the setting of the one-way block 21, after the flood situation is over, the cover plate 7 can be pushed upward to rotate to pass the one-way block 21 to reset the cover plate 7.

[0029] See also Figure 8 and Fig. 9 In the embodiment of the present invention, both sides of the cover plate 7 are provided with a slide groove 701, and a plurality of magnetic blocks 28 are slidably installed inside the slide groove 701. Two adjacent magnetic blocks 28 are elastically connected by a second spring 29, and the two adjacent magnetic blocks 28 are magnetically attracted to each other. The magnetic block 28 closest to the connecting shaft 8 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the slide groove 701, and a counterweight block 30 is fixedly installed on one side of the magnetic block 28 farthest from the connecting shaft 8. Iron plates (not shown in the figure) are embedded and installed inside the longitudinal blocking rod 10 and the transverse blocking rod 9. When the cover plate 7 is in a horizontal state, under the action of the magnetic force between the magnetic blocks 28, the second spring 29 is in a compressed state, and the plurality of magnetic blocks 28 are arranged inside the cover plate 7 near the connecting shaft. 8, so that the multiple magnetic blocks 28 will not be located on the side of the cover plate 7 extending from the basement entrance 1, which is easy to prevent iron filings in the external environment from adhering to the cover plate 7, and when the cover plate 7 is rotated to a vertical state, under the action of the gravity of the counterweight block 30, the counterweight block 30 slides downward, so that the multiple second springs 29 gradually extend, and the multiple magnetic blocks 28 move away from each other. When the cover plate 7 is in contact with the longitudinal baffle 10, the magnetic blocks 28 and the longitudinal baffle 10 are magnetically attracted to each other, so that the pressure between the sealing gasket 31 and the longitudinal baffle 10 and the transverse baffle 9 increases to improve the sealing performance, and when the cover plate 7 is in a vertical state, the distance between the magnetic blocks 28 increases, so that the magnetic blocks 28 generate suction on each position of the longitudinal baffle 10, thereby improving the uniformity of pressure at each location.

[0030] The invention also discloses a construction method for a building basement waterproof structure suitable for complex terrain, comprising the following steps: S1. When constructing the basement entrance 1, a drainage groove 101, a horizontal installation groove 103 and a transmission groove 104 are reserved at the bottom wall of the basement entrance 1, and a longitudinal installation groove 102 is reserved on both sides of the inner wall of the basement; S2. After the drainage box 3, the transmission box 6, the horizontal mounting box 4, the vertical mounting box 5 and the cover plate 7 are assembled and embedded in the basement entrance 1; S3. Fill the gap between the drainage box 3 and the horizontal installation box 4 with concrete, and then cap the basement entrance 1.

[0031] Working principle: During the flood season, if the ground is seriously flooded, it is difficult for the drainage box 3 to drain the rainwater that enters. At this time, the water level in the drainage box 3 is high. Under the buoyancy of the water, the floating frame 15 moves upward, thereby driving the slide bar 16 to move upward. When the slide bar 16 moves upward, it drives the cross bar 9 to move upward through the connecting column 17. When the cross bar 9 moves upward, the connecting block 11 drives the first hinge seat 12 to move upward, so that the bottom end of the transmission plate 14 moves upward, while the longitudinal bar 10 can only move horizontally, so that the second hinge seat 13 can only move horizontally. Therefore, when the bottom end of the transmission plate 14 moves upward, it pushes the second hinge seat 13 to move horizontally, so that The two longitudinal blocking rods 10 are close to each other, so that the transverse blocking rod 9 and the longitudinal blocking rod 10 are extended from the installation box; and when the two longitudinal blocking rods 10 are close to each other, the longitudinal blocking rod 10 drives the rack 27 to move, and when the rack 27 moves, it drives the rotating shaft 23 to rotate through the gear 26, and when the rotating shaft 23 rotates, it drives the traction wheel 24 to rotate, and when the traction wheel 24 rotates, it drives the one-way block 21 to move through the traction rope 25, so that the one-way block 21 moves into the cavity of the mounting seat 20, thereby releasing the lock on the cover plate 7, so that the cover plate 7 rotates under the action of its own gravity and fits on the transverse blocking rod 9 and the longitudinal blocking rod 10, thereby sealing the basement entrance 1.

[0032] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, so all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the structure, characteristics and principles described in the scope of the patent application of the present invention are included in the scope of the patent application of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waterproof structure for a building basement suitable for complex terrain, comprising a basement passage (2) and a basement entrance (1) arranged on one side of the basement passage (2), characterized in that: A longitudinal installation box (5) is embedded and installed on both sides of the inner cavity of the basement entrance (1), a transverse installation box (4) and a drainage box (3) are embedded and installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the basement entrance (1), a longitudinal baffle (10) is slidably installed inside the longitudinal installation box (5), a transverse baffle (9) is slidably installed inside the transverse installation box (4), a connecting shaft (8) is rotatably installed at the top position between the two longitudinal installation boxes (5), a cover plate (7) is arranged at the top position of the inner cavity of the basement entrance (1), one side of the cover plate (7) is connected to the connecting shaft (8), a locking component for locking the cover plate (7) is arranged at the top of the longitudinal installation box (5), a driving component for driving the transverse baffle (9) to move is arranged in the drainage box (3), and first transmission components for driving the longitudinal baffle (10) to move are arranged at both ends of the transverse baffle (9).

2. A waterproof structure for building basements suitable for complex terrain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly comprises a floating frame (15), a sliding rod (16) and a connecting column (17); the floating frame (15) is arranged inside the drainage box (3); the floating frame (15) is a hollow structure; a transmission box (6) is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the drainage box (3); and the top wall of the transmission box (6) is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the transverse mounting box (4); a sliding rod (16) is slidably mounted inside the transmission box (6); one end of the sliding rod (16) extends into the drainage box (3) and is fixedly connected to the floating frame (15); the other end of the sliding rod (16) is fixedly mounted with a connecting column (17); the top end of the connecting column (17) extends into the transverse mounting box (4) and is fixedly connected to the cross bar (9).

3. A waterproof structure for building basements suitable for complex terrain according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first transmission assembly comprises a first articulated seat (12), a second articulated seat (13) and a transmission plate (14); both ends of the transverse bar (9) are fixedly mounted with connecting blocks (11); the first articulated seat (12) is fixedly mounted on the top of the connecting block (11); the second articulated seat (13) is fixedly mounted on one side of the bottom end of the longitudinal bar (10); one end of the transmission plate (14) is articulated to the first articulated seat (12); and the other end of the transmission plate (14) is articulated to the second articulated seat (13).

4. The waterproof structure for building basements suitable for complex terrain according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom inner wall of the basement entrance (1) is provided with a drainage groove (101), a transmission groove (104) and a transverse installation groove (103); the transverse installation box (4) is arranged in the transverse installation groove (103); the drainage box (3) is arranged in the drainage groove (101); the transmission box (6) is arranged in the transmission groove (104); the inner walls on both sides of the basement entrance (1) are provided with longitudinal installation grooves (102); and the longitudinal installation box (5) is arranged in the longitudinal installation grooves (102).

5. The waterproof structure for building basements suitable for complex terrain according to claim 2, characterized in that: A box cover (18) is provided on the top of the drainage box (3), a trash rack (19) is provided on the box cover (18), and an inclined surface (1501) is provided on the inner side of the top of the floating frame (15).

6. The waterproof structure for building basements suitable for complex terrain according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing gasket (31) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the cover plate (7). When the cover plate (7) closes the basement entrance (1), the sealing gasket (31) abuts against the horizontal blocking rod (9) and the vertical blocking rod (10).

7. The waterproof structure for building basements suitable for complex terrain according to claim 3, characterized in that: The locking assembly comprises a mounting seat (20), a first spring (22) and a one-way stopper (21); the top wall of the one-way stopper (21) is in contact with the bottom wall of the cover plate (7); the mounting seat (20) is embedded and mounted on one side of the top of the longitudinal mounting box (5); a cavity is provided inside the mounting seat (20); the one-way stopper (21) is slidably mounted in the cavity inside the mounting seat (20); one end of the one-way stopper (21) extends out of the mounting seat (20); the cavity inside the mounting seat (20) is provided with a first spring (22); the one-way stopper (21) is elastically connected to the inner wall of the cavity via the first spring (22).

8. The waterproof structure for building basements suitable for complex terrain according to claim 7, characterized in that: A second transmission assembly is arranged at the top of the inner cavity of the longitudinal installation box (5), and the second transmission assembly is in transmission connection with the locking assembly; the second transmission assembly comprises a rack (27), a rotating shaft (23), a gear (26), a traction wheel (24) and a traction rope (25); the rotating shaft (23) is rotatably mounted at the top of the inner cavity of the longitudinal installation box (5); the gear (26) and the traction wheel (24) are fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft (23); a rack (27) is fixedly mounted on one side of the top of the longitudinal blocking rod (10), and the rack (27) is meshed with the gear (26); one end of the traction rope (25) is fixedly connected to the one-way stopper (21), and the other end of the traction rope (25) is fixedly connected to the traction wheel (24).

9. The waterproof structure for building basements suitable for complex terrain according to claim 1, characterized in that: Slide grooves (701) are provided on both sides of the cover plate (7), and a plurality of magnetic blocks (28) are slidably mounted inside the slide grooves (701). Two adjacent magnetic blocks (28) are elastically connected via a second spring (29), and the two adjacent magnetic blocks (28) are magnetically attracted to each other. The magnetic block (28) closest to the connecting shaft (8) is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the slide groove (701), and a counterweight block (30) is fixedly mounted on one side of the magnetic block (28) farthest from the connecting shaft (8). Iron plates are embedded and mounted inside the longitudinal blocking rod (10) and the transverse blocking rod (9).

10. A construction method for a building basement waterproof structure suitable for complex terrain using any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. When constructing the basement entrance (1), a drainage groove (101), a horizontal installation groove (103) and a transmission groove (104) are reserved at the bottom wall of the basement entrance (1), and longitudinal installation grooves (102) are reserved on the inner walls of both sides of the basement; S2. After the drainage box (3), the transmission box (6), the horizontal mounting box (4), the longitudinal mounting box (5) and the cover plate (7) are assembled and embedded in the basement entrance (1); S3. Fill the gap between the drainage box (3) and the horizontal installation box (4) with concrete, and then cap the basement entrance (1).

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