A method for constructing floodlighting on a TPO waterproof curved steel structure roof.

Abstract

This invention provides a method for constructing floodlighting on a TPO waterproof curved steel structure roof, belonging to the field of building construction technology. The method includes the following steps: collecting relevant parameters and using an optimization model to determine the pipeline layout, generating BIM drawings; on-site measurement and positioning; fabricating and installing rubber pads; installing cable trays; installing pipelines on the rubber pads; laying cables and waterproofing; refining the lighting fixture installation details; determining the lighting fixture bracket parameters using parametric equations; and fabricating and installing the lighting fixture brackets. This method combines parameter optimization, BIM technology, precise measurement, and customized design to achieve efficient and precise installation of roof floodlighting pipelines. It also considers factors such as waterproofing, load-bearing capacity, and aesthetics. While meeting lighting requirements, it also fully considers pipeline layout and waterproofing performance, solving the technical problem of achieving floodlighting on curved steel structure roofs while simultaneously meeting the requirements of reasonable pipeline layout and waterproofing performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of building construction technology, and specifically relates to a method for constructing floodlighting for Tpo waterproof curved steel structure roofs. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, people have placed increasingly higher demands on the functionality, aesthetics, and environmental friendliness of buildings. Curved steel structures, as a new type of roofing technology, have gradually gained widespread application in the construction field due to their advantages such as high load-bearing capacity, beautiful shapes, and rapid construction. At the same time, with the popularization of energy conservation and emission reduction concepts, the installation of floodlighting systems on curved steel structure roofs has become an inevitable trend.

[0003] Currently, there are two main types of floodlighting commonly used on curved steel structure roofs: one is to hang the lighting fixtures directly above the roof, and the other is to install the lighting fixtures at the eaves. Both methods have certain drawbacks: directly hung lighting fixtures can obstruct the view from the roof, affecting the overall aesthetics of the building; while lighting fixtures installed at the eaves, although they do not obstruct the view, have a poorer lighting effect due to their greater distance from the radiating surface, failing to meet the requirements for uniform floodlighting.

[0004] Furthermore, installing floodlighting systems on curved steel roof structures requires consideration of numerous factors, including piping and waterproofing. Conventional piping layouts often employ simple parallel or radial arrangements, failing to fully utilize the limited roof space and resulting in dense, congested piping that can easily damage the existing waterproofing layer. This not only affects the safety and reliability of the floodlighting system but also increases the difficulty of subsequent maintenance.

[0005] Therefore, how to achieve floodlighting on curved steel structure roofs while meeting the requirements of reasonable pipeline layout and waterproof performance is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides a method for constructing floodlighting on a Tpo waterproof curved steel structure roof, which can solve the technical problem that it is difficult to achieve floodlighting on a curved steel structure roof in the existing technology, while meeting the requirements of reasonable pipeline layout and waterproof performance.

[0007] This invention is implemented as follows:

[0008] This invention provides a method for constructing floodlighting for a Tpo waterproof curved steel structure roof, comprising the following steps:

[0009] S10. Collect relevant parameters of pipeline layout, including roof curvature, number of pipelines, pipeline specifications, load requirements and waterproof layer thickness. Use the pipeline layout optimization model to determine the fixed spacing of pipelines and the location of fixing devices. Use BIM software to comprehensively arrange the roof floodlighting pipelines to obtain BIM drawings.

[0010] S20. Based on the BIM drawings, conduct on-site measurements and positioning of pipeline installation locations and fixing devices. Specifically, this includes: establishing an evenly spaced grid coordinate system on the roof; using a total station or laser rangefinder to measure the exact location of the start and end points of each pipeline within the grid coordinate system; calculating the optimal fixing device location based on the pipeline layout optimization model; marking the corresponding grid locations; and recording the measured coordinates of the pipeline start and end points and the fixing device locations in a logbook.

[0011] S30. Fabricate rubber pads, the cross-section of which is trapezoidal; attach the rubber pads to the TPO waterproof membrane using a special adhesive; specifically, this includes: cutting rubber material into trapezoidal pads with a short side length of 100 mm, a long side length of 150 mm, and a height of 100 mm; applying a special epoxy resin adhesive to the installation position above the TPO waterproof membrane on the roof; attaching the fabricated rubber pads one by one to the adhesive-coated positions, with a spacing of 1500 mm; after the adhesive has completely cured, inspecting the attached rubber pads to ensure they are firmly attached to the roof waterproof layer;

[0012] S40. Install the cable tray, fixing it to the steel roof support columns, leaving a 20mm installation distance for the TPO waterproof layer and rubber blocks on both sides of the flat steel. Specifically, this includes: selecting an appropriate galvanized steel cable tray with good corrosion resistance based on factors such as the number of pipelines, load requirements, and structural strength; determining the installation position of the cable tray by referring to the coordinates of the pipeline start and end points measured in step S20, and leaving a 20mm installation distance on the roof steel column; using dedicated bolt fasteners to firmly install the cable tray on the roof steel column, ensuring its stability and reliability; leaving a 20mm space on the flat steel on both sides of the cable tray for subsequent waterproofing treatment on the rubber blocks.

[0013] S50. Install the pipelines, placing the cable tray and conduit above the rubber pads and securing them to the pads. Specifically, this includes: placing each pipeline sequentially above its corresponding rubber pad according to the pipeline start and end coordinates recorded in step S20; using dedicated metal fasteners or plastic straps to firmly secure the pipelines to the rubber pads, ensuring stable pipeline positions; checking against the BIM drawings to ensure the installed pipeline routes match the design, and adjusting any deviations; wrapping the contact points between the pipelines and the cable tray with anti-corrosion and waterproof materials to prevent damage to the pipelines.

[0014] S60. Lay cables, thread them through conduits, and perform necessary waterproofing treatments. Specifically, this includes: using professional cable-leading equipment to sequentially thread the cables into each installed conduit; using specialized cable clamps to securely fix the cables to the conduit surface to prevent them from falling off; reinforcing the conduit interfaces after cable threading with sealant or waterproof sleeves to ensure waterproofing; and protecting exposed cable portions with insulating sheaths or waterproof wrapping materials to prevent environmental impact.

[0015] S70. Based on the roof design and the construction of the honeycomb aluminum panels, refine the lighting fixture installation details and reserve installation locations. Specifically, this includes: determining the required average illuminance I0 for the roof based on the building's function and lighting standards; referring to BIM drawings and considering the roof design and paving method, rationally planning the installation locations of the lighting fixtures to meet overall lighting requirements; reserving appropriate-sized installation holes on the honeycomb aluminum panels of the roof according to the size of the lighting fixtures; and recording the planar coordinates (x, y) of each lighting fixture installation location in a ledger to provide a basis for subsequent lighting fixture bracket design.

[0016] S80. Based on the installation location height, roof curvature, lighting requirements, luminaire specifications, and structural load-bearing capacity, determine the parameters of the luminaire support using the luminaire support parametric equations. Specifically, based on the required illuminance I0, lighting area A, and luminaire tilt angle θ, determine the support height H using the following optimization equations: Based on the bracket height H and the lamp weight W l And the thickness T of the waterproof layer, the length L of the support is determined by the following optimization equation: L=L0+α1·H+α2· Based on ideal illuminance I0 and actual illuminance I r Given the coordinates (x, y) of the lamp installation location, the following optimization equation is used to determine the bracket tilt angle θ:

[0017] S90. Fabricate the lamp brackets and install them simultaneously during the roof steel structure installation process; specifically, this includes: fabricating two arc-shaped brackets using arc-shaped steel plates based on the bracket height H, length L, and tilt angle θ calculated in step S80; installing the two fabricated arc-shaped brackets onto the roof steel structure reserved in step S40 using bolts or other methods to ensure accurate bracket positioning; after the brackets are installed, adjusting the tilt angle of the brackets using adjusting bolts or other methods based on the optimal tilt angle θ calculated in step S80; inspecting the installed lamp brackets to ensure they are firmly installed, the angle adjustment is accurate, and they meet the requirements for subsequent lamp installation.

[0018] Based on the above technical solution, the Tpo waterproof curved steel structure roof floodlighting construction method of the present invention can be further improved as follows:

[0019] The pipeline layout optimization model includes load distribution equations, spacing optimization equations, fixing device location equations, waterproof layer thickness equations, and construction process constraint equations.

[0020] Furthermore, the load distribution equation is used to calculate the load distribution of each pipeline;

[0021] The spacing optimization equation is used to optimize the minimum spacing between pipelines;

[0022] The position equation of the fixing device is used to determine the optimal position of the fixing device;

[0023] The equation for the thickness of the waterproof layer takes into account the impact of the waterproof layer on the fixing devices and pipelines.

[0024] The construction process constraint equations ensure the feasibility of each process during construction.

[0025] Furthermore, the lamp holder parameters include the bracket height, bracket length, and bracket tilt angle.

[0026] Furthermore, the set of lamp holder parameter equations includes the bracket height optimization equation, the bracket length optimization equation, and the bracket tilt angle optimization equation.

[0027] Furthermore, the bracket height optimization equation is used to calculate the bracket height to meet lighting requirements. The inputs are the installation position height, required illuminance, lighting area, and lamp tilt angle, and the output is the optimized bracket height.

[0028] The bracket length optimization equation is used to calculate the length of the bracket to ensure that the lamp is installed safely and without affecting the waterproof layer. The inputs are the bracket height, the weight of the lamp, and the thickness of the waterproof layer, and the output is the optimized bracket length.

[0029] The bracket tilt angle optimization equation is used to determine the optimal tilt angle of the bracket to achieve the best lighting effect. The inputs are ideal illuminance, actual illuminance, coordinates of the lamp installation position, and roof dimensions. The output is the optimized bracket tilt angle.

[0030] Furthermore, the cross-section of the rubber pad is trapezoidal, with a short side of 100 mm, a long side of 150 mm, and a height of 100 mm.

[0031] Furthermore, the distance between the rubber pad and the top of the Tpo waterproof membrane is 1500 mm.

[0032] Furthermore, the cable tray is specifically made of galvanized steel, which has anti-corrosion properties and effectively supports and protects the pipeline.

[0033] Furthermore, the lamp bracket includes two arc plates for adjusting the lamp installation angle.

[0034] The following is a detailed description of each equation in the pipeline layout optimization model:

[0035] 1. Load distribution equation:

[0036]

[0037] In the formula, L i Pi is the load of the i-th pipeline; Pi is the power of the i-th pipeline; n is the total number of pipelines; L t ε1 represents the total load; ε1 represents the error term.

[0038] Parameter acquisition method: P i Obtained by consulting the pipeline specification sheet; L t It is derived from the design load of the roof structure.

[0039] 2. Spacing optimization equation:

[0040]

[0041] In the formula, D min D represents the minimum spacing between pipelines. r D represents the minimum spacing required by pipeline specifications. h ε is the minimum spacing required for thermal expansion; K is the correction factor; R is the roof curvature; ε2 is the error term.

[0042] Parameter acquisition method: D r Obtained by consulting pipeline installation specifications; D h The value is obtained through thermal calculations; R is obtained by measuring the actual curvature of the roof; K is set by empirical values, with a default value of 0.05.

[0043] 3. Equation of the position of the fixed device:

[0044]

[0045] In the formula, P f ε is the location of the fixed device; L is the total length of the pipeline; A and B are the adjustment coefficients; x and y are the roof coordinates; ε3 is the error term.

[0046] Parameter acquisition methods: L is obtained by measuring the actual length of the pipeline; A and B are obtained through numerical simulation optimization, with a value range of [-0.1, 0.1]; x and y are obtained by measuring the roof coordinates.

[0047] 4. Waterproof layer thickness equation:

[0048]

[0049] In the formula, T is the thickness of the waterproof layer; T0 is the base thickness; α, β, and γ are coefficients; N is the number of fixing devices; W is the roof load-bearing capacity; and ε4 is the error term.

[0050] Parameter acquisition methods: T0 is determined by waterproof design specifications; α, β, and γ are obtained through regression analysis of experimental data; N is calculated by the position equation of the fixing device; W is obtained by structural load calculation.

[0051] 5. Construction process constraint equations:

[0052]

[0053] In the formula, C represents the feasibility index of the construction technology; w i f is the weighting coefficient; i (x) represents the process constraint functions; m represents the number of constraint conditions; ε5 represents the error term.

[0054] Parameter acquisition method: w i Determined through expert scoring; f i (x) Establish mathematical models based on specific process requirements, such as material strength and construction difficulty.

[0055] The following is a detailed description of each equation in the parametric equation set for the lamp holder:

[0056] 1. Equation for optimizing support height:

[0057]

[0058] In the formula, H is the support height; H0 is the base height; k1, k2, and k3 are coefficients; I is the required illuminance; A is the lighting area; θ is the lamp tilt angle; and ε6 is the error term.

[0059] Parameter acquisition methods: H0 is determined through initial design; k1, k2, and k3 are obtained through regression analysis of lighting experiment data; I is determined based on lighting requirements; A is obtained through measurement; θ is calculated through the optimization equation of bracket tilt angle.

[0060] 2. Optimization equation for stent length:

[0061]

[0062] In the formula, L is the support length; L0 is the base length; α1, α2, and α3 are coefficients; H is the support height; W l ε is the weight of the lamp; T is the thickness of the waterproof layer; T0 is the reference thickness; ε7 is the tolerance term.

[0063] Parameter acquisition methods: L0 was determined through initial design; α1, α2, and α3 were obtained through structural mechanics analysis and regression analysis of experimental data; H was calculated using the support height optimization equation; W... l The values ​​T and T0 are obtained by consulting the luminaire's specification sheet; T and T0 are determined by the waterproof layer design.

[0064] 3. Optimization equation for the tilt angle of the support:

[0065]

[0066] In the formula, θ is the tilt angle of the support; k a I0 is the adjustment coefficient; I0 is the ideal illuminance; I< r β1 and β2 are the actual illuminance; x and y are the coordinates of the luminaire installation position; L r and Wr 分 ε represents the length and width of the roof; ε8 is the error term.

[0067] Parameter acquisition method: k a The value range was determined through lighting experiments to be [0.8, 1.2]; I0 was determined based on lighting requirements; I r The values ​​were obtained through illuminance meter measurements; β1 and β2 were obtained through numerical simulation optimization, with a value range of [-0.1, 0.1]; x, y, L r W r This is obtained by measuring the roof dimensions.

[0068] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of the Tpo waterproof curved steel structure roof floodlighting construction method provided by the present invention are: through systematic pipeline layout and lighting fixture installation design, uniform floodlighting of the curved steel structure roof is achieved, while ensuring the rationality of pipeline layout and the reliability of waterproof performance.

[0069] First, this invention employs a pipeline layout optimization model, comprehensively considering factors such as roof curvature, pipeline load, and waterproof layer thickness, to optimize and determine the optimal fixing spacing and fixing device positions for the pipelines. This not only improves the utilization rate of limited roof space and reduces the density of pipelines, but also creates favorable conditions for subsequent waterproofing treatment.

[0070] Secondly, this invention pre-installs rubber pads on the roof and uses a dedicated galvanized steel cable tray, providing a reliable support foundation for the installation and protection of pipelines. This not only effectively prevents pipelines from being damaged by external forces but also ensures good compatibility with the existing waterproof layer, avoiding any reduction in waterproof performance.

[0071] Finally, considering the characteristics of lamp installation, this invention employs a set of optimized lamp holder parameter equations to calculate the lamp holder height, length, and tilt angle to achieve the ideal lighting effect based on roof conditions and lighting requirements. This ensures that the installation position and tilt angle of each lamp are optimal, thereby achieving uniform floodlighting across the entire roof.

[0072] In summary, the Tpo waterproof curved steel structure roof floodlighting construction method proposed in this invention not only meets the lighting requirements but also fully considers factors such as pipeline layout and waterproofing performance, demonstrating systematicness and targeted approach. It solves the technical problem that existing technologies struggle to achieve floodlighting on curved steel structure roofs while simultaneously meeting the requirements of reasonable pipeline layout and waterproofing performance. Attached Figure Description

[0073] Figure 1 A flowchart of the method provided by the present invention;

[0074] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the pad block;

[0075] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bracket in the embodiment;

[0076] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of pipeline installation in the embodiment;

[0077] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the lamp holder in the embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0078] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0079] like Figure 1 The diagram shown is a flowchart of a floodlighting construction method for a Tpo waterproof curved steel structure roof provided by this invention. This method includes the following steps:

[0080] S10. Collect relevant parameters of pipeline layout, including roof curvature, number of pipelines, pipeline specifications, load requirements and waterproof layer thickness. Use the pipeline layout optimization model to determine the fixed spacing of pipelines and the location of fixing devices. Use BIM software to comprehensively arrange the roof floodlighting pipelines to obtain BIM drawings.

[0081] S20. Based on the BIM drawings, conduct on-site measurements and positioning of pipeline installation locations and fixing devices;

[0082] S30. Make rubber pads with a trapezoidal cross-section; attach the rubber pads to the top of the TPO waterproof membrane using special adhesive.

[0083] S40. Install the cable tray and fix it to the steel structure roof support. Leave a 20 mm gap between the TPO waterproof layer and the rubber block on both sides of the flat steel.

[0084] S50. Install the cable tray and conduit on the rubber pad and fix them to the pad.

[0085] S60. Lay cables, run them through conduits and perform necessary waterproofing treatment;

[0086] S70. Based on the roof design and the honeycomb aluminum panel construction method, refine the lighting installation details and reserve lighting installation positions.

[0087] S80. Based on the height of the installation location, roof curvature, lighting requirements, lamp specifications, and structural load-bearing capacity, determine the parameters of the lamp support using the lamp holder parametric equation set.

[0088] S90. Fabricate lamp brackets and install them simultaneously during the installation of the roof steel structure.

[0089] The specific implementation methods of the above steps are described in detail below:

[0090] Step S10: Collect relevant parameters of pipeline layout

[0091] The purpose of this step is to obtain parameters such as roof curvature, number of pipes, pipe specifications, load requirements, and waterproofing layer thickness, providing a basis for subsequent pipe layout optimization. The specific implementation method is as follows:

[0092] 1) Measure the roof curvature R. Use professional measuring equipment, such as a laser rangefinder or total station, to measure the radius of curvature at different locations on the roof and take the average value as the overall roof curvature R.

[0093] 2) Count the number of pipelines n. Based on the construction drawings and site survey, determine the number of pipelines n that need to be laid on the roof.

[0094] 3) Consult the pipeline specifications. Obtain the diameter D of each pipeline by consulting the technical specifications of the pipeline model. r Parameters such as coefficient of thermal expansion.

[0095] 4) Calculate the total load L t Based on the roof structure design drawings, the total roof bearing capacity L was calculated using a load classification method. t .

[0096] 5) Measure the thickness T0 of the waterproof layer. Use a professional thickness gauge to measure the average thickness T0 of the existing waterproof layer on the roof.

[0097] Obtaining the above parameters provides the necessary input data for the subsequent pipeline layout optimization model.

[0098] Step S20: Positioning of pipeline installation location and fixing device

[0099] The purpose of this step is to determine the installation locations of pipelines and fixing devices on the actual roof based on the generated BIM drawings. The specific implementation method is as follows:

[0100] 1) Lay out a grid on the roof. Based on the BIM drawings, divide the roof surface into an evenly spaced grid coordinate system to facilitate the subsequent positioning of pipelines and fixing devices.

[0101] 2) Measure the coordinates of the start and end points of the pipelines. Use a total station or laser rangefinder to measure the specific locations of the start and end points of each pipeline in the grid coordinate system.

[0102] 3) Mark the location of the fixing device. The optimal fixing device location P is calculated based on the pipeline layout optimization model. f Mark the corresponding grid position.

[0103] 4) Record measurement data. Compile and record the coordinates of the pipeline start and end points and the location coordinates of the fixing devices in the ledger as a reference for subsequent construction.

[0104] Step S30: Making and attaching the rubber pad

[0105] The purpose of this step is to pre-install rubber pads on the roof to create conditions for subsequent pipeline installation and waterproofing. The specific implementation method is as follows:

[0106] 1) Cut the rubber material. According to the design requirements, cut the rubber material into blocks with a trapezoidal cross-section, with a short side length of 100 mm, a long side length of 150 mm, and a height of 100 mm.

[0107] 2) Apply special adhesive. Apply special epoxy resin adhesive to the installation location above the TPO waterproof membrane on the roof.

[0108] 3) Attach the rubber pads. Attach the prepared rubber pads one by one to the areas where glue has been applied, spacing them 1500 mm apart.

[0109] 4) Curing and maintenance. After the adhesive has fully cured, inspect the pasted rubber pads to ensure they are firmly attached to the roof waterproofing layer.

[0110] Step S40: Install cable tray

[0111] The purpose of this step is to install cable tray structures on the roof for wiring, creating conditions for subsequent wiring installation. The specific implementation method is as follows:

[0112] 1) Determine the cable tray specifications. Based on factors such as the number of pipelines, load requirements, and structural strength, select galvanized steel cable trays of appropriate specifications, which have good corrosion resistance.

[0113] 2) Measure the cable tray location. Refer to the coordinates of the start and end points of the pipeline measured in step S20 to determine the installation location of the cable tray, and reserve a 20 mm installation distance on the roof steel structure column.

[0114] 3) Install the cable tray. Use specialized bolt fasteners to securely install the cable tray onto the roof steel structure columns, ensuring its stability and reliability.

[0115] 4) Leave a 20mm space for waterproofing. Leave a 20mm space on the flat steel on both sides of the cable tray to allow for subsequent waterproofing treatment on the rubber pads.

[0116] Step S50: Piping Installation

[0117] The purpose of this step is to install the conduit on the cable tray structure above the pre-installed rubber pads, creating conditions for subsequent cable laying. The specific implementation method is as follows:

[0118] 1) Place the pipelines on top of the pads. Based on the coordinates of the start and end points of the pipelines recorded in step S20, place each pipeline on top of its corresponding rubber pad in sequence.

[0119] 2) Secure the pipeline. Use specialized metal fasteners or plastic straps to firmly secure the pipeline to the rubber pads, ensuring the pipeline's position is stable.

[0120] 3) Check the pipeline routing. Compare with the BIM drawings and check the routing of each installed pipeline to ensure it matches the design. Adjust any pipelines that deviate from the design.

[0121] 4) Protective treatment. At the contact points between the pipeline and the cable tray, wrap them with anti-corrosion and waterproof materials to prevent damage to the pipeline.

[0122] Step S60: Cable laying

[0123] The purpose of this step is to run the power or signal cables through the pre-installed conduit and perform necessary waterproofing. The specific implementation method is as follows:

[0124] 1) Cable threading operation. Using professional cable threading equipment, thread the cables sequentially into each of the installed conduits.

[0125] 2) Secure the cables. Use specially designed cable clips to firmly secure the cables to the pipeline surface and prevent them from falling off.

[0126] 3) Pipeline reinforcement. At the pipe joints after the cables are threaded through, use sealant or waterproof sleeves for reinforcement to ensure waterproof performance.

[0127] 4) Insulation protection. Exposed parts of the cable should be protected with insulating sleeves or waterproof wrapping materials to avoid the influence of the external environment.

[0128] Step S70: Reserve installation location for lighting fixtures

[0129] The purpose of this step is to rationally reserve installation locations for lighting fixtures based on the roof design and surface paving method, thus creating conditions for subsequent lighting fixture installation. The specific implementation method is as follows:

[0130] 1) Determine lighting requirements. Based on the building's function and lighting standards, determine the average illuminance I0 that the roof needs to achieve.

[0131] 2) Plan the lighting fixture layout. Refer to the BIM drawings and consider the roof design and paving method to rationally plan the installation locations of the lighting fixtures to meet the overall lighting requirements.

[0132] 3) Reserve mounting holes. On the honeycomb aluminum panel surface of the roof, reserve mounting holes of appropriate size according to the size of the light fixtures to facilitate the subsequent installation of the light fixtures.

[0133] 4) Mark the location coordinates. Record the planar coordinates (x, y) of each lamp installation location in the ledger to provide a basis for subsequent lamp bracket design.

[0134] Step S80: Optimization of lamp bracket parameters

[0135] The purpose of this step is to determine the optimal parameters of the light fixture brackets using an optimization algorithm, based on roof conditions and lighting requirements, to achieve the best lighting effect. The specific implementation method is as follows:

[0136] 1) Establish the optimization equation for the bracket height. Based on the required illuminance I0, the lighting area A, and the luminaire tilt angle θ, the bracket height H is determined using the following optimization equation:

[0137]

[0138] In the formula, H0 is the base height, k1, k2, and k3 are empirical coefficients, and ε6 is the random error term. The optimal coefficient values ​​are obtained through experimental regression.

[0139] 2) Establish the optimization equation for the bracket length. Based on the bracket height H and the luminaire weight W... l And the thickness T of the waterproof layer, the length L of the support is determined using the following optimization equation:

[0140]

[0141] In the formula, L0 is the base length, α1, α2, and α3 are empirical coefficients, T0 is the reference waterproof layer thickness, and ε7 is the random error term. The optimal coefficient values ​​are obtained through structural analysis and experimental regression.

[0142] 3) Establish the optimization equation for the support tilt angle. Based on the ideal illuminance I0 and the actual illuminance I... r Given the coordinates (x, y) of the lamp installation location, the following optimization equation is used to determine the bracket tilt angle θ:

[0143]

[0144] In the formula, k a L is the adjustment coefficient, β1 and β2 are empirical correction coefficients. r and W r ε₀ represents the roof length and width, respectively, and εₐ represents the random error term. The optimal coefficient values ​​were obtained through numerical simulation optimization.

[0145] 4) Calculate the bracket parameters comprehensively. Combine the above three optimization equations and the lamp installation position information recorded in step S70 to calculate the lamp bracket height H, length L, and tilt angle θ that meet the lighting requirements.

[0146] Step S90: Fabrication and installation of lamp brackets

[0147] The purpose of this step is to fabricate and install lighting fixture brackets on the roof steel structure based on the optimized bracket parameters, thus creating conditions for subsequent lighting fixture installation. The specific implementation method is as follows:

[0148] 1) Fabricate the arc-shaped support. Based on the support height H, length L and tilt angle θ calculated in step S80, fabricate two arc-shaped supports using arc-shaped steel plates.

[0149] 2) Install the brackets. Install the two prefabricated arc-shaped brackets onto the roof steel structure reserved in step S40 using bolts or other means, ensuring that the brackets are in the correct position.

[0150] 3) Adjust the bracket angle. After the bracket is installed, adjust the bracket angle using adjusting bolts or other means according to the optimal tilt angle θ calculated in step S80.

[0151] 4) Inspection and Acceptance. Inspect the installed lamp brackets to ensure they are securely installed, the angles are accurately adjusted, and they meet the requirements for subsequent lamp installation.

[0152] In summary, the Tpo waterproof curved steel structure roof floodlighting construction method of the present invention makes full use of the pipeline layout optimization model and the lamp holder parameter optimization equation set, and adopts a systematic installation procedure, thereby achieving the rationality of pipeline layout, the targeted installation of lamps, and the reliability of overall construction.

[0153] Specifically, the principle of this invention is to organically combine two key issues—pipeline layout optimization and lighting fixture installation parameter optimization—and achieve this through a systematic construction process. The design principle of this technical solution is as follows:

[0154] 1. Construction of pipeline layout optimization model

[0155] Pipeline layout is a crucial component of floodlighting systems for curved steel roofs, and its rationality directly impacts the safety and reliability of the entire system. This invention employs a pipeline layout optimization model. Based on factors such as roof curvature R, pipeline quantity n, pipeline specifications D_r, total load L_t, and waterproofing layer thickness T_0, the optimal fixing spacing and fixing device positions for the pipelines are determined through mathematical modeling and parameter optimization. This satisfies both the load-bearing capacity requirements of the pipelines and ensures the integrity of the waterproofing layer.

[0156] 2. Application of rubber pads and cable trays

[0157] To ensure the safety and waterproofing performance of the pipelines, this invention pre-installs rubber pads and galvanized steel cable trays on the roof. The rubber pads facilitate subsequent pipeline installation and waterproofing, while the cable trays provide reliable support and protection for the pipelines. These measures not only effectively prevent damage to the pipelines from external forces but also ensure good compatibility with the existing waterproofing layer, guaranteeing the overall waterproofing performance of the system.

[0158] 3. Optimization of lamp holder parameters

[0159] This invention addresses the characteristics of lighting on curved steel structure roofs by employing a set of optimized lamp holder parameters. Based on factors such as the required illuminance I_0, the lighting area A, and the lamp installation coordinates (x, y), it calculates the lamp holder height H, length L, and tilt angle θ to achieve the ideal lighting effect. This not only ensures that the lighting effect of each lamp meets the standards but also achieves uniform floodlighting across the entire roof, thereby improving the building's user experience.

[0160] In summary, the Tpo waterproof curved steel structure roof floodlighting construction method of this invention fully considers factors such as pipeline layout, waterproof performance, and lighting effect. Through systematic design and optimization, it achieves coordinated cooperation among various subsystems, thereby achieving a relatively ideal technical effect.

[0161] To better understand and implement this invention, a specific application scenario is provided below: A newly built intelligent manufacturing industrial park in a certain city uses a curved steel structure as the roof form of the main building. To achieve uniform floodlighting on the roof while avoiding affecting the overall aesthetics of the building, the project team decided to use the Tpo waterproof curved steel structure roof floodlighting construction method proposed in this invention. The principle is based on the characteristics of Tpo waterproof layer which cannot be drilled, electromechanical pipelines which cannot be directly fixed, and the complex installation nodes of curved steel structure lighting fixtures. By using brackets attached to the roof steel structure and a rubber support block that can be pasted onto the Tpo waterproof layer, and by customizing special brackets for the lighting fixtures, the technical methods for floodlighting construction pipeline support and lighting fixture installation are solved.

[0162] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0163] 1. Integrated pipeline layout

[0164] First, the project team conducted a comprehensive survey and measurement of parameters such as the roof curvature, number of pipelines, pipeline specifications, load requirements, and waterproofing layer thickness of the new factory building. Based on the obtained data, a pipeline layout optimization model was used to optimize the design of the fixed spacing and fixing device positions of the pipelines. The main parameters involved in this model are as follows:

[0165] Roof curvature R = 15m;

[0166] Number of pipelines n = 32

[0167] Pipeline Specification Parameter D r =25mm;

[0168] Total load L t =5.2kN;

[0169] Waterproof layer thickness T0 = 3mm;

[0170] Based on model calculations, the optimal pipeline fixing spacing was determined to be 1.5m, with the fixing device positions distributed along the pipeline in a sinusoidal pattern. Subsequently, the designers used BIM software to comprehensively arrange the pipelines and generate detailed construction drawings.

[0171] 2. Measurement of pipeline installation location

[0172] Based on the aforementioned BIM drawings, the surveying team conducted actual measurements and positioning of the pipeline installation locations and fixing device locations. Using a total station, the starting and ending coordinates of each pipeline, as well as the specific locations of the fixing devices, were measured and recorded in a logbook for future reference.

[0173] 3. Installation of rubber pads and brackets

[0174] To ensure the stability and waterproofing of the pipeline installation, the project team customized a special rubber pad. This pad has a trapezoidal cross-section, with a short side length of 100mm, a long side length of 150mm, and a height of 100mm. The rubber pad contains a 5cm long nut; the nut for fixing JDG conduit is M4, and the nut for fixing cable trays is M8. Based on the pipeline layout above the pad, an integrated pad was selected. Figure 2 As shown.

[0175] First, at the pipe installation locations above the TPO waterproof membrane on the roof, rubber pads were individually glued and fixed using specialized epoxy resin adhesive, with a spacing of 1.5m. Then, the project team fabricated a galvanized steel bracket, which was bolted to the roof steel structure columns, with 20mm clearance on both sides of the flat steel for installing the rubber pads. Finally, adhesive was applied to the bottom of the previously glued rubber pads, and they were placed on the bottom of the bracket's flat steel against the waterproof layer, forming a stable support system. The bracket installation process was as follows: first, the fabricated bracket was fixed to the steel roof support columns, with 20mm clearance on both sides of the flat steel for the TPO waterproof layer and the rubber pads installed. Then, adhesive was applied to the bottom of the rubber pads, and they were placed on the bottom of the flat steel to adhere to the waterproof layer. Rubber pads were then glued to the remaining locations at 2m intervals along the pipe installation direction. The main function of the rubber pads is to support the pipes. After the pipeline installation is completed, a special bracket is fabricated to prevent horizontal displacement. The steel roof support columns serve as fixing points. A custom-made bracket made of flat steel is then connected to the pipeline to secure it and prevent horizontal displacement. This bracket does not bear any load. See the diagram for the bracket. Figure 3 .

[0176] 4. Pipeline installation

[0177] With the aforementioned rubber pads and supports as a foundation, pipeline installation becomes very simple. First, place a 100mm x 100mm galvanized steel cable tray on top of the rubber pads and secure it to the pads using dedicated metal fasteners. Then, install the pipeline (using JDG20 model) on the cable tray and apply heat-shrink tubing for waterproofing at the pipeline joints. For safety, the cable tray supports also need to be reliably grounded. See the pipeline installation diagram below. Figure 4 .

[0178] Throughout the pipeline installation process, the designers strictly followed the requirements of the BIM drawings and repeatedly checked against the actual situation to ensure that the pipeline route was consistent with the design.

[0179] 5. Cable laying

[0180] After the pipeline installation was completed, the construction workers began laying the cables. First, they carefully checked the integrity of the protective covers at each pipe opening and replaced or supplemented them as needed. To ensure smooth cable threading, an appropriate amount of talcum powder was also blown into the pipes.

[0181] During actual threading, designers strictly adhere to the following requirements:

[0182] 1. Before threading the wires through the conduit, check that the protective caps at each conduit opening are intact. If any are missing or damaged, they should be replaced. When the conduit is long or has many bends, blow an appropriate amount of talcum powder into the conduit while threading the wires. When two people are threading the wires, they should coordinate with each other, one pulling and the other feeding.

[0183] 2. The following points should be noted when wiring: Wires in the same AC circuit must be run in the same conduit; wires in the same circuit but with different voltages, and AC and DC wires, must not be run in the same conduit. Circuits with a nominal voltage of 50V or less, power circuits of the same equipment or the same assembly line equipment, control circuits without special interference requirements, several circuits of the same decorative light, and several circuits of the same type of lighting, but the total number of wires in the conduit should not exceed 8, may be run in the same conduit.

[0184] 3. At expansion joints, the compensation device should move freely. Sufficient slack should be allowed in the conductor.

[0185] 4. When the length exceeds the following limits, it shall be secured at the pipe opening and in the junction box: 30m for conductors with a cross-sectional area of ​​50mm2 or less; 20m for conductors with a cross-sectional area of ​​70-95mm2; and 18m for conductors with a cross-sectional area between 180-240mm2.

[0186] 5. Requirements for conductor connections: Conductor joints should not increase resistance; stressed conductors should not reduce their original mechanical strength; and the original insulation strength should not be reduced. These standardized procedures ensure the safety and reliability of the cables.

[0187] 6. Detailed explanation of lighting fixture installation details

[0188] Based on the building's intended use and lighting standards, the project team determined the required average illuminance for the factory roof to be I0 = 300 Lx. Simultaneously, considering the actual roof shape and surface paving method, the designers pre-reserved appropriately sized installation holes for lighting fixtures on the BIM model and recorded the planar coordinates (x, y) of each hole in the logbook.

[0189] To achieve a uniform floodlight effect across the entire roof while avoiding glare, the project team customized curved floodlight fixtures ranging from 0.5m to 1.0m in length, based on the roof's curvature. This not only meets the lighting requirements but also harmonizes with the roof's overall design.

[0190] 7. Lighting Fixture Bracket Design and Installation

[0191] Considering the characteristics of the curved roof, the project team used a set of parameter optimization equations to design the lighting fixture brackets. The main parameters involved are as follows:

[0192] The coordinates of the lamp installation location are (x, y) = (12.5m, 15.2m);

[0193] Required illuminance I0 = 300 Lx;

[0194] Actual measured illuminance I r =280Lx;

[0195] The roof dimension is L r =40m, W r =25m;

[0196] Light fixture weight W l =12kg;

[0197] Waterproof layer thickness T = 3mm;

[0198] Based on the above parameters, the optimized design of the lamp holder is as follows:

[0199] The support frame height H = 2.8m;

[0200] The support frame length L = 1.2m;

[0201] The bracket tilt angle θ = 25°;

[0202] The formula for calculating the height of the support frame is as follows:

[0203]

[0204] The formula for calculating the length of the support is:

[0205]

[0206] The formula for calculating the tilt angle of the support is:

[0207]

[0208] To address the issue of achieving the design effect based on the above parameters, the construction team, through repeated trials and experimentation with new technological solutions, specifically designed floodlight fixtures and their fixing and installation structures suitable for this project. The fixtures, installed on the inclined steel structure, can have their installation angle adjusted using two curved plates. A schematic diagram of the fixture support can be found [link to diagram]. Figure 5 .

[0209] The lamp holders are installed simultaneously with the roof steel structure installation, according to the lamp arrangement.

[0210] 1. Lighting fixture installation process:

[0211] The general installation process for all types of lighting fixtures in this project is as follows: component installation → lighting fixture inspection → lighting fixture assembly → lighting fixture installation → power-on trial operation.

[0212] 2. Lighting fixture adjustment

[0213] Power-on trial operation is permitted only after the lighting fixtures are installed and the insulation resistance of each branch circuit has passed the test. After power-on, a careful inspection and patrol should be conducted to check whether the lights are working properly and whether the control is flexible and accurate. If any problems are found, the power must be cut off first, and then the cause should be found and repaired.

[0214] Based on the above calculations, the project team fabricated a lamp holder consisting of two curved steel plates, which was installed simultaneously during the roof steel structure installation. After installation, the lamp's tilt angle was adjusted to the optimal state by adjusting the bolts on the holder, ensuring uniform floodlighting across the entire roof.

[0215] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing floodlighting for a TPO waterproof curved steel structure roof, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S10. Collect relevant parameters of pipeline layout, including roof curvature, number of pipelines, pipeline specifications, load requirements and waterproof layer thickness. Use the pipeline layout optimization model to determine the fixed spacing of pipelines and the location of fixing devices. Use BIM software to comprehensively arrange the roof floodlighting pipelines to obtain BIM drawings. S20. Based on the BIM drawings, conduct on-site measurements and positioning of pipeline installation locations and fixing devices; S30. Fabricate a rubber pad block, the cross-section of which is trapezoidal; attach the rubber pad block to the top of the Tpo waterproof membrane using special adhesive. S40. Install the cable tray and fix it to the steel structure roof support. Leave a 20 mm gap between the TPO waterproof layer and the rubber block on both sides of the flat steel. S50. Install the pipeline by placing the cable tray and conduit above the rubber pad and fixing them to the pad. S60. Lay cables, run them through conduits and perform necessary waterproofing treatment; S70. Based on the roof design and the honeycomb aluminum panel construction method, refine the lighting installation details and reserve lighting installation positions. S80. Based on the height of the installation location, roof curvature, lighting requirements, lamp specifications, and structural load-bearing capacity, determine the parameters of the lamp support using the lamp holder parametric equation set. S90. Fabricate the lamp holder and install the lamp holder simultaneously during the installation of the roof steel structure; The pipeline layout optimization model includes load distribution equations, spacing optimization equations, fixing device location equations, waterproof layer thickness equations, and construction process constraint equations. The lamp holder parameter equation set includes bracket height optimization equations, bracket length optimization equations, and bracket tilt angle optimization equations. The bracket height optimization equation is used to calculate the bracket height to meet lighting requirements. The inputs are installation position height, required illuminance, lighting area, and lamp tilt angle, and the output is the optimized bracket height. The bracket length optimization equation is used to calculate the bracket length to ensure safe installation of the lamp without affecting the waterproof layer. The inputs are bracket height, lamp weight, and waterproof layer thickness, and the output is the optimized bracket length. The bracket tilt angle optimization equation is used to determine the optimal tilt angle of the bracket to achieve the best lighting effect. The inputs are ideal illuminance, actual illuminance, lamp installation position coordinates, and roof dimensions, and the output is the optimized bracket tilt angle. The load distribution equation is specifically: ; Where, For the first The load on the pipeline; For the first The power of the pipeline; This represents the total number of pipelines. Total load; This is the error term; The specific equation for optimizing the spacing is: ; Where, Minimum spacing between pipelines; This refers to the minimum spacing required by pipeline specifications. The minimum spacing required for thermal expansion; This is a correction factor; For the curvature of the roof; This is the error term; The specific equation for the position of the fixing device is: ; Where, To fix the position of the device; This represents the total length of the pipeline. and This is the adjustment coefficient; and The coordinates are for the roof. This is the error term; The equation for the thickness of the waterproof layer is specifically as follows: ; Where, This refers to the thickness of the waterproof layer. Base thickness; , , For coefficients; For the number of fixed devices; For roof load-bearing; This is the error term; The specific construction process constraint equations are: ; Where, For feasibility indicators of construction technology; These are the weighting coefficients; Each process constraint function is established based on specific process requirements; The number of constraints; This is the error term.

2. The construction method for floodlighting of a Tpo waterproof curved steel structure roof according to claim 1, characterized in that, The parameters of the lamp holder include the height of the bracket, the length of the bracket, and the tilt angle of the bracket.

3. The construction method for floodlighting of a Tpo waterproof curved steel structure roof according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cross-section of the rubber pad is trapezoidal, with a short side of 100 mm, a long side of 150 mm, and a height of 100 mm.

4. The construction method for floodlighting of a Tpo waterproof curved steel structure roof according to claim 3, characterized in that, The distance between the rubber pad and the top of the Tpo waterproof membrane is 1500 mm.

5. The construction method for floodlighting of a Tpo waterproof curved steel structure roof according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cable tray is specifically made of galvanized steel, which has anti-corrosion properties and effectively supports and protects the pipeline.

6. The construction method for floodlighting of a Tpo waterproof curved steel structure roof according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lamp bracket includes two arc plates for adjusting the lamp installation angle.

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