PICC puncture teaching aid and puncture simulation teaching system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of puncture teaching, in particular to a PICC puncture teaching aid and a puncture simulation teaching system. The PICC puncture teaching aid comprises a simulated human body, simulated blood vessels, a simulated heart, a simulated skin layer and a detection sensor array. The simulated blood vessel and the simulated heart are arranged in the simulated human body; the simulated skin layer covers the surface of the simulated human body; the detection sensor array is arranged in the simulated human body and used for monitoring the position and depth of the puncture needle. The PICC puncture teaching aid is applied to a puncture simulation teaching system, so that an operator can practice a PICC puncture technology under ultrasonic guidance and a catheter positioning technology under electrocardiogram monitoring, namely, an EKG positioning technology, in an environment simulating real operation, the operation experience of the operator can be improved, and the puncture technology of the operator can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of puncture teaching, and in particular to a PICC puncture teaching aid and a puncture simulation teaching system. Background Art

[0002] In medical training, especially the teaching of vascular puncture technology, a teaching aid that can simulate the real human body structure and physiological response is needed. Existing teaching aids cannot meet the needs of comprehensive training. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention includes providing a PICC puncture teaching aid and a puncture simulation teaching system, which enables an operator to practice puncture techniques under ultrasound guidance and catheter positioning techniques under electrocardiogram monitoring in an environment simulating real operations, thereby helping to improve the operator's operating experience and thus helping to improve the operator's puncture techniques.

[0004] The embodiments of the present invention can be implemented as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a PICC puncture teaching aid, which includes a simulated human body, a simulated blood vessel, a simulated heart, a simulated skin layer, and a detection sensor array; The simulated blood vessels and simulated heart are built into the simulated human body; the simulated skin layer covers the surface of the simulated human body; An array of detection sensors is built into the simulated human body and is used to monitor the position and depth of the puncture needle.

[0005] In an optional embodiment, the simulated skin layer includes a skin simulation area, an upper blood vessel wall simulation area, a blood simulation area, a lower blood vessel wall simulation area, and a muscle simulation area, which are arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside.

[0006] In an optional embodiment, the upper blood vessel wall simulation area, the blood simulation area, the lower blood vessel wall simulation area and the muscle simulation area are all made of transparent silicone.

[0007] In an optional embodiment, the skin simulation area is configured with a puncture area, and the puncture area is configured with an erasable skin-colored coating, and the erasable skin-colored coating is used to reveal the remaining transparent portion of the simulated skin layer when it is erased; The skin simulation area except the puncture area is coated with a skin-colored coating.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, the PICC puncture teaching aid has a built-in first light-emitting unit, and the light-emitting unit is located on a side of the simulated blood vessel and the simulated heart away from the puncture area.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, the simulated blood vessels and the periphery of the simulated heart are configured with a second light emitting unit and a third light emitting unit.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the PICC puncture teaching aid has a built-in heartbeat vibration simulation unit and a cardiac electrical activity simulation unit, the heartbeat vibration simulation unit is placed in the simulated heart to simulate the heart beat, and the cardiac electrical activity simulation unit is used to simulate the cardiac electrical activity of the heart; The PICC puncture teaching aid also includes a built-in vibration feedback unit and an electrocardiogram feedback unit; the vibration feedback unit is electrically connected to the heartbeat vibration simulation unit to send out an electrical signal representing the simulated heart vibration activity; the electrocardiogram feedback unit is electrically connected to the electrocardiogram simulation unit to send out an electrical signal representing the simulated heart electrocardiogram activity; The PICC puncture teaching aid also includes a simulated blood bag and a liquid reflux unit; the simulated blood bag is connected to the simulated blood vessel and the liquid reflux unit, and the liquid reflux unit is used to make the simulated blood in the simulated blood bag circulate in the simulated blood vessel.

[0011] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a puncture simulation teaching system, which includes a background controller, a display and the above-mentioned PICC puncture teaching aid; The background controller is electrically connected to the detection sensor array and is used to receive the position signal and depth signal representing the puncture needle output by the detection sensor array, and generate an ultrasonic simulation image signal and an electrocardiogram simulation image signal according to the position of the puncture needle; The display is electrically connected to the background controller and is used to receive ultrasound simulation image signals and electrocardiogram simulation image signals, and display ultrasound simulation images and electrocardiogram simulation images.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the background controller is electrically connected to the first light emitting unit, the second light emitting unit, the third light emitting unit, the heartbeat vibration simulation unit, the vibration feedback unit and the liquid reflux unit; The background controller is also used to control the activation of the heartbeat vibration simulation unit, the vibration feedback unit, the electrocardiogram activity simulation unit, the electrocardiogram activity feedback unit and the liquid reflux unit during the puncture simulation, so that the simulated heart vibrates in a preset manner, emits an electrical signal of the heart vibration activity and emits an electrical signal simulating the electrocardiogram activity of the heart, and the simulated blood circulates in the simulated blood vessel at a preset pressure and flow rate; The background controller is also used to determine the relative position of the puncture needle, the simulated blood vessel and the simulated heart according to the position and depth of the puncture needle; the background controller is also used to control the vibration feedback unit to vibrate at a first preset frequency when the puncture needle punctures the simulated blood vessel; the background controller is also used to control the vibration feedback unit to vibrate at a second preset frequency when the puncture needle contacts the simulated heart; the first preset frequency is less than the second preset frequency; The background controller is also used to control the first light-emitting unit, the second light-emitting unit and the third light-emitting unit to start up under preset conditions.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the preset conditions include when the heartbeat vibration simulation unit operates for a preset period of time, when the puncture needle punctures the simulated blood vessel, or when the puncture needle contacts the simulated heart.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the PICC puncture teaching aid and puncture simulation teaching system provided by the embodiments of the present invention include: The PICC puncture teaching aid includes a simulated human body, simulated blood vessels, simulated heart, simulated skin layer and a detection sensor array; the simulated blood vessels and simulated heart are built into the simulated human body; the simulated skin layer covers the surface of the simulated human body; the detection sensor array is built into the simulated human body and is used to monitor the position and depth of the puncture needle. The PICC puncture teaching aid is applied to the puncture simulation teaching system, which enables the operator to practice the PICC puncture technology under ultrasound guidance and the catheter positioning technology under electrocardiogram monitoring in an environment simulating real operations, thereby helping to improve the operator's operating experience, thereby helping to improve the operator's puncture technology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the puncture simulation teaching system provided in this embodiment; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the PICC puncture teaching aid provided in this embodiment.

[0017] Icons: 200-puncture simulation teaching system; 210-backstage controller; 220-display; 100-PICC puncture teaching aids; 110-simulated human body; 120-simulated blood vessel; 121-simulated blood bag; 122-liquid reflux unit; 130-simulated heart; 140-simulated skin layer; 141-puncture area; 150-detection sensor array; 160-first light-emitting unit; 170-second light-emitting unit; 180-third light-emitting unit; 190-vibration feedback unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0019] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. appear to indicate an orientation or position relationship, they are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientation or position relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when used. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0022] In addition, the terms “first”, “second”, etc., if used, are merely used to distinguish between the descriptions and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0023] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other.

[0024] PICC, or peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC), is a medium- and long-term central venous infusion tool that places the tip of the catheter in the superior vena cava (SVC) in peripheral veins, including the median cubital vein, basilic vein, cephalic vein, and brachial vein. It is usually made of silicone or polyurethane, and is marked with scales that can be visualized under radiation.

[0025] PICC has many advantages: compared with peripheral venous short indwelling needles, PICC can effectively reduce the occurrence of drug extravasation and chemical phlebitis, complete all treatments with one needle, and avoid the pain caused to patients by frequent venous punctures and chemotherapy drug extravasation. For example: when patients with malignant tumors choose intravenous infusion for chemotherapy, they often choose PICC lines. This vascular channel can provide long-term, safe and reliable venous channels for patients who need long-term and repeated intravenous treatment.

[0026] Compared with other central venous catheters (CVC), PICC has the advantages of short operation time, high puncture success rate, and low incidence of related complications. In addition, the innovation of operation technology in recent years has made its advantages in operation, patient comfort, and related complications more significant, and it has been used more and more widely. While PICC has many advantages in clinical application, it also has certain shortcomings. Among them, how to place the catheter tip and keep it in the correct position during the process of catheterization has always been a clinical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Whether the catheter tip is correctly positioned is of great significance to maintaining the normal function of the catheter and reducing the occurrence of related complications. EKG is the abbreviation of electrocardiogram in German. Like ECG (abbreviation of electrocardiogram in English), it refers to conventional electrocardiogram or surface electrocardiogram. ECG positioning technology is a technology that uses an electrocardiogram monitor or electrocardiograph during PICC catheterization to help deliver the tube and locate the end through specific changes in the P wave. Intracavitary electrocardiogram positioning can help PICC locate the optimal tip position (CAJ) during catheterization and reduce the adverse effects of tip ectopicity on patients. Selecting visualization-related auxiliary technologies can effectively improve the catheter tip placement rate, reduce the occurrence of complications such as ectopic placement, tube blockage, and PICC-related thrombosis, thereby reducing the rate of unplanned extubation, saving medical resources, and improving patient satisfaction. For the above reasons, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment provides a PICC puncture teaching aid 100 and a puncture simulation teaching system 200, which can be used for teaching PICC blood vessel puncture technology and improving the puncture technology of operators. Specifically, the puncture simulation teaching system 200 includes a background controller 210, a display 220 and a PICC puncture teaching aid 100;

[0027] The PICC puncture teaching aid 100 includes a simulated human body 110, a simulated blood vessel 120, a simulated heart 130, a simulated skin layer 140, and a detection sensor array 150; the simulated blood vessel 120 and the simulated heart 130 are built in the simulated human body 110; the simulated skin layer 140 covers the surface of the simulated human body 110; the detection sensor array 150 is built in the simulated human body 110 and is used to monitor the position and depth of the puncture needle; The background controller 210 is electrically connected to the detection sensor array 150 and is used to receive the position signal and depth signal representing the puncture needle output by the detection sensor array 150, and generate an ultrasound simulation image signal and an electrocardiogram simulation image signal according to the position of the puncture needle; The display 220 is electrically connected to the background controller 210 and is used to receive ultrasound simulation image signals and electrocardiogram simulation image signals, and display ultrasound simulation images and electrocardiogram simulation images.

[0028] Therefore, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The working principle of the puncture simulation teaching system 200 is: The puncture simulation teaching system 200 is configured with a simulated human body 110, and a simulated blood vessel 120 and a simulated heart 130 are configured therein to simulate real blood vessels and heart, and a simulated skin layer 140 is configured on its surface to simulate real puncture operation during the puncture process, thereby simulating a real puncture experience, so as to facilitate puncture teaching and improve the skill level of the operator; Moreover, during the puncture process, since the simulated human body 110 is also provided with a detection sensor array 150 for monitoring the position and depth of the puncture needle, the position and puncture depth of the puncture needle are detected in this way, and based on the detected position and depth data, they are substituted into the ultrasound image model and the electrocardiogram simulation graph, and then based on the real-time detected puncture position, ultrasound simulation image signals and electrocardiogram simulation image signals are generated, and the ultrasound simulation image and the electrocardiogram simulation image are displayed through the display 220, so as to assist in the operation practice of puncture with the assistance of ultrasound images and electrocardiogram images, or to carry out related teaching work; In summary, the PICC puncture teaching aid 100 is applied to the puncture simulation teaching system 200, which enables the operator to practice the puncture technique under ultrasound guidance and the catheter positioning technique under ECG monitoring in an environment simulating real operation, thereby helping to improve the operator's operating experience and thus helping to improve the operator's puncture technique.

[0029] It should be noted that the function of the puncture simulation teaching system 200 is to simulate PICC, that is, peripherally inserted central vein puncture, and in the present embodiment, the simulated puncture to the CAJ position is used as an example for explanation, therefore, an ECG monitoring image model and an ultrasound image model are pre-made in the background controller 210, and relevant data such as the position of the simulated blood vessel 120 and the simulated heart 130 have been preset in the background controller 210, so that the background controller 210 can generate ultrasound simulation image signals and electrocardiogram simulation image signals based on the real-time position and puncture depth of the puncture needle.

[0030] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In this embodiment, the detection sensor array 150 can adopt the existing technology, and its function is to detect the position of the puncture needle so as to be combined with the ultrasound model and the electrocardiogram model based on its real-time position. Based on this, in order to sense the position of the puncture needle in the phantom and the position of the blood vessel and the heart during the puncture process, the following structure can be adopted: Six-dimensional force sensing flexible structure, which can capture axial force, radial force and torque information. This structure embeds fiber optic sensors into spiral grooves, which can capture force and torque information with high sensitivity while maintaining the flexibility of the structure; the FBG (fiber Bragg grating) sensors set on three optical fibers can accurately measure strain changes in different directions, and then decouple the force and torque in six-dimensional space; this sensor is conducive to improving the accuracy and safety of puncture operations, which can improve the success rate of surgery and reduce patient pain and recovery time.

[0031] Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors, shape sensing technology using FBG sensors, can be combined with an inextensible elastic rod structure to determine and predict the 3D shape of the probe during insertion. This method combines the curvature measurement of the FBG sensor to provide the true shape of the probe in 3D perspective under different tissue hardness and penetration conditions.

[0032] Electromagnetic induction transparency technology, although this technology is mainly used in comb line structures and open resonant rings in metamaterials, its principle can be used to design filters and slow-wave devices, and in theory can also be used to sense the position of puncture needles. By adjusting the resonant frequency of the structure, a transparent window can be achieved at a specific frequency, thereby sensing the position of the puncture needle.

[0033] In addition, in other embodiments of the present invention, sensors such as force sensors and position sensors can be integrated on the puncture needle to monitor the position and depth of the puncture needle in real time, and the data collected by the sensor can be sent to the processing center through a wireless transmission module. The above-mentioned background controller 210 can be made of existing structures, and the relevant data and models therein can be preset in the background controller 210 based on the actual situation and existing technology, so it will not be repeated here; In the case where a sensor is integrated on the puncture needle or a detection sensor built into the simulated human body 110, such as a force sensor and a position sensor, to monitor the position and depth of the puncture needle in real time, and the data collected by the sensor is sent to the background controller 210 through a wireless transmission module, an algorithm can be developed, such as "puncture needle positioning and enhancement algorithm based on deep learning and beam deflection", which can generate ultrasound simulation image signals and electrocardiogram simulation image signals based on the position and depth data of the puncture needle; Specifically, deep learning technology, especially U-Net network, is used to segment and locate the puncture needle in real time; beam deflection technology is used to enhance the visibility of the puncture needle in the ultrasound image and improve the positioning accuracy; based on the concept of "real-time data integration", a real-time data integration system can be established to integrate the position and depth data of the puncture needle with the ultrasound image model and the electrocardiogram simulation graph; Then, the sensor data is synchronized with the ultrasound image model and the electrocardiogram simulation graph, and the processing result is fed back to the ultrasound image model and the electrocardiogram simulation graph in real time; finally, the ultrasound simulation image signal and the electrocardiogram simulation image signal are integrated into a display 220 for easy observation by the operator; In addition, on this basis, the operator's operation data can also be collected; thus, through the above scheme, a complete system can be realized, which can detect the position and depth of the puncture needle during the puncture process, and integrate these data into the ultrasound image model and electrocardiogram simulation graphics, and finally display them through the display 220 to assist operation practice and teaching work.

[0034] For further information, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In this embodiment, the simulated skin layer 140 includes a skin simulation area, an upper blood vessel wall simulation area, a blood simulation area, a lower blood vessel wall simulation area, and a muscle simulation area, which are arranged from the outside to the inside. The upper blood vessel wall simulation area, the blood simulation area, the lower blood vessel wall simulation area, and the muscle simulation area are all made of transparent silicone.

[0035] Based on the above structure, a multi-layered silicone structure can be formed to simulate the resistance and elasticity of subcutaneous fat, muscle and other tissues, thereby simulating the real puncture experience.

[0036] Furthermore, the skin simulation area is provided with a puncture area 141, and the puncture area 141 is provided with a wipeable skin color coating, which is used to expose the remaining transparent part of the simulated skin layer 140 when it is wiped off; wherein, the skin simulation area is coated with the skin color coating except the puncture area 141. It should be noted that after being wiped off, the wipeable skin color coating can be re-applied when it is used next time, and the wipeable skin color coating is a coating close to the skin color.

[0037] Therefore, in this way, the erasable skin-colored coating can be wiped off to expose the upper blood vessel wall simulation area, the blood simulation area, the lower blood vessel wall simulation area and the muscle simulation area, and this part of the area is located in the puncture operation area, so that the operator can observe the actual position of the puncture needle, which can be combined with the above-mentioned ultrasound image and electrocardiogram image to improve the operator's operational technical ability, and at the same time, it is also convenient for related puncture teaching.

[0038] Based on the above structure, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2In order to facilitate the display of the simulated blood vessel 120 and the simulated heart 130 in the simulated human body 110, as well as the puncture position of the puncture needle, the PICC puncture teaching aid 100 is built with a first light-emitting unit 160, which is located on the side of the simulated blood vessel 120 and the simulated heart 130 away from the puncture area 141; the second light-emitting unit 170 and the third light-emitting unit 180 are arranged on the periphery of the simulated blood vessel 120 and the simulated heart 130. Therefore, the positions of the puncture needle, the simulated blood vessel 120 and the simulated heart 130 can be highlighted by the first light-emitting unit 160, the second light-emitting unit 170 and the third light-emitting unit 180, so that the operator can combine with the above-mentioned ultrasound image and electrocardiogram image to improve the operation technical ability of the operator, and at the same time, it is also convenient for related puncture teaching.

[0039] It should be noted that in order to facilitate relevant display and highlight the positions of the puncture needle, the simulated blood vessel 120 and the simulated heart 130, the light colors of the first light-emitting unit 160, the second light-emitting unit 170 and the third light-emitting unit 180 can be adjusted based on actual needs.

[0040] For further information, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In this embodiment, in order to improve the operation experience, the PICC puncture teaching aid 100 is equipped with a heartbeat vibration simulation unit and an electrocardiogram activity simulation unit. The heartbeat vibration simulation unit is placed in the simulated heart 130 to simulate the real heart beat, and the electrocardiogram activity simulation unit is used to simulate the real heart electrocardiogram activity, thereby simulating the real puncture experience. In addition, the PICC puncture teaching aid 100 also includes a built-in vibration feedback unit and an electrocardiogram feedback unit; the vibration feedback unit is electrically connected to the heartbeat vibration simulation unit to send out an electrical signal representing the simulated heart vibration activity; the electrocardiogram feedback unit is electrically connected to the electrocardiogram simulation unit to send out an electrical signal representing the simulated heart electrocardiogram activity; the aforementioned electrical signals are used for receiving and processing by the background controller 210; The ECG activity simulation unit is used to simulate the ECG activity of the heart to simulate the real puncture experience; Moreover, the PICC puncture teaching aid 100 further includes a simulated blood bag 121 and a liquid reflux unit 122; the simulated blood bag 121 is connected to the simulated blood vessel 120 and the liquid reflux unit 122, and the liquid reflux unit 122 is used to make the simulated blood in the simulated blood bag 121 circulate in the simulated blood vessel 120. In this way, the flow and pressure of real blood are simulated, and the reflux of liquid after puncture can be simulated, providing a real suction feeling.

[0041] By setting the vibration feedback unit 190, the simulated human body 110 can generate vibrations that can be clearly felt by the operator, and simulate real cardiac electrocardiographic activity, so as to provide prompts to the operator in the event of incorrect puncture position during the puncture operation.

[0042] For further information, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 Based on the above structural setting, in this embodiment, when the background controller 210 is configured, the background controller 210 is electrically connected to the first light-emitting unit 160, the second light-emitting unit 170, the third light-emitting unit 180, the heartbeat vibration simulation unit, the vibration feedback unit 190 and the liquid reflux unit 122, and it also has the following functions: The background controller 210 is also used to control the heartbeat vibration simulation unit, the vibration feedback unit, the cardiac electrical activity simulation unit, the cardiac electrical activity feedback unit and the liquid reflux unit 122 to start up when performing puncture simulation, so that the simulated heart 130 vibrates in a preset manner, emits an electrical signal of cardiac vibration activity and emits an electrical signal simulating the cardiac electrical activity, and the simulated blood circulates in the simulated blood vessel 120 at a preset pressure and flow rate; The background controller 210 is also used to determine the relative position of the puncture needle, the simulated blood vessel 120 and the simulated heart 130 according to the position and depth of the puncture needle; the background controller 210 is also used to control the vibration feedback unit 190 to vibrate at a first preset frequency when the puncture needle punctures the simulated blood vessel 120; the background controller 210 is also used to control the vibration feedback unit 190 to vibrate at a second preset frequency when the puncture needle contacts the simulated heart 130; the first preset frequency is less than the second preset frequency; The background controller 210 is further used to control the first light emitting unit 160 , the second light emitting unit 170 and the third light emitting unit 180 to start up under a preset condition.

[0043] It should be noted that the above-mentioned preset conditions include when the heartbeat vibration simulation unit works for a preset period of time, when the puncture needle punctures the simulated blood vessel 120 , or when the puncture needle contacts the simulated heart 130 .

[0044] In summary, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The workflow of the puncture simulation teaching system 200 is as follows: First, after the simulated human body 110 of the puncture simulation teaching system 200 is placed in a suitable position and the operator completes the preparation work, the puncture work begins; After receiving the start instruction, the background controller 210 controls the heartbeat vibration simulation unit and the liquid reflux unit 122 to start, so that the simulated heart 130 vibrates in a preset manner, and the simulated blood circulates in the simulated blood vessel 120 at a preset pressure and flow rate; At this time, it is necessary to confirm and detect whether the display 220 is working properly, whether the ultrasound image and the electrocardiogram image on the display 220 are displayed normally, and whether there are any abnormalities in the relevant data records; Thus, when the above steps confirm that the simulated human body 110, the background controller 210 and the display 220 are working normally, the normal puncture simulation can be started; Then the operator punctures the puncture needle to a preset position. This embodiment takes puncturing the puncture area 141 as an example; As the puncture needle is inserted, the detection sensor array 150 detects the position and puncture depth of the puncture needle, and the background controller 210 receives the position signal and depth signal representing the puncture needle output by the detection sensor array 150, and updates the ultrasound simulation image signal and the electrocardiogram simulation image signal in real time; The display 220 displays real-time ultrasound simulation images and electrocardiogram simulation images, so as to assist in the operation practice of puncture with the assistance of ultrasound images and electrocardiogram images, or to carry out related teaching work; When the puncture needle is normal, for example, when the puncture needle punctures the simulated blood vessel 120, the background controller 210 controls the vibration feedback unit 190 to vibrate at a first preset frequency to prompt the operator that the puncture work is normal; and when the puncture needle is abnormal, for example, when the puncture needle contacts the simulated heart 130, the background controller 210 controls the vibration feedback unit 190 to vibrate at a second preset frequency; at the same time, the operator can observe according to the vibration prompt and in combination with the ultrasound image and the electrocardiogram image, so as to achieve the purpose of simulation, practice and teaching.

[0045] In addition, when it is necessary to display or observe the actual position of the puncture needle, the remaining transparent part of the simulated skin layer 140 can be exposed when the erasable skin-colored coating is erased; the upper blood vessel wall simulation area, the blood simulation area, the lower blood vessel wall simulation area and the muscle simulation area can be exposed by erasing the erasable skin-colored coating, and this part of the area is located in the puncture operation area, so that the operator can observe the actual position of the puncture needle, thereby combining it with the above-mentioned ultrasound image and electrocardiogram image to improve the operation technical ability of the operator, and at the same time, it is also convenient to carry out related puncture teaching; at the same time, in order to facilitate the display of the simulated blood vessel 120 and the simulated heart 130 in the simulated human body 110, as well as the puncture position of the puncture needle, the first light-emitting unit 160, the second light-emitting unit 170 and the third light-emitting unit 180 can be controlled to work, thereby highlighting the position of the puncture needle, the simulated blood vessel 120 and the simulated heart 130, so that the operator can combine it with the above-mentioned ultrasound image and electrocardiogram image to improve the operation technical ability of the operator, and at the same time, it is also convenient to carry out related puncture teaching.

[0046] It should be noted that the simulated human body 110 in the puncture simulation teaching system 200 can perform multiple simulated operations, and after the puncture simulation operation, its internal structure and its pipelines can be cleaned or replaced; the simulated blood bag 121 needs to be replaced after use to ensure the freshness and cleanliness of the simulated blood; and the parts that are often used for puncture are replaceable structures, and the users can replace new parts independently after multiple punctures, that is, the simulated skin layer 140 adopts a quick-detachable design, which is replaceable and highly economical; thereby, the hygiene and functionality of the teaching aids are maintained, and the effectiveness and safety of the simulation training are ensured.

[0047] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A PICC puncture teaching aid, characterized in that: The PICC puncture teaching aid comprises a simulated human body, a simulated blood vessel, a simulated heart, a simulated skin layer and a detection sensor array; The simulated blood vessels and the simulated heart are built into the simulated human body; the simulated skin layer covers the surface of the simulated human body; The detection sensor array is built into the simulated human body and is used to monitor the position and depth of the puncture needle.

2. The PICC puncture teaching aid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The simulated skin layer includes a skin simulation area, an upper blood vessel wall simulation area, a blood simulation area, a lower blood vessel wall simulation area and a muscle simulation area which are arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside.

3. The PICC puncture teaching aid according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper blood vessel wall simulation area, the blood simulation area, the lower blood vessel wall simulation area and the muscle simulation area are all made of transparent silicone.

4. The PICC puncture teaching aid according to claim 3, characterized in that: The skin simulation area is provided with a puncture area, and the puncture area is provided with an erasable skin-colored coating, and the erasable skin-colored coating is used to reveal the remaining transparent part of the simulated skin layer when it is erased; Wherein, the skin simulation area except the puncture area is coated with a skin-colored coating.

5. The PICC puncture teaching aid according to claim 4, characterized in that: The PICC puncture teaching aid has a built-in first light-emitting unit, and the light-emitting unit is located on a side of the simulated blood vessel and the simulated heart away from the puncture area.

6. The PICC puncture teaching aid according to claim 5, characterized in that: A second light emitting unit and a third light emitting unit are disposed on the periphery of the simulated blood vessel and the simulated heart.

7. The PICC puncture teaching aid according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The PICC puncture teaching aid has a built-in heartbeat vibration simulation unit and a cardiac electrical activity simulation unit. The heartbeat vibration simulation unit is placed in the simulated heart to simulate heart beating, and the cardiac electrical activity simulation unit is used to simulate the cardiac electrical activity of the heart. The PICC puncture teaching aid also includes a built-in vibration feedback unit and an electrocardiogram feedback unit; the vibration feedback unit is electrically connected to the heartbeat vibration simulation unit to send out an electrical signal representing the simulated heart vibration activity; the electrocardiogram feedback unit is electrically connected to the electrocardiogram simulation unit to send out an electrical signal representing the simulated heart electrocardiogram activity; The PICC puncture teaching aid also includes a simulated blood bag and a liquid reflux unit; the simulated blood bag is connected to the simulated blood vessel and the liquid reflux unit, and the liquid reflux unit is used to allow the simulated blood in the simulated blood bag to circulate in the simulated blood vessel.

8. A puncture simulation teaching system, characterized by: The puncture simulation teaching system comprises a background controller, a display and a PICC puncture teaching aid as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7; The background controller is electrically connected to the detection sensor array and is used to receive the position signal and depth signal representing the puncture needle output by the detection sensor array, and generate an ultrasound simulation image signal and an electrocardiogram simulation image signal according to the position of the puncture needle; The display is electrically connected to the background controller and is used to receive the ultrasound simulation image signal and the electrocardiogram simulation image signal, and display the ultrasound simulation image and the electrocardiogram simulation image.

9. The puncture simulation teaching system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The background controller is electrically connected to the first light emitting unit, the second light emitting unit, the third light emitting unit, the heartbeat vibration simulation unit, the vibration feedback unit and the liquid reflux unit; The background controller is also used to control the heartbeat vibration simulation unit, the vibration feedback unit, the electrocardiogram activity simulation unit, the electrocardiogram activity feedback unit and the liquid reflux unit to start up when performing puncture simulation, so that the simulated heart vibrates in a preset manner, emits an electrical signal of heart vibration activity and emits an electrical signal simulating the electrocardiogram activity of the heart, and the simulated blood circulates in the simulated blood vessel at a preset pressure and flow rate; The background controller is also used to determine the relative position of the puncture needle, the simulated blood vessel and the simulated heart according to the position and depth of the puncture needle; the background controller is also used to control the vibration feedback unit to vibrate at a first preset frequency when the puncture needle punctures the simulated blood vessel; the background controller is also used to control the vibration feedback unit to vibrate at a second preset frequency when the puncture needle contacts the simulated heart; the first preset frequency is less than the second preset frequency; The background controller is also used to control the first light-emitting unit, the second light-emitting unit and the third light-emitting unit to start up under preset conditions.

10. The puncture simulation teaching system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The preset conditions include a case where the puncture needle punctures the simulated blood vessel under ultrasound guidance or a case where the puncture needle contacts the simulated heart.

Images