Measuring device for surveying and mapping teaching experiment

Abstract

The invention discloses a measuring device for surveying and mapping teaching experiments, and belongs to the technical field of oblique photogrammetry. A measuring device for surveying and mapping teaching experiments comprises a shooting frame, the shooting frame is annular, camera seats are arranged on the periphery of the shooting frame, the middles of the camera seats are rotatably installed on the shooting frame, shooting cameras are arranged at the bottoms of the camera seats, the tops of the camera seats are hinged to one end of a driving rod, and the other end of the driving rod is hinged to the other end of the driving rod. A driving box is arranged in the middle of the shooting frame, the other end of each driving rod is telescopically connected with the driving box, the top of the driving box is provided with a micro air pump for respectively driving the driving rods, and the bottom of the driving box is provided with a vertically downward shooting camera; the method has the advantages that the pitching angles shot and measured by all the shooting cameras are independently adjusted, and the inclination measurement efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oblique photogrammetry, and in particular to a measuring device used for surveying and mapping teaching experiments. Background Art

[0002] Oblique photography is an image taken when the main optical axis of the camera is at a certain tilt angle. Oblique photography technology is a high-tech technology developed in the field of international surveying and mapping in recent years. It subverts the limitation that orthophotos can only be taken from a vertical angle. By carrying multiple photographic devices on the same flying platform, images are collected from five different angles, including a vertical angle, four tilt angles, etc., which introduces users to a real and intuitive world that conforms to human vision. Oblique images can not only truly reflect the situation of the ground objects, but also greatly expand the application field of remote sensing images and deepen the industry application of remote sensing images by adopting advanced positioning technology, embedding accurate geographic information, richer image information, and more advanced user experience. At the same time, the introduction and application of oblique imaging technology will greatly reduce the current high cost of three-dimensional city modeling. Since oblique imaging provides users with richer geographic information, more friendly user experience and low cost, this technology has been widely used in emergency command, homeland security, urban management, property taxation and other industries in developed countries such as Europe and the United States.

[0003] In the prior art, when conducting surveying and mapping teaching experiments, the main solution to improve the measurement results of oblique photography is to increase the number of captured images from aspects such as the layout of image control points, overlap, and flight altitude, so as to improve the image quality after synthesis. However, improving the image quality by increasing the layout of points, overlap, and the number of layers at different heights means adding more operating steps. At the same time, since the angle of the oblique photography shooting device in the prior art can only be adjusted synchronously and cannot be adjusted asynchronously, it is also necessary to improve the image quality by adding the above steps. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the shooting device of the tilt photogrammetry device used in the surveying and mapping teaching experiment in the prior art cannot asynchronously adjust the shooting angle, and to propose a measuring device for surveying and mapping teaching experiments.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A measuring device for surveying and mapping teaching experiments comprises a shooting frame, which is annular, and is respectively provided with camera seats around the shooting frame, the middle part of the camera seat is rotatably mounted on the shooting frame, a shooting camera is provided at the bottom of the camera seat, the top of the camera seat is hinged to one end of a driving rod, a driving box is provided in the middle of the shooting frame, the other end of the driving rod is telescopically connected to the driving box, a micro air pump for driving the driving rods is provided on the top of the driving box, and a shooting camera facing vertically downward is provided at the bottom of the driving box.

[0006] Furthermore, a sealed air chamber corresponding to the driving rod is provided inside the driving box, the end of the driving rod is slidably connected to the sealed air chamber, the driving rod and the micro air pump are connected through pneumatic tubes, and a flow valve is installed on the pneumatic tubes.

[0007] Furthermore, the shooting frame is a square ring structure, comprising a straight portion and a curved portion, the straight portion and the curved portion are arranged alternately, the camera seat is located in the middle of the straight portion, and the driving rod drives the camera seat to rotate up and down around the axis of the straight portion.

[0008] Furthermore, the shooting camera includes a downward-looking camera, a front-looking camera, a rear-looking camera, a left-looking camera, and a right-looking camera. The downward-looking camera is fixedly installed vertically downward at the bottom of the drive box, and the front-looking camera, the rear-looking camera, the left-looking camera, and the right-looking camera are respectively installed at the front, rear, left, and right of the shooting frame.

[0009] Furthermore, a plurality of connecting rods are provided on the inner side of the shooting frame, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the shooting frame, and the other end is fixedly connected to a connecting seat, the connecting seat is located directly above the driving box, and the connecting seat and the driving box are connected via a connecting column.

[0010] Furthermore, a hinge seat is provided on the top of the camera seat, and the end of the driving rod is rotatably connected to the hinge seat.

[0011] Furthermore, the articulated seat includes a first articulated shaft arranged in the middle, and a first articulated groove is formed at the end of the driving rod, and the first articulated groove is slidably connected to the first articulated shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, the first hinge groove is an elongated circular groove, the dimension of the first hinge groove in the vertical direction is larger than the dimension in the horizontal direction, and the dimension of the first hinge groove in the horizontal direction is the same as the outer diameter of the first hinge shaft.

[0013] Furthermore, second hinge grooves are provided on the inner wall of the hinge seat at positions on both sides of the driving rod, and second hinge shafts are provided on both sides of the end of the driving rod, and the second hinge shafts are slidably connected to the second hinge grooves.

[0014] Furthermore, the second hinge groove is an elongated circular groove, the vertical dimension of the second hinge groove is larger than the lateral dimension, and the lateral dimension of the second hinge groove is the same as the outer diameter of the second hinge shaft.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a measuring device for surveying and mapping teaching experiments, which has the following beneficial effects: The present invention discloses a measuring device for surveying and mapping teaching experiments. When the measuring device is used in surveying and mapping teaching experiments, the device is installed on the bottom of a drone used for oblique photography. During flight photography, the shooting angles of corresponding cameras are adjusted individually according to the distribution of objects in the shooting areas corresponding to the cameras, so as to obtain more scene information in the shooting areas, thereby reducing the layout of image control points, the number of overlaps and the flight altitude arrangement of the shooting areas. Compared with the prior art, the individual adjustment of the shooting angles of individual cameras is realized, and the operation steps are reduced while the measurement quality is guaranteed, thereby improving the measurement efficiency.

[0016] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described in part in the following description; and in part, will be apparent to those skilled in the art based on an examination of the following; or, may be taught from the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is one of the upper left three-dimensional schematic diagrams of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 The second upper left perspective schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional lower left schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic top view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drive box of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the drive box of the present invention; Figure 8 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure enlargement of part A; Fig. 9 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the main viewing direction of the structure; Fig.10 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the internal structure of the hinge seat of the present invention; Fig.11 This is the second schematic diagram of the internal structure of the hinge seat of the present invention; Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of synchronously adjusting the shooting angle of the present invention; Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of asynchronously adjusting the shooting angle of the present invention; Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the shooting area of ​​the shooting camera of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1. Shooting stand; 2. Connecting seat; 3. Connecting rod; 4. Shooting camera; 5. Camera seat; 6. Connecting column; 7. Driving box; 8. Driving rod; 9. Micro air pump; 10. Sealed air chamber; 11. Pneumatic tube; 12. Flow valve; 13. Downward camera; 14. Forward camera; 15. Rear camera; 16. Left camera; 17. Right camera; 18. First hinge groove; 19. First hinge axis; 20. Hinge seat; 21. Second hinge axis; 22. Second hinge groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0020] Example 1 Reference Figure 1-14 The present invention provides a measuring device for surveying and mapping teaching experiments, including a shooting frame 1, which is annular, and is respectively provided with camera seats 5 around the shooting frame 1, and the middle part of the camera seat 5 is rotatably installed on the shooting frame 1, and a shooting camera 4 is provided at the bottom of the camera seat 5, and the top of the camera seat 5 is hinged to one end of a driving rod 8, and a driving box 7 is provided in the middle of the shooting frame 1, and the other end of the driving rod 8 is telescopically connected to the driving box 7, and a micro air pump 9 for driving the driving rod 8 is provided on the top of the driving box 7, and a shooting camera 4 facing vertically downward is provided at the bottom of the driving box 7.

[0021] This measuring device is used in surveying and mapping teaching experiments. When in use, it is installed on a rotor drone. During flight shooting, the user adjusts the shooting angle of each shooting camera 4 according to the physical scene conditions in the shooting area corresponding to each shooting camera 4. When the driving rod 8 is extended by the micro air pump 9, the driving rod 8 drives the camera seat 5 to rotate downward around the shooting frame 1 at a specified angle. When the micro air pump 9 drives the driving rod 8 to retract, the driving rod 8 drives the camera seat 5 to rotate upward around the shooting frame 1 at a specified angle, thereby adjusting the shooting angle of the shooting camera 4 to make the shooting angle more in line with the distribution of the physical scene. Shooting needs.

[0022] A sealed air chamber 10 corresponding to the driving rod 8 is provided inside the driving box 7. The end of the driving rod 8 is slidably connected to the sealed air chamber 10. The driving rod 8 and the micro air pump 9 are connected through pneumatic tubes 11, and a flow valve 12 is installed on the pneumatic tubes 11.

[0023] The inlet ends of the micro air pump and the micro vacuum pump can both evacuate air and draw a vacuum; the outlet end of the micro air pump is allowed to have resistance or even be completely blocked, which is suitable for pumping air and inflating downstream. When in use, specifically, the inlet and outlet ends of the micro air pump are respectively installed with three-way valves, the first port of the three-way valve is connected to the external atmosphere, the second port is connected to the inlet or outlet end of the micro air pump, and the third port is connected to the pneumatic tube 11. When in use, when it is necessary to draw a vacuum, open the second port, the third port of the three-way valve at the inlet end and the first port at the outlet end to discharge the air in the sealed air chamber 10; when it is necessary to inflate, open the second port, the third port and the first port of the three-way valve at the outlet end, draw in external air and fill it into the sealed air chamber 10, wherein the gas flow passing through is calculated by the flow valve 12, and when the air pressure drives the driving rod 8 to drive the shooting camera to rotate to a specified angle, the flow valve 12 is closed to stop the driving rod 8.

[0024] The shooting frame 1 is a square ring structure, comprising a straight portion and a curved portion, which are arranged alternately. The camera seat 5 is located in the middle of the straight portion, so that the driving rod 8 drives the camera seat 5 to rotate up and down around the axis of the straight portion.

[0025] The square shooting frame 1 has a horizontally arranged straight portion, which corresponds to the front, rear, left and right viewing directions during shooting. The driving rod 8 drives the camera seat 5 to rotate around the straight portion, driving the shooting camera 4 to adjust the pitch angle.

[0026] The shooting camera 4 includes a downward-looking camera 13, a front-looking camera 14, a rear-looking camera 15, a left-looking camera 16, and a right-looking camera 17. The downward-looking camera 13 is fixedly installed vertically downward at the bottom of the driving box 7, and the front-looking camera 14, the rear-looking camera 15, the left-looking camera 16, and the right-looking camera 17 are respectively installed at the front, rear, left, and right of the shooting frame 1.

[0027] During shooting and measurement, the pitch angles of the front view camera 14, rear view camera 15, left view camera 16, and right view camera 17 are adjusted individually according to the distribution of buildings and physical scenes in the front view area, rear view area, left view area, and right view area.

[0028] A plurality of connecting rods 3 are arranged on the inner side of the shooting frame 1, one end of the connecting rod 3 is fixedly connected to the shooting frame 1, and the other end is fixedly connected to the connecting seat 2. The connecting seat 2 is located directly above the driving box 7, and the connecting seat 2 and the driving box 7 are connected via a connecting column 6.

[0029] The connection base 2 is processed with a connection screw hole. When in use, the device is fixedly connected to the drone through the connection base 2, and the downward-looking camera 13 maintains a vertical downward shooting area at the bottom of the driving box 7.

[0030] An articulated seat 20 is disposed on the top of the camera seat 5 , and the end of the driving rod 8 is rotatably connected to the articulated seat 20 .

[0031] When the driving rod 8 is extended or retracted, the camera seat 5 is driven to rotate around the straight part of the shooting frame 1 through the hinge seat 20, thereby driving the shooting camera 4 to adjust the pitch angle.

[0032] The hinge seat 20 includes a first hinge shaft 19 arranged in the middle, and a first hinge groove 18 is formed at the end of the driving rod 8. The first hinge groove 18 is slidably connected to the first hinge shaft 19.

[0033] During the extension and retraction of the driving rod 8 , the driving rod 8 moves in a linear motion, while the articulated seat 20 moves in a circular motion. The sliding connection between the first articulated groove 18 and the first articulated shaft 19 can enable a smooth transition connection between the end of the driving rod 8 and the articulated seat 20 .

[0034] The first hinge groove 18 is an oblong groove. The dimension of the first hinge groove 18 in the vertical direction is larger than that in the horizontal direction. The dimension of the first hinge groove 18 in the horizontal direction is the same as the outer diameter of the first hinge shaft 19 .

[0035] When the first hinge slot 18 in the shape of an oblong groove makes a horizontal linear movement, the first hinge shaft 19 in the first hinge slot 18 makes a vertical movement in the first hinge slot 18, that is, the first hinge shaft 19 makes a circular motion including both horizontal and vertical displacements.

[0036] Example 2 Reference Fig.11 The present invention is a measuring device for surveying and mapping teaching experiments. The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that second hinge grooves 22 are provided on the inner wall of the hinge seat 20 at both sides of the driving rod 8, and second hinge shafts 21 are provided on both sides of the end of the driving rod 8, and the second hinge shaft 21 is slidably connected to the second hinge groove 22.

[0037] The setting positions of the second hinge shaft 21 and the second hinge groove 22 are adjusted to achieve the same transmission effect through different structures.

[0038] The second hinge groove 22 is an oblong groove. The vertical dimension of the second hinge groove 22 is larger than the horizontal dimension. The horizontal dimension of the second hinge groove 22 is the same as the outer diameter of the second hinge shaft 21 .

[0039] Specifically, when the second hinge shaft 21 makes a linear motion, it drives the hinge seat 20 to make a circular motion, that is, the second hinge slot 22 also makes a circular motion. While the second hinge shaft 21 makes a linear motion, it moves upward in the second hinge slot 22 relative to the second hinge slot 22, thereby making a smooth transition connection between the second hinge shaft 21 and the second hinge slot 22.

[0040] Working principle: When in use, the device is installed on the drone. During the flight, the downward view area, the front view area, the rear view area, the left view area, and the right view area are photographed respectively through the downward view camera 13, the front view camera 14, the rear view camera 15, the left view camera 16, and the right view camera 17. When the shooting angle needs to be adjusted, the micro air pump 9 is started to inflate or exhaust air into the sealed air chamber 10 to adjust the air pressure in the sealed air chamber 10, and then the driving rod 8 is driven to extend or retract, and further the corresponding shooting camera 4 is driven to rotate to adjust the pitch angle; Specifically, in scenes with the same density, the pitch angle of the shooting camera can be adjusted to α. During the shooting process, when the scene density changes, the shooting angle can be adjusted. For example, when the scene density increases, the angle can be adjusted to β, where β<α. During the adjustment process, the front camera 14 first captures the high-density scene, while the rear camera 15 does not capture the high-density scene. Therefore, at this time, it is only necessary to adjust the shooting angle of the front camera 14 to β, and when the rear camera 15 captures the high-density scene, the angle is adjusted; During the adjustment process, when switching from a high-density shooting scene to a low-density shooting scene, the adjustment steps are opposite to the above steps, and the adjustment method of the left-view camera 16 and the right-view camera 17 is the same as the above adjustment method.

[0041] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

[0042] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0043] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A measuring device for surveying and mapping teaching experiments, comprising a photographing stand (1), characterized in that: The shooting frame (1) is annular, and camera seats (5) are respectively arranged around the shooting frame (1). The middle part of the camera seat (5) is rotatably mounted on the shooting frame (1). A shooting camera (4) is arranged at the bottom of the camera seat (5). The top of the camera seat (5) is hinged to one end of a driving rod (8). A driving box (7) is arranged in the middle of the shooting frame (1). The other end of the driving rod (8) is telescopically connected to the driving box (7). Micro air pumps (9) for driving the driving rods (8) are respectively arranged at the top of the driving box (7). The shooting camera (4) is arranged vertically downward at the bottom of the driving box (7).

2. A measuring device for surveying and mapping teaching experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealed air chamber (10) corresponding to the drive rod (8) is provided inside the drive box (7); an end of the drive rod (8) is slidably connected to the sealed air chamber (10); the drive rod (8) and the micro air pump (9) are communicated via pneumatic tubes (11), and a flow valve (12) is installed on the pneumatic tubes (11).

3. A measuring device for surveying and mapping teaching experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photographing frame (1) is a square ring structure, comprising a straight portion and a curved portion, the straight portion and the curved portion being arranged alternately, the camera seat (5) being located in the middle of the straight portion, so that the driving rod (8) drives the camera seat (5) to rotate up and down around the axis of the straight portion.

4. A measuring device for surveying and mapping teaching experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shooting camera (4) comprises a downward-looking camera (13), a front-looking camera (14), a rear-looking camera (15), a left-looking camera (16), and a right-looking camera (17); the downward-looking camera (13) is fixedly mounted vertically downward on the bottom of the driving box (7); and the front-looking camera (14), the rear-looking camera (15), the left-looking camera (16), and the right-looking camera (17) are respectively mounted on the front, rear, left, and right parts of the shooting frame (1).

5. The measuring device for surveying and mapping teaching experiment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of connecting rods (3) are arranged on the inner side of the shooting frame (1); one end of the connecting rod (3) is fixedly connected to the shooting frame (1), and the other end is fixedly connected to a connecting seat (2); the connecting seat (2) is located directly above the driving box (7); and the connecting seat (2) and the driving box (7) are connected via a connecting column (6).

6. A measuring device for surveying and mapping teaching experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hinge seat (20) is provided on the top of the camera seat (5), and the end of the driving rod (8) is rotatably connected to the hinge seat (20).

7. A measuring device for surveying and mapping teaching experiments according to claim 6, characterized in that: The hinge seat (20) comprises a first hinge shaft (19) arranged in the middle, and a first hinge groove (18) is formed at the end of the driving rod (8), and the first hinge groove (18) is slidably connected to the first hinge shaft (19).

8. A measuring device for surveying and mapping teaching experiments according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first hinge groove (18) is an elongated circular groove, the dimension of the first hinge groove (18) in the vertical direction is larger than the dimension in the horizontal direction, and the dimension of the first hinge groove (18) in the horizontal direction is the same as the outer diameter of the first hinge shaft (19).

9. A measuring device for surveying and mapping teaching experiments according to claim 6, characterized in that: Second hinge grooves (22) are provided on the inner wall of the hinge seat (20) at positions on both sides of the driving rod (8), and second hinge shafts (21) are provided on both sides of the end of the driving rod (8), and the second hinge shafts (21) are slidably connected to the second hinge grooves (22).

10. A measuring device for surveying and mapping teaching experiments according to claim 9, characterized in that: The second hinge groove (22) is an elongated circular groove, the vertical dimension of the second hinge groove (22) is larger than the lateral dimension, and the lateral dimension of the second hinge groove (22) is the same as the outer diameter of the second hinge shaft (21).

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