System and method for positioning and measuring well cementation rubber plug excited by shock tube

Abstract

The invention discloses a system and a method for positioning and measuring a well cementation rubber plug excited by a shock tube, and relates to the technical field of oil and gas well cementation, and the system comprises a shock wave positioning module, a wellhead tubular column detector, a wellhead annulus detector and a resolving module; the shock wave positioning module generates a lower shock wave signal and an upper shock wave signal in an underground tubular column; the wellhead pipe column detector detects an upper shock wave signal at the wellhead pipe column, the wellhead annulus detector detects a lower shock wave signal at the wellhead annulus, and the resolving module calculates the position of the well cementation rubber plug body in the underground pipe column according to the detection time difference of the upper shock wave signal and the lower shock wave signal. The control module controls the shock wave generation mechanism to generate the shock wave signal in a telescopic air chamber expansion mode, the generation stability and the signal strength of the shock wave signal are improved, and then the stability and the reliability of well cementation rubber plug positioning measurement are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of oil and gas well cementing, and in particular to a cementing plug positioning and measurement system and method using shock tube excitation. Background Art

[0002] Cementing operation is one of the important links in oil and gas well drilling engineering. Cementing plugs play the role of isolating cementing slurry and drilling fluid in cementing operation. During the slurry replacement process of cementing operation, the cementing plug is driven by the pressure of the drilling fluid on the upper side and moves to the bottom of the pipe string, driving the cement slurry under the cementing plug into the annulus between the pipe string and the well wall. During the slurry replacement process, if the cementing plug breaks and leaks or gets stuck in the pipe string, the annulus will be replaced or a cement plug will form at the bottom of the pipe string, resulting in cementing failure. Therefore, it is necessary to study the positioning and measurement of the cementing plug in the downhole pipe string.

[0003] In the prior art, Chinese patent CN108150131A discloses a pressure wave generator and cementing device for position positioning, the pressure wave generator includes: a base, a transmission device is provided in the base, a rolling wheel is provided on the base, and the rolling wheel is connected to the base through a mounting shaft; a pressure wave generating mechanism includes a support seat, a push rod, a reset spring, a connecting rod and a push wing plate; the rotation of the rolling wheel can drive the transmission device to periodically push the push rod to move upward along the axial direction of the support seat, thereby driving the connecting rod to move radially along the support seat and push the push wing plate out; the reset spring is used to restore the push rod to its initial position. The device is a purely mechanical structure with strong environmental adaptability, and can periodically generate pressure waves to effectively and accurately locate the actual position of the equipment.

[0004] The above-mentioned prior art generates pressure waves (i.e., shock wave signals) by periodically pushing out the push-against wing plates to increase the friction with the well wall. There is a risk of loss when the push-against wing plates are in periodic contact with the well wall, thereby reducing or even losing the friction. The stability and signal strength of the shock wave signal are poor, and the stability and reliability of the cementing plug positioning measurement are poor. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides a cementing plug positioning measurement system and method using shock tube excitation, which is used to solve the problems in the prior art of poor stability and signal strength of shock wave signals for cementing plug positioning, and poor stability and reliability of cementing plug positioning measurement.

[0006] On the one hand, the present application provides a cementing plug positioning and measurement system with shock tube excitation, including: a shock wave positioning module, a wellhead pipe string detector, a wellhead annulus detector and a solution module.

[0007] The shock wave positioning module includes: a shock wave generating mechanism, a control module and a power supply module.

[0008] The shock wave generating mechanism is used to be fixedly arranged on the lower side of the cementing plug body, the control module and the power supply module are both used to be fixedly and sealedly arranged inside the cementing plug body, and the control module is electrically connected to the power supply module and the shock wave generating mechanism respectively.

[0009] The shock wave positioning module is used to generate a lower shock wave signal and an upper shock wave signal in the downhole tubular; the wellhead tubular detector is used to detect the upper shock wave signal at the wellhead tubular; the wellhead annulus detector is used to detect the lower shock wave signal at the wellhead annulus; the solution module is used to calculate the position of the cementing plug body in the downhole tubular according to the detection time difference between the upper shock wave signal and the lower shock wave signal.

[0010] The control module is used to control the shock wave generating mechanism to generate the lower shock wave signal and the upper shock wave signal by expanding the telescopic air chamber.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the shock wave generating mechanism includes: a fixed air chamber, a deformable air chamber, an air valve and a pressurized air pump.

[0012] The fixed air chamber is fixedly arranged on the lower side of the cementing plug body, the upper side of the deformable air chamber is fixedly connected to the lower side of the fixed air chamber, the air valve and the pressurized air pump are fixedly arranged between the fixed air chamber and the deformable air chamber, and the air valve and the pressurized air pump are electrically connected to the control module.

[0013] The control module is configured to: when the pressure of the fixed air chamber is equal to that of the deformable air chamber, close the air valve, control the pressurized air pump to pump the gas in the deformable air chamber into the fixed air chamber, increase the pressure of the fixed air chamber, and shrink the deformable air chamber; whenever the cementing plug body moves for a preset stroke or a preset time, open the air valve to expand the deformable air chamber, and generate the lower shock wave signal and the upper shock wave signal.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the shock wave positioning module further includes: an odometer sensing mechanism;

[0015] The trip meter sensing mechanism is fixedly arranged on the upper side of the cementing plug body, and the trip meter sensing mechanism is electrically connected to the control module.

[0016] The trip meter sensing mechanism is used to measure the stroke of the cementing plug body and send the stroke to the control module.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the odometer sensing mechanism includes: a odometer roller and a odometer sensor.

[0018] The meter roller is fixedly connected to the upper side of the cementing plug body through a fixing rod, the meter roller is rotationally connected to one end of the fixing rod away from the cementing plug body, and is rollingly connected to the inner wall of the downhole pipe string.

[0019] The odometer sensor is fixedly arranged on the upper side of the cementing plug body and is electrically connected to the control module.

[0020] The trip meter sensor is used to obtain the stroke of the cementing plug body according to the rolling of the trip meter roller, and send it to the control module.

[0021] In a possible implementation, the solution module calculates the position of the cementing plug body in the downhole tubular string as shown in the following formula:

[0022]

[0023] Among them, H represents the distance from the cementing plug body to the wellhead, L0 represents the total length of the well depth, Δt 2-1 represents the detection time difference between the upper shock wave signal and the lower shock wave signal, and v represents the propagation speed of the upper shock wave signal and the lower shock wave signal in the liquid.

[0024] On the other hand, the present application provides a measurement method of a cementing plug positioning measurement system using shock tube excitation, comprising the following steps:

[0025] Step 1: The shock wave positioning module generates a lower shock wave signal and an upper shock wave signal in the downhole tubing.

[0026] Step 2: The wellhead pipe string detector detects the upper shock wave signal at the wellhead pipe string, and the wellhead annulus detector detects the lower shock wave signal at the wellhead annulus.

[0027] Step three, the solving module calculates the position of the cementing plug body in the downhole tubing string according to the detection time difference between the upper shock wave signal and the lower shock wave signal.

[0028] The cementing plug positioning and measurement system and method using shock tube excitation in the present application have the following advantages:

[0029] The control module controls the shock wave generating mechanism to generate shock wave signals by expanding the telescopic air chamber, thereby improving the generation stability and signal strength of the shock wave signals, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the cementing plug positioning measurement.

[0030] The proposed shock wave generating mechanism includes: a fixed air chamber, a deformable air chamber, an air valve and a pressurized air pump. The gas in the deformable air chamber is sucked into the fixed air chamber by the pressurized air pump, so that the pressure of the fixed air chamber is increased, the deformable air chamber is contracted, and the air valve is opened to expand the deformable air chamber, thereby generating a lower shock wave signal and an upper shock wave signal, thereby improving the controllability of the generation of shock wave signals.

[0031] The proposed odometer sensing mechanism measures the stroke of the cementing plug body and sends it to the control module, so that the control module can periodically generate shock wave signals according to the stroke of the cementing plug body, thereby improving the rationality of the generation of shock wave signals.

[0032] The proposed solution module calculates the position of the cementing plug body in the downhole tubing according to the detection time difference between the upper shock wave signal and the lower shock wave signal, and the corresponding formula improves the accuracy of cementing plug positioning measurement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0034] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a cementing plug positioning and measuring system using shock tube excitation provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the shock wave positioning module provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Description of reference numerals:

[0037] 1- shock wave positioning module, 2- wellhead pipe geophone, 3- wellhead annulus geophone, 4- solution module, 11- cementing plug body, 12- control module, 13- power supply module, 14- fixed air chamber, 15- deformation air chamber, 16- air valve, 17- pressurized air pump, 18- trip meter roller, 19- trip meter sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0039] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a cementing plug positioning and measurement system with shock tube excitation, comprising: a shock wave positioning module 1, a wellhead pipe string detector 2, a wellhead annulus detector 3 and a solution module 4.

[0040] The shock wave positioning module 1 includes: a shock wave generating mechanism, a control module 12 and a power supply module 13 .

[0041] The shock wave generating mechanism is used to be fixedly arranged on the lower side of the cementing plug body 11, and the control module 12 and the power supply module 13 are both used to be fixedly and sealedly arranged inside the cementing plug body 11, and the control module 12 is electrically connected to the power supply module 13 and the shock wave generating mechanism respectively.

[0042] The shock wave positioning module 1 is used to generate a lower shock wave signal and an upper shock wave signal in the downhole tubular; the wellhead tubular detector 2 is used to detect the upper shock wave signal at the wellhead tubular; the wellhead annulus detector 3 is used to detect the lower shock wave signal at the wellhead annulus; the solution module 4 is used to calculate the position of the cementing plug body 11 in the downhole tubular according to the detection time difference between the upper shock wave signal and the lower shock wave signal.

[0043] The control module 12 is used to control the shock wave generating mechanism to generate the lower shock wave signal and the upper shock wave signal by expanding the telescopic air chamber.

[0044] Specifically, the wellhead pipe geophone 2 and the wellhead annulus geophone 3 may be communicatively connected or electrically connected to the solution module 4. In the present embodiment, they are electrically connected. The solution module 4 is a portable computer.

[0045] Exemplarily, the shock wave generating mechanism includes: a fixed air chamber 14 , a deformable air chamber 15 , an air valve 16 and a pressurized air pump 17 .

[0046] The fixed air chamber 14 is fixedly arranged on the lower side of the cementing plug body 11, the upper side of the deformable air chamber 15 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the fixed air chamber 14, the air valve 16 and the pressurized air pump 17 are fixedly arranged between the fixed air chamber 14 and the deformable air chamber 15, and the air valve 16 and the pressurized air pump 17 are electrically connected to the control module 12.

[0047] The control module 12 is configured to: when the pressure of the fixed air chamber 14 is equal to that of the deformable air chamber 15, close the air valve 16, and control the pressurized air pump 17 to pump the gas in the deformable air chamber 15 into the fixed air chamber 14, so that the pressure of the fixed air chamber 14 increases and the deformable air chamber 15 contracts; whenever the cementing plug body 11 moves for a preset stroke or a preset time, open the air valve 16 to expand the deformable air chamber 15, thereby generating the lower shock wave signal and the upper shock wave signal.

[0048] Specifically, in this embodiment, the working process of the shock wave generating mechanism is as follows: when the shock wave positioning module 1 is driven downward by the pressure of the drilling fluid on its upper side, the deformable air chamber 15 is subjected to the pressure of the cement slurry on the lower side, and the gas in the deformable air chamber 15 is pressurized and enters the fixed air chamber 14 through the air valve 16. When the pressure of the fixed air chamber 14 is equal to that of the deformable air chamber 15, the control module 12 closes the air valve 16; the control module 12 controls the pressurized air pump 17 to continue to pump the gas in the deformable air chamber 15 into the fixed air chamber 14, so that the pressure of the fixed air chamber 14 increases and the deformable air chamber 15 contracts; in this embodiment, every time the cementing plug body 11 moves a stroke of 10m (in other possible embodiments, it can also be Set other preset strokes, or set it to every preset time, such as 20s), the control module 12 opens the air valve 16, and the compressed gas in the fixed air chamber 14 quickly enters the deformed air chamber 15, causing the deformed air chamber 15 to expand rapidly, generating a lower shock wave signal for the lower cement slurry. After the lower shock wave signal reaches the bottom of the well through the lower cement slurry, it propagates upward along the annulus between the pipe string and the well wall to the wellhead annulus. At the same time, due to the rapid expansion of the deformed air chamber 15, a reaction force will be generated, so that the movement of the shock wave positioning module 1 is hindered, and an upper shock wave signal is generated for the upper drilling fluid. The upper shock wave signal propagates to the wellhead pipe string through the upper drilling fluid, and the generation of the lower shock wave signal and the upper shock wave signal is completed. When the pressure of the fixed air chamber 14 and the deformed air chamber 15 is equal again, the next cycle of generating the lower shock wave signal and the upper shock wave signal is entered. In this way, a lower shock wave signal and an upper shock wave signal are generated every preset stroke or preset time (set according to actual conditions). Since the lower shock wave signal and the upper shock wave signal are generated almost simultaneously, the position of the cementing plug body 11 in the downhole tubular string can be calculated by the detection time difference between the upper shock wave signal and the lower shock wave signal.

[0049] Exemplarily, the shock wave positioning module 1 further includes: an odometer sensing mechanism;

[0050] The trip meter sensing mechanism is fixedly disposed on the upper side of the cementing plug body 11 , and the trip meter sensing mechanism is electrically connected to the control module 12 .

[0051] The odometer sensing mechanism is used to measure the stroke of the cementing plug body 11 and send the measured stroke to the control module 12 .

[0052] Specifically, the stroke of the cementing plug body 11 is measured by the odometer sensing mechanism, so that the control module 12 can control the shock wave generating mechanism at intervals of a preset stroke to generate an upper shock wave signal and a lower shock wave signal.

[0053] Exemplarily, the odometer sensing mechanism includes: a odometer roller 18 and a odometer sensor 19 .

[0054] The meter roller 18 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the cementing plug body 11 through a fixing rod. The meter roller 18 is rotationally connected to one end of the fixing rod away from the cementing plug body 11 and is rollingly connected to the inner wall of the downhole pipe string.

[0055] The odometer sensor 19 is fixedly disposed on the upper side of the cementing plug body 11 and is electrically connected to the control module 12 .

[0056] The trip meter sensor 19 is used to obtain the travel of the cementing plug body 11 according to the rolling of the trip meter roller 18 and send the travel to the control module 12 .

[0057] Specifically, in other possible embodiments, the mileage sensing mechanism may also adopt the roller, rocker, tension spring and magnetic sensor in the intelligent cementing plug and positioning method of Chinese patent CN117868743A, or other mileage sensing mechanisms, as long as the function of measuring the stroke of the cementing plug body 11 can be achieved.

[0058] For example, the solving module 4 calculates the position of the cementing plug body 11 in the downhole pipe string as shown in the following formula:

[0059]

[0060] Wherein, H represents the distance from the cementing plug body 11 to the wellhead, L0 represents the total length of the well depth, Δt 2-1 represents the detection time difference between the upper shock wave signal and the lower shock wave signal, and v represents the propagation speed of the upper shock wave signal and the lower shock wave signal in the liquid.

[0061] Specifically, the detection time difference Δt between the upper shock wave signal and the lower shock wave signal is 2-1 (It can be directly detected by the wellhead pipe detector 2 and the wellhead annulus detector 3. The following is to illustrate its principle) as shown in the following formula:

[0062] Δt 2-1 =t2-t1

[0063] in, It indicates the time it takes for the lower shock wave signal to reach the bottom of the well along the lower cement slurry and propagate from the bottom of the well in the entire annulus; It indicates the time for the upper shock wave signal to propagate in the tubing string along the upper drilling fluid.

[0064] The embodiment of the present application also provides a measurement method of a cementing plug positioning measurement system using shock tube excitation, comprising the following steps:

[0065] Step 1: The shock wave positioning module 1 generates a lower shock wave signal and an upper shock wave signal in the downhole tubing.

[0066] Step 2: the wellhead tubular detector 2 detects the upper shock wave signal at the wellhead tubular, and the wellhead annulus detector 3 detects the lower shock wave signal at the wellhead annulus.

[0067] Step three, the calculation module 4 calculates the position of the cementing plug body 11 in the downhole tubing according to the detection time difference between the upper shock wave signal and the lower shock wave signal.

[0068] In the embodiment of the present application, the control module 12 controls the shock wave generating mechanism to generate a shock wave signal by expanding a telescopic air chamber, thereby improving the generation stability and signal strength of the shock wave signal, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the cementing plug positioning measurement.

[0069] The proposed shock wave generating mechanism includes: a fixed air chamber 14, a deformable air chamber 15, an air valve 16 and a pressurized air pump 17. The gas in the deformable air chamber 15 is sucked into the fixed air chamber 14 by the pressurized air pump 17, so that the pressure of the fixed air chamber 14 increases, the deformable air chamber 15 contracts, and the air valve 16 is opened to expand the deformable air chamber 15, thereby generating a lower shock wave signal and an upper shock wave signal, thereby improving the controllability of the generation of the shock wave signal.

[0070] The proposed odometer sensing mechanism measures the stroke of the cementing plug body 11 and sends it to the control module 12, so that the control module 12 can periodically generate shock wave signals according to the stroke of the cementing plug body 11, thereby improving the rationality of the generation of shock wave signals.

[0071] The proposed solution module 4 calculates the position of the cementing plug body 11 in the downhole tubing string according to the detection time difference between the upper shock wave signal and the lower shock wave signal, and the corresponding formula improves the accuracy of the cementing plug positioning measurement.

[0072] Although the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present application.

[0073] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. The cementing plug positioning and measurement system with shock tube excitation is characterized by: include: Shock wave positioning module, wellhead pipe geophone, wellhead annulus geophone and solution module; The shock wave positioning module includes: a shock wave generating mechanism, a control module and a power supply module; The shock wave generating mechanism is used to be fixedly arranged on the lower side of the cementing plug body, the control module and the power supply module are both used to be fixedly and sealedly arranged inside the cementing plug body, and the control module is electrically connected to the power supply module and the shock wave generating mechanism respectively; The shock wave positioning module is used to generate a lower shock wave signal and an upper shock wave signal in the downhole tubular column; the wellhead tubular column detector is used to detect the upper shock wave signal at the wellhead tubular column; the wellhead annulus detector is used to detect the lower shock wave signal at the wellhead annulus; the solution module is used to calculate the position of the cementing plug body in the downhole tubular column according to the detection time difference between the upper shock wave signal and the lower shock wave signal; The control module is used to control the shock wave generating mechanism to generate the lower shock wave signal and the upper shock wave signal by expanding the telescopic air chamber.

2. The cementing plug positioning and measuring system with shock tube excitation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The shock wave generating mechanism comprises: a fixed air chamber, a deformable air chamber, an air valve and a pressurized air pump; The fixed air chamber is fixedly arranged on the lower side of the cementing plug body, the upper side of the deformable air chamber is fixedly connected to the lower side of the fixed air chamber, the air valve and the pressurized air pump are fixedly arranged between the fixed air chamber and the deformable air chamber, and the air valve and the pressurized air pump are electrically connected to the control module; The control module is configured to: when the pressure of the fixed air chamber is equal to that of the deformable air chamber, close the air valve, control the pressurized air pump to pump the gas in the deformable air chamber into the fixed air chamber, increase the pressure of the fixed air chamber, and shrink the deformable air chamber; whenever the cementing plug body moves for a preset stroke or a preset time, open the air valve to expand the deformable air chamber, and generate the lower shock wave signal and the upper shock wave signal.

3. The cementing plug positioning and measuring system with shock tube excitation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The shock wave positioning module also includes: a trip sensing mechanism; The trip meter sensing mechanism is fixedly arranged on the upper side of the cementing plug body, and the trip meter sensing mechanism is electrically connected to the control module; The trip meter sensing mechanism is used to measure the stroke of the cementing plug body and send the stroke to the control module.

4. The cementing plug positioning and measuring system with shock tube excitation according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The mileage sensing mechanism comprises: a mileage roller and a mileage sensor; The meter roller is fixedly connected to the upper side of the cementing plug body through a fixing rod, the meter roller is rotationally connected to an end of the fixing rod away from the cementing plug body, and is rollingly connected to the inner wall of the downhole pipe string; The odometer sensor is fixedly arranged on the upper side of the cementing plug body and is electrically connected to the control module; The trip meter sensor is used to obtain the stroke of the cementing plug body according to the rolling of the trip meter roller, and send it to the control module.

5. The cementing plug positioning and measuring system with shock tube excitation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solution module calculates the position of the cementing plug body in the downhole pipe string as shown in the following formula: Among them, H represents the distance from the cementing plug body to the wellhead, L0 represents the total length of the well depth, Δt 2-1 represents the detection time difference between the upper shock wave signal and the lower shock wave signal, and v represents the propagation speed of the upper shock wave signal and the lower shock wave signal in the liquid.

6. The measurement method of the cementing plug positioning measurement system with shock tube excitation according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: The shock wave positioning module generates a lower shock wave signal and an upper shock wave signal in the downhole tubing string; Step 2: The wellhead pipe string detector detects the upper shock wave signal at the wellhead pipe string, and the wellhead annulus detector detects the lower shock wave signal at the wellhead annulus; Step three, the solving module calculates the position of the cementing plug body in the downhole tubing string according to the detection time difference between the upper shock wave signal and the lower shock wave signal.

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