A visual intelligent ice detection system for overhead transmission lines

Abstract

The present invention discloses a visual intelligent ice detection system for overhead power transmission lines, which relates to the technical field of cable ice thickness detection. The present invention adopts photovoltaic solar panels and wind power generation components for energy supply, and operates with low energy consumption; detects cable diameter changes through the principle of light shielding, and realizes accurate measurement of ice thickness; combines traction rollers and planetary gearbox design to realize large-scale dynamic detection, the system is compatible with a variety of cable specifications, has an intelligent alarm function, and can transmit ice information to maintenance personnel in real time, improve the safe operation efficiency of power transmission lines, and solve the problems of high cost and low accuracy of traditional manual detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cable ice thickness detection, and in particular to a visual intelligent ice detection system for overhead power transmission lines. Background Art

[0002] Existing ice detection for overhead transmission lines mainly relies on manual inspections or single sensor monitoring. Manual inspection requires maintenance personnel to climb up and patrol the lines under severe weather conditions, which is not only inefficient but also poses great safety hazards. Although some systems that use vibration sensors or simple visual detection devices can provide real-time monitoring, they often have large detection errors and cannot accurately judge the thickness of ice. Especially when cables are laid over a large area, existing technologies are difficult to achieve accurate coverage of the entire line and cannot provide real-time feedback and timely alarm functions. In addition, most of these systems have high energy consumption, rely on external power supplies, and are difficult to work stably for a long time in harsh outdoor environments. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a visual intelligent ice detection system for overhead power transmission lines, comprising a bottom shell, on which a top shell is fixedly buckled in a manner that is easy to disassemble, two airway partition plates are fixed on the inner sides of the bottom shell and the top shell, and a bottom buckle cover and a top buckle cover are clamped through all the airway partition plates inside the bottom shell and the top shell, wherein a detection frame and a light emitter are fixed on the inner walls of the bottom buckle cover and the top buckle cover respectively, a shading plate is fixed in the middle and lower part of the detection frame, and a light receiving Sensor, two symmetrically arranged reflectors are arranged on both sides below the light receiving sensor, the reflectors are used to reflect the light emitted by the light emitter to the light receiving sensor; both ends of the bottom buckle cover and the top buckle cover are fixed with a verification part, the verification part includes two symmetrically arranged traction shells, the two traction shells are fixedly matched with the corresponding bottom buckle cover and the top buckle cover, and the bottom buckle cover and the top buckle cover are fixed in a manner that is easy to disassemble, wherein the two traction shells form a frame, at least three telescopic support tubes are fixed in the frame, each telescopic support tube is provided with a traction roller, and the traction roller is used to support the entire verification part.

[0004] Preferably, all the airway dividing plates enclose a channel, and an external vent is arranged below the channel, and the external vent is opened on the lower surface of the bottom shell, wherein the lower surface of the bottom shell is a spherical setting, wherein the upper surface of the top shell is a plane setting, and the upper surface of the top shell is covered with a photovoltaic solar panel.

[0005] Preferably, two air inlets are provided on the upper surface of the top shell, the two air inlets are connected to the interior of the channel surrounded by the air duct partition plate, and wind power generation components are provided at the positions of the two air inlets, wherein a gap is provided between the lower surface of the bottom buckle cover and the bottom surface of the inner wall of the bottom shell to facilitate the flow of air.

[0006] Preferably, an adjustment frame is fixed to the bottom of the detection frame, wherein a guide slide rod and an adjustment screw rod are fixed to each reflective board, wherein the guide slide rod and the adjustment screw rod are both slidably matched with the adjustment frame, and the end of the guide slide rod away from the adjustment frame is magnetically repelled from the adjustment frame, or a spring is arranged between the reflective board and the adjustment frame so that the spring is wrapped around the guide slide rod, and an adjustment rotating sleeve is provided on the outer threaded sleeve of each adjustment screw rod located on the adjustment frame, and the distance between the two reflective boards is adjusted by rotating the adjustment rotating sleeve, so as to adapt to cables of different diameters.

[0007] Preferably, a baffle is fixed on each traction shell, and a supporting hexagonal slide rod is slidably provided on the telescopic support tube along its own axial direction by means of a spline, and a traction roller bracket is fixed to one end of the supporting hexagonal slide rod, wherein the traction roller is rotatably mounted on the traction roller bracket, and a support spring is fixed between the traction roller bracket and the telescopic support tube, and the support spring is arranged around the supporting hexagonal slide rod.

[0008] Preferably, a driving gear bracket is fixed on one of the traction roller brackets, a driving motor bracket is fixed on the driving gear bracket, a driving motor is fixed on the driving motor bracket, a driving dial is fixed on the output shaft of the driving motor, wherein a driving gear is also rotatably mounted on the traction roller bracket, the driving gear rotates synchronously with the traction roller through a rotating shaft, a planetary gearbox is fixed on the driving gear bracket, and a driving gear meshing with the driving gear is fixed on the output shaft of the planetary gearbox.

[0009] Preferably, a passive friction disc is fixed on the input shaft of the planetary gearbox, an active friction disc is provided on the side of the passive friction disc for contact friction, the active friction disc is sleeved on the guide hexagonal prism shaft by spline sliding, the guide hexagonal prism shaft and the passive friction disc are arranged without contact, a rotation limiting chuck is provided on the side of the driving dial, the rotation limiting chuck is fixedly connected to the driving dial by a plurality of toggle slot rods, strain sensors are clamped on all the toggle slot rods, all the strain sensors are fixed on the strain sensor mounting shaft, and the rotation limiting chuck is sleeved on the strain sensor mounting shaft.

[0010] Preferably, a limiting plate is provided on the rotation-limiting chuck for rotationally engaging, the limiting plate is fixedly engaged with the guiding hexagonal prism shaft, the strain sensor mounting shaft is fixedly engaged with the guiding hexagonal prism shaft, an extrusion elastic component is rotationally mounted between the active friction plate and the limiting plate, and the extrusion elastic component is arranged on the outer surface of the guiding hexagonal prism shaft.

[0011] Preferably, an internal ventilation hole is opened on the lower surface of the bottom buckle cover and at a position corresponding to the external ventilation hole, and a light-transmitting groove is opened on the shading plate, and the light emitted by the light emitter can be irradiated onto the reflective plate through the light-transmitting groove, wherein the reflective plate is inclined to the bottom edge of the adjustment frame.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The present invention adopts a combination of a light emitter, a reflector and a light receiving sensor, and can efficiently judge the ice thickness on the cable surface by detecting the change in the amount of light blocking. Ice thickness detection depends on the relationship between the change in light intensity and the covering thickness. It is combined with the grating light curtain design to achieve high-precision measurement, ensure the accuracy of the data, and at the same time identify the ice conditions at different positions of the cable to achieve comprehensive detection; (2) The present invention uses photovoltaic solar panels and wind power generation components for power supply, realizing green and environmentally friendly energy utilization. By reasonably designing the intermittent start-up of the light emitter and the drive system, the high energy consumption problem caused by the continuous operation of the equipment is avoided. At the same time, the natural energy reserve is used for charging to ensure efficient operation under different weather conditions and improve the reliability and economy of the equipment; (3) The present invention adopts a linkage design of traction rollers, drive motors and planetary gearboxes, which can perform periodic movements on the cable surface at regular intervals to achieve large-scale measurement. At the same time, through the real-time feedback of the resistance of the traction roller and the detection data of the light sensor, redundant verification of multiple measurement data is achieved to ensure the accuracy of the ice thickness and the stability of equipment operation; (4) The present invention has a built-in strain sensor, which can quickly sense the severity of ice on the cable surface by measuring the rolling resistance of the traction roller. When the ice thickness exceeds the preset value, the system automatically issues an alarm to notify maintenance personnel to intervene in time. Through the transmission and feedback of real-time data, the workload of manual detection is reduced and the safety and stability of line operation are improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the shell structure of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the external vent hole of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the detection framework of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sunshade of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0019] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the driving gear bracket of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the passive friction disk of the present invention.

[0021] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the shielding plate structure of the present invention.

[0022] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the extruded elastic component of the present invention.

[0023] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the slot-moving rod of the present invention.

[0024] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the telescopic support tube of the present invention.

[0025] In the figure: 101- bottom shell; 102- external vent; 103- airway partition; 104- top shell; 105- wind power generation component; 106- air inlet; 107- bottom buckle cover; 108- top buckle cover; 109- light emitter; 110- detection frame; 111- internal vent; 112- adjustment frame; 113- adjustment rotating sleeve; 114- reflector; 115- sunshade; 116- light-transmitting groove; 117- light receiving sensor; 118- guide slide rod; 119- adjustment screw rod; 120- traction shell; 121- shielding plate; 122- telescopic support Support cylinder; 123-traction roller; 124-support hexagonal slide rod; 125-support spring; 126-traction roller bracket; 127-driving gear; 128-driving gear; 129-driving gear bracket; 130-driving motor bracket; 131-driving motor; 132-driving dial; 133-planetary gearbox; 134-passive friction disk; 135-active friction disk; 136-guiding hexagonal prism shaft; 137-extrusion elastic component; 138-limiting disk; 139-strain sensor; 140-strain sensor mounting shaft; 141-sliding slot rod; 142-restricting rotation chuck. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Combine the following Figure 1-Figure 12 , and further illustrate the technical solution of the present invention through specific implementation methods.

[0027] The present invention provides a visual intelligent ice detection system for overhead power transmission lines, comprising a bottom shell 101, on which a top shell 104 is fixedly buckled in a manner that is easy to disassemble, two airway partition plates 103 are fixed on the inner sides of the bottom shell 101 and the top shell 104, and a bottom buckle cover 107 and a top buckle cover 108 are clamped and arranged through all the airway partition plates 103 inside the bottom shell 101 and the top shell 104, wherein a detection frame 110 and a light emitter 109 are respectively fixed on the inner walls of the bottom buckle cover 107 and the top buckle cover 108, a shading plate 115 is fixed in the middle and lower part of the detection frame 110, a light receiving sensor 117 is fixed at the center position of the lower surface of the shading plate 115, and two symmetrically arranged reflectors 114 are arranged on both sides below the light receiving sensor 117, and the reflectors 114 are used to reflect the light emitted by the light emitter 109 to the light receiving sensor 117;

[0028] All the airway partitions 103 form a channel, and an external vent 102 is arranged below the channel. The external vent 102 is opened on the lower surface of the bottom shell 101, wherein the lower surface of the bottom shell 101 is a spherical surface, wherein the upper surface of the top shell 104 is a plane surface, and the upper surface of the top shell 104 is covered with a photovoltaic solar panel. Two air inlets 106 are opened on the upper surface of the top shell 104, and the two air inlets 106 are connected to the inside of the channel surrounded by the airway partitions 103, and the positions of the two air inlets 106 are equipped with wind power generation components 105, wherein a gap is arranged between the lower surface of the bottom buckle cover 107 and the bottom surface of the inner wall of the bottom shell 101 to facilitate the flow of air. An adjustment frame 112 is fixed to the bottom of the detection frame 110, wherein a guide slide bar 118 and an adjustment screw rod 119 are fixed to each reflector 114, wherein the guide slide bar 118 and the adjustment screw rod 119 are both slidably matched with the adjustment frame 112, and the end of the guide slide bar 118 away from the adjustment frame 112 is magnetically repelled from the adjustment frame 112, or a spring is arranged between the reflector 114 and the adjustment frame 112, so that the spring is wrapped around the guide slide bar 118, and an adjustment rotating sleeve 113 is provided on the outer threaded sleeve of each adjustment screw rod 119 located on the adjustment frame 112, and the distance between the two reflectors 114 is adjusted by rotating the adjustment rotating sleeve 113 to adapt to cables of different diameters.

[0029] A verification part is fixed at both ends of the bottom buckle cover 107 and the top buckle cover 108, and the verification part includes two symmetrically arranged traction shells 120, the two traction shells 120 are fixedly matched with the corresponding bottom buckle cover 107 and the top buckle cover 108, and the bottom buckle cover 107 and the top buckle cover 108 are fixed in a manner that is easy to disassemble, wherein the two traction shells 120 form a frame, and at least three telescopic support tubes 122 are fixed in the frame, and each telescopic support tube 122 is provided with a traction roller 123, and the traction roller 123 is used to support the entire verification part. A baffle plate 121 is fixed on each traction shell 120, and a supporting hexagonal slide rod 124 is slidably provided on the telescopic support tube 122 along its own axial direction by means of a spline, and a traction roller bracket 126 is fixed to one end of the supporting hexagonal slide rod 124, wherein the traction roller 123 is rotatably mounted on the traction roller bracket 126, and a support spring 125 is fixed between the traction roller bracket 126 and the telescopic support tube 122, and the support spring 125 is arranged around the supporting hexagonal slide rod 124. A driving gear bracket 129 is fixed to one of the traction roller brackets 126, a driving motor bracket 130 is fixed to the driving gear bracket 129, a driving motor 131 is fixed to the driving motor bracket 130, a driving dial 132 is fixed to the output shaft of the driving motor 131, wherein a driving gear 127 is also rotatably mounted on the traction roller bracket 126, the driving gear 127 is fixed and rotates synchronously with the traction roller 123 through a rotating shaft, a planetary gearbox 133 is fixed to the driving gear bracket 129, and a driving gear 128 meshing with the driving gear 127 is fixed to the output shaft of the planetary gearbox 133. A passive friction disc 134 is fixed on the input shaft of the planetary gearbox 133, and an active friction disc 135 is provided on the side contact friction of the passive friction disc 134. The active friction disc 135 is sleeved on the guide hexagonal prism shaft 136 by spline sliding, and the guide hexagonal prism shaft 136 and the passive friction disc 134 are arranged without contact. A rotation limiting chuck 142 is provided on the side of the driving dial 132, and the rotation limiting chuck 142 is fixedly connected to the driving dial 132 by a plurality of toggle slot rods 141, and strain sensors 139 are clamped on all the toggle slot rods 141, and all the strain sensors 139 are fixed on the strain sensor mounting shaft 140, and the rotation limiting chuck 142 is sleeved on the strain sensor mounting shaft 140. A limiting disk 138 is rotatably fitted on the rotation limiting chuck 142, the limiting disk 138 is fixedly fitted with the guiding hexagonal prism shaft 136, the strain sensor mounting shaft 140 is fixedly fitted with the guiding hexagonal prism shaft 136, an extrusion elastic component 137 is rotatably installed between the active friction disk 135 and the limiting disk 138, and the extrusion elastic component 137 is arranged on the outer surface of the guiding hexagonal prism shaft 136.An internal ventilation hole 111 is provided on the lower surface of the bottom buckle cover 107 and at a position corresponding to the external ventilation hole 102, and a light-transmitting groove 116 is provided on the sunshade 115. The light emitted by the light emitter 109 can be irradiated onto the reflective plate 114 through the light-transmitting groove 116, wherein the reflective plate 114 and the bottom edge of the adjustment frame 112 are arranged at an angle.

[0030] The cable is placed in the detection frame 110, specifically between the sunshade 115 and the light emitter 109, and then the top buckle cover 108, the traction shell 120, the bottom shell 101 and the top shell 104 are buckled (fixed). During this process, all the traction rollers 123 will contact the surface of the cable, and the support spring 125 will be in a compressed state to ensure the contact force between the traction roller 123 and the cable. A battery is set in the bottom shell 101 to provide power to the whole, and the photovoltaic solar panels and two wind power generation components 105 on the top shell 104 are used to charge the battery. Specifically, when there is sunshine during the day, the photovoltaic solar panels will provide electricity to the top shell 104, and then charge the battery. When there is wind, the wind power generation component 105 will be driven to rotate. The wind power generation component 105 rotates to generate electricity, and then charges the battery. In this process, the airflow passes through the surfaces of the bottom shell 101 and the top shell 104, which will cause a pressure difference between the upper and lower surfaces of the bottom shell 101 and the top shell 104. This is because the lower surface of the bottom shell 101 is a spherical setting. At this time, the air flow rate flowing through the lower surface of the bottom shell 101 will be greater than the flow rate of the upper surface of the top shell 104, thereby causing a pressure difference between the two surfaces. Under the action of the pressure difference, the air above the top shell 104 will pass through the wind power generation component 105, and then drive the wind power generation component 105 to rotate, and move to the bottom of the bottom shell 101 through the airway partition plate 103 and the external vent 102, so as to realize the directional flow of air. In this way, the outer surfaces of the top shell 104 and the bottom shell 101 can be relatively smooth, thereby reducing the impact of wind on the overall structure.

[0031] The light emitter 109 is started (in addition, it will be started intermittently at regular intervals to reduce energy consumption, and the formation of the ice layer does not occur instantly). The light emitted by the light emitter 109 passes through the cable, and the cable will block the light emitted by the light emitter 109 (the light emitter 109 emits a light curtain, and a strip grating is emitted through the lens). The light that is not blocked by the cable will pass through the light-transmitting groove 116 and shine on the reflective plate 114. In this process, since the width of the light curtain emitted by the light emitter 109 is fixed, the larger the diameter of the cable, the greater the blockage of the light. When ice appears on the surface of the cable, this part of the ice layer will block (refract the light path or weaken the light intensity) the light, which will cause the surface diameter of the cable to increase. Half of the increase is the thickness of the ice layer. The light irradiated onto the reflective plate 114 through the light-transmitting groove 116 will be reflected by the reflective plate 114 and reflected onto the light receiving sensor 117. The light receiving sensor 117 can detect the intensity of the light. That is to say, the less the cable blocks the light emitted by the light emitter 109, the greater the intensity of light that the light receiving sensor 117 can receive. Therefore, the thickness of the ice layer on the surface of the cable can be determined by the light receiving sensor 117. During the installation and adjustment process, the rotating sleeve 113 is rotated to control the distance between the two reflective plates 114 so that the light can be better radiated to the light receiving sensor 117. When the light intensity received by the light receiving sensor 117 weakens, the system controls to start the drive motor 131 (in addition, intermittent start-up is performed at regular intervals to reduce energy consumption. At the same time, the formation of the ice layer does not occur instantly). The output shaft of the drive motor 131 drives the drive dial 132 to rotate. The drive dial 132 drives the strain sensor 139 to rotate by toggling the slot rod 141. The strain sensor 139 drives the strain sensor installation shaft 140 to rotate. The strain sensor installation shaft 140 drives the guide hexagonal prism shaft 136 to rotate. The guide hexagonal prism shaft 136 drives the active friction disk 135 to rotate. The active friction disk 135 drives the passive friction disk 134 to rotate through friction force. The passive friction disk 134 drives the input shaft of the planetary gearbox 133 to rotate. The output shaft of the planetary gearbox 133 drives the active gear 128 to rotate, the active gear 128 drives the driving gear 127 to rotate, the driving gear 127 drives the traction roller 123 to rotate, the traction roller 123 will roll on the cable surface, thereby driving the whole to move on the cable surface (periodic reciprocating motion according to the length of the cable, and in order to reduce energy consumption, the whole moves a certain distance every other time, that is, creeping), detecting the thickness of ice at different positions of the cable. When the cable surface is frozen, the traction roller 123 will be frozen on the cable surface, thereby increasing the rolling resistance of the traction roller 123, or even making it impossible to roll. The thicker the ice layer, the greater the resistance. Therefore, when relative sliding occurs between the passive friction disk 134 and the active friction disk 135,This proves that the active friction disc 135 cannot drive the passive friction disc 134 to rotate (the extrusion elastic component 137 provided therein is used to provide positive pressure to the active friction disc 135), and the maximum static friction force between the passive friction disc 134 and the active friction disc 135 is reached. When the resistance is relatively large, but the traction roller 123 can still roll on the cable surface, in the process of toggling the slot rod 141 to drive the strain sensor installation shaft 140 to rotate through the strain sensor 139, the strain sensor 139 will be deformed, thereby changing the resistance value of the strain sensor 139 itself. The greater the resistance to the rotation of the strain sensor installation shaft 140, the greater the deformation of the strain sensor 139, and the rotation resistance of the strain sensor installation shaft 140 depends on the traction roller 123. 3 rolling resistance (at this time, the maximum static friction between the active friction disk 135 and the passive friction disk 134 has not been reached, so it can still be transmitted normally). Therefore, the resistance value of the strain sensor 139 can be used to determine the resistance of the traction roller 123, and then the ice thickness on the cable surface can be determined. On the contrary, when the traction roller 123 rolls on the cable surface, resistance occurs. The system can control the light transmitter 109 to start, and then the light receiving sensor 117 can be used to detect the change in the diameter of the cable surface. Through the mutual redundant setting of the two, the accurate detection of the thickness of the ice layer on the cable surface can be guaranteed. When the value exceeds the standard, the system will sound an alarm and provide information to the nearby maintenance personnel, so as to perform ice-breaking maintenance on the cable.

Claims

1. A visual intelligent ice detection system for overhead power transmission lines, characterized by: The invention comprises a bottom shell (101), a top shell (104) being fixedly buckled on the bottom shell (101) in a manner that is easy to disassemble, two airway partition plates (103) being fixedly mounted on the inner sides of the bottom shell (101) and the top shell (104), a bottom buckle cover (107) and a top buckle cover (108) being buckled and mounted through all the airway partition plates (103) inside the bottom shell (101) and the top shell (104), wherein the bottom buckle cover (107) and the top buckle cover (108) are 8) A detection frame (110) and a light emitter (109) are fixed on the inner wall respectively, a light shielding plate (115) is fixed at the middle and lower part of the detection frame (110), a light receiving sensor (117) is fixed at the center position of the lower surface of the light shielding plate (115), and two symmetrically arranged reflective plates (114) are arranged on both sides below the light receiving sensor (117), and the reflective plates (114) are used to reflect the light emitted by the light emitter (109) to the light receiving sensor (117); A verification part is fixed at both ends of the bottom buckle cover (107) and the top buckle cover (108), and the verification part comprises two symmetrically arranged traction shells (120), the two traction shells (120) are fixedly matched with the corresponding bottom buckle cover (107) and the top buckle cover (108), and the bottom buckle cover (107) and the top buckle cover (108) are fixed in a manner that is easy to disassemble, wherein the two traction shells (120) surround a frame, and at least three telescopic support cylinders (122) are fixed in the frame, and each telescopic support cylinder (122) is provided with a traction roller (123), and the traction roller (123) is used to support the entire verification part.

2. According to claim 1, a visual intelligent ice detection system for overhead power transmission lines is characterized by: All the airway partition plates (103) enclose a channel, and an external vent hole (102) is arranged below the channel. The external vent hole (102) is opened on the lower surface of the bottom shell (101), wherein the lower surface of the bottom shell (101) is spherical, wherein the upper surface of the top shell (104) is flat, and the upper surface of the top shell (104) is covered with a photovoltaic solar panel.

3. According to claim 2, a visual intelligent ice detection system for overhead power transmission lines is characterized by: Two air inlets (106) are provided on the upper surface of the top shell (104), the two air inlets (106) are connected to the interior of a channel surrounded by the airway partition plate (103), and wind power generation components (105) are provided at the positions of the two air inlets (106), wherein a gap is provided between the lower surface of the bottom buckle cover (107) and the bottom surface of the inner wall of the bottom shell (101) to facilitate the flow of air.

4. According to claim 3, a visual intelligent ice detection system for overhead power transmission lines is characterized in that: An adjustment frame (112) is fixed at the bottom of the detection frame (110), wherein each reflector (114) is fixed with a guide slide bar (118) and an adjustment screw rod (119), wherein the guide slide bar (118) and the adjustment screw rod (119) are both slidably matched with the adjustment frame (112), and a magnetic repulsion is formed between the end of the guide slide bar (118) away from the adjustment frame (112) and the adjustment frame (112), or a spring is provided between the reflector (114) and the adjustment frame (112), so that the spring is wrapped around the guide slide bar (118), and an adjustment rotating sleeve (113) is provided on the outer thread sleeve of each adjustment screw rod (119) located on the adjustment frame (112), and the distance between the two reflectors (114) is adjusted by rotating the adjustment rotating sleeve (113), so as to adapt to cables of different diameters.

5. The visual intelligent ice detection system for overhead power transmission lines according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A shielding plate (121) is fixed to each traction housing (120); a supporting hexagonal slide bar (124) is slidably arranged on the telescopic support tube (122) along its axial direction by means of a spline; a traction roller bracket (126) is fixed to one end of the supporting hexagonal slide bar (124); a traction roller (123) is rotatably mounted on the traction roller bracket (126); a supporting spring (125) is fixed between the traction roller bracket (126) and the telescopic support tube (122); and the supporting spring (125) is arranged around the supporting hexagonal slide bar (124).

6. The visual intelligent ice detection system for overhead power transmission lines according to claim 5 is characterized in that: A driving gear bracket (129) is fixed to one of the traction roller brackets (126), a driving motor bracket (130) is fixed to the driving gear bracket (129), a driving motor (131) is fixed to the driving motor bracket (130), a driving dial (132) is fixed to the output shaft of the driving motor (131), a driving gear (127) is also rotatably mounted on the traction roller bracket (126), the driving gear (127) is fixedly rotated synchronously with the traction roller (123) via a rotating shaft, a planetary gearbox (133) is fixed to the driving gear bracket (129), and a driving gear (128) meshing with the driving gear (127) is fixed to the output shaft of the planetary gearbox (133).

7. The visual intelligent ice detection system for overhead power transmission lines according to claim 6 is characterized by: A passive friction disc (134) is fixed on the input shaft of the planetary gearbox (133); an active friction disc (135) is provided on the side of the passive friction disc (134) for contact friction; the active friction disc (135) is sleeved on the guide hexagonal prism shaft (136) in a spline sliding manner; the guide hexagonal prism shaft (136) and the passive friction disc (134) are arranged without contact; a rotation limiting chuck (142) is provided on the side of the driving dial (132); the rotation limiting chuck (142) and the driving dial (132) are fixedly connected via a plurality of toggle slot rods (141); strain sensors (139) are clamped and provided on all the toggle slot rods (141); all the strain sensors (139) are fixed on the strain sensor mounting shaft (140); and the rotation limiting chuck (142) is sleeved on the strain sensor mounting shaft (140).

8. The visual intelligent ice detection system for overhead power transmission lines according to claim 7 is characterized by: A limiting disk (138) is rotatably engaged with the rotation limiting chuck (142), the limiting disk (138) is fixedly engaged with the guide hexagonal prism shaft (136), the strain sensor mounting shaft (140) is fixedly engaged with the guide hexagonal prism shaft (136), an extrusion elastic component (137) is rotatably mounted between the active friction disk (135) and the limiting disk (138), and the extrusion elastic component (137) is arranged on the outer surface of the guide hexagonal prism shaft (136).

9. The visual intelligent ice detection system for overhead power transmission lines according to claim 8, characterized in that: An internal ventilation hole (111) is provided on the lower surface of the bottom buckle cover (107) and at a position corresponding to the external ventilation hole (102), and a light-transmitting groove (116) is provided on the light shielding plate (115). Light emitted by the light emitter (109) can be irradiated onto the reflective plate (114) through the light-transmitting groove (116), wherein the reflective plate (114) and the bottom edge of the adjustment frame (112) are arranged to be inclined.

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