Transmission, vehicle, and transmission control method

Abstract

This application relates to a transmission, a vehicle, and a control method for the transmission. The transmission includes: an input shaft rotatably fitted with a plurality of input gears; an output shaft rotatably fitted with a plurality of output gears; an intermediate shaft on which a plurality of intermediate gears are mounted; a first synchronizer; a second synchronizer; and a direct drive assembly including a first direct drive gear seat, a second direct drive gear seat, and a direct drive gear sleeve. In direct drive mode, the transmission of this application allows the direct drive gear sleeve to be in a second state, the output end of the first synchronizer to be separated from the input gears, and the output end of the second synchronizer to be separated from the output gears. Power is output through the output shaft. At this time, the input gears, output gears, and intermediate gears do not rotate, effectively avoiding oil churning losses among the input gears, output gears, and intermediate gears, and improving energy utilization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to transmissions, vehicles, and methods for controlling transmissions. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, commercial AMT (Automated Manual Transmission) systems, both domestically and internationally, are mainly used in high-speed tractor vehicles. High-speed tractor vehicles generally operate in direct drive mode, which is the most efficient gear in the transmission, effectively saving fuel and improving energy utilization.

[0003] However, when the transmission is operating in direct drive, its main internal loss is the oil churning loss caused by gear rotation, which is not conducive to further improving energy efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on this, this application provides a transmission, a vehicle, and a control method for the transmission to reduce oil churning losses when the transmission is operating in direct drive.

[0005] This application provides a transmission, comprising: an input shaft on which a plurality of input gears are rotatably mounted; an output shaft on which a plurality of output gears are rotatably mounted; an intermediate shaft on which a plurality of intermediate gears are mounted, wherein a portion of the plurality of intermediate gears meshes with a plurality of input gears and another portion meshes with a plurality of output gears; a first synchronizer, wherein the input end of the first synchronizer is connected to the input shaft and the output end of the first synchronizer is selectively engaged or disengaged from the input gears; a second synchronizer, wherein the input end of the second synchronizer is connected to the output shaft and the output end of the second synchronizer is selectively engaged or disengaged from the output gears; and a direct drive assembly, comprising a first direct drive gear seat, a second direct drive gear seat, and a direct drive gear sleeve, wherein the first direct drive gear seat is fixedly connected to the input shaft, the second direct drive gear seat is fixedly connected to the output shaft, and the direct drive gear sleeve has a first state in which it simultaneously engages with the splines of the first direct drive gear seat and the second direct drive gear seat, and a second state in which it engages with the splines of one of the first direct drive gear seat and the second direct drive gear seat.

[0006] According to one embodiment of this application, it further includes: a housing, in which the input shaft, the output shaft and the intermediate shaft are rotatably mounted, and the first synchronizer, the second synchronizer and the direct drive assembly are located within the housing.

[0007] According to one embodiment of this application, the housing is provided with an oil pan, the level of the lubricating oil in the oil pan is less than the minimum height of the intermediate gear, and the transmission further includes an oil pump connected to the input shaft, the oil pump being used to draw the lubricating oil from the oil pan and supply the lubricating oil to the input gear, the intermediate gear and the output gear.

[0008] According to one embodiment of this application, the housing includes a front housing, a middle housing, and a rear housing connected in sequence, and the oil pan includes a front housing, a middle housing, and a rear housing connected in sequence.

[0009] According to one embodiment of this application, the intermediate gear includes a second gear; when the direct gear sleeve is in the second state, the direct gear sleeve is separated from the first direct gear seat, and the direct gear sleeve can selectively engage with the second gear spline.

[0010] According to one embodiment of this application, the input gear includes a high-gear input gear and a low-gear input gear, and the output end of the first synchronizer can be selectively engaged or disengaged from the high-gear input gear and the low-gear input gear, respectively.

[0011] According to one embodiment of this application, the intermediate gear includes a first gear and a reverse gear, and the output end of the second synchronizer can be selectively engaged or disengaged from the first gear and the reverse gear, respectively.

[0012] According to one embodiment of this application, the transmission further includes: a connecting sleeve; a planetary gear train, the planetary gear train including a sun gear, the sun gear being connected to the output shaft via the connecting sleeve.

[0013] This application also provides a control method for the transmission according to the above embodiments, including: in direct drive, controlling the first synchronizer to disengage from the input gear, the second synchronizer to disengage from the output gear, and the direct drive sleeve to switch to a second state.

[0014] This application also provides a vehicle including the transmission of the above-described embodiment.

[0015] The aforementioned transmission, vehicle, and transmission control method allow the direct drive sleeve to switch between a first state and a second state. The output end of the first synchronizer can selectively engage or disengage with the input gear, and the output end of the second synchronizer can selectively engage or disengage with the output gear. Thus, in direct drive mode, the direct drive sleeve can be in the second state, with the output end of the first synchronizer disengaged from the input gear and the output end of the second synchronizer disengaged from the output gear. Power is then output through the output shaft. At this time, the input gear, output gear, and intermediate gear do not rotate, effectively avoiding oil churning losses in the input gear, output gear, and intermediate gear, which is beneficial for improving energy utilization. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a transmission structure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an oil pan in a transmission according to an embodiment of this application.

[0018] 1. Input shaft; 2. Oil pump; 3. Front housing; 4. High-gear input gear; 5. Intermediate shaft; 7. First intermediate reduction gear; 8. Second intermediate reduction gear; 9. First synchronizer; 10. Low-gear input gear; 11. First intermediate low-gear reduction gear; 12. Second intermediate low-gear reduction gear; 13. First direct drive gear seat; 14. Direct drive gear sleeve; 15. Second direct drive gear seat; 16. Output shaft; 16-1. Second gear; 16-2. First gear; 16-3. Reverse gear; 17. Second synchronizer; 18. Connecting gear sleeve; 19. Sun gear; 20. Rear synchronizer; 3-1. Oil pan. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0020] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0021] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0022] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0023] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0024] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a transmission provided in one embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, a transmission provided in one embodiment of this application includes an input shaft 1, an output shaft 16, an intermediate shaft 5, a first synchronizer 9, a second synchronizer 17, and a direct drive assembly.

[0026] Multiple input gears are rotatably mounted on the input shaft 1, and multiple output gears are rotatably mounted on the output shaft 16. Multiple intermediate gears are mounted on the intermediate shaft 5. A portion of the intermediate gears meshes with multiple input gears, and another portion meshes with multiple output gears. The input end of the first synchronizer 9 is connected to the input shaft 1, and the output end of the first synchronizer 9 can selectively mesh or disengage with the input gears. The input end of the second synchronizer 17 is connected to the output shaft 16, and the output end of the second synchronizer 17 can selectively mesh or disengage with the output gears. The direct drive assembly includes a first direct drive gear seat 13, a second direct drive gear seat 15, and a direct drive gear sleeve 14. The first direct drive gear seat 13 is fixedly connected to the input shaft 1, and the second direct drive gear seat 15 is fixedly connected to the output shaft 16. The direct drive gear sleeve 14 has a first state where it simultaneously engages with both the first and second direct drive gear seats 13 and 15 via splines, and a second state where it engages with only one of the first and second direct drive gear seats 13 via splines.

[0027] The aforementioned input shaft 1 is rotatably fitted with multiple input gears, meaning that the input shaft 1 is fitted with multiple input gears, and the input gears can rotate relative to the input shaft 1. Correspondingly, the output shaft 16 is rotatably fitted with multiple output gears, meaning that the output shaft 16 is fitted with multiple output gears, and the output gears can rotate relative to the input shaft 1. The intermediate shaft 5 rotates synchronously with the intermediate gears. Each of the multiple input gears, multiple intermediate gears, and multiple output gears can include multiple gears of different diameters.

[0028] In this embodiment, the cooperation of the first synchronizer 9, the second synchronizer 17, and the direct drive assembly enables switching between different operating conditions. Specifically, when the direct drive sleeve 14 is in the first state, the output end of the first synchronizer 9 is separated from the input gear, and the output end of the second synchronizer 17 is separated from the output gear, the input shaft 1 is driven to the output shaft 16 through the direct drive assembly, and the transmission is in direct drive. At this time, the input shaft 1 will not be driven to the intermediate shaft 5 through the first synchronizer 9, and the input shaft 1 rotates relative to the input gear (the input gear does not rotate), while the output shaft 16 rotates relative to the output gear (the output gear does not rotate). When the intermediate shaft 5 and intermediate gear do not rotate, the input gear, output gear and intermediate gear do not generate oil churning loss; when the direct drive sleeve 14 is in the first state, the output end of the first synchronizer 9 is engaged with part of the input gear and the output end of the second synchronizer 17 is disengaged from part of the output gear, the input shaft 1 is driven to the input gear through the first synchronizer 9, the input gear drives the output gear to rotate, so as to drive the intermediate shaft 5, the intermediate shaft 5 is then driven to the output gear through other intermediate gears, and the output gear is driven to the output shaft 16 through the second synchronizer 17. At this time, the transmission is in a gear other than direct drive.

[0029] In this embodiment, the input gear, output gear, and intermediate gear do not rotate when in direct drive, effectively avoiding oil churning losses and improving energy efficiency.

[0030] Optionally, there are two intermediate shafts 5, each equipped with multiple intermediate gears, and both intermediate shafts 5 are connected to the input gear and output gear via these intermediate gears. Using dual intermediate shafts 5 for transmission can improve the transmission's load-bearing capacity and transmission efficiency, while also making the structure more compact. This allows for better adaptation to power transmission requirements under certain operating conditions, such as in heavy-duty commercial vehicle applications, where it can better meet the vehicle's power transmission needs.

[0031] Optionally, the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 16 are coaxial and arranged sequentially along the axial direction. This facilitates the installation of the first direct-drive gear seat 13, the second direct-drive gear seat 15, and the direct-drive gear sleeve 14, as well as the switching of the state of the direct-drive gear sleeve 14.

[0032] In some embodiments, the transmission further includes a housing 3, in which the input shaft 1, output shaft 16, and intermediate shaft 5 are rotatably mounted, and the first synchronizer 9, second synchronizer 17, and direct drive assembly are located within the housing 3. The housing 3 can provide protection and support for components such as the input shaft 1, output shaft 16, intermediate shaft 5, first synchronizer 9, second synchronizer 17, and direct drive assembly.

[0033] Combination Figure 2In some embodiments, the housing 3 is provided with an oil pan 3-1, which is used to contain and store lubricating oil. The oil level in the oil pan 3-1 is less than the minimum height of the intermediate gear. Therefore, the intermediate gear does not directly agitate the lubricating oil in the oil pan 3-1 when it rotates, and the oil agitation loss can also be reduced when the transmission is in a gear other than direct drive.

[0034] Furthermore, the transmission also includes an oil pump 2, which is connected to the input shaft 1. The oil pump 2 is used to draw lubricating oil from the oil pan 3-1 and provide lubricating oil to the input gear, intermediate gear and output gear.

[0035] In this embodiment, the oil pump 2 provides lubricating oil to the input gear, intermediate gear and output gear, which can ensure good lubrication conditions even when the intermediate gear directly stirs the lubricating oil in the oil pan 3-1. The oil pump 2 is installed on the input shaft 1 so that the power input is maintained even when the intermediate shaft 5 rotates, thus meeting the lubrication requirements of different gear working conditions.

[0036] Optionally, the lubricating oil level in the oil pan 3-1 is lower than the minimum height of the input and output gears. Therefore, the input and output gears do not directly agitate the lubricating oil in the oil pan 3-1 when they rotate, further reducing agitation losses. Furthermore, the oil pump 2 ensures good lubrication.

[0037] In some embodiments, the housing 3 includes a front housing, a middle housing, and a rear housing connected in sequence, and the oil pan 3-1 includes a front housing, a middle housing, and a rear housing connected in sequence. The three-section structure of the housing 3 facilitates the installation of internal components. For example, when installing various gears, shafts, synchronizers, and other components, operations can be performed on different sections of the housing 3 before assembly, improving installation efficiency. Simultaneously, it makes it easier to access internal components during maintenance and repair, facilitating the inspection and replacement of faulty parts. Furthermore, this structure better disperses stress, enhancing the structural strength and stability of the entire transmission system. Different sections of the housing 3 can cooperate to withstand forces in different directions, reducing localized stress concentration and thus improving the reliability of the transmission under complex operating conditions. The three-section structure of the oil pan 3-1 not only enhances the overall structural strength and stability of the transmission but also allows for more precise control of the lubricating oil level. By rationally designing the shape and connection method of each part, the lubricating oil can better accumulate at the bottom and be maintained at a suitable level, achieving better lubrication and cooling effects while reducing oil churning losses.

[0038] In some embodiments, the intermediate gear includes a second gear 16-1. When the direct drive sleeve 14 is in the second state, the direct drive sleeve 14 is separated from the first direct drive gear seat 13, and the direct drive sleeve 14 can selectively engage with the second gear 16-1 via a spline. When the direct drive sleeve 14 is in the second state, it can engage with the second gear 16-1 via a spline, putting the transmission in second gear. It should be noted that in second gear, the input shaft 1 is driven to the intermediate shaft 5 via the first synchronizer 9, then to the second gear 16-1 via the intermediate gear, and finally to the output shaft 16 via the direct drive sleeve.

[0039] In some embodiments, the input gears include a high-gear input gear 4 and a low-gear input gear 10, and the output end of the first synchronizer 9 can be selectively engaged or disengaged from the high-gear input gear 4 and the low-gear input gear 10, respectively. When the first synchronizer 9 is disengaged from both the high-gear input gear 4 and the low-gear input gear 10, there is no transmission between the input shaft 1 and the intermediate shaft 5. When the first synchronizer 9 is engaged with the high-gear input gear 4, there is high-gear transmission between the input shaft 1 and the intermediate shaft 5. When the first synchronizer 9 is engaged with the high-gear input gear 4, there is low-gear transmission between the input shaft 1 and the intermediate shaft 5.

[0040] Optionally, the intermediate gears include a first intermediate reduction gear 7 and a second intermediate reduction gear 8, which are disposed on two intermediate shafts 5 respectively. Both the first intermediate reduction gear 7 and the second intermediate reduction gear 8 mesh with the high-speed input gear 4.

[0041] Optionally, the intermediate gear includes a first intermediate low-gear reduction gear 11 and a second intermediate low-gear reduction gear 12 disposed on two intermediate shafts 5, both of which mesh with the low-gear input gear 10.

[0042] In some embodiments, the intermediate gear includes a first gear 16-2 and a reverse gear 16-3. The output end of the second synchronizer 17 can be selectively engaged or disengaged from the first gear 16-2 and the reverse gear 16-3, respectively. When the output end of the second synchronizer 17 is disengaged from the first gear 16-2 and the reverse gear 16-3, there is no transmission between the intermediate shafts 5. When the output end of the second synchronizer 17 is engaged with the first gear 16-2, the transmission is in first gear. When the output end of the second synchronizer 17 is engaged with the reverse gear 16-3, the transmission is in reverse gear.

[0043] It is worth noting that when the transmission in this embodiment performs gear shifting, the first synchronizer 9, the second synchronizer 17, and the direct drive assembly work together, rather than being controlled individually.

[0044] In some embodiments, the transmission further includes a connecting sleeve 18 and a planetary gear train, the planetary gear train including a sun gear 19, planet gears and a ring gear, the sun gear 19 being connected to the output shaft 16 via the connecting sleeve 18. Furthermore, the transmission may also include components such as a rear synchronizer 20 that cooperate with the planetary gear train; specific limitations are not specified here.

[0045] In this embodiment, the planetary gear system participates in power transmission and speed change. By cooperating with components such as the output shaft 16, it changes the transmission ratio, enabling the vehicle to obtain appropriate power output under different operating conditions.

[0046] In some embodiments, a direct drive gear seat 15 is splined to the input shaft 1, and / or a second direct drive gear seat 15 is splined to the output shaft 16. This improves the transmission reliability between the first direct drive gear seat and the input shaft 1, and between the second direct drive gear seat 15 and the output shaft 16. This contributes to improved transmission stability and service life.

[0047] This embodiment also provides a method for controlling a transmission, including:

[0048] In direct drive, the first synchronizer 9 is disengaged from the input gear, the second synchronizer 17 is disengaged from the output gear, and the direct drive gear sleeve 14 switches to the second state.

[0049] Furthermore, the control methods also include:

[0050] In gears other than direct drive, control the direct drive gear sleeve 14 to switch to the second state, control the first synchronizer 9 to mesh with part of the input gear, and control the second synchronizer 17 to mesh with part of the output gear.

[0051] This embodiment also provides a vehicle including the aforementioned transmission.

[0052] The vehicle in this embodiment can be a commercial vehicle, especially a heavy commercial vehicle, such as a high-speed tractor, or other vehicles that require high transmission efficiency and frequently drive in direct drive. No specific limitation is made here.

[0053] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0054] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A transmission, characterized in that, include: An input shaft, on which multiple input gears are rotatably mounted; An output shaft, on which multiple output gears are rotatably mounted; An intermediate shaft is equipped with multiple intermediate gears, a portion of which meshes with multiple input gears and another portion meshes with multiple output gears. The intermediate gears include two gears. A first synchronizer, the input end of which is connected to the input shaft, and the output end of which can be selectively engaged or disengaged from the input gear; A second synchronizer, the input end of which is connected to the output shaft, and the output end of which can be selectively engaged or disengaged from the output gear; A direct drive assembly includes a first direct drive gear seat, a second direct drive gear seat, and a direct drive gear sleeve. The first direct drive gear seat is fixedly connected to the input shaft, the second direct drive gear seat is fixedly connected to the output shaft, and the direct drive gear sleeve has a first state in which it simultaneously engages with the splines of the first direct drive gear seat and the second direct drive gear seat, and a second state in which it engages with the splines of one of the first direct drive gear seat and the second direct drive gear seat. When the direct drive gear sleeve is in the first state, the output end of the first synchronizer is separated from the input gear, and the output end of the second synchronizer is separated from the output gear. The input shaft is driven to the output shaft through the direct drive assembly, the gearbox is in direct drive, the input shaft and the input gear rotate relative to each other, the output shaft and the output gear rotate relative to each other, and the intermediate shaft and the intermediate gear do not rotate. When the direct drive gear sleeve is in the first state, the output end of the first synchronizer is engaged with part of the input gear, and the output end of the second synchronizer is disengaged from part of the output gear. The input shaft is driven to the input gear through the first synchronizer. The input gear drives the output gear to rotate, so as to drive the intermediate shaft. The intermediate shaft is then driven to the output gear through other intermediate gears. The output gear is driven to the output shaft through the second synchronizer. When the direct drive sleeve is in the second state, the direct drive sleeve is separated from the first direct drive gear seat, and the direct drive sleeve can selectively engage with the second gear spline. The input shaft is driven to the intermediate shaft through the first synchronizer, and then to the second gear through the intermediate gear, and finally to the output shaft through the direct drive sleeve.

2. The transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The housing contains the input shaft, the output shaft, and the intermediate shaft, which are rotatably mounted therein. The first synchronizer, the second synchronizer, and the direct drive assembly are located within the housing.

3. The transmission according to claim 2, characterized in that, The housing is equipped with an oil pan, and the level of lubricating oil in the oil pan is less than the minimum height of the intermediate gear. The transmission also includes: An oil pump, connected to the input shaft, is used to draw lubricating oil from the oil pan and supply the lubricating oil to the input gear, the intermediate gear, and the output gear.

4. The transmission according to claim 3, characterized in that, The housing includes a front housing, a middle housing, and a rear housing connected in sequence, and the oil pan includes a front housing, a middle housing, and a rear housing connected in sequence.

5. The transmission according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The input gears include a high-gear input gear and a low-gear input gear, and the output end of the first synchronizer can be selectively engaged or disengaged from the high-gear input gear and the low-gear input gear, respectively.

6. The transmission according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The intermediate gear includes a first gear and a reverse gear, and the output end of the second synchronizer can be selectively engaged or disengaged from the first gear and the reverse gear, respectively.

7. The transmission according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The transmission also includes: Connecting toothed sleeve; A planetary gear train, the planetary gear train including a sun gear, the sun gear being connected to the output shaft via the connecting sleeve.

8. A control method for a transmission as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, include: In direct drive, the first synchronizer is disengaged from the input gear, the second synchronizer is disengaged from the output gear, and the direct drive gear sleeve is switched to the second state.

9. A vehicle, characterized in that, Including the transmission as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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