Water level-water quality analysis-based drainage basin surface water-underground water coupling relationship analysis method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a drainage basin surface water-underground water coupling relation analysis method and system based on water level-water quality analysis, and relates to the field of water ecological environment protection, and the method comprises the steps: deploying and controlling water level monitoring points and water sample collection points in a to-be-analyzed region; based on the water level monitoring point and the water sample collection point, collecting water level data and testing a water sample to obtain a test result; based on the test result, the coupling relation between the surface water and the underground water is analyzed, and according to the coupling relation, the analysis result of the coupling relation between the surface water and the underground water is used for achieving regional water ecological environment pollution protection. According to the method, multiple methods such as isotope analysis and multivariate statistical analysis are combined, so that the interaction strength and the spatial distribution rule between the surface water and the underground water can be identified and quantified more accurately, and a scientific basis and an effective strategy are provided for regional water ecological environment pollution protection; and the utilization, management and protection capabilities of water resources are enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of water ecological environment protection, and in particular to a method and system for analyzing the coupling relationship between surface water and groundwater in a river basin based on water level-water quality analysis. Background Art

[0002] The study of surface water-groundwater coupling contributes to the better utilization, management and protection of water resources, which is essential for the protection of water environment pollution. In recent years, the study of surface water-groundwater coupling has mainly served the evaluation of the ecological structure of river systems, the restoration of rivers and the management of riverside oasis wetlands. In alluvial plain areas, the connection between rivers and underground aquifers is affected by topographic and hydrological characteristics in several forms: collection type, loss type, seepage flow and parallel flow. The coupling effect of river aquifer systems is controlled by natural and human factors. The coupling between surface water quality and groundwater quality is mainly affected by the migration, precipitation and dissolution of suspended compounds, adsorption, chemical reduction and oxidation of riverbed sediments, organic carbon metabolism and biodegradation of organic pollutants, and various biogeochemical processes, which affect the various solutes in surface water and groundwater content. Exchange at lower flow rates can promote the sedimentation of suspended solids through sedimentation and filtration, thereby retaining various components, including metals, phosphorus and organic carbon.

[0003] Solutions from existing technologies: Many methods have been successfully applied to study SW-GW coupling. Water level observation methods determine the coupling relationship between surface water and groundwater by analyzing and comparing surface water and groundwater levels in different aquifers. Numerical simulation methods and isotope environmental tracer methods can determine the coupling effect between different water bodies through simulation results, isotope enrichment, and conservative tracer concentration gradients. Hydrogeochemical multivariate statistical methods are based on mathematical statistics to qualitatively analyze the relationship between solute concentrations between surface water and groundwater. In addition, multivariate statistical analysis methods such as principal component analysis (PCA) and correlation analysis (CA) have also been applied to process hydrochemical data to determine the spatiotemporal evolution patterns of hydrochemistry. However, each single method may have limitations.

[0004] Existing technical problems: At present, the use of a single method to analyze SW-GW coupling may have limitations and is not enough to explain the intensity of SW-GW coupling in the region and its spatial distribution. Combining multiple methods can obtain more reliable results and more comprehensively explain the SW-GW coupling effect and its spatial distribution. Combining correlation analysis (CA), principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and non-metric multidimensional permutation analysis (NMDS), comparing the differences in the distribution of chemical components in surface water and groundwater, semi-quantitatively analyzing the intensity of coupling between surface water and groundwater and its spatial distribution. Summary of the invention

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention combines multiple methods such as isotope analysis and multivariate statistical analysis to analyze whether there is a coupling relationship between regional surface water and groundwater. The coupling effect between different water bodies can be judged by the degree of isotope enrichment and the conservative tracer concentration gradient. The advantages of this method are simple and convenient process, reliable results, and a combination of multiple methods. The coupling intensity between surface water and groundwater is semi-quantitatively analyzed using the deuterium-oxygen isotope relationship, chlorine-bromine relationship and water chemical relationship of surface water and groundwater.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for analyzing the coupling relationship between surface water and groundwater in a river basin based on water level-water quality analysis, the steps comprising: Deploy water level monitoring points and water sample collection points in the area to be analyzed, including: collecting existing surface water and groundwater quality data in the area, and additionally deploying surface water and groundwater sampling points; evenly deploying surface water sampling points and long-term water level monitoring points according to the distribution of rivers in the area, and deploying groundwater sampling points and long-term groundwater level monitoring points nearby according to the locations of surface water sampling points; Based on the water level monitoring point and the water sample collection point, water level data is collected and water samples are tested to obtain test results, and the method includes: collecting water samples in the flood season and the dry season, performing hydrogen and oxygen isotope analysis, chlorine odor concentration analysis, and anion and cation full analysis, and collecting water level data of the long-term water level monitoring point; simultaneously measuring pH, dissolved oxygen, redox potential, and conductivity in situ; within 24 hours after sampling, measuring alkalinity by HCl titration and using methyl orange as a dye indicator; all water samples are immediately filtered with a 0.45 mm membrane filter; each water sample is divided into 3 parts, which are used for anion, cation, hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope analysis respectively; Based on the test results, the coupling relationship between surface water and groundwater was analyzed, including: surface water-groundwater water level relationship, surface water-groundwater deuterium-oxygen isotope relationship, chlorine-bromine relationship and surface water-groundwater hydrochemistry relationship; The analysis results of the coupling relationship between surface water and groundwater are used to achieve regional water ecological environment pollution protection.

[0007] Preferably, the analysis method of the relationship between surface water and groundwater levels includes: based on the surface water level, groundwater level and rainfall data obtained from the meteorological station, comparing and analyzing the changing trends of groundwater level, surface water level and rainfall over time, and combining the correlation analysis method to analyze the relationship between the three water bodies of atmospheric rainfall, surface water level and groundwater level.

[0008] Preferably, the analysis method of the deuterium-oxygen isotope relationship and the chlorine-bromine relationship of surface water and groundwater includes: using correlation analysis to compare the δD-δ 18O isotope values, and Cl in surface and groundwater - / Br - With Cl - , from the perspective of tracing, the coupling relationship between surface water and groundwater is analyzed, and the formula is as follows: , Where r represents the correlation coefficient; Cov(X,Y) represents the covariance of variables X and Y; D(X) and D(Y) represent the standard deviations of variables X and Y, respectively.

[0009] Preferably, the method for analyzing the hydrochemical relationship between surface water and groundwater includes: performing multivariate statistical analysis based on the basic chemical composition data of surface water and groundwater samples in the entire region; based on 10 indicators, including: pH, K + 、Na + , Ca 2+ Mg 2+ 、HCO3 - , Cl - 、SO4 2- 、NO3 - -N and NH4 + -N), correlation analysis, principal component analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis and non-metric multidimensional permutation analysis were performed to compare the differences in the distribution of chemical components in surface water and groundwater.

[0010] The present invention also provides a basin surface water-groundwater coupling relationship analysis system based on water level-water quality analysis, the system is used to implement the above method, including: a collection module, a test module, an analysis module and a suggestion module; The acquisition module is used to control the water level monitoring points and water sample collection points in the area to be analyzed, and the method includes: collecting existing surface water and groundwater quality data in the area, and additionally controlling the surface water and groundwater sampling points; evenly controlling the surface water sampling points and long-term water level monitoring points according to the distribution of rivers in the area, and controlling the groundwater sampling points and long-term groundwater level monitoring points according to the locations of the surface water sampling points; The test module is used to collect water level data and test water samples based on the water level monitoring point and the water sample collection point to obtain test results. The method includes: collecting water samples in the flood season and the dry season, performing hydrogen and oxygen isotope analysis, chlorine odor concentration analysis, and anion and cation full analysis, and collecting water level data of the long-term water level monitoring point; simultaneously measuring pH, dissolved oxygen, redox potential, and conductivity in situ; within 24 hours after sampling, measuring alkalinity by HCl titration and using methyl orange as a dye indicator; all water samples are immediately filtered with a 0.45 mm membrane filter; each water sample is divided into 3 parts, which are used for anion, cation, hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope analysis respectively; The analysis module is used to analyze the coupling relationship between surface water and groundwater based on the test results, the coupling relationship including: surface water-groundwater water level relationship, surface water-groundwater deuterium-oxygen isotope relationship, chlorine-bromine relationship and surface water-groundwater hydrochemistry relationship; The suggestion module uses the analysis results of the coupling relationship between surface water and groundwater to provide protection suggestions and achieve regional water ecological environment pollution protection.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: By combining multiple methods such as isotope analysis and multivariate statistical analysis, the present invention can more accurately identify and quantify the interaction intensity between surface water and groundwater and its spatial distribution pattern, thereby providing a scientific basis and effective strategy for regional water ecological environment pollution protection and enhancing the ability to utilize, manage and protect water resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0013] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of a method flow of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 2 1 is the relationship between rainfall, surface water level and groundwater level in an embodiment of the present invention; wherein (a) represents the temporal variation trend of surface water level, groundwater level and rainfall; (b) represents the analysis result of rainfall-surface water level; and (c) represents the analysis result of surface water level-groundwater level.

[0015] Figure 3 The deuterium-oxygen isotope relationship and the chlorine-bromine relationship in the surface water and groundwater of the embodiment of the present invention are shown; wherein (a) represents the analysis result of the deuterium-oxygen isotope relationship in the surface water and groundwater; and (b) represents the analysis result of the chlorine-bromine relationship.

[0016] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of surface water-groundwater hydrochemical relationship analysis according to an embodiment of the present invention; wherein (a) represents the PCA analysis result; and (b) represents the NMDS analysis result. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0019] Embodiment 1

[0020] The following will be combined Figure 1 , specifically describing the detailed process of the present invention, the steps include: S1. Arrange water level monitoring points and water sample collection points in the area to be analyzed.

[0021] Collect existing surface water and groundwater quality data in the region, and add surface water and groundwater sampling points. According to the distribution of rivers in the region, evenly control surface water sampling points and long-term water level monitoring points, and according to the location of surface water sampling points, control the location of groundwater sampling points and long-term groundwater level monitoring points nearby.

[0022] S2. Based on the water level monitoring points and water sample collection points, collect water level data and test water samples to obtain test results.

[0023] Water samples were collected during the flood season and the dry season for hydrogen and oxygen isotope analysis, chlorine odor concentration analysis, and complete anion and cation analysis. Water level data at long-term monitoring points were collected. At the same time, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), redox potential (Eh), and electrical conductivity (EC) were measured in situ. Within 24 hours after sampling, alkalinity (in terms of HCO3-) was measured by HCl titration and using methyl orange as a dye indicator. All water samples were immediately filtered with a 0.45 mm membrane filter. Each water sample was divided into 3 parts for anion, cation, hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope analysis.

[0024] S3. Analyze the coupling relationship between surface water and groundwater based on the test results.

[0025] The coupling relationships include: surface water-groundwater water level relationship, surface water-groundwater deuterium-oxygen isotope relationship, chlorine-bromine relationship and surface water-groundwater hydrochemistry relationship.

[0026] Specifically, the analysis method of the relationship between surface water and groundwater levels includes: based on the surface water level, groundwater level and rainfall data obtained from the meteorological station, comparative analysis of the changing trends of groundwater level, surface water level and rainfall over time, and combined with the correlation analysis method (CA), using SPSS to analyze whether there is a correlation between atmospheric precipitation and surface water level, and between surface water level and groundwater. The analysis results are as follows: Figure 2 shown.

[0027] The analysis methods of the deuterium-oxygen isotope relationship and the chlorine-bromine relationship of surface water and groundwater include: The different ranges of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in different water bodies can reflect the recharge-discharge relationship between different water bodies. 18 O and δD) play a key role in the hydrological tracking process. The fitting relationship between hydrogen and oxygen isotopes and the deuterium excess parameter value reflect the evaporation intensity of the water body and other information. The temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of isotopes in different water bodies are studied to determine whether there is interaction between different water bodies. The analysis results are as follows Figure 3 shown.

[0028] Furthermore, chloride is generally considered to be conservative in most groundwater environments. - Br - Concentration ratios help reconstruct the history of many groundwater systems. - / Br - and Cl - The nearly constant ratio between the concentrations indicates that Cl - has a single major source. Therefore, the chlorine odor concentration ratio is often used to identify the connection between surface water and different aquifers.

[0029] Comparison of δD-δ in surface water and corresponding groundwater using correlation analysis (CA) 18 O isotope values, and Cl in surface and groundwater - / Br - With Cl - , analyze the coupling relationship between surface water and groundwater from the perspective of tracer. The formula is as follows: , Where r represents the correlation coefficient; Cov(X,Y) represents the covariance of variables X and Y; D(X) and D(Y) represent the standard deviations of variables X and Y, respectively.

[0030] The analysis method of surface water-groundwater hydrochemical relationship includes: multivariate statistical analysis based on the basic chemical composition data of surface water and groundwater samples in the entire region. + 、Na + , Ca 2+ Mg2+ 、HCO3 - , Cl - 、SO4 2- 、NO3 - -N and NH4 + -N), principal component analysis (PCA) and non-metric multidimensional permutation analysis (NMDS) were performed to compare the differences in the distribution of chemical components in surface water and groundwater. The analysis results are shown in Figure 4 shown.

[0031] ‌Among them, principal component analysis (PCA) is a commonly used statistical method that aims to transform multiple indicators into a few comprehensive indicators through dimensionality reduction in order to better understand and analyze the data. ‌PCA generates new comprehensive indicators by linearly combining the variables in the original data. These indicators are called independent principal components. The goal of PCA is to select those principal components that can explain the data variation to the greatest extent, thereby simplifying the data set while retaining the information of the original data as much as possible. ‌In terms of application scenarios, PCA is often used in variable analysis, such as displaying the dimensionality reduction results through PCA graphs to judge the differences between variables. The PCA graph analyzes the distribution of samples by the variance share of PC1 and PC2.

[0032]

[0033] Where Fp represents the set of all principal components extracted by principal component analysis; a1i, a2i, ..., a p i (i=1,…,p) represents the eigenvector of X; ZX1, ZX2, …, ZX p It represents the value of the original variable after standardization.

[0034] Non-metric multidimensional permutation analysis (NMDS) is a method for locating, analyzing and classifying research data based on dimensionality reduction. This method usually uses the rank difference of samples between groups to define the distance, and is suitable for processing data in the analysis of multiple target variables and multiple factor variables. In water chemistry analysis, NMDS analysis is often used to compare the differences in water chemistry composition between different samples. By calculating the distance between samples, NMDS can reduce the dimensionality of high-dimensional data and display the distribution of samples in a low-dimensional space. This method can help researchers identify similarities and differences between different samples, thereby better understanding the composition and changes of water chemistry.

[0035] The steps of NMDS analysis include: ① Calculate the distance matrix, first calculate the distance matrix between samples; ② Perform NMDS sorting, usually choose 2D or 3D space for display; ③ Evaluate the analysis results, evaluate the quality of the results of NMDS analysis.

[0036] S4. Use the analysis results of the coupling relationship between surface water and groundwater to achieve regional water ecological environment pollution protection.

[0037] The analysis results of the deuterium-oxygen isotope relationship and chlorine-bromine relationship of surface water and groundwater and the water chemical relationship are used to demonstrate the semi-quantitative analysis of the coupling intensity between surface water and groundwater; at the same time, the difference in the distribution of chemical components in surface water and groundwater is compared to semi-quantitatively analyze the coupling intensity between surface water and groundwater. The results obtained from the analysis can provide support for regional water ecological environmental pollution protection.

[0038] Embodiment 2 This embodiment also provides a basin surface water-groundwater coupling relationship analysis system based on water level-water quality analysis, including: a collection module, a test module, an analysis module and a suggestion module; The acquisition module is used to deploy water level monitoring points and water sample collection points in the area to be analyzed, and the method includes: collecting existing surface water and groundwater quality data in the area, and additionally deploying surface water and groundwater sampling points; evenly deploying surface water sampling points and long-term water level monitoring points according to the distribution of rivers in the area, and deploying groundwater sampling points and long-term groundwater level monitoring points nearby according to the locations of surface water sampling points; The test module is used to collect water level data and test water samples based on water level monitoring points and water sample collection points to obtain test results. The method includes: collecting water samples in the flood season and the dry season, conducting hydrogen and oxygen isotope analysis, chlorine odor concentration analysis, and anion and cation full analysis, and collecting water level data at long-term water level monitoring points; simultaneously measuring pH, dissolved oxygen, redox potential, and conductivity in situ; measuring alkalinity by HCl titration and using methyl orange as a dye indicator within 24 hours after sampling; all water samples are immediately filtered with a 0.45 mm membrane filter; each water sample is divided into 3 parts, which are used for anion, cation, hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope analysis respectively; The analysis module is used to analyze the coupling relationship between surface water and groundwater based on the test results. The coupling relationships include: surface water-groundwater water level relationship, surface water-groundwater deuterium-oxygen isotope relationship, chlorine-bromine relationship and surface water-groundwater hydrochemistry relationship; the suggestion module uses the analysis results of the coupling relationship between surface water and groundwater to provide protection suggestions and achieve regional water ecological environment pollution protection.

[0039] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for analyzing the relationship between surface water and groundwater coupling in a river basin based on water level and water quality analysis, characterized in that: The steps include: Deploy water level monitoring points and water sample collection points in the area to be analyzed, including: collecting existing surface water and groundwater quality data in the area, and additionally deploying surface water and groundwater sampling points; evenly deploying surface water sampling points and long-term water level monitoring points according to the distribution of rivers in the area, and deploying groundwater sampling points and long-term groundwater level monitoring points nearby according to the locations of surface water sampling points; Based on the water level monitoring point and the water sample collection point, water level data is collected and water samples are tested to obtain test results, and the method includes: collecting water samples in the flood season and the dry season, performing hydrogen and oxygen isotope analysis, chlorine odor concentration analysis, and anion and cation full analysis, and collecting water level data of the long-term water level monitoring point; simultaneously measuring pH, dissolved oxygen, redox potential, and conductivity in situ; within 24 hours after sampling, measuring alkalinity by HCl titration and using methyl orange as a dye indicator; all water samples are immediately filtered with a 0.45 mm membrane filter; each water sample is divided into 3 parts, which are used for anion, cation, hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope analysis respectively; Based on the test results, the coupling relationship between surface water and groundwater was analyzed, including: surface water-groundwater water level relationship, surface water-groundwater deuterium-oxygen isotope relationship, chlorine-bromine relationship and surface water-groundwater hydrochemistry relationship; The analysis results of the coupling relationship between surface water and groundwater are used to achieve regional water ecological environment pollution protection.

2. The method for analyzing the coupling relationship between surface water and groundwater in a river basin based on water level-water quality analysis according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The analysis method of the relationship between surface water and groundwater levels includes: based on the surface water level, groundwater level and rainfall data obtained from the meteorological station, comparing and analyzing the temporal trends of groundwater level, surface water level and rainfall, and combining the correlation analysis method to analyze the relationship between the three water bodies of atmospheric precipitation, surface water level and groundwater level.

3. The method for analyzing the coupling relationship between surface water and groundwater in a river basin based on water level-water quality analysis according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The analysis methods of deuterium-oxygen isotope relationship and chlorine-bromine relationship of surface water and groundwater include: using correlation analysis to compare δD-δ 18 O isotope values, and Cl in surface and groundwater - / Br - With Cl - , from the perspective of tracing, the coupling relationship between surface water and groundwater is analyzed, and the formula is as follows: ， Where r represents the correlation coefficient; Cov(X,Y) represents the covariance of variables X and Y; D(X) and D(Y) represent the standard deviations of variables X and Y, respectively.

4. The method for analyzing the coupling relationship between surface water and groundwater in a river basin based on water level-water quality analysis according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method for analyzing the surface water-groundwater hydrochemical relationship includes: multivariate statistical analysis based on the basic chemical composition data of surface water and groundwater samples in the entire area; based on 10 indicators, including: pH, K + 、Na + , Ca 2 + Mg 2+ 、HCO3 - , Cl - 、SO4 2- 、NO3 - -N and NH4 + -N), correlation analysis, principal component analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis and non-metric multidimensional permutation analysis were performed to compare the differences in the distribution of chemical components in surface water and groundwater.

5. A basin surface water-groundwater coupling relationship analysis system based on water level-water quality analysis, the system being used to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: include: Acquisition module, test module, analysis module and suggestion module; The acquisition module is used to control the water level monitoring points and water sample collection points in the area to be analyzed, and the method includes: collecting existing surface water and groundwater quality data in the area, and additionally controlling the surface water and groundwater sampling points; evenly controlling the surface water sampling points and long-term water level monitoring points according to the distribution of rivers in the area, and controlling the groundwater sampling points and long-term groundwater level monitoring points according to the locations of the surface water sampling points; The test module is used to collect water level data and test water samples based on the water level monitoring point and the water sample collection point to obtain test results. The method includes: collecting water samples in the flood season and the dry season, performing hydrogen and oxygen isotope analysis, chlorine odor concentration analysis, and anion and cation full analysis, and collecting water level data of the long-term water level monitoring point; simultaneously measuring pH, dissolved oxygen, redox potential, and conductivity in situ; within 24 hours after sampling, measuring alkalinity by HCl titration and using methyl orange as a dye indicator; all water samples are immediately filtered with a 0.45 mm membrane filter; each water sample is divided into 3 parts, which are used for anion, cation, hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope analysis respectively; The analysis module is used to analyze the coupling relationship between surface water and groundwater based on the test results, the coupling relationship including: surface water-groundwater water level relationship, surface water-groundwater deuterium-oxygen isotope relationship, chlorine-bromine relationship and surface water-groundwater hydrochemistry relationship; The suggestion module uses the analysis results of the coupling relationship between surface water and groundwater to provide protection suggestions and achieve regional water ecological environment pollution protection.

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