Grid blueberry planting layout optimization method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a gridding blueberry planting layout optimization method and system, and relates to the technical field of electric digital data processing. The gridding blueberry planting layout optimization method comprises the following steps: obtaining plant disease and insect pest conditions of blueberry plants, searching a plant disease and insect pest grid area, obtaining plant disease and insect pest grades, and carrying out secondary partitioning. According to the method, the pest and disease infection index is obtained through the pest and disease data, the pest and disease infection index and the pest and disease early-warning value are judged to obtain the pest and disease condition of the blueberry plant, and then the grid with the pest and disease condition of the blueberry plant as the first-level breeding pest and disease influence is marked as the pest and disease grid area; and comparing a grading control index obtained based on the disease and pest infection coefficient with a grade control interval to obtain a disease and pest grade, and performing secondary partitioning according to the disease and pest grade, thereby achieving the effect of improving the disease and pest grading management accuracy in the blueberry planting process. The problem that in the prior art, the correlation degree of grid blueberry planting layout and pest control is low is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electronic digital data processing, and in particular to a gridded blueberry planting layout optimization method and system. Background Art

[0002] With the development of agricultural science and technology, precision agriculture and smart agriculture have gradually become important trends in modern agriculture. The grid planting layout combines advanced technologies such as the Internet of Things, big data, and artificial intelligence to realize the digital and intelligent management of agricultural production, providing new ways and solutions for increasing crop yields, saving resources, and reducing environmental impact. The grid layout divides the planting area into multiple small grids, and sensors and monitoring equipment are installed in each grid to collect data such as soil moisture, temperature, and pH value in real time. These data are analyzed by intelligent systems to generate precise irrigation, fertilization, and pest control plans.

[0003] The existing grid-based blueberry planting layout divides the planting area into multiple small grid units through the Internet of Things and precision agriculture technology. Sensors are installed in each unit to monitor key agricultural parameters such as soil moisture, temperature, pH value, light intensity, etc. in real time. The data collected by these sensors is transmitted to the central control system via a wireless network. The system uses data analysis technology to process and generate optimized irrigation, fertilization and pest control strategies. Existing technologies also include automated equipment such as drip irrigation systems, drones and robots for precise execution of management plans.

[0004] For example, the invention patent announcement with announcement number: CN113177345B discloses a grid-based crop planting layout optimization method, including: establishing a grid model for the target planting area, obtaining the potential crop yield and suitable planting area, minimum crop irrigation water requirement, crop fertilization intensity, cultivated land area and irrigation area data in each grid unit, combining the county-level statistical planting data of the target planting area, allocating the crop planting data in each grid unit, taking the minimum total irrigation water requirement as the optimization goal, optimizing the planting layout based on predetermined constraints, and obtaining the crop planting area in each grid unit after optimization.

[0005] For example, the invention patent with announcement number: CN117150636B announces an indoor plant planting layout method and system, including: indoor two-dimensional plan acquisition module, building BIM model acquisition module, candidate plant planting area acquisition module, plant information acquisition module and plant planting layout plan output module. The present invention matches the suitable temperature range and suitable light range of the plant with the temperature data and light data of the indoor planting area respectively, and then analyzes the fitness of the individual to determine whether the corresponding plant can grow appropriately in the selected planting area, and uses this as a constraint condition for genetic algorithm simulation, which can better meet the indoor plant planting layout situation, and does not require professionals to design based on experience.

[0006] However, in the process of implementing the technical solution of the invention in the embodiments of the present application, the present application found that the above technology has at least the following technical problems:

[0007] In the prior art, pest and disease control is a major challenge faced in blueberry cultivation, especially in the case of a grid layout. Pests and diseases may spread rapidly between different grids, and there is a problem of low correlation between the grid blueberry planting layout and pest and disease control. Summary of the invention

[0008] The embodiments of the present application provide a grid-based blueberry planting layout optimization method and system, thereby solving the problem of low correlation between grid-based blueberry planting layout and pest and disease control in the prior art, and improving the accuracy of graded management of pests and diseases during blueberry planting.

[0009] The embodiment of the present application provides a gridded blueberry planting layout optimization method, comprising the following steps: S1, collecting pest and disease data of a blueberry plantation to be optimized in real time through a blueberry monitoring device, and analyzing the environmental compliance of the blueberry plants based on the pest and disease data to obtain a pest and disease infection index, and judging the pest and disease infection index with a pest and disease warning value obtained from a preset database to obtain a blueberry plant pest and disease status, wherein the pest and disease infection index is used to reflect the degree to which the blueberry plants are susceptible to pests and diseases, and the blueberry plant pest and disease status includes healthy and first-level breeding pests and diseases; S2, selecting a blueberry plant with a pest and disease status of a first-level breeding pest and disease. The corresponding grid is marked as a pest grid area, and the pest status of blueberry plants in the adjacent areas of the pest grid area is found to be affected by first-level breeding pests; S3, the graded control index obtained based on the pest infection coefficient of the pest grid area is compared with the grade control interval to obtain the pest grade of the pest grid area, and the pest grid area is secondary partitioned according to the pest grade, and corresponding pest management measures are taken for the blueberry plantation to be optimized after the secondary partition, the graded control index is used to quantify the degree to which blueberry plants in a region are susceptible to pests and diseases, and the pest management measures include primary management and secondary management.

[0010] Furthermore, the method for acquiring the pest and disease data is as follows: the environmental data is obtained by monitoring the environmental conditions of a preset number of blueberry plants in a preset representative grid area within a preset time period through an environmental sensor, the environmental sensor includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and a light sensor, the environmental data includes environmental temperature, environmental humidity and environmental light intensity, and the preset representative grid area represents a range sampled and selected in the blueberry plantation to be optimized for monitoring the growth conditions of blueberry plants; the soil data is obtained by monitoring the soil conditions of a preset number of blueberry plants in a preset representative grid area within a preset time period through a soil sensor, the soil sensor includes a soil moisture sensor, a soil temperature sensor and a soil pH sensor, and the soil data includes soil moisture, soil temperature and soil pH value; the preset representative grid area is monitored by a drone equipped with a multispectral camera to obtain a multispectral image; the pest and disease data includes environmental data, soil data and multispectral images; the blueberry monitoring equipment includes an environmental sensor, a soil sensor, a drone and a multispectral camera.

[0011] Furthermore, the process of obtaining the pest infection index is as follows: an environmental assessment is performed on the blueberry plantation to be optimized based on environmental data and reference environmental data obtained from a preset database to obtain an environmental impact index, and the environmental impact index is used to evaluate the pest and disease environment compliance of the blueberry plant growth environment; a soil assessment is performed on the blueberry plantation to be optimized based on soil data and reference soil data obtained from a preset database to obtain a soil impact index, and the soil impact index is used to evaluate the pest and disease environment compliance of the soil environment where the roots of the blueberry plants are located; a red light band and a near-infrared band are extracted from a multispectral image, and the corresponding pixel points in the red light band and the near-infrared band are substituted into the normalized vegetation index formula to obtain a normalized vegetation index; the pest infection index includes an environmental impact index, a soil impact index and a normalized vegetation index.

[0012] Furthermore, the specific process of performing environmental assessment on the blueberry plantation to be optimized according to the environmental data and the reference environmental data obtained from the preset database to obtain the environmental impact index is as follows: obtaining reference environmental data from the preset database, the reference environmental data including reference environmental temperature, reference environmental humidity and reference environmental light intensity, the environmental temperature range including the maximum environmental temperature and the minimum environmental temperature, the environmental humidity range including the maximum environmental humidity and the minimum environmental humidity, the environmental light intensity range including the maximum environmental light intensity and the minimum environmental light intensity; numbering the preset representative grid areas, if the environmental data meets the environmental abnormality conditions, the corresponding environmental impact index is recorded as 1, otherwise the environmental impact index is obtained based on the environmental data and the reference environmental data, and the environmental impact index is calculated using the following formula:

[0013] ;

[0014] Where n represents the number of the preset representative grid area, , N represents the total number of preset representative grid areas, represents the ambient temperature of the nth preset representative grid area, Indicates the minimum ambient temperature. Indicates the maximum ambient temperature. represents the ambient humidity of the nth preset representative grid area, Indicates the minimum value of ambient humidity. Indicates the maximum ambient humidity. Represents the ambient light intensity of the nth preset representative grid area, Indicates the minimum ambient light intensity. Indicates the maximum ambient light intensity. Represents the environmental impact index of the nth preset representative grid area.

[0015] Furthermore, the specific process of obtaining the soil impact index by conducting soil evaluation on the blueberry plantation to be optimized based on the soil data and the reference soil data obtained from the preset database is as follows: obtaining reference soil data from the preset database, the reference soil data including reference soil temperature, reference soil moisture and reference soil pH value, the soil temperature range including the maximum soil temperature and the minimum soil temperature, the soil moisture range including the maximum soil moisture and the minimum soil moisture, and the soil pH value range including the maximum soil pH value and the minimum soil pH value; judging whether the soil data meets the soil abnormality condition based on the reference soil data, if the soil data meets the soil abnormality condition, the corresponding soil impact index is recorded as 1, otherwise the soil impact index is obtained based on the soil data and the reference soil data, and the soil impact index is calculated using the following formula:

[0016] ;

[0017] Where n represents the preset representative grid area, , N represents the total number of preset representative grid areas, represents the soil temperature of the nth preset representative grid area, Indicates the minimum soil temperature. represents the maximum soil temperature, represents the soil moisture of the nth preset representative grid area, Indicates the minimum soil moisture. represents the maximum soil moisture. represents the soil pH value of the nth preset representative grid area, Indicates the minimum soil pH value. Indicates the maximum soil pH value. Represents the soil impact index of the nth preset representative grid area.

[0018] Furthermore, the process of obtaining the disease and insect pest status of the blueberry plant is as follows: step one, obtaining a disease and insect pest warning value from a preset database, wherein the disease and insect pest warning value includes an environmental assessment warning value, a soil assessment warning value and a vegetation index warning value; step two, comparing the disease and insect pest infection index with the corresponding disease and insect pest warning value, if the environmental impact index is greater than the environmental assessment warning value, then the disease and insect pest status of the blueberry plant is recorded as a first-level breeding disease and insect pest impact, otherwise, execute step three; step three, if the soil impact index is greater than the soil assessment warning value, then the disease and insect pest status of the blueberry plant is recorded as a first-level breeding disease and insect pest impact, otherwise, execute step four; step four, if the normalized vegetation index is less than the vegetation index warning value, then the disease and insect pest status of the blueberry plant is recorded as a first-level breeding disease and insect pest impact, otherwise, the disease and insect pest status of the blueberry plant is recorded as healthy.

[0019] Furthermore, the process of obtaining the hierarchical control index is as follows: number the pest grid areas, and obtain the evaluation weights from a preset database, wherein the evaluation weights include environmental evaluation weights, soil evaluation weights, and vegetation evaluation weights; obtain the hierarchical control index according to the pest infection index corresponding to the pest grid area, and the hierarchical control index is calculated using the following formula:

[0020] ;

[0021] In the formula, h represents the number of the pest grid area, , H represents the total number of pest grid areas, represents the environmental impact index of the hth pest grid area, represents the environmental assessment weight, represents the soil impact index of the hth pest grid area, represents the soil assessment weight, represents the normalized vegetation index of the hth pest grid area, represents the vegetation assessment weight, Represents the hierarchical control index of the hth pest grid area.

[0022] Furthermore, the specific process of the secondary partitioning is as follows: obtaining a level control interval from a preset database, the level control interval including a first level control interval and a second level control interval; comparing the graded control index with the level control interval to obtain a pest level, the pest level including a first level pest and a second level pest; using a depth-first search algorithm to perform secondary partitioning according to the pest level, recording the first level pest zone as a first level management area, and recording the second level pest zone as a second level management area, the pest management zone is used to accurately manage the pest grid area.

[0023] Furthermore, the corresponding pest and disease management measures are taken for the blueberry plantation to be optimized after the secondary zoning, and then the following includes: continuing to monitor the blueberry plants in the primary management area within a preset time period, if the pest and disease status of the blueberry plants in the primary management area is still affected by primary breeding pests and diseases, then re-dividing the primary management area into the secondary management area for secondary management, if the pest and disease status of the blueberry plants in the primary management area is healthy, then re-marking the primary management area as healthy, and there is no need to continue to take pest and disease management measures.

[0024] The embodiment of the present application provides a grid-based blueberry planting layout optimization system, characterized in that it includes an infection grid judgment module, an infection grid search module and a pest and disease zoning management module: wherein the infection grid judgment module is used to collect pest and disease data of the blueberry plantation to be optimized in real time through a blueberry monitoring device within a preset time period, and analyze the environmental compliance of the blueberry plants based on the pest and disease data to obtain a pest and disease infection index, and the pest and disease infection index is judged with the pest and disease warning value obtained from a preset database to obtain the pest and disease status of the blueberry plant, the pest and disease infection index is used to reflect the degree to which the blueberry plant is susceptible to pests and diseases, and the pest and disease status of the blueberry plant includes health and primary breeding pests and diseases; the infection grid search module is used to The grid corresponding to the blueberry plant whose pest and disease condition is affected by the first-level breeding pests is marked as the pest and disease grid area, and the pest and disease condition of the blueberry plant in the adjacent area of ​​the pest and disease grid area is searched to see whether it is affected by the first-level breeding pests; the pest and disease zoning management module is used to compare the graded control index obtained based on the pest and disease infection coefficient of the pest and disease grid area with the grade control interval to obtain the pest and disease level of the pest and disease grid area, and perform secondary partitioning on the pest and disease grid area according to the pest and disease level, and take corresponding pest and disease management measures for the blueberry plantation to be optimized after the secondary partitioning, the graded control index is used to quantify the degree to which blueberry plants in a region are susceptible to pests and diseases, and the pest and disease management measures include primary management and secondary management.

[0025] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0026] 1. The pest and disease infection index is obtained by analyzing the environmental compliance of the blueberry plants through pest and disease data, and the pest and disease status of the blueberry plants is judged in combination with the pest and disease warning value. The grid corresponding to the blueberry plants affected by the first-level breeding pests is marked as the pest and disease grid area. Then, the graded control index obtained based on the pest and disease infection coefficient of the pest and disease grid area is used to obtain the corresponding pest and disease level. Finally, the pest and disease grid area is secondary partitioned according to the pest and disease level to take corresponding pest and disease management measures, thereby achieving accurate management of blueberry plants infected with pests and diseases, and then achieving the improvement of the accuracy of graded pest and disease management in the blueberry planting process, and effectively solving the problem of low correlation between gridded blueberry planting layout and pest and disease control in the prior art.

[0027] 2. An environmental assessment of the blueberry plantation to be optimized is conducted using environmental data and reference environmental data to obtain the environmental impact index. Then, a soil assessment of the blueberry plantation to be optimized is conducted based on soil data and reference soil data obtained from a preset database to obtain the soil impact index. The red light band and near-infrared band are then extracted from the multispectral image, and the corresponding pixel points in the red light band and the near-infrared band are substituted into the normalized vegetation index formula to obtain the normalized vegetation index, thereby determining the infection status of the blueberry plants and optimizing the pest and disease management layout of the blueberry plantation to be optimized.

[0028] 3. By numbering the pest and disease grid areas and obtaining the evaluation weights from the preset database, a graded control index is obtained according to the pest and disease infection index corresponding to the pest and disease grid area, thereby realizing secondary partitioning of the pest and disease grid area, and then realizing accurate management when blueberry plants are infected with pests and diseases. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 A flowchart of a gridded blueberry planting layout optimization method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the changes in the hierarchical control index provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The embodiment of the present application solves the problem of low correlation between gridded blueberry planting layout and pest and disease control in the prior art by providing a gridded blueberry planting layout optimization method and system. The blueberry monitoring equipment collects pest and disease data of the blueberry plantation to be optimized in real time, and performs environmental assessment on the blueberry plantation to be optimized through environmental data and reference environmental data to obtain an environmental impact index. Then, the soil of the blueberry plantation to be optimized is assessed based on soil data and reference soil data obtained from a preset database to obtain a soil impact index. Then, the red light band and the near-infrared band are extracted from the multispectral image, and the corresponding pixel points in the red light band and the near-infrared band are substituted into the normalized vegetation index formula to obtain the normalized vegetation index. The pest and disease infection index includes the environmental impact index, the soil impact index and the normalized vegetation index. The pest and disease infection index is indexed, and the pest and disease infection index and the pest and disease warning value are judged to obtain the pest and disease status of the blueberry plants, and then the grids corresponding to the blueberry plants whose pest and disease status is affected by the first-level breeding pests are marked as pest and disease grid areas, and the pest and disease status of the blueberry plants in the adjacent areas of the pest and disease grid areas is found to be affected by the first-level breeding pests; then, the evaluation weight is obtained from the preset database, and the graded control index is obtained according to the pest and disease infection index corresponding to the pest and disease grid area, and compared with the grade control interval to obtain the pest and disease level of the pest and disease grid area, and the pest and disease grid area is secondary partitioned according to the pest and disease level, and corresponding pest and disease management measures are taken for the blueberry plantations to be optimized after the secondary partitioning, so as to improve the accuracy of graded pest and disease management in the process of blueberry planting.

[0032] The technical solution in the embodiment of the present application is to solve the problem that the above-mentioned grid-based blueberry planting layout has a low correlation with pest and disease control. The overall idea is as follows:

[0033] The pest and disease grid area is obtained through the pest and disease infection index and the pest and disease warning value, and then the corresponding pest and disease level is obtained based on the graded control index of the pest and disease grid area. Finally, the pest and disease grid area is secondary partitioned according to the pest and disease level to take corresponding pest and disease management measures, thereby achieving the effect of improving the accuracy of graded pest and disease management during blueberry planting.

[0034] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0035] like Figure 1As shown, it is a flowchart of a gridded blueberry planting layout optimization method provided by an embodiment of the present application, the method comprising the following steps: S1, collecting pest and disease data of the blueberry plantation to be optimized in real time through a blueberry monitoring device, and analyzing the environmental compliance of the blueberry plants based on the pest and disease data to obtain a pest and disease infection index, and judging the pest and disease infection index with the pest and disease warning value obtained from a preset database to obtain the pest and disease status of the blueberry plants, the blueberry monitoring device is used to observe the growth status of the blueberry plants in each initial partition in the strawberry plantation to be optimized in real time within a preset time period, the pest and disease data is used to reflect the health status of the blueberry plants, the pest and disease infection index is used to reflect the degree to which the blueberry plants are susceptible to pests and diseases, the pest and disease status of the blueberry plants includes health and primary breeding pests and diseases, the pest and disease warning value is used to quantify the maximum infection degree that the blueberry plants can withstand, and the pest and disease status of the blueberry plants is used to define the current health status of the blueberry plants; S2, comparing the pest and disease of the blueberry plants The grid corresponding to the blueberry plant affected by the first-level breeding pests is marked as the pest grid area, and the pest status of the blueberry plants in the adjacent area of ​​the pest grid area is found to be affected by the first-level breeding pests; S3, the graded control index obtained based on the pest infection coefficient of the pest grid area is compared with the graded control interval to obtain the pest grade of the pest grid area, the pest grid area is secondary partitioned according to the pest grade, and corresponding pest management measures are taken for the blueberry plantation to be optimized after the secondary partition. The graded control index is used to quantify the degree to which blueberry plants in an area are susceptible to pests and diseases, and the graded control interval is used to judge the degree to which blueberry plants in an area are susceptible to pests and diseases. The pest management measures include primary management and secondary management. The primary management controls the degree of pest infection of blueberry plants through drug intervention, and the secondary management means sending prompt instructions to clean up severely infected blueberry plants and replant blueberry plants.

[0036] In this embodiment, the blueberry monitoring device is a device for collecting pest and disease data in a blueberry plantation in real time. It continuously monitors the growth of blueberry plants in the plantation within a preset time period, focusing mainly on pest and disease related data; pest and disease warning values ​​are obtained from a preset database, generally represented by the limit of the maximum degree of infection that the blueberry plant can withstand; once an area is marked as a pest and disease grid area, the system will check all other unmarked areas around the pest and disease grid area to see whether the blueberry plants in these areas are also in an infected state, so as to have a more comprehensive understanding of the spread of the infection; by calculating the graded control index and performing grade evaluation, the infected area can be reasonably zoned and managed, and targeted intervention measures can be taken to reduce the impact of pests and diseases on blueberry plants, thereby improving the accuracy of graded management of pests and diseases during blueberry planting.

[0037] Furthermore, the method for acquiring pest and disease data is as follows: environmental data is obtained by monitoring the environmental conditions of a preset number of blueberry plants in a preset representative grid area within a preset time period through an environmental sensor, the environmental sensor includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and a light sensor, the environmental data includes ambient temperature, ambient humidity and ambient light intensity, the preset representative grid area represents a range sampled and selected in the blueberry plantation to be optimized for monitoring the growth conditions of blueberry plants, the temperature sensor is used to obtain the ambient temperature by monitoring the temperature of the growth environment of the blueberry plants, the humidity sensor is used to obtain the ambient humidity by monitoring the humidity of the growth environment of the blueberry plants, the light sensor is used to obtain the ambient light intensity by monitoring the light intensity of the growth environment of the blueberry plants, the ambient temperature represents the temperature of the growth environment of the blueberry plants, the ambient humidity represents the humidity of the growth environment of the blueberry plants, and the ambient light intensity represents the light intensity of the growth environment of the blueberry plants; monitoring a preset number of blueberry plants in a preset representative grid area within a preset time period through a soil sensor The soil data is obtained by monitoring the soil conditions of the blueberry plants. The soil sensors include soil moisture sensors, soil temperature sensors and soil pH sensors. The soil data include soil moisture, soil temperature and soil pH. The soil moisture sensor is used to measure the water content in the soil to obtain soil moisture. The soil temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature in the soil to obtain soil temperature. The soil pH sensor is used to measure the acidity and alkalinity of the soil to obtain soil pH. The soil moisture indicates the moisture of the soil where the roots of the blueberry plants are located. The soil temperature indicates the temperature of the soil where the roots of the blueberry plants are located. The soil pH indicates the acidity and alkalinity of the soil where the roots of the blueberry plants are located. The multispectral image is obtained by monitoring the preset representative grid area with a multispectral camera carried by a drone. The multispectral image is used to capture the reflection or radiation characteristics of the vegetation in the blueberry plantation to be optimized in different spectral bands. The pest and disease data include environmental data, soil data and multispectral images. The blueberry monitoring equipment includes environmental sensors, soil sensors, drones and multispectral cameras

[0038] In this embodiment, the preset representative grid area is selected according to the proportion of infected plants in the area within the historical time period. For example, if the number of blueberry plants infected with pests and diseases in a certain area of ​​the blueberry plantation to be optimized exceeds 50% (which can be set according to actual conditions) within the historical time period, the area is selected as the preset representative grid area for key monitoring and management. A multispectral camera is a camera that can capture images of different spectral bands (such as visible light, near-infrared light, etc.). The multispectral camera can analyze the reflection characteristics of plants in different bands to help identify the health status of vegetation. The environmental sensors arranged to continuously monitor the ambient temperature, humidity and light intensity can help farmers understand the environmental conditions required for the growth of blueberries and adjust agricultural measures such as irrigation and shading in a timely manner. For example, in a blueberry plantation in summer, the environmental sensors monitor that the temperature rises by more than 35°C and the humidity drops below 30%. Farmers can take measures such as spraying to cool down and increase humidity in a timely manner based on these data to prevent damage to blueberry plants caused by high temperature and dryness.

[0039] Specifically, soil sensors are placed in the soil at the roots of blueberries to measure soil moisture, temperature and pH. These data help farmers understand the growth environment of blueberry roots and ensure that soil conditions are suitable for the healthy growth of blueberries. For example, if the soil pH sensor shows that the soil pH is higher than the range suitable for blueberry growth (usually pH 4.5-5.5), farmers can apply sulfur or other acidifiers to adjust the soil acidity to ensure the normal growth of blueberries.

[0040] Specifically, multispectral cameras are installed on drones to regularly monitor blueberry plantations and generate multispectral images. These images can reflect the health status of blueberry plants, such as detecting areas that may be invaded by pests and diseases or lack of nutrition. For example, multispectral images taken by drones show that blueberry plants in a certain area have weaker reflectivity in the red light band, indicating that these plants may be suffering from diseases. Farmers can take timely measures based on this information, such as spraying fungicides or adjusting fertilization strategies. Through the above method, farmers can obtain environmental data, soil data and multispectral image data.

[0041] In general, these data can be combined to form a comprehensive understanding of the blueberry growing environment, especially in terms of pest and disease management. Farmers can integrate this information and quickly take targeted agricultural measures to reduce the occurrence of blueberry pests and diseases and improve yield and quality.

[0042] Furthermore, the process of obtaining the pest and disease infection index is as follows: an environmental assessment is performed on the blueberry plantation to be optimized based on the environmental data and the reference environmental data obtained from the preset database to obtain the environmental impact index, which is used to evaluate the pest and disease environment compliance of the blueberry plant growth environment; a soil assessment is performed on the blueberry plantation to be optimized based on the soil data and the reference soil data obtained from the preset database to obtain the soil impact index, which is used to evaluate the pest and disease environment compliance of the soil environment where the roots of the blueberry plants are located; the red light band and the near-infrared band are extracted from the multispectral image, and the corresponding pixel points in the red light band and the near-infrared band are substituted into the normalized vegetation index formula to obtain the normalized vegetation index, which is used to evaluate the pest and disease environment compliance of the vegetation in the blueberry plantation to be optimized; the pest and disease infection index includes the environmental impact index, the soil impact index and the normalized vegetation index.

[0043] In this embodiment, the combined analysis of the environmental impact index, the soil impact index and the normalized vegetation index can provide a comprehensive risk assessment of pest infection for the blueberry plantation, which is helpful for taking early preventive measures; wherein, the normalized vegetation index formula is as follows:

[0044] ;

[0045] It should be understood that NIR is the reflectivity of the near infrared band, and R is the reflectivity of the red light band. It stands for Normalized Difference Vegetation Index. Healthy vegetation usually has a higher reflectivity in the near-infrared band and a lower reflectivity in the red band. If the NDVI value is low, it may mean that the blueberry plant vegetation is infected by pests or diseases or lacks water. By analyzing the multispectral images of the blueberry plantation, the overall health of the vegetation can be quickly assessed.

[0046] Furthermore, the specific process of obtaining the environmental impact index by conducting an environmental assessment on the optimized blueberry plantation according to the environmental data and the reference environmental data obtained from the preset database is as follows: obtaining the reference environmental data from the preset database, the reference environmental data including the reference environmental temperature, the reference environmental humidity and the reference environmental light intensity, the reference environmental temperature indicating the suitable environmental temperature range for the growth of blueberry plants, the environmental temperature range including the maximum environmental temperature and the minimum environmental temperature, the reference environmental humidity indicating the suitable environmental humidity range for the growth of blueberry plants, the environmental humidity range including the maximum environmental humidity and the minimum environmental humidity, the reference environmental light intensity indicating the suitable environmental light intensity range for the growth of blueberry plants, the environmental light intensity range including the maximum environmental light intensity and the minimum environmental light intensity; numbering the preset representative grid areas, if the environmental data meets the environmental abnormality conditions, the corresponding environmental impact index is recorded as 1, otherwise the environmental impact index is obtained based on the environmental data and the reference environmental data, the environmental abnormality conditions indicating that the environmental temperature does not belong to the environmental temperature range or the environmental humidity does not belong to the environmental humidity range or the environmental light intensity does not belong to the environmental light intensity range, and the environmental impact index is calculated using the following formula:

[0047] ;

[0048] Where n represents the number of the preset representative grid area, , N represents the total number of preset representative grid areas, represents the ambient temperature of the nth preset representative grid area, Indicates the minimum ambient temperature. Indicates the maximum ambient temperature. represents the ambient humidity of the nth preset representative grid area, Indicates the minimum value of ambient humidity. Indicates the maximum ambient humidity. Represents the ambient light intensity of the nth preset representative grid area, Indicates the minimum ambient light intensity. Indicates the maximum ambient light intensity. Represents the environmental impact index of the nth preset representative grid area.

[0049] In this embodiment, the algorithm combines the environmental data and the reference environmental data for comprehensive analysis to obtain the environmental impact index, and the respective variables are independent of each other, but jointly affect the environmental impact index. In the formula, as the ambient temperature, ambient humidity and ambient pH value increase, the environmental impact index also increases, indicating that the ambient temperature, ambient humidity and ambient pH value are positively correlated with the environmental impact index; the difference between the maximum ambient temperature and the minimum ambient temperature represents the maximum ambient temperature deviation, the difference between the ambient temperature and the minimum ambient temperature represents the ambient temperature deviation, and the larger the ratio of the ambient temperature deviation to the maximum ambient temperature deviation, the more unfavorable the ambient temperature is for the growth of blueberry plants; similarly, the difference between the maximum ambient humidity and the minimum ambient humidity represents the maximum ambient humidity deviation, the difference between the ambient humidity and the minimum ambient humidity represents the ambient humidity deviation, and the larger the ratio of the ambient humidity deviation to the maximum ambient humidity deviation, the more unfavorable the ambient humidity is for the growth of blueberry plants; similarly, the difference between the maximum ambient light intensity and the minimum ambient light intensity represents the maximum Ambient light intensity deviation, the difference between ambient light intensity and the minimum ambient light intensity indicates ambient light intensity deviation, the larger the ratio of ambient light intensity deviation to maximum ambient light intensity deviation, the more unfavorable the ambient light intensity is to the growth of blueberry plants; however, the increase or decrease of an independent variable cannot completely determine the changing trend of the environmental impact index. When the three independent variables change in the direction of a changing trend, the environmental impact index also increases in the same direction; in a high humidity environment, if the temperature is high, it will provide favorable conditions for the reproduction of pathogens, which may easily lead to the occurrence of diseases such as mold and bacterial spot, and when under strong light, if the humidity is insufficient, blueberries are prone to water loss, and under high humidity conditions, transpiration is reduced, which may cause excessive water to remain on the leaf surface, increasing the risk of disease. In addition, light intensity and temperature jointly determine the efficiency of photosynthesis of blueberry plants; it can be seen that real-time collection of environmental data of blueberry plants is conducive to analyzing the health status of blueberry plants, and preventing pests and diseases or taking appropriate pest and disease management measures based on the monitoring situation.

[0050] Specifically, the reference ambient temperature is obtained from a preset database. In a specific embodiment, the reference ambient temperature is obtained based on the research results of agricultural research institutions, universities or other academic institutions on the growth conditions of blueberries. For example, the research of Northeast Agricultural University concluded that the optimal growth temperature of blueberries is between 18-25°C, so 18°C ​​is the minimum ambient temperature and 25°C is the maximum ambient temperature.

[0051] Specifically, the reference ambient humidity is obtained from a preset database. In a specific embodiment, the reference ambient humidity is obtained based on research results on blueberry growth conditions from agricultural research institutions, universities or other academic institutions. For example, a study by China Agricultural University concluded that the optimal growth humidity for blueberries is between 60% and 70%, so 60% is the minimum ambient humidity and 70% is the maximum ambient humidity.

[0052] Specifically, the reference ambient light intensity is obtained from a preset database. In a specific embodiment, the reference ambient light intensity is obtained based on research results on blueberry growth conditions from agricultural research institutions, universities or other academic institutions. For example, a study by Huazhong Agricultural University concluded that the optimal growth light intensity for blueberries is between 15,000 and 25,000 lux, so 15,000 lux is the minimum ambient light intensity and 25,000 lux is the maximum ambient light intensity.

[0053] Further, the specific process of evaluating the soil for the optimized blueberry plantation according to the soil data and the reference soil data obtained from the preset database to obtain the soil impact index is as follows: obtain the reference soil data from the preset database, the reference soil data includes the reference soil temperature, the reference soil moisture and the reference soil pH value, the reference soil temperature indicates the soil temperature range suitable for the root growth of the blueberry plant, the soil temperature range includes the maximum soil temperature and the minimum soil temperature, the reference soil moisture indicates the soil moisture range suitable for the root growth of the blueberry plant, the soil moisture range includes the maximum soil moisture and the minimum soil moisture, the reference soil pH value indicates the soil pH range suitable for the root growth of the blueberry plant, the soil pH range includes the maximum soil pH and the minimum soil pH; based on the reference soil data, determine whether the soil data meets the soil abnormality condition, if the soil data meets the soil abnormality condition, then the corresponding soil impact index is recorded as 1, otherwise the soil impact index is obtained based on the soil data and the reference soil data, the soil abnormality condition refers to the soil temperature not belonging to the soil temperature range or the soil moisture not belonging to the soil moisture range or the soil pH value not belonging to the soil pH range, the soil impact index is calculated using the following formula:

[0054] ;

[0055] Where n represents the preset representative grid area, , N represents the total number of preset representative grid areas, represents the soil temperature of the nth preset representative grid area, Indicates the minimum soil temperature. represents the maximum soil temperature, represents the soil moisture of the nth preset representative grid area, Indicates the minimum soil moisture. represents the maximum soil moisture. represents the soil pH value of the nth preset representative grid area, Indicates the minimum soil pH value. Indicates the maximum soil pH value. Represents the soil impact index of the nth preset representative grid area.

[0056] In this embodiment, the algorithm combines soil data and reference soil data for comprehensive analysis to obtain a soil impact index, and each variable is independent of each other, but jointly affects the soil impact index. In the formula, as soil temperature, soil moisture and soil pH value increase, the soil impact index also increases, indicating that soil temperature, soil moisture and soil pH value are positively correlated with the soil impact index; the difference between the maximum soil temperature and the minimum soil temperature represents the maximum soil temperature deviation, the difference between the soil temperature and the minimum soil temperature represents the soil temperature deviation, and the larger the ratio of the soil temperature deviation to the maximum soil temperature deviation, the more unfavorable the soil temperature is for the growth of blueberry plants; similarly, the difference between the maximum soil moisture and the minimum soil moisture represents the maximum soil moisture deviation, the difference between the soil moisture and the minimum soil moisture represents the soil moisture deviation, and the larger the ratio of the soil moisture deviation to the maximum soil moisture deviation, the more unfavorable the soil moisture is for the growth of blueberry plants; similarly, the soil p The difference between the maximum H value and the minimum soil pH value represents the maximum soil pH deviation, and the difference between the soil pH value and the minimum soil pH value represents the soil pH deviation. The larger the ratio of the soil pH deviation to the maximum soil pH deviation, the more unfavorable the soil pH value is for the growth of blueberry plants. However, the increase or decrease of an independent variable cannot completely determine the changing trend of the dependent variable soil impact index. When the three independent variables change in the same direction, the dependent variable soil impact index also increases in the same direction. Soil temperature and humidity jointly affect the activity of soil microorganisms, and if the soil temperature rises, it will also accelerate the chemical reaction in the soil and affect the rate of change of the soil pH value. At the same time, changes in soil humidity may also promote the chemical reaction of the soil, thereby affecting the soil pH value. Therefore, monitoring of soil temperature, humidity and pH value is an important factor that cannot be ignored in observing the growth of blueberry plants, which is beneficial to prevent blueberry plants from being infected with diseases and pests and increase the yield of blueberries.

[0057] Specifically, the reference soil temperature is obtained from a preset database. In a specific embodiment, the reference soil temperature is obtained based on the research results of agricultural research institutions, universities or other academic institutions on blueberry growth conditions. For example, the research of Northeast Agricultural University concluded that the optimal soil temperature range for blueberries is 15-22°C, then 15°C is the minimum soil temperature and 22°C is the maximum soil temperature.

[0058] Specifically, the reference soil moisture is obtained from a preset database. In a specific embodiment, the reference soil moisture is obtained based on research results on blueberry growth conditions from agricultural research institutions, universities or other academic institutions. For example, a study by South China Agricultural University concluded that the optimal soil moisture range for blueberries is 20%-30%, so 20% is the minimum soil moisture and 30% is the maximum soil moisture.

[0059] Specifically, the reference soil pH value is obtained from a preset database. In a specific embodiment, the reference soil pH value is obtained based on the research results of agricultural research institutions, universities or other academic institutions on blueberry growth conditions. For example, a study by Zhejiang University concluded that the optimal soil pH value range for blueberries is 4.5-5.5, so 4.5 is the minimum soil pH value and 5.5 is the maximum soil pH value.

[0060] Furthermore, the process of obtaining the pest and disease status of blueberry plants is as follows: Step 1, obtaining pest and disease warning values ​​from a preset database, the pest and disease warning values ​​include environmental assessment warning values, soil assessment warning values ​​and vegetation index warning values, the environmental assessment warning values ​​are used to warn of environmental pests and diseases, the soil assessment warning values ​​are used to warn of soil pests and diseases, and the vegetation index warning values ​​are used to warn of blueberry plant vegetation pests and diseases; Step 2, comparing the pest and disease infection index with the corresponding pest and disease warning value, if the environmental impact index is greater than the environmental assessment warning value, then the pest and disease status of the blueberry plant is recorded as a first-level breeding pest and disease impact, otherwise, execute step 3; Step 3, if the soil impact index is greater than the soil assessment warning value, then the pest and disease status of the blueberry plant is recorded as a first-level breeding pest and disease impact, otherwise, execute step 4; Step 4, if the normalized vegetation index is less than the vegetation index warning value, then the pest and disease status of the blueberry plant is recorded as a first-level breeding pest and disease impact, otherwise, the pest and disease status of the blueberry plant is recorded as healthy.

[0061] In this embodiment, each influencing factor (environment, soil, vegetation) has a corresponding warning value. By gradually comparing these warning values, it is possible to determine whether the blueberry plants are infected by pests and diseases, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the judgment and ensuring that it is marked as "level one pest and disease impact" only when certain key conditions exceed the acceptable range.

[0062] Specifically, the environmental assessment warning value is obtained from preset data. In a specific embodiment, the environmental assessment warning value is represented by the minimum value of the environmental impact index corresponding to the blueberry plants affected by the first-level pests and diseases in the historical time period. For example, when the minimum value of the environmental impact index corresponding to the blueberry plants affected by the first-level pests and diseases in the historical time period is 0.85, then the environmental assessment warning value is set to 0.85.

[0063] Specifically, the soil assessment warning value is obtained from preset data. In a specific embodiment, the soil assessment warning value is represented by the minimum value of the soil impact index corresponding to the blueberry plants affected by the first-level pests and diseases in the historical time period. For example, when the minimum value of the soil impact index corresponding to the blueberry plants affected by the first-level pests and diseases in the historical time period is 0.8, then the soil assessment warning value is set to 0.8.

[0064] Specifically, the vegetation assessment warning value is obtained from preset data. In a specific embodiment, the vegetation assessment warning value is represented by the maximum value of the normalized vegetation index corresponding to the blueberry plants affected by the first-level pests and diseases in the historical time period. For example, when the maximum value of the normalized vegetation index corresponding to the blueberry plants affected by the first-level pests and diseases in the historical time period is 0.2, then the vegetation assessment warning value is set to 0.2.

[0065] Furthermore, the process of obtaining the graded control index is as follows: number the pest grid areas and obtain the assessment weights from the preset database. The assessment weights include environmental assessment weights, soil assessment weights and vegetation assessment weights. The environmental assessment weights are used to measure the degree of influence of the environment on the pest level. The soil assessment weights are used to measure the degree of influence of the soil on the pest level. The vegetation assessment weights are used to measure the degree of influence of the vegetation on the pest level. The graded control index is obtained according to the pest infection index corresponding to the pest grid area. The graded control index is calculated using the following formula:

[0066] ;

[0067] In the formula, h represents the number of the pest grid area, , H represents the total number of pest grid areas, represents the environmental impact index of the hth pest grid area, represents the environmental assessment weight, represents the soil impact index of the hth pest grid area, represents the soil assessment weight, represents the normalized vegetation index of the hth pest grid area, represents the vegetation assessment weight, Represents the hierarchical control index of the hth pest grid area.

[0068] In this embodiment, the algorithm combines the pest infection index and the evaluation weight for comprehensive analysis to obtain the hierarchical control index. Each variable is independent of each other but jointly affects the hierarchical control index. In the formula, when the evaluation weight is determined, as the environmental impact index and the soil impact index increase, the hierarchical control index gradually decreases, and as the normalized vegetation index increases, the hierarchical control index also increases, indicating that the hierarchical control index is negatively correlated with the independent variables of the environmental impact index and the soil impact index, while the normalized vegetation index is positively correlated with the hierarchical control index; when the environmental impact index and the soil impact index are larger, indicating that the environmental impact and the soil impact on the blueberry plant are more severe, the hierarchical control index is smaller, and when the normalized vegetation index is larger, indicating that the blueberry vegetation is more prosperous, the possibility of being infected by pests and diseases is smaller, the hierarchical control index is larger, it can be seen that judging the severity of infection of blueberry plants from the three aspects of environment, soil and vegetation is more comprehensive. Therefore, the method provided by this embodiment is conducive to accurately grading the pest grid area, saving management costs and time, and improving the pest management efficiency of blueberry plants.

[0069] Specifically, assuming that the environmental assessment weight is 0.4, the soil assessment weight is 0.4, the vegetation assessment weight is 0.2, and the normalized vegetation index is 0.5, the schematic diagram of the change of the graded control index is obtained by combining the environmental impact index and the soil impact index, as shown in Figure 2 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the change of the graded control index provided in the embodiment of the present application. It can be seen from the figure that with the increase of the environmental impact index and the soil impact index, the image shows a downward trend, indicating that the graded control index is negatively correlated with the environmental impact index and the soil impact index, and the value range of the environmental impact index and the soil impact index are both between 0 and 1, so the smaller the environmental impact index and the soil impact index are, the smaller the possibility of the blueberry plants being infected by pests and diseases reflected in the environment and soil aspects, and the more conducive to the growth of the blueberry plants.

[0070] Specifically, assuming that the environmental assessment weight is 0.4, the soil assessment weight is 0.4 and the vegetation assessment weight is 0.2, the graded control index change table is obtained by combining the environmental impact index, soil impact index and normalized vegetation index, as shown in Table 1:

[0071] surface Grading control index change table

[0072] It can be seen from the table that when the environmental impact index increases, the corresponding hierarchical control index decreases. For example, the environmental impact index in the first row of data is 0.00, and the corresponding hierarchical control index of 1.20 is the largest hierarchical control index in the table (the maximum value of the hierarchical control index in Table 1), while the environmental control index in the fifth row of data is 0.82, and the corresponding hierarchical control index is 0.95. It can be obtained that when the environmental impact index is large, the corresponding hierarchical control index is smaller, which fully shows that the environmental impact index is negatively correlated with the hierarchical control index; similarly, the soil impact index is also negatively correlated with the hierarchical control index; however, the normalized vegetation index and the hierarchical control index show an obvious positive correlation. For example, the normalized vegetation index in the first row of data is 1.00, and the corresponding hierarchical control index is 1.20, while the normalized vegetation index in the sixth row of data is 0.26, and the corresponding hierarchical control index is 0.93 (less than the hierarchical control index corresponding to the first row of data).

[0073] Specifically, the environmental assessment weight is obtained from a preset database. In a specific embodiment, a mapping set of environmental impact indexes and their corresponding weight factors is constructed based on the environmental temperature, environmental humidity and environmental light intensity in historical data and the graded control index, and the real-time environmental impact index is input into the mapping set to obtain the corresponding environmental assessment weight.

[0074] Specifically, the soil assessment weight is obtained from a preset database. In a specific embodiment, a mapping set of environmental impact index and its corresponding weight factor is constructed based on soil temperature, soil moisture and soil pH value in historical data and the graded control index, and the real-time soil impact index is input into the mapping set to obtain the corresponding soil assessment weight.

[0075] Specifically, the vegetation assessment weight is obtained from a preset database. In a specific embodiment, a mapping set of the normalized vegetation index and its corresponding weight factor is constructed according to the normalized vegetation index and the hierarchical control index in the historical data, and the real-time normalized vegetation index is input into the mapping set to obtain the corresponding vegetation assessment weight.

[0076] Furthermore, the specific process of secondary partitioning is as follows: obtain the level control interval from the preset database, the level control interval includes the first level control interval and the second level control interval; compare the graded control index with the level control interval to obtain the pest and disease level, the pest and disease level includes the first level pest and disease and the second level pest and disease; if the graded control index belongs to the first level control interval, the pest and disease level is the first level pest and disease; if the graded control index belongs to the second level control interval, the pest and disease level is the second level pest and disease; use the depth-first search algorithm to perform secondary partitioning according to the pest and disease level, record the first level pest and disease partition as the first level management area, and record the second level pest and disease partition as the second level management area. The depth-first search algorithm is used to merge the pest and disease grid areas with the same and adjacent pest and disease levels in the initial partition into new pest and disease management partitions. The pest and disease management partitions are used to accurately manage the pest and disease grid areas.

[0077] In this embodiment, the first-level control interval represents the pest and disease interval for drug intervention. When the graded control index falls within the first-level control interval, the pest and disease level is assessed as a first-level pest and disease; the second-level control interval represents a more serious pest and disease interval. When the graded control index falls within this interval, the pest and disease level is assessed as a second-level pest and disease; through the method provided in this embodiment, it is possible to accurately divide management areas according to different levels of pests and diseases, optimize pest and disease management resources, and reduce decentralized management by merging adjacent pest and disease areas, thereby improving the efficiency of pest and disease prevention and control.

[0078] Specifically, the grade control interval is obtained from a preset database. In a specific embodiment, the grade control interval is set according to the historical graded control index, and the historical graded control index is obtained by the graded control index corresponding to the blueberry plants being infected to the point of being unable to survive in the historical time period, and the range corresponding to the minimum value to the maximum value of the graded control index corresponding to the blueberry plants being infected to the point of being unable to survive in the historical time period is the second grade control interval, and the range corresponding to the minimum value to the maximum value of the graded control index corresponding to the blueberry plants being infected to the point of being able to survive is the first grade control interval.

[0079] Specifically, the depth-first search algorithm is used in the method of this embodiment to merge adjacent areas with the same pest and disease level. For example, suppose a field is divided into multiple grids, each grid has a pest and disease level, which may be level one or level two; if the system finds that the pest and disease level of some grids is level one, it will start from the first level one pest and disease grid found, and use the depth-first search algorithm to find other grids adjacent to it with the same pest and disease level, and continue to expand until there are no adjacent level one pest and disease grids; after searching with the depth-first search algorithm, all adjacent level one pest and disease grids will be merged into a larger level one management area, and the level two pest and disease areas will be merged in the same way.

[0080] Furthermore, corresponding pest and disease management measures are taken for the blueberry plantations to be optimized after the secondary zoning, which also includes: after drip irrigation of medicine for the blueberry plants in the primary management area, the blueberry plants in the primary management area are continued to be monitored within a preset time period. If the pest and disease status of the blueberry plants in the primary management area is still affected by primary breeding pests and diseases, the primary management area is re-divided into the secondary management area for secondary management. If the pest and disease status of the blueberry plants in the primary management area is healthy, the primary management area is re-marked as healthy, and there is no need to continue to take pest and disease management measures.

[0081] In this embodiment, drug drip irrigation refers to applying drugs directly to the roots or leaves of the plants to improve treatment efficiency and reduce drug waste; through secondary zoning and dynamic adjustment of management areas, refined management of blueberry plantations is achieved, which helps to use resources more effectively and improve the pertinence and efficiency of pest and disease management; and through monitoring within a preset time period and real-time evaluation of pest and disease conditions, pest and disease problems can be discovered in time and corresponding management measures can be taken to prevent the spread and deterioration of the disease. At the same time, through effective pest and disease management, blueberry plants can be protected from pests and diseases, thereby improving the yield and quality of blueberries.

[0082] The embodiment of the present application provides a grid-based blueberry planting layout optimization system, including an infection grid judgment module, an infection grid search module and a pest and disease zoning management module: wherein the infection grid judgment module is used to collect pest and disease data of a blueberry plantation to be optimized in real time through a blueberry monitoring device within a preset time period, and analyze the environmental compliance of the blueberry plant based on the pest and disease data to obtain a pest and disease infection index, and the pest and disease infection index is judged with a pest and disease warning value obtained from a preset database to obtain the pest and disease status of the blueberry plant, the blueberry monitoring device is used to observe the growth status of the blueberry plant in real time, the pest and disease data represents data reflecting the health status of the blueberry plant, the pest and disease infection index is used to reflect the degree to which the blueberry plant is susceptible to pests and diseases, the pest and disease status of the blueberry plant includes health and primary breeding pests and diseases, the pest and disease warning value is used to quantify the highest degree of infection that the blueberry plant can withstand, and the pest and disease status of the blueberry plant is used to define the health status of the current blueberry plant; the infection grid search module is used to The grid corresponding to the blueberry plant affected by the first-level breeding pests is marked as the pest grid area, and the pest status of the blueberry plants in the adjacent areas of the pest grid area is found to be affected by the first-level breeding pests; the pest zoning management module is used to compare the graded control index obtained based on the pest infection coefficient of the pest grid area with the grade control interval to obtain the pest grade of the pest grid area, and the pest grid area is secondary partitioned according to the pest grade, and corresponding pest management measures are taken for the blueberry plantation to be optimized after the secondary partition. The graded control index is used to quantify the degree to which blueberry plants in an area are susceptible to pests and diseases, and the grade control interval is used to judge the degree to which blueberry plants in an area are susceptible to pests and diseases. The pest management measures include primary management and secondary management. The primary management controls the degree of pest infection of blueberry plants through drug intervention, and the secondary management means sending prompt instructions to clean up severely infected blueberry plants and replant blueberry plants.

[0083] In this embodiment, the primary management mainly controls the degree of infection of blueberry plants with pests and diseases through drug intervention; the secondary management generally includes sending prompt instructions to clean up severely infected blueberry plants and replant blueberry plants, which is usually a measure taken when the pests and diseases have seriously affected the health and yield of blueberry plants; and the grids corresponding to the blueberry plants infected with pests and diseases are marked as pest and disease grid areas, and the environmental compliance of adjacent areas is found, which helps to accurately locate the areas where pests and diseases occur, and provide a basis for subsequent zoning management; at the same time, secondary zoning is carried out according to the pest and disease levels of the pest and disease grid areas, and corresponding pest and disease management measures are taken, so as to realize dynamic zoning and refined management of blueberry plantations, which helps to make more effective use of resources and improve the pertinence and efficiency of pest and disease management; and through the drug intervention of the primary management and the cleaning and replanting of the secondary management, the prevention and control of blueberry pests and diseases are combined, which helps to reduce the damage of pests and diseases to blueberry plants and ensure the yield and quality of blueberries.

[0084] In summary, the embodiment of the present application analyzes the environmental compliance of blueberry plants through pest and disease data to obtain a pest and disease infection index, combines the pest and disease warning value to make a judgment to obtain the pest and disease status of the blueberry plants, and then marks the grids corresponding to the blueberry plants affected by the first-level breeding pests with the pest and disease status of the blueberry plants as pest and disease grid areas, and then obtains the corresponding pest and disease level based on the graded control index obtained based on the pest and disease infection coefficient of the pest and disease grid area. Finally, the pest and disease grid area is secondary partitioned according to the pest and disease level to take corresponding pest and disease management measures, thereby achieving accurate management of blueberry plants infected with pests and diseases, and further achieving improved accuracy of graded pest and disease management during blueberry planting, and effectively solving the problem of low correlation between gridded blueberry planting layout and pest and disease control in the prior art.

[0085] It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0086] The present invention is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of processes and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0087] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0088] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0089] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0090] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A gridded blueberry planting layout optimization method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, collecting pest and disease data of the blueberry plantation to be optimized in real time through a blueberry monitoring device, and analyzing the environmental compliance of the blueberry plants based on the pest and disease data to obtain a pest and disease infection index, and judging the pest and disease infection index with the pest and disease warning value obtained from a preset database to obtain the pest and disease status of the blueberry plants, wherein the pest and disease infection index is used to reflect the degree to which the blueberry plants are susceptible to pests and diseases, and the pest and disease status of the blueberry plants includes health and primary breeding pests and diseases; S2, marking the grid corresponding to the blueberry plant whose disease and insect pest status is affected by the first-level breeding disease and insect pest as the disease and insect pest grid area, and finding out whether the disease and insect pest status of the blueberry plant in the adjacent area of ​​the disease and insect pest grid area is affected by the first-level breeding disease and insect pest; S3, comparing the graded control index obtained based on the pest infection coefficient of the pest grid area with the grade control interval to obtain the pest grade of the pest grid area, performing secondary partitioning on the pest grid area according to the pest grade, and taking corresponding pest management measures for the blueberry plantation to be optimized after the secondary partitioning, wherein the graded control index is used to quantify the degree to which blueberry plants in an area are susceptible to pests and diseases, and the pest management measures include primary management and secondary management.

2. A gridded blueberry planting layout optimization method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The method for obtaining the pest and disease data is as follows: Environmental data is obtained by monitoring the environmental conditions of a preset number of blueberry plants in a preset representative grid area within a preset time period through an environmental sensor, wherein the environmental sensor includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and a light sensor, and the environmental data includes environmental temperature, environmental humidity and environmental light intensity, and the preset representative grid area represents a range selected by sampling in the blueberry plantation to be optimized for monitoring the growth conditions of blueberry plants; The soil data is obtained by monitoring the soil conditions of a preset number of blueberry plants in a preset representative grid area within a preset time period by a soil sensor, wherein the soil sensor includes a soil moisture sensor, a soil temperature sensor and a soil pH sensor, and the soil data includes soil moisture, soil temperature and soil pH value; The multispectral image is obtained by monitoring the preset representative grid area with a multispectral camera carried by the UAV; The pest and disease data include environmental data, soil data and multispectral images; The blueberry monitoring equipment includes environmental sensors, soil sensors, drones and multispectral cameras.

3. A gridded blueberry planting layout optimization method as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The process of obtaining the pest infection index is as follows: Performing an environmental assessment on the blueberry plantation to be optimized based on the environmental data and the reference environmental data obtained from the preset database to obtain an environmental impact index, wherein the environmental impact index is used to assess the compliance of the pest and disease environment of the blueberry plant growth environment; A soil impact index is obtained by performing a soil assessment on the blueberry plantation to be optimized based on the soil data and the reference soil data obtained from a preset database, wherein the soil impact index is used to assess the pest and disease environment compliance of the soil environment where the roots of the blueberry plants are located; Extracting red light band and near infrared band from multispectral image, and substituting corresponding pixel points in red light band and near infrared band into normalized vegetation index formula to obtain normalized vegetation index; The pest infection index includes an environmental impact index, a soil impact index and a normalized vegetation index.

4. A gridded blueberry planting layout optimization method as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The specific process of performing environmental assessment on the blueberry plantation to be optimized based on the environmental data and the reference environmental data obtained from the preset database to obtain the environmental impact index is as follows: Acquire reference environment data from a preset database, wherein the reference environment data includes reference environment temperature, reference environment humidity and reference environment light intensity; The preset representative grid areas are numbered. If the environmental data meets the environmental abnormality conditions, the corresponding environmental impact index is recorded as 1. Otherwise, the environmental impact index is obtained based on the environmental data and the reference environmental data. The environmental impact index is calculated using the following formula: ； Where n represents the number of the preset representative grid area, , N represents the total number of preset representative grid areas, represents the ambient temperature of the nth preset representative grid area, Indicates the minimum ambient temperature. Indicates the maximum ambient temperature. represents the ambient humidity of the nth preset representative grid area, Indicates the minimum value of ambient humidity. Indicates the maximum ambient humidity. Represents the ambient light intensity of the nth preset representative grid area, Indicates the minimum ambient light intensity. Indicates the maximum ambient light intensity. Represents the environmental impact index of the nth preset representative grid area.

5. A gridded blueberry planting layout optimization method as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The specific process of obtaining the soil impact index by conducting soil assessment on the blueberry plantation to be optimized based on the soil data and the reference soil data obtained from the preset database is as follows: Acquire reference soil data from a preset database, wherein the reference soil data includes reference soil temperature, reference soil moisture and reference soil pH value; Based on the reference soil data, it is determined whether the soil data meets the soil anomaly condition. If the soil data meets the soil anomaly condition, the corresponding soil impact index is recorded as 1. Otherwise, the soil impact index is obtained based on the soil data and the reference soil data. The soil impact index is calculated using the following formula: ； Where n represents the preset representative grid area, , N represents the total number of preset representative grid areas, represents the soil temperature of the nth preset representative grid area, Indicates the minimum soil temperature. represents the maximum soil temperature, represents the soil moisture of the nth preset representative grid area, Indicates the minimum soil moisture. represents the maximum soil moisture. represents the soil pH value of the nth preset representative grid area, Indicates the minimum soil pH value. Indicates the maximum soil pH value. Represents the soil impact index of the nth preset representative grid area.

6. A gridded blueberry planting layout optimization method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The process of obtaining the pest and disease status of the blueberry plant is specifically as follows: Step 1: Obtaining pest warning values ​​from a preset database, wherein the pest warning values ​​include an environmental assessment warning value, a soil assessment warning value, and a vegetation index warning value; Step 2: compare the pest infection index with the corresponding pest warning value. If the environmental impact index is greater than the environmental assessment warning value, the pest status of the blueberry plant is recorded as the first-level breeding pest impact. Otherwise, proceed to step 3. Step 3: If the soil impact index is greater than the soil assessment warning value, the blueberry plant pest and disease condition is recorded as the first-level breeding pest and disease impact, otherwise, proceed to step 4; Step 4: If the normalized vegetation index is less than the vegetation index warning value, the pest and disease condition of the blueberry plants is recorded as the first-level breeding pest and disease impact; otherwise, the pest and disease condition of the blueberry plants is recorded as healthy.

7. A gridded blueberry planting layout optimization method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The process of obtaining the hierarchical control index is as follows: Numbering the pest grid areas and obtaining assessment weights from a preset database, wherein the assessment weights include environmental assessment weights, soil assessment weights, and vegetation assessment weights; The graded control index is obtained according to the pest infection index corresponding to the pest grid area, and the graded control index is calculated using the following formula: ； In the formula, h represents the number of the pest grid area, , H represents the total number of pest grid areas, represents the environmental impact index of the hth pest grid area, represents the environmental assessment weight, represents the soil impact index of the hth pest grid area, represents the soil assessment weight, represents the normalized vegetation index of the hth pest grid area, represents the vegetation assessment weight, Represents the hierarchical control index of the hth pest grid area.

8. A gridded blueberry planting layout optimization method as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The specific process of the secondary partition is as follows: Acquire a level control interval from a preset database, wherein the level control interval includes a first level control interval and a second level control interval; Comparing the graded control index with the graded control interval to obtain the pest and disease grade, wherein the pest and disease grade includes primary pest and disease and secondary pest and disease; The depth-first search algorithm is used to perform secondary partitioning according to the level of pests and diseases. The partitions for the first-level pests and diseases are recorded as the first-level management areas, and the partitions for the second-level pests and diseases are recorded as the second-level management areas.

9. A gridded blueberry planting layout optimization method as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The corresponding pest and disease management measures are taken for the blueberry plantation to be optimized after the secondary zoning, and then the following are included: Continue to monitor the blueberry plants in the first-level management area within the preset time period. If the pest and disease status of the blueberry plants in the first-level management area is still affected by first-level breeding pests and diseases, the first-level management area will be re-divided into the second-level management area for second-level management. If the pest and disease status of the blueberry plants in the first-level management area is healthy, the first-level management area will be re-marked as healthy, and there is no need to continue to take pest and disease management measures.

10. A gridded blueberry planting layout optimization system, characterized in that: It includes infection grid judgment module, infection grid search module and pest and disease zoning management module: The infection judgment grid module is used to collect pest and disease data of the blueberry plantation to be optimized in real time through the blueberry monitoring equipment within a preset time period, and analyze the environmental compliance of the blueberry plants based on the pest and disease data to obtain a pest and disease infection index, and the pest and disease infection index is judged with the pest and disease warning value obtained from the preset database to obtain the pest and disease status of the blueberry plants. The pest and disease infection index is used to reflect the degree to which the blueberry plants are susceptible to pests and diseases. The pest and disease status of the blueberry plants includes health and primary breeding pests and diseases. The infected grid search module is used to mark the grids corresponding to the blueberry plants affected by the first-level breeding pests and diseases as the pest and disease grid area, and to find out whether the blueberry plant pest and disease conditions in the adjacent areas of the pest and disease grid area are affected by the first-level breeding pests and diseases; The pest zoning management module is used to compare the graded control index obtained based on the pest infection coefficient of the pest grid area with the grade control interval to obtain the pest grade of the pest grid area, perform secondary zoning on the pest grid area according to the pest grade, and take corresponding pest management measures for the blueberry plantation to be optimized after the secondary zoning. The graded control index is used to quantify the degree to which blueberry plants in an area are susceptible to pests and diseases, and the pest management measures include primary management and secondary management.

Images