Combined cooling and power system suitable for low-temperature heat source

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of energy recovery, and discloses a combined cooling and power supply system suitable for a low-temperature heat source, which comprises a condenser, a water cooling tower, a first working medium pump, an evaporator, a heat source, an expansion machine, a generator, a throttle valve, a refrigerator and a second working medium pump, the system further comprises a central processor, a data acquisition unit, a monitoring unit, a control strategy unit, an execution mechanism unit, a fault diagnosis and protection unit, a safe operation unit, a maintenance unit and a sensor and detection unit. According to the system, a low-temperature heat source is effectively utilized through organic Rankine cycle, the energy utilization efficiency is remarkably improved, compared with a traditional energy recovery system, the system can operate in a lower temperature range, more heat energy which is originally difficult to utilize is recovered, the system not only can generate electricity, but also can convey cold air outwards through the refrigeration cycle system, and the energy utilization efficiency is improved. Combined cold and power supply is realized, the flexibility and adaptability of the system are improved, and the problems of environmental pollution and climate change are relieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of energy recovery, and in particular to a cooling and power cogeneration system suitable for a low-temperature heat source. Background Art

[0002] Low-temperature heat sources usually refer to waste heat resources with relatively low temperatures (such as tens to hundreds of degrees Celsius). These resources are widely present in industrial occasions such as metallurgy, chemical industry, building materials, etc., such as flue gas waste heat, cooling medium waste heat, waste water and waste gas waste heat, etc. By recovering low-temperature waste heat, it can be converted into useful thermal energy or electrical energy, thereby reducing dependence on traditional energy and improving overall energy utilization efficiency. Low-temperature waste heat recovery technology can reduce the company's energy consumption and waste emissions, thereby reducing production costs. Low-temperature waste heat recovery can reduce thermal pollution caused by waste heat emissions, which is of great significance to environmental protection.

[0003] The existing energy recovery systems currently have the problem of low recovery efficiency and are unable to fully utilize the thermal energy in low-temperature heat sources. Some energy recovery systems only have a single power generation or heating function and are unable to meet the diverse needs of users. This causes the system to be idle during the non-heating season or during the low electricity consumption period, reducing the system's utilization rate and economic benefits, and limiting the overall performance improvement and cost reduction of the energy recovery system. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a combined cooling and power system suitable for a low-temperature heat source to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a cooling and power cogeneration system suitable for low-temperature heat sources, comprising:

[0006] Condenser, water cooling tower, first working fluid pump, evaporator, heat source, expander, generator, throttle valve, refrigerator, second working fluid pump; and

[0007] Central processing unit, data acquisition unit, monitoring unit, control strategy unit, actuator unit, fault diagnosis and protection unit, safe operation unit, maintenance and servicing unit and sensor and detection unit.

[0008] Further, the condenser is connected to a water cooling tower, the condenser is connected to a first working fluid pump, the first working fluid pump is connected to an evaporator, the evaporator is connected to a heat source, the evaporator is connected to an expander, the expander is connected to a generator, the expander is connected to a condenser, the condenser is connected to a throttle valve, the throttle valve is connected to a refrigerator, the refrigerator is connected to a second working fluid pump, and the second working fluid pump is connected to the condenser.

[0009] Furthermore, the data acquisition unit includes a sensor module, a signal conditioning module, a data acquisition card, a data processing module and a communication interface module. The sensor module is used to measure and convert various physical quantities into measurable electrical signals. The signal conditioning module is used to amplify, filter and linearize the electrical signals output by the sensor module. The data acquisition card is the core module of the data acquisition unit and is responsible for converting the signal-conditioned electrical signals into digital signals and storing and processing them. The data processing module is responsible for further processing and analysis of the collected digital signals, including filtering, denoising, data compression and feature extraction. The communication interface module is responsible for transmitting the processed data to the central control unit via wired or wireless means.

[0010] Furthermore, the monitoring unit includes a data processing and analysis module, a monitoring and alarm module, a control execution module and a communication module. The data processing and analysis module processes the temperature, pressure and flow parameter data of the evaporator, condenser, expander and working fluid pump collected in real time. The monitoring and alarm module monitors the operating status of the system in real time based on the results of data processing and analysis. Once the system deviates from the normal operating range or a fault occurs, the alarm mechanism is immediately triggered to notify the operator or automatically take emergency measures. The control execution module automatically adjusts the operating parameters of the system according to the output signal of the monitoring and alarm module to maintain the stable operation of the system or avoid the expansion of the fault. The communication module is used to realize the communication between the system and the superior monitoring system or the remote monitoring center, transmit the data of the system operating status and alarm information, and support remote monitoring and fault diagnosis.

[0011] Furthermore, the control strategy unit includes a control strategy formulation module, a control execution module, a feedback and adjustment module, and a human-computer interaction and remote monitoring module. The control strategy formulation module formulates a corresponding control strategy based on the results of data processing and analysis. The control execution module adjusts the operating parameters of the system according to the output signal of the control strategy formulation module, and achieves this by controlling the speed of the working fluid pump, the air intake volume of the expander, and the flow rate of cooling water. The feedback and adjustment module monitors and evaluates the effect of the control execution module. If it is found that the system operating status does not meet the expected goal, the control strategy is adjusted and optimized according to the feedback information. The human-computer interaction and remote monitoring module provides a user interface so that operators can easily view the real-time operating status, historical data, and alarm information of the system.

[0012] Furthermore, the actuator unit includes a working fluid pump control module, an expander control module, a cooling water system control module, and an auxiliary equipment control module. The working fluid pump control module is used to control the operating status of the first working fluid pump and the second working fluid pump to maintain the circulation flow and appropriate flow of the working fluid in the system. By receiving instructions from the control system, the motor drive of the first working fluid pump and the second working fluid pump is adjusted to achieve precise control of the working fluid flow. The expander control module is used to control the air intake and working status of the expander to adjust the expansion work process of the steam, thereby affecting the power generation efficiency or refrigeration effect of the system. The cooling water system control module is used to control the flow and temperature of cooling water to ensure that the condenser can effectively condense steam into liquid working fluid. By adjusting the speed of the cooling water pump and the fan speed of the cooling tower, precise control of the cooling water flow is achieved; at the same time, by monitoring the temperature of the cooling water, the operating status of the cooling system is adjusted in time to maintain the condensation effect. The auxiliary equipment control module is used to control the operating status of other auxiliary equipment in the system.

[0013] Furthermore, the fault diagnosis and protection unit includes a sensor monitoring module, a fault diagnosis module, and an alarm and communication module. The sensor monitoring module monitors various operating parameters of the system in real time through various sensors installed in the system, and preliminarily determines whether the system is in a normal state by comparing the actual operating parameters with the set values ​​or the normal range. The fault diagnosis module conducts an in-depth analysis of the processed data, identifies abnormalities or fault phenomena in the system, and gives preliminary diagnostic results to help operators quickly locate the source of the fault. During the fault diagnosis or protection execution process, the alarm and communication module promptly sends an alarm signal and transmits the fault information to the remote monitoring center or relevant personnel through the communication interface.

[0014] Furthermore, the safe operation unit includes an emergency shutdown module, an overheating protection module, a fire prevention module, a leakage detection module, an antifreeze module, and an electrical safety module. The emergency shutdown module is used to quickly cut off the power supply of key components and shut down in time when the system detects a serious fault or abnormal situation. The overheating protection module is responsible for monitoring the temperature of key components in the system and taking corresponding protective measures when the temperature exceeds the safety limit. The fire prevention module monitors various parameters in the system that may cause a fire in real time. When abnormal parameters are detected, the fire prevention module will use a built-in algorithm to perform intelligent analysis of the data to determine whether there is a fire risk. Once it is confirmed that there is a fire risk or a fire has occurred, the fire prevention module will immediately start a predetermined emergency response procedure. The leakage detection module monitors possible leaks in the system in real time through sensors installed at key locations of the system. The sensors can capture changes in pressure, temperature or flow parameters caused by leaks. The collected data will be transmitted to the central processing unit for processing and analysis. The central processing unit will determine whether there is a leak and the location and extent of the leak based on the preset thresholds and algorithms. The temperature sensors installed in the key parts of the antifreeze module monitor the temperature of the working fluid in real time. The collected temperature data will be transmitted to the control strategy unit. The control strategy unit will determine whether the current temperature is lower than the freezing point of the working fluid and whether there is a risk of freezing based on the preset thresholds and algorithms. Once the control strategy unit determines that there is a risk of freezing, the antifreeze module will immediately initiate corresponding protection measures. The electrical safety module monitors the key electrical parameters of current, voltage, frequency, and insulation resistance in real time through sensors and monitoring equipment installed in the electrical part of the system. The collected electrical data will be transmitted to the control strategy unit. The control strategy unit will determine whether the current electrical state is safe and whether there is a potential risk of electrical failure based on the preset thresholds and algorithms.

[0015] Furthermore, the maintenance and servicing unit includes a regular inspection and testing module, a cleaning and descaling module, a lubrication and sealing inspection module, an electrical system inspection module, a maintenance and servicing record management module, and a fault diagnosis and troubleshooting module. The regular inspection and testing module is used to regularly inspect and test various components of the system, including sensors, valves, pipes, pumps, expanders, and generators. The cleaning and descaling module removes dirt, sediments, and other impurities inside the system to keep the system clean and unobstructed, and cleans the evaporator, condenser, and pipe components to prevent the heat transfer efficiency from decreasing. The lubrication and sealing inspection module inspects and maintains the lubrication system and sealing device of the system to ensure that they work properly, prevent leakage and wear, replace or replenish lubricants, inspect the wear of seals, and replace damaged seals in time. The electrical system inspection module inspects the electrical part of the system, including motors, cables, and control systems, to ensure that they operate safely and reliably. The maintenance and servicing record management module records the maintenance and servicing activities of the system, including inspection time, inspection results, and treatment measures, so as to facilitate subsequent tracking and analysis. The fault diagnosis and troubleshooting module is used to quickly and accurately diagnose the problem when a fault occurs in the system, and take corresponding measures to eliminate it.

[0016] Furthermore, the sensor and monitoring unit includes a temperature sensor module, a pressure sensor module, a flow sensor module, a liquid level sensor module, a vibration and speed sensor module, and an alarm and protection module. The temperature sensor module is used to monitor the temperature of each key component in the system in real time, including the evaporator, the condenser, and the expander inlet and outlet. The pressure sensor module is used to monitor the pressure change of the working fluid in the system to ensure that it operates within a safe range. The flow sensor module measures the flow rate of the working fluid in the system to ensure that the flow rate is stable and meets the design requirements. The liquid level sensor module is used to monitor the liquid level of the condenser in the system to prevent the liquid level from being too high or too low. The vibration and speed sensor module is used to monitor the vibration and speed of the rotating parts of the expander, the first working fluid pump, and the second working fluid pump. The alarm and protection module can automatically trigger an alarm and take corresponding protection measures when the detected parameters exceed the preset range.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The present invention effectively utilizes low-temperature heat sources through the organic Rankine cycle, converting low-grade thermal energy that might otherwise be wasted into electrical energy and cold energy, significantly improving energy utilization efficiency. Compared with traditional energy recovery systems, the system can operate within a lower temperature range, thereby recovering more thermal energy that was originally difficult to utilize. The system not only generates electricity, but can also transport cold air to the outside through a refrigeration cycle system, thereby achieving combined cooling and electricity and meeting the diverse needs of different users. This versatility enables the system to function in different seasons and scenarios, improving the flexibility and adaptability of the system. By recovering low-temperature heat sources for power generation and refrigeration, it reduces fossil fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, and helps alleviate environmental pollution and climate change problems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is the system principle diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a data acquisition unit in the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the monitoring unit in the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the control strategy unit in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the actuator unit in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a fault diagnosis and protection unit in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a safe operation unit in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the maintenance and servicing unit in the present invention;

[0027] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the sensor and monitoring unit in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] See also Figure 1-9 As shown, a combined cooling and power generation system suitable for a low-temperature heat source comprises:

[0030] Condenser, water cooling tower, first working fluid pump, evaporator, heat source, expander, generator, throttle valve, refrigerator, second working fluid pump; and

[0031] Central processing unit, data acquisition unit, monitoring unit, control strategy unit, actuator unit, fault diagnosis and protection unit, safe operation unit, maintenance and servicing unit and sensor and detection unit. The present invention effectively utilizes low-temperature heat sources through the organic Rankine cycle, converts low-grade thermal energy that may have been wasted into electrical energy and cold energy, and significantly improves energy utilization efficiency. Compared with traditional energy recovery systems, the system can operate within a lower temperature range, thereby recovering more thermal energy that was originally difficult to utilize. The system not only generates electricity, but also can transport cold air to the outside through a refrigeration cycle system, realizing the combined supply of cold and electricity, and meeting the diverse needs of different users. This versatility enables the system to function in different seasons and scenarios, improves the flexibility and adaptability of the system, and reduces the consumption of fossil fuels and greenhouse gas emissions by recovering low-temperature heat sources for power generation and refrigeration, which helps to alleviate environmental pollution and climate change problems.

[0032] The condenser is connected to the water cooling tower, the condenser is connected to the first working fluid pump, the first working fluid pump is connected to the evaporator, the evaporator is connected to the heat source, the evaporator is connected to the expander, the expander is connected to the generator, the expander is connected to the condenser, the condenser is connected to the throttle valve, the throttle valve is connected to the refrigerator, the refrigerator is connected to the second working fluid pump, and the second working fluid pump is connected to the condenser.

[0033] The data acquisition unit includes a sensor module, a signal conditioning module, a data acquisition card, a data processing module and a communication interface module. The sensor module is used to measure and convert various physical quantities into measurable electrical signals. The signal conditioning module is used to amplify, filter and linearize the electrical signals output by the sensor module to facilitate subsequent data acquisition and processing. Through signal conditioning, the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal can be improved, noise and interference can be eliminated, and the signal can be made more stable and reliable. The data acquisition card is the core module of the data acquisition unit. It is responsible for converting the electrical signals after signal conditioning into digital signals, and storing and processing them. The data acquisition card can be connected to a computer or other control device through a bus (such as PCI, PXI, USB) to realize real-time data transmission and processing. The data processing module is responsible for further processing and analysis of the collected digital signals, such as filtering, denoising, data compression, and feature extraction. Through data processing, the availability and reliability of the data can be improved to provide support for subsequent control decisions. The communication interface module is responsible for transmitting the processed data to the central control unit or other related equipment by wired or wireless means. The reliability and stability of the communication interface directly affect the real-time transmission of data and the overall performance of the system.

[0034] The monitoring unit includes a data processing and analysis module, a monitoring and alarm module, a control execution module and a communication module. The data processing and analysis module processes the temperature, pressure and flow parameter data of the evaporator, condenser, expander and working fluid pump collected in real time to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the data, and further analyzes the processed data to determine whether the system is in normal operation and identify potential faults or abnormal conditions. The monitoring and alarm module monitors the operating status of the system in real time based on the results of data processing and analysis. Once the system deviates from the normal operating range or fails, the alarm mechanism is immediately triggered to notify the operator or automatically take emergency measures. The alarm form can include sound alarm, light signal alarm, screen display of alarm information and other methods. The control execution module automatically adjusts the operating parameters of the system according to the output signal of the monitoring and alarm module to maintain the stable operation of the system or avoid the expansion of faults. The control execution module is used to control the speed of the working fluid pump and the air intake of the expander. The communication module is used to realize the communication between the system and the superior monitoring system or the remote monitoring center, transmit the data of the system operating status and alarm information, support remote monitoring and fault diagnosis, and improve the maintainability and reliability of the system.

[0035] The control strategy unit includes a control strategy formulation module, a control execution module, a feedback and adjustment module, and a human-computer interaction and remote monitoring module. The control strategy formulation module formulates corresponding control strategies based on the results of data processing and analysis. These strategies aim to optimize the system's operating efficiency, improve energy utilization, reduce energy consumption and emissions, and ensure the stable operation of the system, including load tracking control, optimal working fluid flow control, and temperature and pressure optimization control. The control execution module adjusts the system's operating parameters according to the output signal of the control strategy formulation module, and achieves this by controlling the speed of the working fluid pump, the air intake of the expander, and the flow of cooling water. The feedback and adjustment module monitors and evaluates the effect of the control execution module. If it is found that the system operating status does not meet the expected goals, the control strategy is adjusted and optimized according to the feedback information, including adjusting control parameters, switching control modes, and introducing new control algorithms. The human-computer interaction and remote monitoring module provides a friendly user interface, allowing operators to easily view the system's real-time operating status, historical data, alarm information, etc. At the same time, it supports remote monitoring and fault diagnosis to improve the maintainability and reliability of the system.

[0036] The actuator unit includes a working fluid pump control module, an expander control module, a cooling water system control module, and an auxiliary equipment control module. The working fluid pump control module is used to control the operating status of the first working fluid pump and the second working fluid pump, such as starting, stopping, and adjusting the speed, so as to maintain the circulation flow and appropriate flow of the working fluid in the system. By receiving the command of the control system, the motor drive of the first working fluid pump and the second working fluid pump is adjusted to achieve precise control of the working fluid flow. The expander control module is used to control the air intake and working status of the expander to adjust the expansion work process of the steam, thereby affecting the power generation efficiency or refrigeration effect of the system. By adjusting the air intake valve of the expander or changing its speed, the steam flow can be precisely controlled to achieve the desired effect. To match the load demand of the system, the cooling water system control module is used to control the flow and temperature of the cooling water to ensure that the condenser can effectively condense the steam into liquid working fluid. By adjusting the speed of the cooling water pump and the fan speed of the cooling tower, etc., the cooling water flow can be accurately controlled; at the same time, by monitoring the temperature of the cooling water, the operating status of the cooling system is adjusted in time to maintain the condensation effect. The auxiliary equipment control module is used to control the operating status of other auxiliary equipment in the system, such as heaters, filters, oil lubrication systems, etc. These auxiliary equipment play an important role in ensuring the long-term stable operation of the system and extending the life of the equipment. By accurately controlling the operating status of these devices, the overall performance and reliability of the system can be improved.

[0037] The fault diagnosis and protection unit includes a sensor monitoring module, a fault diagnosis module, and an alarm and communication module. The sensor monitoring module monitors the various operating parameters of the system, such as temperature, pressure, flow, speed, etc., in real time through various sensors installed in the system (such as temperature sensors, pressure sensors, flow sensors, etc.). Sensor data is the basis of fault diagnosis. By comparing the actual operating parameters with the set values ​​or normal ranges, it can be preliminarily determined whether the system is in a normal state. The fault diagnosis module conducts in-depth analysis of the processed data, identifies abnormalities or fault phenomena in the system, and gives preliminary diagnostic results to help operators quickly locate the source of the fault and provide guidance for subsequent fault handling. During the fault diagnosis or protection execution process, the alarm and communication module promptly sends out an alarm signal and transmits the fault information to the remote monitoring center or relevant personnel through the communication interface, thereby improving the fault response speed and realizing remote monitoring and centralized management of faults.

[0038] The safe operation unit includes an emergency shutdown module, an overheat protection module, a fire prevention module, a leakage detection module, an antifreeze module, and an electrical safety module. The emergency shutdown module can quickly cut off the power supply of key components when the system detects a serious fault or abnormal situation, and shut down in time, which can protect key equipment such as generators and condensers from excessive wear, overheating or mechanical damage, and extend the service life of the equipment. The overheat protection module is responsible for monitoring the temperature of key components in the system, and taking corresponding protective measures when the temperature exceeds the safety limit to prevent equipment from being damaged by overheating or causing safety accidents such as fire. The fire prevention module will monitor various parameters in the system that may cause fire in real time. When abnormal parameters are detected, the fire prevention module will use the built-in algorithm to intelligently analyze the data to determine whether there is a fire risk. Once it is confirmed that there is a fire risk or a fire has occurred, the fire prevention module will immediately start the predetermined emergency response program, such as automatically cutting off the relevant power supply, starting the fire extinguishing device, and issuing a fire alarm. The leakage detection module uses sensors installed in key parts of the system to monitor possible leaks in the system in real time. These sensors can capture changes in parameters such as pressure, temperature or flow caused by leaks. The collected data will be transmitted to the central processor for processing and analysis. The central processor will determine whether there is a leak and determine the location and extent of the leak based on the preset thresholds and algorithms. The temperature sensors installed in the key parts of the antifreeze module monitor the temperature of the working fluid in real time, especially the temperature in the condenser and its related pipes. The collected temperature data will be transmitted to the control strategy unit. The control strategy unit will determine whether the current temperature is lower than the freezing point of the working fluid and whether there is a risk of freezing based on the preset thresholds and algorithms. Once the control strategy unit determines that there is a risk of freezing, the antifreeze module will immediately initiate corresponding protection measures, including adjusting the flow or temperature of the cooling water, heating the condenser or its related pipes, and shutting down the system in some cases to avoid further damage. The electrical safety module monitors key electrical parameters such as current, voltage, frequency, insulation resistance, etc. in real time through sensors and monitoring equipment installed in the electrical part of the system. The collected electrical data will be transmitted to the control strategy unit. The control strategy unit will determine whether the current electrical state is safe and whether there is a potential risk of electrical failure based on the preset thresholds and algorithms. Once an abnormal electrical parameter is detected or there is a risk of electrical failure, the electrical safety module will immediately initiate automatic protection measures, such as cutting off the faulty circuit, reducing the system load, etc., and issue an alarm to notify the operator.

[0039] The maintenance and servicing unit includes a regular inspection and testing module, a cleaning and descaling module, a lubrication and sealing inspection module, an electrical system inspection module, a maintenance and servicing record management module, and a fault diagnosis and troubleshooting module. The regular inspection and testing module is used to regularly inspect and test various components of the system, including sensors, valves, pipes, pumps, expanders, generators, etc., to ensure that they are in good condition, including appearance inspection, functional testing, and performance evaluation. The cleaning and descaling module removes dirt, sediments and other impurities inside the system to keep the system clean and unobstructed, and cleans the evaporator, condenser, pipes and other components to prevent a decrease in heat transfer efficiency. The lubrication and sealing inspection module inspects and maintains the system's lubrication system and sealing devices. Ensure that they work properly, prevent leakage and wear, replace or replenish lubricants, check the wear of seals, and replace damaged seals in time. The electrical system inspection module checks the electrical parts of the system, including motors, cables, control systems, etc., to ensure their safe and reliable operation, and conducts insulation tests, grounding checks, cable connection checks, etc. The maintenance and servicing record management module records the maintenance and servicing activities of the system, including inspection time, inspection results, treatment measures, etc., for subsequent tracking and analysis, establishes maintenance and servicing files, updates records regularly, and ensures the integrity and traceability of information. The fault diagnosis and troubleshooting module is used to quickly and accurately diagnose the problem when the system fails, and take appropriate measures to eliminate it.

[0040] The sensor and monitoring unit includes a temperature sensor module, a pressure sensor module, a flow sensor module, a liquid level sensor module, a vibration and speed sensor module, and an alarm and protection module. The temperature sensor module is used to monitor the temperature of each key component in the system in real time, including the evaporator, condenser, and expander inlet and outlet. By measuring the temperature, the thermal efficiency of the system can be evaluated to prevent equipment damage caused by overheating or overcooling. The pressure sensor module is used to monitor the pressure change of the working fluid in the system to ensure that it operates within a safe range. The flow sensor module measures the flow rate of the working fluid in the system to ensure that the flow rate is stable and meets the design requirements. The liquid level sensor module is used to monitor the liquid level of the condenser in the system to prevent the liquid level from being too high or too low. The vibration and speed sensor module is used to monitor the vibration and speed of the rotating parts of the expander, the first working fluid pump, and the second working fluid pump. The alarm and protection module can automatically trigger an alarm and take corresponding protection measures when the detected parameters exceed the preset range.

[0041] Working principle: The circulating working fluid coming out of the condenser is pressurized by the first working fluid pump and then exchanges heat with the low-temperature heat source (such as 90-100℃ hot water) in the evaporator, becoming a high-temperature and high-pressure state, expanding and doing work in the expander, driving the coaxial generator to rotate and generate electricity. After expanding and doing work, the working fluid exchanges heat with the cooling water in the condenser and becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure state, completing a cycle. The circulating working fluid coming out of the condenser is further cooled and reduced in pressure after passing through the throttle valve on the other side, exchanges heat with the high-temperature environment in the refrigerator to cool the environment, and the circulating working fluid becomes a high-temperature and low-pressure state, and then is pressurized by the second working fluid pump and transported to the condenser for cooling, completing a cycle.

[0042] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0043] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A combined cooling and power system suitable for low-temperature heat sources, characterized in that: include: Condenser, water cooling tower, first working fluid pump, evaporator, heat source, expander, generator, throttle valve, refrigerator, second working fluid pump; as well as Central processing unit, data acquisition unit, monitoring unit, control strategy unit, actuator unit, fault diagnosis and protection unit, safe operation unit, maintenance and servicing unit and sensor and detection unit.

2. A combined cooling and power system suitable for low-temperature heat sources according to claim 1, characterized in that: The condenser is connected to a water cooling tower, the condenser is connected to a first working fluid pump, the first working fluid pump is connected to an evaporator, the evaporator is connected to a heat source, the evaporator is connected to an expander, the expander is connected to a generator, the expander is connected to a condenser, the condenser is connected to a throttle valve, the throttle valve is connected to a refrigerator, the refrigerator is connected to a second working fluid pump, and the second working fluid pump is connected to the condenser.

3. A combined cooling and power system suitable for low-temperature heat sources according to claim 2, characterized in that: The data acquisition unit includes a sensor module, a signal conditioning module, a data acquisition card, a data processing module and a communication interface module. The sensor module is used to measure and convert various physical quantities into measurable electrical signals. The signal conditioning module is used to amplify, filter and linearize the electrical signals output by the sensor module. The data acquisition card is the core module of the data acquisition unit and is responsible for converting the signal-conditioned electrical signals into digital signals and storing and processing them. The data processing module is responsible for further processing and analysis of the collected digital signals, including filtering, denoising, data compression and feature extraction. The communication interface module is responsible for transmitting the processed data to the central control unit via wired or wireless means.

4. A combined cooling and power system suitable for low-temperature heat sources according to claim 2, characterized in that: The monitoring unit includes a data processing and analysis module, a monitoring and alarm module, a control execution module and a communication module. The data processing and analysis module processes the temperature, pressure and flow parameter data of the evaporator, condenser, expander and working fluid pump collected in real time. The monitoring and alarm module monitors the operating status of the system in real time based on the results of data processing and analysis. Once the system deviates from the normal operating range or a fault occurs, the alarm mechanism is immediately triggered to notify the operator or automatically take emergency measures. The control execution module automatically adjusts the operating parameters of the system according to the output signal of the monitoring and alarm module to maintain the stable operation of the system or avoid the expansion of the fault. The communication module is used to realize the communication between the system and the superior monitoring system or the remote monitoring center, transmit the data of the system operating status and alarm information, and support remote monitoring and fault diagnosis.

5. A combined cooling and power system suitable for low-temperature heat sources according to claim 4, characterized in that: The control strategy unit includes a control strategy formulation module, a control execution module, a feedback and adjustment module, and a human-computer interaction and remote monitoring module. The control strategy formulation module formulates a corresponding control strategy based on the results of data processing and analysis. The control execution module adjusts the operating parameters of the system according to the output signal of the control strategy formulation module, and achieves this by controlling the speed of the working fluid pump, the air intake volume of the expander, and the flow rate of cooling water. The feedback and adjustment module monitors and evaluates the effect of the control execution module. If it is found that the system operating status does not meet the expected goal, the control strategy is adjusted and optimized according to the feedback information. The human-computer interaction and remote monitoring module provides a user interface so that operators can easily view the real-time operating status, historical data, and alarm information of the system.

6. A combined cooling and power system suitable for low-temperature heat sources according to claim 2, characterized in that: The actuator unit includes a working fluid pump control module, an expander control module, a cooling water system control module, and an auxiliary equipment control module. The working fluid pump control module is used to control the operating status of the first working fluid pump and the second working fluid pump to maintain the circulating flow and appropriate flow of the working fluid in the system. By receiving instructions from the control system, the motor drive of the first working fluid pump and the second working fluid pump is adjusted to achieve precise control of the working fluid flow. The expander control module is used to control the air intake and working status of the expander to adjust the expansion work process of the steam, thereby affecting the power generation efficiency or refrigeration effect of the system. The cooling water system control module is used to control the flow and temperature of the cooling water to ensure that the condenser can effectively condense the steam into liquid working fluid. By adjusting the speed of the cooling water pump and the fan speed of the cooling tower, the cooling water flow can be accurately controlled; at the same time, by monitoring the temperature of the cooling water, the operating status of the cooling system is adjusted in time to maintain the condensation effect. The auxiliary equipment control module is used to control the operating status of other auxiliary equipment in the system.

7. A combined cooling and power system suitable for low-temperature heat sources according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fault diagnosis and protection unit includes a sensor monitoring module, a fault diagnosis module, and an alarm and communication module. The sensor monitoring module monitors various operating parameters of the system in real time through various sensors installed in the system, and preliminarily determines whether the system is in a normal state by comparing the actual operating parameters with the set values ​​or the normal range. The fault diagnosis module conducts an in-depth analysis of the processed data, identifies abnormalities or fault phenomena in the system, and gives preliminary diagnostic results to help operators quickly locate the source of the fault. During the fault diagnosis or protection execution process, the alarm and communication module promptly sends out an alarm signal, and transmits the fault information to the remote monitoring center or relevant personnel through the communication interface.

8. The combined cooling and power system applicable to low-temperature heat sources according to claim 2, characterized in that: The safe operation unit includes an emergency shutdown module, an overheat protection module, a fire prevention module, a leakage detection module, an antifreeze module, and an electrical safety module. The emergency shutdown module is used to quickly cut off the power supply of key components and shut down in time when the system detects a serious fault or abnormal situation. The overheat protection module is responsible for monitoring the temperature of key components in the system and taking corresponding protection measures when the temperature exceeds the safety limit. The fire prevention module monitors various parameters in the system that may cause fire in real time. When abnormal parameters are detected, the fire prevention module will use the built-in algorithm to perform intelligent analysis of the data to determine whether there is a fire risk. Once it is confirmed that there is a fire risk or a fire has occurred, the fire prevention module will immediately start the predetermined emergency response procedure. The leakage detection module monitors the possible leakage in the system in real time through sensors installed in key parts of the system. The sensors can capture changes in pressure, temperature or flow parameters caused by leakage. The collected data will be transmitted to the central processing unit for processing and analysis. The central processing unit will determine whether there is a leak and determine the location and extent of the leak based on preset thresholds and algorithms. The antifreeze module uses temperature sensors installed at key locations of the system to monitor the temperature of the working fluid in real time. The collected temperature data will be transmitted to the control strategy unit. The control strategy unit will determine whether the current temperature is lower than the freezing point of the working fluid and whether there is a risk of freezing based on preset thresholds and algorithms. Once the control strategy unit determines that there is a risk of freezing, the antifreeze module will immediately initiate corresponding protective measures. The electrical safety module monitors key electrical parameters such as current, voltage, frequency, and insulation resistance in real time through sensors and monitoring equipment installed in the electrical part of the system. The collected electrical data will be transmitted to the control strategy unit. The control strategy unit will determine whether the current electrical state is safe and whether there is a potential risk of electrical failure based on preset thresholds and algorithms.

9. A combined cooling and power system suitable for low-temperature heat sources according to claim 2, characterized in that: The maintenance and servicing unit includes a regular inspection and testing module, a cleaning and descaling module, a lubrication and sealing inspection module, an electrical system inspection module, a maintenance and servicing record management module, and a fault diagnosis and troubleshooting module. The regular inspection and testing module is used to regularly inspect and test various components of the system, including sensors, valves, pipes, pumps, expanders, and generators. The cleaning and descaling module removes dirt, sediments, and other impurities inside the system to keep the system clean and unobstructed, and cleans the evaporator, condenser, and pipe components to prevent the heat transfer efficiency from decreasing. The lubrication and sealing inspection module inspects and maintains the lubrication system and sealing device of the system to ensure that they work properly, prevent leakage and wear, replace or replenish lubricants, inspect the wear of seals, and replace damaged seals in time. The electrical system inspection module inspects the electrical part of the system, including motors, cables, and control systems, to ensure that they operate safely and reliably. The maintenance and servicing record management module records the maintenance and servicing activities of the system, including inspection time, inspection results, and treatment measures, so as to facilitate subsequent tracking and analysis. The fault diagnosis and troubleshooting module is used to quickly and accurately diagnose the problem when a fault occurs in the system, and take corresponding measures to eliminate it.

10. A combined cooling and power system suitable for low-temperature heat sources according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sensor and monitoring unit includes a temperature sensor module, a pressure sensor module, a flow sensor module, a liquid level sensor module, a vibration and speed sensor module, and an alarm and protection module. The temperature sensor module is used to monitor the temperature of each key component in the system in real time, including the evaporator, the condenser, and the expander inlet and outlet. The pressure sensor module is used to monitor the pressure change of the working fluid in the system to ensure that it operates within a safe range. The flow sensor module measures the flow rate of the working fluid in the system to ensure that the flow rate is stable and meets the design requirements. The liquid level sensor module is used to monitor the liquid level of the condenser in the system to prevent the liquid level from being too high or too low. The vibration and speed sensor module is used to monitor the vibration and speed of the rotating parts of the expander, the first working fluid pump, and the second working fluid pump. The alarm and protection module can automatically trigger an alarm and take corresponding protection measures when the detected parameters exceed the preset range.

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