Roadway surrounding rock dynamic control system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mining engineering, in particular to a roadway surrounding rock dynamic control system and method, which comprises a data acquisition unit, a roadway monitoring unit, a roadway stability analysis unit, a control decision unit, an execution unit and a data storage unit. According to the invention, the surrounding rock data parameters are analyzed to obtain the roadway monitoring information, the roadway monitoring information is analyzed to obtain the roadway stability information, then the roadway stability information and the sensor data parameters are comprehensively analyzed to obtain the control decision information, and the monitoring frequency can be adjusted according to the control decision information. The sensor group is prevented from performing high-frequency monitoring on the stable roadway, the sensor is convenient to adjust, and the resource consumption is optimized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mining engineering, and in particular to a tunnel surrounding rock dynamic control system and method. Background Art

[0002] As one of the main energy sources, coal mining provides strong power support for industrial production, promotes the development of many industries such as steel, chemical, and electricity, and promotes the growth of the national economy. With the development of coal mining, the mining depth is increasing, and the importance of surrounding rock for tunnel opening is increasing. It is necessary to effectively prevent safety accidents caused by surrounding rock instability, ensure the safety of workers, and avoid huge economic losses and social impacts caused by accidents.

[0003] The current dynamic control of tunnel surrounding rock requires the setting of multiple sensor groups at a set distance. The physical parameter changes of the surrounding rock are continuously monitored at high frequency by multiple sensor groups to facilitate the monitoring of the surrounding rock. However, the surrounding rock of some tunnels will tend to be stable after adjustment. At this time, high-frequency continuous monitoring will waste a lot of resources, and the adjustment of monitoring resources is more troublesome. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a tunnel surrounding rock dynamic control system and method, which are used to solve the above technical problems.

[0005] A first aspect of the present invention provides a tunnel surrounding rock dynamic control system, comprising a data acquisition unit, a tunnel monitoring unit, a tunnel stability analysis unit, a control decision unit, an execution unit and a data storage unit.

[0006] The data acquisition unit includes a sensor module, which is used to collect sensor data parameters of each sensor in the sensor module, and collect surrounding rock data parameters of the tunnel surrounding rock through the sensor module, and send the sensor data parameters and surrounding rock data parameters to the data storage unit; the sensor data parameters include monitoring interval duration, sampling frequency and number of sensors; the surrounding rock data parameters include geological data, tunnel mining data and surrounding rock change data.

[0007] The tunnel monitoring unit is used to obtain surrounding rock data parameters and analyze the surrounding rock data parameters to obtain tunnel monitoring information, and send the tunnel monitoring information to the tunnel stability analysis unit.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the surrounding rock data parameters are analyzed, and the specific analysis method is as follows:

[0009] The tunnel is divided into multiple monitoring areas according to the set unit distance, and the geological data, tunnel mining data and surrounding rock change data in the surrounding rock data parameters corresponding to each monitoring area are obtained; the geological data are identified to obtain the geological structure and rock composition of the tunnel area, and the geological structures are sorted according to stability to obtain the stability arrangement information corresponding to the geological structure, and the stability arrangement information is divided into multiple stability arrangement intervals, each stable arrangement interval corresponds to an instability index, and the geological structure corresponding to each monitoring area is matched with the stability arrangement information to obtain the instability index corresponding to each monitoring area; rock type data is obtained, and the rock type data includes igneous rock, sedimentary rock, Rocks and metamorphic rocks, and each rock type data corresponds to a stability influence standard value, the rock composition corresponding to each monitoring area is matched with the rock type data, the rock type data corresponding to the rock composition of the monitoring area is obtained, and the proportion of each rock type data in each monitoring area is obtained, the proportion of each rock type data in the monitoring area is multiplied by the stability influence standard value corresponding to each rock type data, and the type stability influence value corresponding to each rock type data in the monitoring area is obtained, the type stability influence value corresponding to each rock type is calculated and summed to obtain the total type stability influence value; the instability index and the total stability influence value are added to obtain the geological influence index.

[0010] The rock components corresponding to the igneous rocks in the rock type data include but are not limited to quartz, feldspar, amphibole and pyroxene, and the rocks corresponding to the igneous rocks are strong and stable; the rock components corresponding to the sedimentary rocks include silica, carbonate and clay minerals, and the characteristics of the sedimentary rocks include but are not limited to low hardness, plasticity and swelling when exposed to water; the rock components corresponding to the metamorphic rocks include but are not limited to talc, chlorite and mica, and the metamorphic rocks are smooth and soft, and the rock stability is extremely poor.

[0011] The tunnel mining data is identified to obtain the tunnel mining size and mining speed; the tunnel mining size is divided into multiple mining size intervals, each mining size interval corresponds to a stress influence value, and the tunnel mining size corresponding to the current tunnel mining data is matched with the multiple mining size intervals to obtain the stress influence value corresponding to the current tunnel mining data; a preset tunnel mining speed threshold is obtained, and the current tunnel mining speed is compared with the tunnel mining speed threshold. When the tunnel mining speed is greater than the tunnel mining speed threshold, the value obtained by subtracting the tunnel mining speed threshold from the tunnel mining speed is marked as the speed influence value; the stress influence value and the speed influence value are calculated and summed to obtain the mining influence index.

[0012] The surrounding rock change data include stress values ​​and surrounding rock monitoring images; the unit analysis time is set and the historical stress values ​​of multiple unit monitoring times of each monitoring area within the unit analysis time are obtained, and the stress change values ​​corresponding to each historical stress value are obtained by subtracting the historical stress value of the corresponding previous unit monitoring time from the multiple historical stress values, and the stress change values ​​are identified. When the stress change value is positive, the stress change value is compared with the set threshold value. When the stress change value is greater than the set threshold value, the corresponding stress change value is marked as an abnormal stress change value, the number of abnormal stress change values ​​is counted and marked as the number of abnormal values, and the number of abnormal values ​​is compared with the obtained The total number of historical stress values ​​is calculated to obtain the abnormal proportion index corresponding to the abnormal stress change value; the historical surrounding rock monitoring images corresponding to each surrounding rock monitoring image are obtained, the current surrounding rock monitoring image is overlapped and compared with the historical surrounding rock monitoring image to obtain the deformation feature, the deformation feature is identified to obtain the characteristic size, and the deformation characteristic area is calculated according to the characteristic size. When the deformation characteristic area is greater than the set threshold, the corresponding deformation characteristic area is marked as the risk deformation area; the abnormal proportion index and the risk deformation area are calculated and summed to obtain the surrounding rock change index; the deformation characteristics include but are not limited to the displacement, strain, roof fall and spalling of the surrounding rock.

[0013] Two identical ellipses are constructed with the values ​​of the geological impact index and the mining impact index as the major and minor axes of the ellipses. The two centers of the two ellipses are used as the starting point and the end point, and straight lines perpendicular to the two ellipses are drawn. Then, an elliptical cylinder is constructed with the two ellipses and the straight line. The volume of the elliptical cylinder is calculated and the value of the volume is used as the tunnel monitoring index. When the tunnel monitoring index is greater than the set threshold, the tunnel monitoring information is generated as a tunnel monitoring anomaly.

[0014] The tunnel stability analysis unit is used to receive tunnel monitoring information and analyze the tunnel monitoring information to obtain tunnel stability information, and send the tunnel stability information to the control decision unit; specifically: identify the tunnel monitoring information of each monitoring area to obtain the tunnel monitoring status, obtain the tunnel monitoring status of multiple unit monitoring times within the unit analysis time of each monitoring area, count the tunnel monitoring status of the tunnel monitoring abnormality to obtain the number of monitoring abnormalities, compare the number of monitoring abnormalities with the total number of tunnel monitoring states to obtain the monitoring abnormality ratio, divide the abnormality ratio into each abnormality ratio interval, each abnormality ratio interval corresponds to a stability impact index, match the abnormality ratio with the abnormality ratio interval to obtain the stability impact index corresponding to the abnormality ratio, obtain the stability impact index of multiple unit analysis time, and draw a stability impact index curve for multiple stability impact indices in chronological order, obtain the curve slope through the stability impact index curve, identify the curve slope, and when the curve slope is a positive value, the stability impact index increases, and the generated tunnel stability information is stability reduction.

[0015] The control decision unit is used to receive the lane stability information and obtain the sensor data parameters, and to perform a comprehensive analysis on the lane stability information and the sensor data parameters to obtain the control decision information, and then send the control decision information to the execution unit.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, a comprehensive analysis is performed on the tunnel stability information and the sensor data parameters, and the specific analysis method is as follows:

[0017] Tunnel stability information includes stability reduction, stability maintenance and stability improvement; the sensor data parameters are identified to obtain the monitoring interval duration, sampling frequency and number of sensors; the monitoring interval duration of each monitoring area and the unit monitoring time are calculated to obtain the number of monitoring times within the unit monitoring time, and the monitoring times are divided into multiple monitoring time intervals. Each monitoring time interval corresponds to a frequency impact index, and the current monitoring times of each monitoring area are matched with multiple monitoring time intervals to obtain the corresponding frequency impact index.

[0018] Obtain the sampling frequency corresponding to each monitoring number corresponding to the unit monitoring time and divide the sampling frequency into multiple sampling frequency intervals, each sampling frequency interval corresponds to a sampling influence index, match the sampling frequency corresponding to each current monitoring number with the multiple sampling frequency intervals to obtain the sampling influence index corresponding to the sampling frequency; identify each monitoring area to obtain the area of ​​each monitoring area, compare the number of sensors in each monitoring area with the corresponding area to obtain a ratio and mark the ratio as a sensor density value, divide the constant sensor density value into multiple density value intervals, set each density value interval to correspond to a sensor density influence value, match the current sensor density value of the monitoring area with the multiple density value intervals to obtain the corresponding sensor density influence value.

[0019] The frequency impact index, sampling impact index and sensor density impact index are normalized and their values ​​are taken according to the formula The frequency impact value JC is obtained; wherein P, CY and CG represent the frequency impact index, sampling impact index and sensor density impact index respectively; P' represents the reference value of the frequency impact index; ΔCG represents the allowable difference of the sensor density impact; v1, v2 and v3 are all preset weight factors, and their values ​​are 2.19, 2.72 and 1.09 respectively; the frequency impact value is analyzed based on the tunnel stability information. When the tunnel stability information corresponds to reduced stability, the corresponding frequency impact value needs to be increased accordingly and the corresponding control decision information is generated; the control decision information can be to reduce the monitoring interval, increase the sampling frequency and increase the number of sensors.

[0020] The execution unit is used to receive the control decision information, perform corresponding execution operations according to the control decision information, and send the control decision information and the corresponding execution operations to the data storage unit.

[0021] The data storage unit is used to store sensor data parameters and surrounding rock data parameters, and store control decision information and corresponding execution operations.

[0022] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for dynamically controlling surrounding rock in a tunnel, comprising:

[0023] In the initial monitoring stage, sensors are arranged in the tunnel and the monitoring area is divided. The data of each monitoring area is obtained through the sensors, and the stability information of the surrounding rock is obtained based on the obtained data.

[0024] In the stability judgment stage, the stability development trend is analyzed according to the stability information of the surrounding rock, and control decision information is generated based on the stability development trend.

[0025] During the monitoring adjustment phase, the monitoring frequency is controlled based on the control decision information, and tunnel support measures are generated according to the state of the surrounding rock.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] The present invention obtains tunnel monitoring information by analyzing surrounding rock data parameters, obtains tunnel stability information by analyzing tunnel monitoring information, and then comprehensively analyzes the tunnel stability information and sensor data parameters to obtain control decision information. The monitoring frequency can be adjusted according to the control decision information to avoid high-frequency monitoring of stable tunnels by the sensor group, facilitate the adjustment of sensor operation, and optimize resource consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. The following drawings are not intentionally scaled to the actual size, and the focus is on illustrating the main purpose of the present application.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a principle block diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] For ease of understanding, the specific process of the embodiment of the present invention is described below. Figure 1In an embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment of a tunnel surrounding rock dynamic control system includes: a data acquisition unit, a tunnel monitoring unit, a tunnel stability analysis unit, a control decision unit, an execution unit and a data storage unit.

[0032] The data acquisition unit includes a sensor module for collecting sensor data parameters of each sensor in the sensor module, and collects surrounding rock data parameters of the tunnel surrounding rock through the sensor module, and sends the sensor data parameters and surrounding rock data parameters to the data storage unit; the sensor data parameters include monitoring interval duration, sampling frequency and number of sensors; the surrounding rock data parameters include geological data, tunnel mining data and surrounding rock change data.

[0033] The tunnel monitoring unit acquires surrounding rock data parameters and analyzes the surrounding rock data parameters to obtain tunnel monitoring information, and sends the tunnel monitoring information to the tunnel stability analysis unit.

[0034] The surrounding rock data parameters are analyzed in the following specific ways:

[0035] The tunnel is divided into multiple monitoring areas according to the set unit distance, and the geological data, tunnel mining data and surrounding rock change data in the surrounding rock data parameters corresponding to each monitoring area are obtained; the geological data are identified to obtain the geological structure and rock composition of the tunnel area, and the geological structures are sorted according to stability to obtain the stability arrangement information corresponding to the geological structure, and the stability arrangement information is divided into multiple stability arrangement intervals, each stable arrangement interval corresponds to an instability index, and the geological structure corresponding to each monitoring area is matched with the stability arrangement information to obtain the instability index corresponding to each monitoring area; rock type data is obtained, and the rock type data includes igneous rock, sedimentary rock, Rocks and metamorphic rocks, and each rock type data corresponds to a stability influence standard value, the rock composition corresponding to each monitoring area is matched with the rock type data, the rock type data corresponding to the rock composition of the monitoring area is obtained, and the proportion of each rock type data in each monitoring area is obtained, the proportion of each rock type data in the monitoring area is multiplied by the stability influence standard value corresponding to each rock type data, and the type stability influence value corresponding to each rock type data in the monitoring area is obtained, the type stability influence value corresponding to each rock type is calculated and summed to obtain the total type stability influence value; the instability index and the total stability influence value are added to obtain the geological influence index.

[0036] The rock components corresponding to the igneous rocks in the rock type data include but are not limited to quartz, feldspar, amphibole and pyroxene, and the rocks corresponding to the igneous rocks are strong and stable; the rock components corresponding to the sedimentary rocks include silica, carbonate and clay minerals, and the characteristics of the sedimentary rocks include but are not limited to low hardness, plasticity and swelling when exposed to water; the rock components corresponding to the metamorphic rocks include but are not limited to talc, chlorite and mica, and the metamorphic rocks are smooth and soft, and the rock stability is extremely poor.

[0037] The tunnel mining data is identified to obtain the tunnel mining size and mining speed; the tunnel mining size is divided into multiple mining size intervals, each mining size interval corresponds to a stress influence value, and the tunnel mining size corresponding to the current tunnel mining data is matched with the multiple mining size intervals to obtain the stress influence value corresponding to the current tunnel mining data; a preset tunnel mining speed threshold is obtained, and the current tunnel mining speed is compared with the tunnel mining speed threshold. When the tunnel mining speed is greater than the tunnel mining speed threshold, the value obtained by subtracting the tunnel mining speed threshold from the tunnel mining speed is marked as the speed influence value; the stress influence value and the speed influence value are calculated and summed to obtain the mining influence index.

[0038] The surrounding rock change data include stress values ​​and surrounding rock monitoring images; the unit analysis time is set and the historical stress values ​​of multiple unit monitoring times of each monitoring area within the unit analysis time are obtained, and the stress change values ​​corresponding to each historical stress value are obtained by subtracting the historical stress value of the corresponding previous unit monitoring time from the multiple historical stress values, and the stress change values ​​are identified. When the stress change value is positive, the stress change value is compared with the set threshold value. When the stress change value is greater than the set threshold value, the corresponding stress change value is marked as an abnormal stress change value, the number of abnormal stress change values ​​is counted and marked as the number of abnormal values, and the number of abnormal values ​​is compared with the obtained The total number of historical stress values ​​is calculated to obtain the abnormal proportion index corresponding to the abnormal stress change value; the historical surrounding rock monitoring images corresponding to each surrounding rock monitoring image are obtained, the current surrounding rock monitoring image is overlapped and compared with the historical surrounding rock monitoring image to obtain the deformation feature, the deformation feature is identified to obtain the characteristic size, and the deformation characteristic area is calculated according to the characteristic size. When the deformation characteristic area is greater than the set threshold, the corresponding deformation characteristic area is marked as the risk deformation area; the abnormal proportion index and the risk deformation area are calculated and summed to obtain the surrounding rock change index; the deformation characteristics include but are not limited to the displacement, strain, roof fall and spalling of the surrounding rock.

[0039] Two identical ellipses are constructed with the values ​​of the geological impact index and the mining impact index as the major and minor axes of the ellipses. The two centers of the two ellipses are used as the starting point and the end point, and straight lines perpendicular to the two ellipses are drawn. Then, an elliptical cylinder is constructed with the two ellipses and the straight line. The volume of the elliptical cylinder is calculated and the value of the volume is used as the tunnel monitoring index. When the tunnel monitoring index is greater than the set threshold, the tunnel monitoring information is generated as a tunnel monitoring anomaly.

[0040] The tunnel stability analysis unit receives the tunnel monitoring information and analyzes the tunnel monitoring information to obtain the tunnel stability information, and sends the tunnel stability information to the control decision unit; specifically: the tunnel monitoring information of each monitoring area is identified to obtain the tunnel monitoring status, the tunnel monitoring status of multiple unit monitoring times within the unit analysis time of each monitoring area is obtained, the tunnel monitoring status of the tunnel monitoring abnormality is counted to obtain the number of monitoring abnormalities, the number of monitoring abnormalities is compared with the total number of tunnel monitoring states to obtain the monitoring abnormality ratio, the abnormality ratio is divided into each abnormality ratio interval, each abnormality ratio interval corresponds to a stability impact index, the abnormality ratio is matched with the abnormality ratio interval to obtain the stability impact index corresponding to the abnormality ratio, the stability impact index of multiple unit analysis time is obtained, and the multiple stability impact indices are plotted in chronological order to obtain a stability impact index curve, the curve slope is obtained through the stability impact index curve, the curve slope is identified, and when the curve slope is a positive value, the stability impact index increases, and the generated tunnel stability information is stability reduction.

[0041] The control decision unit receives the lane stability information and obtains the sensor data parameters, and performs a comprehensive analysis on the lane stability information and the sensor data parameters to obtain the control decision information, and sends the control decision information to the execution unit.

[0042] A comprehensive analysis of the tunnel stability information and sensor data parameters is conducted. The specific analysis method is as follows:

[0043] Tunnel stability information includes stability reduction, stability maintenance and stability improvement; the sensor data parameters are identified to obtain the monitoring interval duration, sampling frequency and number of sensors; the monitoring interval duration of each monitoring area and the unit monitoring time are calculated to obtain the number of monitoring times within the unit monitoring time, and the monitoring times are divided into multiple monitoring time intervals. Each monitoring time interval corresponds to a frequency impact index, and the current monitoring times of each monitoring area are matched with multiple monitoring time intervals to obtain the corresponding frequency impact index.

[0044] Obtain the sampling frequency corresponding to each monitoring number corresponding to the unit monitoring time and divide the sampling frequency into multiple sampling frequency intervals, each sampling frequency interval corresponds to a sampling influence index, match the sampling frequency corresponding to each current monitoring number with the multiple sampling frequency intervals to obtain the sampling influence index corresponding to the sampling frequency; identify each monitoring area to obtain the area of ​​each monitoring area, compare the number of sensors in each monitoring area with the corresponding area to obtain a ratio and mark the ratio as a sensor density value, divide the constant sensor density value into multiple density value intervals, set each density value interval to correspond to a sensor density influence value, match the current sensor density value of the monitoring area with the multiple density value intervals to obtain the corresponding sensor density influence value.

[0045] The frequency impact index, sampling impact index and sensor density impact index are normalized and their values ​​are taken according to the formula The frequency impact value JC is obtained; wherein P, CY and CG represent the frequency impact index, sampling impact index and sensor density impact index respectively; P' represents the reference value of the frequency impact index; ΔCG represents the allowable difference of the sensor density impact; v1, v2 and v3 are all preset weight factors, and their values ​​are 2.19, 2.72 and 1.09 respectively; the frequency impact value is analyzed based on the tunnel stability information. When the tunnel stability information corresponds to reduced stability, the corresponding frequency impact value needs to be increased accordingly and the corresponding control decision information is generated; the control decision information can be to reduce the monitoring interval, increase the sampling frequency and increase the number of sensors.

[0046] The execution unit receives the control decision information, performs corresponding execution operations according to the control decision information, and sends the control decision information and the corresponding execution operations to the data storage unit.

[0047] The data storage unit stores sensor data parameters and surrounding rock data parameters, and stores control decision information and corresponding execution operations.

[0048] The present invention also provides a tunnel surrounding rock dynamic control method, comprising:

[0049] In the initial monitoring stage, sensors are arranged in the tunnel and the monitoring area is divided. The data of each monitoring area is obtained through the sensors, and the stability information of the surrounding rock is obtained based on the obtained data.

[0050] In the stability judgment stage, the stability development trend is analyzed according to the stability information of the surrounding rock, and control decision information is generated based on the stability development trend.

[0051] During the monitoring adjustment phase, the monitoring frequency is controlled based on the control decision information, and tunnel support measures are generated according to the state of the surrounding rock.

[0052] As described above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features thereof may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel surrounding rock dynamic control system, characterized in that: It includes a data acquisition unit, an execution unit and a data storage unit, and includes: A tunnel monitoring unit is used to obtain surrounding rock data parameters and analyze the surrounding rock data parameters to obtain tunnel monitoring information, and send the tunnel monitoring information to the tunnel stability analysis unit; A tunnel stability analysis unit is used to receive tunnel monitoring information and analyze the tunnel monitoring information to obtain tunnel stability information, and send the tunnel stability information to the control decision unit; specifically: identify the tunnel monitoring information of each monitoring area to obtain the tunnel monitoring state, obtain the tunnel monitoring state of multiple unit monitoring times within the unit analysis time of each monitoring area, count the tunnel monitoring state with tunnel monitoring abnormality to obtain the number of monitoring abnormalities, compare the number of monitoring abnormalities with the total number of tunnel monitoring states to obtain the monitoring abnormality ratio, divide the abnormality ratio into each abnormality ratio interval, each abnormality ratio interval corresponds to a stability impact index, match the abnormality ratio with the abnormality ratio interval to obtain the stability impact index corresponding to the abnormality ratio, obtain the stability impact index of multiple unit analysis time, and draw a stability impact index curve for multiple stability impact indices in chronological order, obtain the curve slope through the stability impact index curve, identify the curve slope, and when the curve slope is a positive value, the stability impact index increases, and the generated tunnel stability information is stability reduction; The control decision unit is used to receive the lane stability information and obtain the sensor data parameters, and to perform a comprehensive analysis on the lane stability information and the sensor data parameters to obtain the control decision information, and then send the control decision information to the execution unit.

2. A tunnel surrounding rock dynamic control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition unit includes a sensor module, which is used to collect sensor data parameters of each sensor in the sensor module, and collect surrounding rock data parameters of the tunnel surrounding rock through the sensor module, and send the sensor data parameters and surrounding rock data parameters to the data storage unit; the sensor data parameters include monitoring interval duration, sampling frequency and number of sensors; the surrounding rock data parameters include geological data, tunnel mining data and surrounding rock change data.

3. A tunnel surrounding rock dynamic control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific analysis method of the surrounding rock data parameters is as follows: Divide the tunnel into multiple monitoring areas according to the set unit distance, and obtain the geological data, tunnel mining data and surrounding rock change data in the surrounding rock data parameters corresponding to each monitoring area; identify the geological data to obtain the geological structure and rock composition of the tunnel area, sort the geological structures according to stability to obtain the stability arrangement information corresponding to the geological structure, divide the stability arrangement information into multiple stability arrangement intervals, each stable arrangement interval corresponds to an instability index, match the geological structure corresponding to each monitoring area with the stability arrangement information to obtain the instability index corresponding to each monitoring area; obtain rock type data, the rock type data includes igneous rock, sedimentary rock and metamorphic rock, and each rock type data corresponds to a stability influence standard value, match the rock composition corresponding to each monitoring area with the rock type data, obtain the rock type data corresponding to the rock composition of the monitoring area, and obtain the proportion of each rock type data in each monitoring area, multiply the proportion of each rock type data in the monitoring area with the stability influence standard value corresponding to each rock type data, obtain the type stability influence value corresponding to each rock type data in the monitoring area, calculate and sum the type stability influence value corresponding to each rock type to obtain the total type stability influence value; The geological impact index is obtained by adding the instability index and the total value of the stability information impact; Identify the tunnel mining data to obtain the tunnel mining size and mining speed; divide the tunnel mining size into multiple mining size intervals, each mining size interval corresponds to a stress influence value, match the tunnel mining size corresponding to the current tunnel mining data with the multiple mining size intervals, and obtain the stress influence value corresponding to the current tunnel mining data; obtain a preset tunnel mining speed threshold, compare the current tunnel mining speed with the tunnel mining speed threshold, and when the tunnel mining speed is greater than the tunnel mining speed threshold, mark the value obtained by subtracting the tunnel mining speed threshold from the tunnel mining speed as the speed influence value; calculate and sum the stress influence value and the speed influence value to obtain a mining influence index; Surrounding rock change data include stress values ​​and surrounding rock monitoring images; Set a unit analysis time and obtain historical stress values ​​of multiple unit monitoring times in each monitoring area within the unit analysis time, subtract the historical stress value of the corresponding previous unit monitoring time from the multiple historical stress values ​​to obtain the stress change value corresponding to each historical stress value, identify the stress change value, and when the stress change value is a positive value, compare the stress change value with the set threshold value. When the stress change value is greater than the set threshold value, mark the corresponding stress change value as an abnormal stress change value, count the number of abnormal stress change values ​​and mark them as the number of abnormal values, and calculate the number of abnormal values ​​and the total number of historical stress values ​​obtained to obtain the abnormal proportion index corresponding to the abnormal stress change value; Obtain the historical surrounding rock monitoring images corresponding to each surrounding rock monitoring image, overlap and compare the current surrounding rock monitoring image with the historical surrounding rock monitoring image to obtain deformation characteristics, identify the deformation characteristics to obtain characteristic sizes, calculate the deformation characteristic area according to the characteristic sizes, and when the deformation characteristic area is greater than the set threshold, mark the corresponding deformation characteristic area as a risk deformation area; The abnormal proportion index and risk deformation area are calculated and summed to obtain the surrounding rock change index; Two identical ellipses are constructed with the values ​​of the geological impact index and the mining impact index as the major and minor axes of the ellipses. The two centers of the two ellipses are used as the starting point and the end point, and straight lines perpendicular to the two ellipses are drawn. Then, an elliptical cylinder is constructed with the two ellipses and the straight line. The volume of the elliptical cylinder is calculated and the value of the volume is used as the tunnel monitoring index. When the tunnel monitoring index is greater than the set threshold, the tunnel monitoring information is generated as a tunnel monitoring anomaly.

4. A tunnel surrounding rock dynamic control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The comprehensive analysis of the tunnel stability information and sensor data parameters is specifically performed in the following manner: Tunnel stability information includes stability reduction, stability maintenance and stability improvement; the sensor data parameters are identified to obtain the monitoring interval duration, sampling frequency and number of sensors; the monitoring interval duration of each monitoring area is calculated with the unit monitoring time to obtain the number of monitoring times within the unit monitoring time, the number of monitoring times is divided into multiple monitoring number intervals, each monitoring number interval corresponds to a frequency impact index, and the current monitoring number of each monitoring area is matched with multiple monitoring number intervals to obtain the corresponding frequency impact index; Obtain the sampling frequency corresponding to each monitoring number corresponding to the unit monitoring time and divide the sampling frequency into multiple sampling frequency intervals, each sampling frequency interval corresponds to a sampling influence index, match the sampling frequency corresponding to each current monitoring number with the multiple sampling frequency intervals to obtain the sampling influence index corresponding to the sampling frequency; identify each monitoring area to obtain the area of ​​each monitoring area, compare the number of sensors in each monitoring area with the corresponding area to obtain a ratio and mark the ratio as a sensor density value, divide the sensor density value into multiple density value intervals, set each density value interval to correspond to a sensor density influence value, match the current sensor density value of the monitoring area with the multiple density value intervals to obtain the corresponding sensor density influence value; The frequency impact index, sampling impact index and sensor density impact index are calculated comprehensively to obtain the frequency impact value; the frequency impact value is analyzed based on the tunnel stability information. When the tunnel stability information corresponds to a decrease in stability, the corresponding frequency impact value needs to be increased accordingly and the corresponding control decision information is generated; the control decision information can be to reduce the monitoring interval, increase the sampling frequency and increase the number of sensors.

5. A tunnel surrounding rock dynamic control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The execution unit is used to receive the control decision information, perform corresponding execution operations according to the control decision information, and send the control decision information and the corresponding execution operations to the data storage unit.

6. A method for dynamic control of surrounding rock in a tunnel, characterized in that: include: In the initial monitoring stage, sensors are arranged in the tunnel and the monitoring areas are divided. The data of each monitoring area is obtained through the sensors, and the stability information of the surrounding rock is obtained based on the obtained data. In the stability judgment stage, the stability development trend is analyzed according to the stability information of the surrounding rock, and the control decision information is generated based on the stability development trend; During the monitoring adjustment phase, the monitoring frequency is controlled based on the control decision information, and tunnel support measures are generated according to the state of the surrounding rock.

Images