Solid oxide electrolytic cell-magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage device system and hydrogen charging control method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a solid oxide electrolytic cell-magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage device system and a hydrogen charging control method thereof. The system comprises a solid oxide electrolytic cell (1), a magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage device (12) and a hydrogen charging control system (14), and a logic control system based on fuzzy logic is used for controlling the hydrogen charging process. According to the solid oxide electrolytic cell-magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage device system, the flow of a heat exchange medium is adjusted through the fuzzy intelligent control technology, the hydrogen absorption temperature is controlled online, rapid transfer of heat in the hydrogen absorption process is achieved, and the electrolytic efficiency of the solid oxide electrolytic cell is improved; the method has the advantages of high electrolysis efficiency, high volume hydrogen storage density, convenient operation method and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen storage devices, and in particular relates to a solid oxide electrolytic cell-magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage device system and a hydrogen charging control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) is a high-temperature electrolysis technology that decomposes water vapor (H2O) into hydrogen (H2) and oxygen (O2) at high temperatures (600-1000°C). The electrolysis efficiency can reach 90%-100%, which is much higher than other electrolysis technologies such as alkaline water electrolysis and proton exchange membrane electrolysis. Solid oxide electrolysis cell is expected to play an important role in the future clean energy sector due to its advantages such as high efficiency, sustainability and flexibility, and contribute to the realization of hydrogen economy and climate change mitigation.

[0003] The current mainstream hydrogen storage technologies include high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage and liquid hydrogen, but high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage technology and liquid hydrogen technology have technical bottlenecks such as high energy consumption for hydrogen storage and transportation, low volumetric hydrogen storage density, and high safety risks for hydrogen storage and transportation. Magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage technology can achieve room temperature and low-pressure hydrogen storage and transportation, and has the advantages of high safety and low energy consumption. It is expected to become one of the key technologies for large-scale, long-term hydrogen energy storage in the future. However, the energy consumption of the hydrogen absorption / desorption process of magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage technology is relatively large, and hydrogen absorption is carried out at about 300°C. At the same time, the activation energy of the hydrogen absorption process is 75kJ / mol H2, accompanied by a large amount of energy loss.

[0004] If the solid oxide electrolysis hydrogen production technology and magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage technology are combined, the heat energy released during the hydrogen absorption process of the magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage system can be used to evaporate the water supply of the solid oxide electrolyzer, which will greatly improve the electrolysis efficiency. At the same time, based on the intelligent control system, the heat energy of the hydrogen storage system can be exported in time, which promotes the safe and rapid hydrogen filling of the hydrogen storage system.

[0005] Therefore, technicians in this field are committed to developing an efficient and reliable solid oxide electrolyzer-magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage device system and a hydrogen charging control method thereof, which can improve the electrolysis efficiency of the solid oxide electrolyzer through thermal integration technology while performing efficient hydrogen charging. Summary of the invention

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned object, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a solid oxide electrolytic cell-magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage device system, comprising a solid oxide electrolytic cell (1), a magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage device (12), and a hydrogen charging control system (14);

[0007] The magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage device (12) is composed of at least one magnesium-based solid-state storage tank (17), wherein the magnesium-based solid-state storage tank (17) has a hydrogen inlet (18), a heat transfer oil inlet (25), a heat transfer oil outlet (19), a magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage material (21), a thermometer 1 (27) for measuring the internal temperature of the magnesium-based solid-state storage tank (17), and a thermometer 2 (26) for measuring the heat transfer oil outlet temperature of the magnesium-based solid-state storage tank (17);

[0008] An evaporator (2), a condenser (3), a dryer (4) and a hydrogen compressor (9) are provided between the solid oxide electrolyzer (1) and the magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage device (12), and are connected via a hydrogen / hydrogen-rich gas flow pipeline, wherein the hydrogen inlet (18) of the magnesium-based solid storage tank (17) is connected to the hydrogen compressor (9) via a first three-way valve (10);

[0009] The heat transfer oil outlet (19) of the magnesium-based solid storage tank (17) is connected in sequence to a mixer (11), a heat exchanger (7), a heat transfer oil storage tank (5), a heat transfer oil pump (6) and a heat transfer oil inlet (25) of the magnesium-based solid storage tank (17) through a heat transfer oil flow pipeline, wherein the heat transfer oil inlet (25) of the magnesium-based solid storage tank (17) is connected to the heat transfer oil pump (6) through a second three-way valve (13);

[0010] The heat exchanger (7) is also connected to the water feed pump (15), the evaporator (2) and the solid oxide electrolytic cell (1) respectively through water / steam pipelines;

[0011] The hydrogen charging control system (14) corrects the valve opening of the first three-way valve (10) in real time according to the value of the thermometer 1 (26) to maintain the internal average temperature of the magnesium-based solid-state storage tank (17); the hydrogen charging control system (14) corrects the valve opening of the second three-way valve (13) in real time according to the value of the thermometer 2 (27) to maintain the temperature of the heat transfer oil outlet (19) of the magnesium-based solid-state storage tank (17).

[0012] In some embodiments, a first regulating valve (8) is provided at the other end of the water supply pump (15); and a second regulating valve (16) is provided between the thermal oil storage tank (5) and the thermal oil pump (6).

[0013] In some embodiments, a plurality of porous trays (20) are provided inside the magnesium-based solid-state storage tank (17), and the porous trays (20) are arranged at intervals to support the magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage material (21).

[0014] In some embodiments, the magnesium-based solid-state storage tank (17) has a heat exchange pipe (22), and the heat exchange pipe (22) is a straight pipe, a spiral pipe or a U-shaped pipe.

[0015] In some embodiments, the bulk volume of the magnesium-based hydrogen storage material (21) accounts for 70-80% of the magnesium-based solid storage tank (17).

[0016] In some embodiments, the hydrogen charging control system (14) includes an error comparison device (37), an error signal change rate solver (35), a fuzzy logic control system (34) and a PID controller (36).

[0017] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a hydrogen charging control method for the above-mentioned solid oxide electrolytic cell-magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage device system, comprising:

[0018] S1: The outlet gas (600-900° C.) of the solid oxide electrolytic cell (1) flows through the evaporator (2), and then sequentially passes through the condenser (3), the drying filter (4), the hydrogen compressor (9), and the first three-way valve (10) before entering the magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage device (12);

[0019] S2: The heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil storage tank (5) enters the magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage device (12) after passing through the second regulating valve (16), the heat transfer oil pump (6), and the second three-way valve (13) in sequence, and the temperature rises to about 300° C. after flowing through the heat exchange pipe (22) inside the magnesium-based solid storage tank (17);

[0020] S3: The high-temperature heat transfer oil flows out from the heat transfer oil outlet (19) of the magnesium-based solid storage tank (17), is mixed in the mixer (11), and then flows into the heat transfer oil storage tank (5) after heat exchange in the heat exchanger (7);

[0021] S4: The feed water passes through the first regulating valve (8), the feed water pump (15), the heat exchanger (7) and the evaporator (2) to become high-temperature steam (600-900° C.), and then enters the solid oxide electrolytic cell (1);

[0022] S5: recovering heat generated during the hydrogen charging process of the magnesium-based solid storage tank (17) through heat transfer oil, which is used for evaporation and heating of feed water for the solid oxide electrolyzer (1);

[0023] The hydrogen charging control system (14) corrects the valve opening of the first three-way valve (10) in real time according to the value of the thermometer 1 (26) to maintain the internal average temperature of the magnesium-based solid-state storage tank (17); the hydrogen charging control system (14) corrects the valve opening of the second three-way valve (13) in real time according to the value of the thermometer 2 (27) to maintain the temperature of the heat transfer oil outlet (19) of the magnesium-based solid-state storage tank (17), which can maximize the electrolysis efficiency by about 10%.

[0024] In some embodiments, in S1, the hydrogen charging pressure of the magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage device (12) is about 1 MPa.

[0025] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a hydrogen charging control method based on fuzzy logic, the method comprising:

[0026] S11: Comparing the control system input signal (38) and the feedback signal (39) through the error comparison device (37) to form an error signal, and inputting the error signal into the error signal change rate solver (35) to obtain an error change rate signal, wherein the control system input signal (38) is the set value of the internal temperature of the magnesium-based solid storage tank (17) and the temperature of the heat transfer oil outlet (19), and the feedback signal (39) is the measured value of the thermometer 1 (26) and the thermometer 2 (27);

[0027] S12: The fuzzy logic control system (34) takes the error signal and the error signal change rate as input, and obtains the proportional signal, integral signal and differential signal correction parameters of the PID controller (36) after fuzzy rule reasoning, wherein the error signal membership function (28) and the error change rate signal membership function (29) are Gaussian functions, and the specific calculation method is:

[0028]

[0029] The proportional correction signal membership function (31), the integral correction signal membership function (32) and the integral correction signal membership function (33) are triangular membership functions, and the specific calculation method is:

[0030]

[0031] S13: Correct the control parameters of the PID controller (36) by:

[0032]

[0033] Wherein, kp, ki, kd are real-time control parameters of the PID controller (36), kp0, ki0, kd0 are initial control parameters of the PID controller (36), Δkp0, Δki0, Δkd0 are real-time control parameters of the PID controller (36), and are output correction parameters of the fuzzy logic control system (34);

[0034] The control output parameter of the PID controller (36) is:

[0035]

[0036] Wherein, kp, ki, kd are real-time control parameters of the PID controller (36), e(t) is an error signal between a set value and an actual system output, and u(t) is a control signal (40) for controlling the valve opening of the first three-way valve (10) and the second three-way valve (13).

[0037] Furthermore, the hydrogen charging control system (14) corrects the valve opening of the first three-way valve (10) in real time according to the value of the thermometer 1 (26) to maintain the average temperature inside the magnesium-based solid storage tank (17) at about 400°C; the hydrogen charging control system (14) corrects the valve opening of the second three-way valve (13) in real time according to the value of the thermometer 2 (27) to maintain the temperature of the heat transfer oil outlet (19) of the magnesium-based solid storage tank (17) at about 300°C, with a temperature error of ≤5%.

[0038] Technical Effects

[0039] The present invention provides a solid oxide electrolytic cell-magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage device system and a hydrogen charging control method thereof, which have the advantages of high electrolysis efficiency, high volume hydrogen storage density, and convenient operation method.

[0040] Firstly, the present invention utilizes fuzzy intelligent control technology to adjust the flow rate of heat exchange medium, controls the hydrogen absorption temperature online, and realizes the rapid transfer of heat in the hydrogen absorption process.

[0041] Secondly, the present invention designs the optimal heat integration path of magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage and solid oxide electrolyzer, recovers the heat generated during the hydrogen absorption process, and improves the electrolysis efficiency of the solid oxide electrolyzer.

[0042] The present invention has low safety risk, high energy efficiency and low cost, and is of great significance to the promotion and application of electrolytic hydrogen production technology and hydrogen storage and transportation technology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a solid oxide electrolytic cell-magnesium-based solid-state device system of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a magnesium-based solid-state storage tank according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of a hydrogen charging control system of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a hydrogen filling rate curve of a magnesium-based solid-state storage tank according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The following describes the preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the specification, so that the technical content is clearer and easier to understand. The present invention can be embodied in many different forms of embodiments, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments mentioned in the text.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] In the drawings, components with the same structure are indicated by the same numerical labels, and components with similar structures or functions are indicated by similar numerical labels. The size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrarily shown, and the present invention does not limit the size and thickness of each component. In order to make the illustration clearer, some parts in the drawings are appropriately exaggerated.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, a solid oxide electrolytic cell-magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage device system comprises a solid oxide electrolytic cell (1), a magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage device (12), and a hydrogen charging control system (14);

[0051] The magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage device (12) is composed of at least one magnesium-based solid-state storage tank (17), wherein the magnesium-based solid-state storage tank (17) has a hydrogen inlet (18), a heat transfer oil inlet (25), a heat transfer oil outlet (19), a magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage material (21), a thermometer 1 (27) for measuring the internal temperature of the magnesium-based solid-state storage tank (17), and a thermometer 2 (26) for measuring the heat transfer oil outlet temperature of the magnesium-based solid-state storage tank (17); a plurality of porous trays (20) are arranged inside the magnesium-based solid-state storage tank (17), and the porous trays (20) are arranged at intervals to support the magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage material (21); the magnesium-based solid-state storage tank (17) has a heat exchange pipe (22), and the heat exchange pipe (22) is a spiral pipe; the stacking volume of the magnesium-based hydrogen storage material (21) accounts for 70-80% of the magnesium-based solid-state storage tank (17).

[0052] An evaporator (2), a condenser (3), a dryer (4) and a hydrogen compressor (9) are provided between the solid oxide electrolyzer (1) and the magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage device (12), and are connected via a hydrogen / hydrogen-rich gas flow pipeline, wherein the hydrogen inlet (18) of the magnesium-based solid storage tank (17) is connected to the hydrogen compressor (9) via a first three-way valve (10);

[0053] The heat exchanger (7) is also connected to the water feed pump (15), the evaporator (2) and the solid oxide electrolytic cell (1) respectively through water / water vapor pipelines; a first regulating valve (8) is provided at the other end of the water feed pump (15); a second regulating valve (16) is provided between the thermal oil storage tank (5) and the thermal oil pump (6);

[0054] The hydrogen charging control system (14) corrects the valve opening of the first three-way valve (10) in real time according to the value of the thermometer 1 (26) to maintain the internal average temperature of the magnesium-based solid-state storage tank (17); the hydrogen charging control system (14) corrects the valve opening of the second three-way valve (13) in real time according to the value of the thermometer 2 (27) to maintain the temperature of the heat transfer oil outlet (19) of the magnesium-based solid-state storage tank (17).

[0055] like Figure 2 As shown, the volume of the magnesium-based solid storage tank (17) is about 0.5m 3 , including a hydrogen inlet (18), a heat transfer oil inlet (25), a heat transfer oil outlet (19), a magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material (21), a heat exchange pipe (22), a porous tray (20), a gap (25), a stainless steel outer wall (23), a thermometer 1 (26) and a thermometer 2 (27); the total hydrogen storage capacity is 50 kg. The heat exchange pipe (22) is arranged in the middle of the magnesium-based solid storage tank (17), and the heat exchange pipe (22) is a straight pipe, a spiral pipe or a U-shaped pipe; the porous tray (20) is arranged at intervals inside the magnesium-based solid storage tank (17) to support the magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material (21), and the total filling amount of the solid hydrogen storage material is about 720 kg.

[0056] like Figure 3 As shown, the hydrogen charging control system includes an error comparison device (37), an error signal change rate solver (35), a fuzzy logic control system (34) and a PID controller (36). Specifically, the hydrogen charging control system (14) corrects the valve opening of the first three-way valve (10) in real time according to the value of the thermometer 1 (26) to maintain the internal average temperature of the magnesium-based solid storage tank (17); the hydrogen charging control system (14) corrects the valve opening of the second three-way valve (13) in real time according to the value of the thermometer 2 (27) to maintain the temperature of the heat transfer oil outlet (19) of the magnesium-based solid storage tank (17), which can maximize the electrolysis efficiency by about 10%.

[0057] like Figure 4 As shown, it is the hydrogen charging rate curve at 1MPa hydrogen charging pressure and constant hydrogen charging temperatures of 200℃, 300℃ and 400℃.

[0058] The magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage device (12) begins to charge hydrogen and perform heat exchange with the solid oxide electrolytic cell (1) according to the following steps.

[0059] S0: Preheating and starting the solid oxide electrolytic cell (1) using existing technology to start generating hydrogen.

[0060] S1: The outlet gas (600-900°C) of the solid oxide electrolytic cell (1) flows through the evaporator (2), and then passes through the condenser (3), the drying filter (4), the hydrogen compressor (9), and the first three-way valve (10) before entering the magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage device (12). The hydrogen filling pressure of the magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage device (12) is about 1 MPa.

[0061] S2: The heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil storage tank (5) enters the magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage device (12) after passing through the second regulating valve (16), the heat transfer oil pump (6), and the second three-way valve (13) in sequence, and then flows through the heat exchange pipe inside the magnesium-based solid storage tank (17) to (22), where the temperature rises to about 300°C.

[0062] S3: The high-temperature heat transfer oil flows out from the heat transfer oil outlet (19) of the magnesium-based solid storage tank (17), is mixed in the mixer (11), and then flows into the heat transfer oil storage tank (5) after heat exchange in the heat exchanger (7).

[0063] S4: The feed water passes through the first regulating valve (8), the feed water pump (15), the heat exchanger (7) and the evaporator (2) to become high-temperature steam (600-900°C) and then enters the solid oxide electrolytic cell (1).

[0064] S5: recovering heat generated during the hydrogen charging process of the magnesium-based solid storage tank (17) through heat transfer oil, which is used for evaporation and heating of feed water for the solid oxide electrolyzer (1);

[0065] The hydrogen charging control system (14) corrects the valve opening of the first three-way valve (10) in real time according to the value of the thermometer 1 (26), so as to maintain the average temperature inside the magnesium-based solid storage tank (17) at about 400° C.; the hydrogen charging control system (14) corrects the valve opening of the second three-way valve (13) in real time according to the value of the thermometer 2 (27), so as to maintain the temperature of the heat transfer oil outlet (19) of the magnesium-based solid storage tank (17) at about 300° C.

Claims

1. A solid oxide electrolytic cell-magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage device system, comprising a solid oxide electrolytic cell (1), a magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage device (12), and a hydrogen charging control system (14); The magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage device (12) is composed of at least one magnesium-based solid-state storage tank (17), wherein the magnesium-based solid-state storage tank (17) has a hydrogen inlet (18), a heat transfer oil inlet (25), a heat transfer oil outlet (19), a magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage material (21), a thermometer 1 (27) for measuring the internal temperature of the magnesium-based solid-state storage tank (17), and a thermometer 2 (26) for measuring the heat transfer oil outlet temperature of the magnesium-based solid-state storage tank (17); An evaporator (2), a condenser (3), a dryer (4) and a hydrogen compressor (9) are provided between the solid oxide electrolytic cell (1) and the magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage device (12), and are connected via a hydrogen / hydrogen-rich gas flow pipeline, wherein: The hydrogen inlet (18) of the magnesium-based solid storage tank (17) is connected to the hydrogen compressor (9) via a first three-way valve (10); The heat transfer oil outlet (19) of the magnesium-based solid storage tank (17) is connected in sequence to a mixer (11), a heat exchanger (7), a heat transfer oil storage tank (5), a heat transfer oil pump (6) and a heat transfer oil inlet (25) of the magnesium-based solid storage tank (17) through a heat transfer oil flow pipeline, wherein the heat transfer oil inlet (25) of the magnesium-based solid storage tank (17) is connected to the heat transfer oil pump (6) through a second three-way valve (13); The heat exchanger (7) is also connected to the water feed pump (15), the evaporator (2) and the solid oxide electrolytic cell (1) respectively through water / steam pipelines; The hydrogen charging control system (14) corrects the valve opening of the first three-way valve (10) in real time according to the value of the thermometer 1 (26) to maintain the internal average temperature of the magnesium-based solid-state storage tank (17); the hydrogen charging control system (14) corrects the valve opening of the second three-way valve (13) in real time according to the value of the thermometer 2 (27) to maintain the temperature of the heat transfer oil outlet (19) of the magnesium-based solid-state storage tank (17).

2. The solid oxide electrolyzer-magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage device system according to claim 1, wherein: A first regulating valve (8) is provided at the other end of the water supply pump (15); and a second regulating valve (16) is provided between the thermal oil storage tank (5) and the thermal oil pump (6).

3. The solid oxide electrolyzer-magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage device system according to claim 1, wherein: A plurality of porous trays (20) are arranged inside the magnesium-based solid-state storage tank (17), and the porous trays (20) are arranged at intervals to support magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage materials (21).

4. The solid oxide electrolyzer-magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage device system according to claim 1, wherein: The magnesium-based solid storage tank (17) has a heat exchange pipe (22), and the heat exchange pipe (22) is a straight pipe, a spiral pipe or a U-shaped pipe.

5. The solid oxide electrolyzer-magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage device system according to claim 1, wherein: The stacked volume of the magnesium-based hydrogen storage material (21) accounts for 70-80% of the magnesium-based solid storage tank (17).

6. The solid oxide electrolyzer-magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage device system according to claim 1, wherein: The hydrogen charging control system (14) comprises an error comparison device (37), an error signal change rate solver (35), a fuzzy logic control system (34) and a PID controller (36).

7. The hydrogen charging control method of the solid oxide electrolyzer-magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage device system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising: S1: The outlet gas of the solid oxide electrolytic cell (1) flows through the evaporator (2), and then sequentially passes through the condenser (3), the drying filter (4), the hydrogen compressor (9), and the first three-way valve (10) before entering the magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage device (12); S2: The heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil storage tank (5) enters the magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage device (12) after passing through the second regulating valve (16), the heat transfer oil pump (6), and the second three-way valve (13) in sequence, and the temperature increases after flowing through the heat exchange pipe (22) inside the magnesium-based solid storage tank (17); S3: The high-temperature heat transfer oil flows out from the heat transfer oil outlet (19) of the magnesium-based solid storage tank (17), is mixed in the mixer (11), and then flows into the heat transfer oil storage tank (5) after heat exchange in the heat exchanger (7); S4: the feed water passes through the first regulating valve (8), the feed water pump (15), the heat exchanger (7) and the evaporator (2) to become high-temperature steam, and then enters the solid oxide electrolytic cell (1); S5: recovering heat generated during the hydrogen charging process of the magnesium-based solid storage tank (17) through heat transfer oil, which is used for evaporation and heating of feed water for the solid oxide electrolyzer (1); The hydrogen charging control system (14) corrects the valve opening of the first three-way valve (10) in real time according to the value of the thermometer 1 (26) to maintain the internal average temperature of the magnesium-based solid-state storage tank (17); the hydrogen charging control system (14) corrects the valve opening of the second three-way valve (13) in real time according to the value of the thermometer 2 (27) to maintain the temperature of the heat transfer oil outlet (19) of the magnesium-based solid-state storage tank (17).

8. The hydrogen charging control method according to claim 7, wherein: In S1, the hydrogen filling pressure of the magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage device (12) is 1 MPa.

9. A hydrogen charging control method based on fuzzy logic, the method comprising: S11: Comparing the control system input signal (38) and the feedback signal (39) through the error comparison device (37) to form an error signal, and inputting the error signal into the error signal change rate solver (35) to obtain an error change rate signal, wherein the control system input signal (38) is the internal temperature of the magnesium-based solid storage tank (17) and the temperature of the heat transfer oil outlet (19). The set value of the temperature, the feedback signal (39) is the actual measured value of the thermometer 1 (26) and the thermometer 2 (27); S12: The fuzzy logic control system (34) takes the error signal and the error signal change rate as input, and obtains the proportional signal, integral signal and differential signal correction parameters of the PID controller (36) after fuzzy rule reasoning, wherein the error signal membership function (28) and the error change rate signal membership function (29) are Gaussian functions, and the specific calculation method is: The proportional correction signal membership function (31), the integral correction signal membership function (32) and the integral correction signal membership function (33) are triangular membership functions, and the specific calculation method is: S13: Correct the control parameters of the PID controller (36) by: Wherein, kp, ki, kd are real-time control parameters of the PID controller (36), kp0, ki0, kd0 are initial control parameters of the PID controller (36), Δkp0, Δki0, Δkd0 are real-time control parameters of the PID controller (36), and are output correction parameters of the fuzzy logic control system (34); The control output parameter of the PID controller (36) is: Wherein, kp, ki, kd are real-time control parameters of the PID controller (36), e(t) is an error signal between a set value and an actual system output, and u(t) is a control signal (40) for controlling the valve opening of the first three-way valve (10) and the second three-way valve (13).

10. The hydrogen charging control method based on fuzzy logic according to claim 9, wherein: The hydrogen charging control system (14) corrects the valve opening of the first three-way valve (10) in real time according to the value of the thermometer 1 (26) to maintain the average temperature inside the magnesium-based solid storage tank (17) at 400° C.; the hydrogen charging control system (14) corrects the valve opening of the second three-way valve (13) in real time according to the value of the thermometer 2 (27) to maintain the temperature of the heat transfer oil outlet (19) of the magnesium-based solid storage tank (17) at 300° C., with a temperature error of ≤±5%.

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