Ice layer air reverse circulation drilling ice crumb aggregation rate experimental device and method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an ice layer air reverse circulation drilling ice scrap aggregation rate experimental device and a method thereof. Comprising an air pressurization system, an air cooling system, an ice crumb gathering visual pipeline, an ice crumb injection system and a high-speed image acquisition system. The air pressurization system provides high-pressure airflow and simulates airflow conditions in the drilling process. And the air cooling system reduces the airflow temperature to be close to the polar region environment. The ice crumb gathering visual pipeline is made of organic glass, and visual monitoring of ice crumbs can be achieved. And through the ice scrap injection system, ice scraps are uniformly injected into the pipeline according to a set rate, and the ice scrap generation condition in actual drilling is simulated. The high-speed image acquisition system records the movement of the ice crumbs in real time, and a pressure sensor and a flowmeter are combined to monitor airflow parameters, so that the accuracy and stability of experimental data are ensured. By means of the design, the ice scrap removing efficiency is effectively improved, the air reverse circulation drilling technology is optimized, and important engineering application value is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of air reverse circulation drilling in polar environments, and in particular to a visual experimental device and an experimental measurement method thereof for studying ice chip aggregation behavior during air reverse circulation drilling. Background Art

[0002] The North and South Poles of the Earth are key and sensitive areas for global climate change. Due to their special geographical environment, they are currently least affected by human activities and are the "last pure land" on Earth. The study of polar ice caps is of great significance to understanding global change and climate history. By obtaining ice core samples through polar ice drilling technology, scientists can analyze historical data on polar environmental changes. However, the harsh climatic conditions in the polar regions place extremely high demands on ice drilling technology, especially in the complex polar environment. How to drill the ice layer and obtain samples efficiently and faithfully has always been an important scientific research topic.

[0003] Air reverse circulation drilling technology has been maturely applied in the field of geological drilling and has been gradually promoted in polar ice drilling technology. Compared with the traditional drilling method using drilling fluid, air reverse circulation drilling uses compressed air as the circulating medium, which has the advantages of fast speed and strong environmental protection. Especially in complex formations, it can improve the drilling speed and wellbore stability and avoid contamination of samples. However, in polar ice drilling applications, due to the extremely low temperature of the ice layer and the fast drilling speed, ice chips will aggregate due to temperature changes and physical collisions during the circulation process, resulting in problems such as drill bit jamming and decreased drilling efficiency. In this case, it is particularly important to reveal the aggregation behavior of ice chips and analyze the factors that affect the aggregation rate of ice chips.

[0004] Existing research mainly focuses on the basic theory and equipment optimization of air reverse circulation technology, such as the reverse circulation drilling method using double-walled drill pipes and the numerical simulation of airflow and ice debris migration. Although these studies have laid a certain foundation for improving the efficiency of polar ice drilling, in actual drilling, the problem of ice debris aggregation still seriously affects drilling efficiency and sample quality. The existing technology lacks visual research and experimental equipment for ice debris aggregation behavior, especially the precise measurement and real-time monitoring of the aggregation rate of ice debris during the reverse circulation process, which makes it impossible to effectively solve the problem of ice debris migration and removal during drilling. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides an ice layer air reverse circulation drilling ice debris aggregation rate experimental device and method.

[0006] In order to achieve the above invention object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] An ice layer air reverse circulation drilling ice chip aggregation rate experimental device, comprising: an air pressurization system, an air cooling system, a visualization pipeline, an ice chip injection system, a high-speed image acquisition system, a pressure sensor, a flow meter, a temperature sensor and a main frame;

[0008] The air pressurization system includes an air compressor, which is used to provide high-pressure airflow and send compressed air into the visualization pipeline to simulate the airflow during air reverse circulation drilling. The air volume and pressure of the air pressurization system can be adjusted to meet the simulation requirements under different experimental conditions.

[0009] The air cooling system uses a cooling device to reduce the temperature of the air sent by the air pressurization system, so that the air flow temperature is close to the low temperature conditions of the polar environment;

[0010] The visualization pipeline is made of plexiglass and is used to simulate the flow and aggregation behavior of ice chips in the visualization pipeline, and realize the visualization monitoring of the ice chip aggregation process through the transparent pipe wall;

[0011] Ice chips injection system, used to inject ice chips into the visualization pipeline evenly at a set rate to simulate ice chips generated during drilling;

[0012] High-speed image acquisition system, which uses high-speed cameras and image acquisition equipment to record and visualize the accumulation process of ice chips in the pipeline in real time, and obtain dynamic data on the movement and accumulation of ice chips;

[0013] The pressure sensor is used to monitor the air flow pressure in the visualization duct;

[0014] The flow meter is used to monitor the flow rate of air flow in the visual pipeline;

[0015] Temperature sensors are arranged at different heights in the visualization pipeline to record the temperature changes of each layer during the accumulation of ice chips;

[0016] The main frame is the supporting structure of the entire experimental device, ensuring the stability of the device during the experiment. The main frame is used to install the above experimental components and provide an experimental operation platform.

[0017] Furthermore, the air volume of the air compressor is 300L / min and the maximum air pressure is 0.7MPa;

[0018] Furthermore, the air cooling system can adjust the air temperature to between -40°C and 0°C to simulate the actual temperature in the polar environment.

[0019] Furthermore, the visualised pipe has an inner diameter of 38 mm and a height of 4 m;

[0020] Furthermore, the injection rate of the ice chip injection system is adjustable to simulate the generation rate of ice chips under different drilling conditions.

[0021] Furthermore, the frame rate of the high-speed image acquisition system reaches 1000 frames per second to ensure accurate recording of the details of ice debris movement and accumulation.

[0022] Furthermore, the experimental device includes a control system for recording, storing and analyzing experimental data.

[0023] Furthermore, the data of the pressure sensor, flow meter and temperature sensor can be fed back to the control system in real time, and the control system can dynamically adjust the air pressurization system, air cooling system, ice chip injection system and high-speed image acquisition system.

[0024] Furthermore, the pressure sensor has a measuring range of 10 kPa and a measuring accuracy of 0.2%, and the flow meter has a measuring range of 200 L / min and a measuring accuracy of 1.5%.

[0025] The present invention also discloses an experimental method of the experimental device, comprising the following steps:

[0026] 1) Airflow adjustment: Start the air pressurization system, set the air volume and pressure of the airflow, and ensure that the simulated airflow speed meets the requirements of the air reverse circulation drilling process. Start the air cooling system and adjust the airflow temperature to a predetermined value to simulate the low temperature environment in polar drilling. During the experiment, the airflow speed and temperature are kept stable through the control system.

[0027] 2) Ice chip injection: Prepare ice chips using a water bath ice maker to ensure that the particle size and quantity of the ice chips meet the experimental requirements. Start the ice chip injection system and inject the ice chips evenly into the visualization pipeline at the preset injection rate. Adjust the ice chip injection rate according to the experimental requirements to simulate the ice chip generation conditions under different drilling conditions.

[0028] 3) Real-time monitoring: Start the high-speed image acquisition system to monitor the movement and aggregation of ice chips in the pipeline in real time. The dynamic movement of ice chips in the airflow is captured by a high-speed camera, and the flow trajectory, aggregation location and accumulation rate of ice chips are recorded.

[0029] 4) Data collection and analysis: During the experiment, temperature sensors, pressure sensors and flow meters will collect data in real time to ensure that the experimental conditions meet the set requirements.

[0030] The control system combines the collected airflow parameters with the image data to analyze the aggregation rate, accumulation layer thickness and removal effect of ice chips under different airflow and injection conditions.

[0031] Based on the experimental data, the ice chip removal rules under different working conditions are systematically explored to provide a reference for optimizing the air reverse circulation drilling process.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0033] 1. Realistic simulation of polar drilling environment: Through the air pressurization system and air cooling system, the airflow conditions and low temperature environment in the polar environment can be accurately simulated, ensuring that the experimental device can effectively simulate the aggregation behavior of ice chips during air reverse circulation drilling, making the experimental results more practical reference value.

[0034] 2. Visual monitoring of ice debris aggregation process: The use of transparent plexiglass pipes and high-speed image acquisition systems can intuitively and in real time monitor the movement, aggregation and accumulation of ice debris in the wellbore, providing accurate data support for analyzing the behavior of ice debris and helping to improve the understanding of ice debris dynamics.

[0035] 3. Improve ice chip removal efficiency: Through real-time monitoring and data analysis of ice chip aggregation behavior, we can explore the aggregation patterns of ice chips under different working conditions, and then optimize airflow parameters, propose efficient ice chip removal strategies, reduce the occurrence of drill jams during polar drilling, and improve drilling efficiency.

[0036] 4. Precise control of experimental parameters: The pressure sensor and flow meter configured in the system can accurately monitor the pressure and flow of the airflow, ensuring the stability and consistency of the airflow conditions during the experiment, thereby ensuring the accuracy and repeatability of the experimental data.

[0037] 5. Strong adaptability to multiple working conditions: This device can simulate different drilling conditions by adjusting the air flow velocity, temperature and ice chip injection rate. It has good adaptability and can meet the drilling needs in various extreme environments. It is suitable for studying various ice chip removal methods.

[0038] 6. Improve polar drilling safety and efficiency: Through in-depth research on the ice debris accumulation and removal mechanism, the present invention helps to optimize the air reverse circulation drilling process, reduce the occurrence of drill sticking accidents, reduce the operational risks of polar drilling, and improve its efficiency and safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an experimental device according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, an ice layer air reverse circulation drilling ice debris aggregation rate experimental device comprises:

[0042] 1. Air pressurization system

[0043] The air pressurization system consists of an air compressor 1, an air storage tank, and a pressure control device. The maximum air pressure provided by the compressor is 0.7 MPa and the air volume is 300 L / min. The air is transported to the inlet of the experimental device through a pipeline to simulate the air flow conditions in air reverse circulation drilling. In order to meet different experimental requirements, the system can adjust the pressure and flow of the air flow to simulate the air flow behavior under different drilling conditions.

[0044] 2. Air cooling system 2

[0045] The air cooling system is used to reduce the temperature of the air to the low temperature environment of polar drilling. The system includes a cooling device, a temperature controller and a temperature sensor 3, which can adjust the temperature of the air sent to the experimental device to a range of -40℃ to 0℃. After cooling, the air enters the visualization pipeline to ensure that the airflow environment simulated in the experiment is close to the low temperature conditions during actual polar drilling.

[0046] 3. Visualization pipeline 4

[0047] The core component of the experiment is a visualization pipe made of plexiglass. The inner diameter of the pipe is 38mm and the height is 4m, which simulates the flow and aggregation process of ice chips in the visualization pipe. Since the pipe is transparent, the movement trajectory and accumulation behavior of ice chips under different working conditions can be clearly observed. In addition, the pipe is equipped with multiple interfaces to facilitate the introduction of airflow and ice chips, and sensors are installed to collect real-time pressure and flow data inside the visualization pipe.

[0048] 4. Ice chip injection system 5

[0049] The ice chip injection system is used to simulate the ice chips generated during the drilling process in the experiment. The ice chips are prepared by a water bath ice maker and then uniformly injected into the visualization pipeline at a set rate through the delivery pipeline. The injection rate of the ice chips can be adjusted to simulate the formation rate of ice chips under different drilling conditions, thereby verifying the movement and aggregation behavior of ice chips in the airflow. By controlling the particle size and injection rate of the ice chips, experiments under various working conditions can be carried out.

[0050] 5. High-speed image acquisition system

[0051] In order to accurately record the movement of ice chips in the airflow, the experimental device is equipped with a high-speed image acquisition system. The system consists of a high-speed camera and an image acquisition device. The camera's frame rate can reach 1,000 frames per second, which can accurately capture the movement details of ice chips in the pipeline. Through image processing technology, experimenters can analyze the aggregation of ice chips and their dynamic distribution in the airflow, and provide data support for subsequent process optimization.

[0052] 6. Pressure sensor 6 and flow meter 7

[0053] In order to ensure the accuracy and stability of the experimental data, pressure sensors and flow meters are installed in the visualization pipeline. The range of the pressure sensor is 10kPa, and the measurement accuracy is 0.2%; the range of the flow meter is 200L / min, and the measurement accuracy is 1.5%. These sensors are used to monitor the pressure and flow of the airflow in the pipeline in real time, and feed the data back to the control system. During the experiment, various data parameters will be adjusted in real time through the control system to ensure the accurate reproduction of the experimental conditions.

[0054] 7. Control system 8

[0055] The experimental device in the present invention is also equipped with a data control and storage system, which is responsible for recording various data parameters during the experiment, including temperature, airflow pressure, flow rate, ice chip movement trajectory, etc. The system can automatically adjust the airflow and ice chip injection rate according to real-time sensor data, and store the image data and sensor records of each experiment, providing a reliable basis for subsequent data analysis and process optimization.

[0056] Example

[0057] The specific experimental method of the above experimental device is as follows:

[0058] 1. Airflow adjustment:

[0059] Start the air pressurization system, set the air volume and pressure (such as 300L / min, maximum air pressure 0.7MPa), and ensure that the simulated air flow speed meets the requirements of the air reverse circulation drilling process.

[0060] Start the air cooling system and adjust the air flow temperature to a predetermined value (eg -30°C) to simulate the low temperature environment in polar drilling.

[0061] During the experiment, the air flow velocity and temperature were kept stable by the control system.

[0062] 2. Ice chips injection:

[0063] Prepare ice chips using a water bath ice maker, ensuring that the particle size and quantity of the ice chips meet the experimental requirements.

[0064] Start the ice chip injection system and inject the ice chips evenly into the visualization pipeline at a preset injection rate (eg, 10 g / min).

[0065] The ice chip injection rate can be adjusted according to experimental requirements to simulate the ice chip generation conditions under different drilling conditions.

[0066] 3. Real-time monitoring:

[0067] Start the high-speed image acquisition system to monitor the movement and aggregation of ice chips in the visualization pipeline in real time.

[0068] The dynamic movement of ice chips in the airflow is captured by a high-speed camera, and the flow trajectory, aggregation location and accumulation rate of the ice chips are recorded.

[0069] The image processing system analyzes the collected video to track the movement details and accumulation behavior of ice fragments.

[0070] 4. Data collection and analysis:

[0071] During the experiment, the pressure sensor and flow meter will collect the airflow parameters in the visual pipeline in real time, including air pressure, flow and other data, to ensure that the experimental conditions meet the set requirements.

[0072] The collected airflow parameters are combined with the image data to analyze the aggregation rate, accumulation layer thickness and removal effect of ice chips under different airflow and injection conditions.

[0073] Based on the experimental data, the ice chip removal rules under different working conditions are systematically explored to provide a reference for optimizing the air reverse circulation drilling process.

[0074] 5. Experimental repetition and result verification:

[0075] Repeat the experiment according to different experimental variables (such as air flow velocity, temperature, ice chip injection rate, etc.) to ensure the stability and reliability of the data.

[0076] The ice debris aggregation and removal effects under different experimental conditions were comprehensively studied, the experimental results under various working conditions were evaluated, and comparative analysis was performed to optimize the experimental parameter settings.

[0077] Experimental data show that driven by the airflow, ice chips rise in a spiral shape and gradually gather toward the pipe wall, eventually forming an ice chip accumulation layer on the upper part of the pipe. By adjusting the airflow pressure and ice chip injection rate, the changing laws of ice chip aggregation behavior under different conditions can be studied. The experimental results provide a reference for further optimizing polar drilling technology.

[0078] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments described herein are intended to help readers understand the implementation methods of the present invention, and should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to such special statements and embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various other specific variations and combinations that do not deviate from the essence of the present invention based on the technical revelations disclosed by the present invention, and these variations and combinations are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ice layer air reverse circulation drilling ice debris aggregation rate experimental device, comprising: Air pressurization system, air cooling system, visualization pipeline, ice chip injection system, high-speed image acquisition system, pressure sensor, flow meter, temperature sensor and main frame; The air pressurization system includes an air compressor, which is used to provide high-pressure airflow and send compressed air into the visualization pipeline to simulate the airflow during air reverse circulation drilling. The air volume and pressure of the air pressurization system can be adjusted to meet the simulation requirements under different experimental conditions. The air cooling system uses a cooling device to reduce the temperature of the air sent by the air pressurization system, so that the air flow temperature is close to the low temperature conditions of the polar environment; The visualization pipeline is made of plexiglass and is used to simulate the flow and aggregation behavior of ice chips in the visualization pipeline, and realize the visualization monitoring of the ice chip aggregation process through the transparent pipe wall; Ice chips injection system, used to inject ice chips into the visualization pipeline evenly at a set rate to simulate ice chips generated during drilling; High-speed image acquisition system, which uses high-speed cameras and image acquisition equipment to record and visualize the accumulation process of ice chips in the pipeline in real time, and obtain dynamic data on the movement and accumulation of ice chips; The pressure sensor is used to monitor the air flow pressure in the visualization duct; The flow meter is used to monitor the flow rate of the air flow in the visual pipeline; Temperature sensors are arranged at different heights in the visualization pipeline to record the temperature changes of each layer during the accumulation of ice chips; The main frame is the supporting structure of the entire experimental device, ensuring the stability of the device during the experiment; the main frame is used to install the above-mentioned experimental components and provide an experimental operation platform.

2. The experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air volume of the air compressor is 300L / min, and the maximum air pressure is 0.7MPa.

3. The experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air cooling system can adjust the air temperature to between -40°C and 0°C to simulate the actual temperature in the polar environment.

4. The experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The visualized pipe has an inner diameter of 38 mm and a height of 4 m.

5. The experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The injection rate of the ice chip injection system can be adjusted to simulate the generation rate of ice chips under different drilling conditions.

6. The experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame rate of the high-speed image acquisition system reaches 1000 frames per second to ensure accurate recording of the details of ice debris movement and accumulation.

7. The experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The experimental apparatus includes a control system for recording, storing and analyzing experimental data.

8. The experimental device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The data of the pressure sensor, flow meter and temperature sensor can be fed back to the control system in real time, and the control system can dynamically adjust the air pressurization system, air cooling system, ice chip injection system and high-speed image acquisition system.

9. The experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Pressure sensor, measuring range 10kPa, measuring accuracy 0.2%, flow meter range 200L / min, measuring accuracy 1.5%.

10. An experimental method based on the experimental device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the following steps: 1) Airflow adjustment: Start the air pressurization system, set the air volume and pressure of the airflow, and ensure that the simulated airflow speed meets the requirements of the air reverse circulation drilling process; start the air cooling system and adjust the airflow temperature to a predetermined value to simulate the low temperature environment in polar drilling; during the experiment, the airflow speed and temperature are kept stable through the control system; 2) Ice chip injection: prepare ice chips using a water bath ice maker to ensure that the particle size and quantity of the ice chips meet the experimental requirements; start the ice chip injection system and inject the ice chips evenly into the visualization pipeline at a preset injection rate; According to the experimental requirements, the ice chip injection rate was adjusted to simulate the ice chip generation conditions under different drilling conditions; 3) Real-time monitoring: Start the high-speed image acquisition system to monitor the movement and aggregation of ice chips in the visualization pipeline in real time; The dynamic movement of ice chips in the airflow is captured by a high-speed camera, recording the flow trajectory, aggregation location and accumulation rate of ice chips; 4) Data collection and analysis: During the experiment, temperature sensors, pressure sensors and flow meters will collect data in real time to ensure that the experimental conditions meet the set requirements; The control system combines the collected airflow parameters with the image data to analyze the accumulation rate, accumulation layer thickness and removal effect of ice chips under different airflow and injection conditions; Based on the experimental data, the ice chip removal rules under different working conditions are systematically explored to provide a reference for optimizing the air reverse circulation drilling process.

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