Metal water reaction hydrogen production fuel cell power generation system

Abstract

The invention relates to a metal water reaction hydrogen production fuel cell power generation system, and belongs to the technical field of hydrogen production. The system comprises a front shell, a rear shell, a cavity, a cavity cover, a fuel tank and a water tank which are connected through screws and buckles. A hydrogen fuel cell, a water pump, a pressure reducing valve, a one-way valve, filter cotton, an electromagnetic valve and a storage battery are arranged in the cavity. During use, water in the water tank is pumped into the fuel tank by the water pump, fuel in the fuel tank and the water start to react to generate hydrogen, and the generated hydrogen firstly flows into the water tank through the one-way valve, so that the hydrogen is cooled and dried. And the dried and cooled hydrogen sequentially passes through the filter cotton and the pressure reducing valve and finally flows into the hydrogen fuel cell for power generation. Unused hydrogen and reaction products are discharged from the electromagnetic valve. The system can stably output electric quantity, is small in size and mass, and is suitable for field work.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a metal-water reaction hydrogen production fuel cell power generation system, belonging to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cell power generation systems. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen fuel cells are a technology that uses the chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen to generate electricity. Compared with traditional energy storage devices such as lithium batteries, hydrogen fuel cells have longer driving range, faster filling speed and are more environmentally friendly. In field working environments, portable hydrogen fuel cells can provide users with reliable and continuous energy support without the need for frequent charging or battery replacement, greatly improving work efficiency and convenience.

[0003] The hydrogen supply end of hydrogen fuel cells currently faces problems with unstable hydrogen supply and hydrogen storage. The hydrogen supply end equipment faces the challenge of insufficient stability, which leads to fluctuations in hydrogen supply and affects system performance. At the same time, traditional hydrogen storage technology has low efficiency or high cost, which limits the energy efficiency and economy of the overall system. In a field working environment, in addition to solving the problems existing at the hydrogen supply end, the size and mass of the hydrogen fuel cell system should be as small as possible and portable.

[0004] Chinese patent application CN112897461A discloses a metal hydrogen production circulation system, including a refilling tank, a circulation tank, a reactor, a water-gas separator and a filter connected in sequence. By carrying enough hydrogen production raw materials, temporary large-scale hydrogen can be used in the field. Chinese patent authorization CN115101778B discloses a machine-use hydrogen fuel cell power generation system, which takes the stack as the core, transports air and hydrogen as power generation materials, and is provided with a catalyst in the stack, which can convert the chemical energy of hydrogen into electrical energy, thereby completing the power generation work.

[0005] In the prior art, the hydrogen supply system has complicated procedures and a long system startup time. Once the hydrogen supply system is started, it cannot be paused midway, and instantaneous repeated start and stop cannot be achieved. In addition, in the prior art, the produced hydrogen is pre-treated by equipment such as water-gas separators, filters, and drying tubes. The pre-treatment procedures are complicated, the equipment size and weight are large, and it cannot meet the needs of field work. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a metal-water reaction hydrogen production fuel cell power generation system.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0008] A metal-water reaction hydrogen production fuel cell power generation system, the power generation system comprising a front shell, a rear shell, a cavity, a cavity cover, a fuel tank and a water tank;

[0009] The cavity is provided with a middle partition, which divides the cavity into two parts, the upper part and the lower part. The upper part of the middle partition is named as the device compartment, in which the hydrogen fuel cell, water pump, pressure reducing valve, one-way valve, filter cotton, solenoid valve and battery are installed; the lower part of the middle partition is fixedly installed with a fuel tank and a water tank in parallel by threads, and the fuel tank and the water tank are locked by buttons or buckles;

[0010] The front shell is connected to the front end of the cavity by a buckle, and the rear shell is connected to the rear end of the cavity by a buckle; the cavity cover is connected to the top of the cavity by a buckle;

[0011] The water pump is connected to the fuel tank and the water tank through a pipeline silicone pipe;

[0012] The fuel tank and the water tank are connected through a silicone pipe, and a one-way valve is installed on the silicone pipe;

[0013] The water tank and filter cotton are connected through a silicone pipe;

[0014] The filter cotton is connected to the pressure reducing valve through a silicone pipe;

[0015] The pressure reducing valve is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell through a silicone pipe;

[0016] The hydrogen fuel cell is connected to the solenoid valve through a silicone pipe;

[0017] The hydrogen fuel cell is connected to the battery and the USB interface through a circuit;

[0018] A light guide column is installed on the front shell;

[0019] A pressure detector is installed inside the cavity cover to detect the pressure in the fuel tank. When the pressure in the fuel tank is detected to be less than 75kPa, the water pump starts working and the light guide column displays green. When the pressure in the fuel tank is detected to be greater than 90kPa, the water pump stops working and the light guide column still displays green. When the water pump has worked for 15 consecutive cycles and the pressure in the fuel tank is still not greater than 90kPa, it means that the fuel has been completely consumed and the light guide column displays red.

[0020] A method for generating electricity by using a metal-water reaction hydrogen fuel cell, the method comprising the following steps:

[0021] The first step is to add water to the water tank, add fuel to the fuel tank, and then screw the fuel tank and water tank into the cavity;

[0022] The second step is to start the water pump, which pumps the water in the water tank into the fuel tank. The fuel in the fuel tank reacts with the water to produce hydrogen. The produced hydrogen enters the water tank through a one-way valve. The hydrogen is dried and cooled in the water tank, then filtered through filter cotton and decompressed by a pressure reducing valve before being output to the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0023] In the third step, the hydrogen fuel cell starts to generate electricity. The generated electricity is stored in the battery or directly supplied to electrical appliances. The unreacted hydrogen and the reaction product water are discharged through the solenoid valve, and the electricity stored in the battery can be used by electrical appliances.

[0024] In the second step, the pressure in the fuel tank is detected by a pressure detector. When the water pump is started, the pressure in the fuel tank gradually rises from 0, and the light guide column displays green. When the pressure in the fuel tank detected is greater than 90 kPa, the water pump stops working, and the light guide column still displays green.

[0025] After the water pump stops working, the pressure in the fuel tank gradually decreases. When the pressure in the fuel tank is less than 75kPa, the water pump is restarted, and the cycle continues.

[0026] When the water pump works continuously for 15 cycles and the fuel tank pressure is still not greater than 90kPa, it means that the fuel has been completely consumed and the light guide column displays red.

[0027] The working cycle of the water pump is 10s, working for 2s and stopping for 8s;

[0028] The cavity has external threads;

[0029] A button or buckle is provided at the bottom of the cavity for fixing the fuel tank and the water tank;

[0030] The water tank is made of non-metallic materials, and a sealing ring is installed at the opening for liquid sealing; an internal thread is arranged around the tank body of the water tank, which cooperates with the external thread of the cavity; a groove is arranged at the bottom of the tank body of the water tank, which is used to cooperate with a button or a buckle;

[0031] The fuel tank is composed of a metal liner and a non-metallic outer shell. The metal liner is made of metal material to ensure the strength of the fuel tank under high pressure. The metal liner is wrapped with a non-metallic outer shell to play a role of heat insulation. A sealing ring is installed at the opening of the fuel tank for gas sealing. An internal thread is arranged around the fuel tank body to cooperate with the external thread of the cavity. A groove is provided at the bottom of the fuel tank for cooperating with a button or buckle.

[0032] The fuel is an aluminum alloy, which includes aluminum and a low-melting-point metal, and the low-melting-point metal is gallium, indium, tin or bismuth;

[0033] The ratio of fuel to water added is 1g: 10-100ml;

[0034] To make the power generation system safer, the power generation system is equipped with automatic and manual pressure relief functions. When the pressure in the fuel tank is greater than 150kPa, the solenoid valve is in an open circuit state, allowing hydrogen to be discharged quickly and reducing the pressure in the fuel tank until the pressure is less than 150kPa. In addition, when the power generation system is turned off, the solenoid valve is in an open circuit state, allowing the unused hydrogen in the fuel tank to be discharged quickly. When the pressure in the fuel tank is less than 30kPa, the pressure relief is completed. During the pressure relief, the light guide column displays blue.

[0035] Beneficial Effects

[0036] The power generation system of the present invention has a short startup time and can be started and stopped at any time. The operation of the water pump is controlled by detecting the pressure of the fuel tank, thereby realizing controllable and suspendable on-site hydrogen production.

[0037] The power generation system of the present invention does not need to carry a hydrogen storage tank, and produces hydrogen gas by on-site hydrolysis. The hydrogen gas can be stably output through the control of a pressure reducing valve.

[0038] The power generation system of the present invention utilizes a water tank to cool and dry the produced hydrogen, and does not require a gas-liquid separator, a dryer, and a cooling system, thereby reducing the volume and mass of the system.

[0039] When the power output of the power generation system of the present invention is greater than the power of the electrical appliances, the excess power will be distributed to the battery to charge the battery, thereby extending the working time of the battery in the power generation system.

[0040] When the system of the present invention starts working, the water in the water tank is directly fed into the reaction tank by a water pump, which is responsive and has a short system startup time. Moreover, by shutting down the water pump, the system can be paused midway, and instantaneous repeated start and stop can be achieved. In addition, the present invention uses a water tank to cool and dry the produced hydrogen, and does not require equipment such as a gas-liquid separator, a filter and a drying tube. The system has a small volume and mass and is suitable for field work.

[0041] The present invention relates to a metal-water reaction hydrogen production fuel cell power generation system, which belongs to the field of hydrogen production technology. The system includes a front shell, a rear shell, a cavity, a cavity cover, a fuel tank and a water tank, and the various components are connected by screws and buckles. The cavity contains a hydrogen fuel cell, a water pump, a pressure reducing valve, a one-way valve, a filter cotton, a solenoid valve and a battery. When in use, the water pump pumps water from the water tank into the fuel tank, and the fuel and water in the fuel tank begin to react to produce hydrogen. The produced hydrogen first passes through the one-way valve to the water tank, so that the hydrogen is cooled and dried. The dried and cooled hydrogen passes through the filter cotton and the pressure reducing valve in turn, and finally flows into the hydrogen fuel cell to generate electricity. Unused hydrogen and reaction products are discharged by the solenoid valve. The system can output electricity stably and has a small volume and mass, and is suitable for field work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the power generation system of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the power generation system of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the components in the device bin of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0046] Example

[0047] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, a metal-water reaction hydrogen production fuel cell power generation system includes a front shell 22, a rear shell 23, a cavity 21, a cavity cover 20, a fuel tank 9 and a water tank 10;

[0048] The cavity 21 is provided with a middle partition, which divides the cavity 21 into two parts, the upper part and the lower part. The upper part of the middle partition is named as the device compartment, in which the hydrogen fuel cell, water pump, pressure reducing valve, one-way valve, filter cotton, solenoid valve and battery are installed; the lower part of the middle partition is fixedly installed with a fuel tank 9 and a water tank 10 in parallel by screw threads, and the fuel tank 9 and the water tank 10 are locked by buttons or buckles;

[0049] The front shell 22 is connected to the front end of the cavity 21 by buckles, and the rear shell 23 is connected to the rear end of the cavity 21 by buckles; the cavity cover 20 is connected to the top of the cavity 21 by buckles;

[0050] The water pump 2 is connected to the fuel tank 9 and the water tank 10 through a pipeline silicone pipe;

[0051] The fuel tank 9 is connected to the water tank 10 through a silicone pipe, and a one-way valve is installed on the silicone pipe;

[0052] The water tank 10 is connected to the filter cotton through a silicone pipe;

[0053] The filter cotton is connected to the pressure reducing valve through a silicone pipe;

[0054] The pressure reducing valve is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell through a silicone pipe;

[0055] The hydrogen fuel cell is connected to the solenoid valve through a silicone pipe;

[0056] The hydrogen fuel cell is connected to the battery and the USB interface through a circuit;

[0057] The front housing 22 is provided with a light guide column 11;

[0058] A pressure detector is installed inside the cavity cover 20 to detect the pressure in the fuel tank 9. When the pressure in the fuel tank 9 is detected to be less than 75 kPa, the water pump starts working and the light guide column 11 displays green. When the pressure in the fuel tank 9 is detected to be greater than 90 kPa, the water pump stops working and the light guide column 11 still displays green. When the water pump has worked for 15 consecutive cycles and the pressure in the fuel tank 9 is still not greater than 90 kPa, it means that the fuel has been completely consumed and the light guide column 11 displays red.

[0059] A method for generating electricity by using a metal-water reaction hydrogen fuel cell, the method comprising the following steps:

[0060] The first step is to add 100 ml of water into the water tank 10, add 10 g of fuel into the fuel tank 9, and then screw the fuel tank 9 and the water tank 10 into the cavity 21;

[0061] The second step is to start the water pump, which pumps the water in the water tank 10 into the fuel tank 9. The fuel in the fuel tank 9 reacts with the water to generate hydrogen. The generated hydrogen enters the water tank 10 through the one-way valve. The hydrogen is dried and cooled in the water tank 10, then filtered through the filter cotton and decompressed by the pressure reducing valve before being output to the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0062] In the third step, the hydrogen fuel cell starts to generate electricity. The generated electricity is stored in the battery or directly supplied to electrical appliances. The unreacted hydrogen and the reaction product water are discharged through the solenoid valve, and the electricity stored in the battery can be used by electrical appliances.

[0063] In the second step, the pressure in the fuel tank 9 is detected by a pressure detector. When the water pump is started, the pressure in the fuel tank 9 gradually rises from 0, and the light guide column 11 displays green. When the pressure in the fuel tank 9 detected is greater than 90 kPa, the water pump stops working, and the light guide column 11 still displays green.

[0064] After the water pump stops working, the pressure in the fuel tank 9 gradually decreases. When the pressure in the fuel tank 9 is less than 75 kPa, the water pump is restarted, and the cycle continues.

[0065] When the water pump works continuously for 15 cycles and the pressure in the fuel tank 9 is still not greater than 90 kPa, it means that the fuel has been completely consumed and the light guide column 11 displays red.

[0066] The working cycle of the water pump is 10s, working for 2s and stopping for 8s;

[0067] The cavity 21 has an external thread; a button or buckle is provided at the bottom of the cavity 21 for fixing the fuel tank 9 and the water tank 10;

[0068] The water tank 10 is made of non-metallic material, and a sealing ring is installed at the opening for liquid sealing; an internal thread is arranged around the tank body of the water tank 10, which cooperates with the external thread of the cavity 21; a groove is arranged at the bottom of the tank body of the water tank 10, which is used to cooperate with a button or a buckle;

[0069] The fuel tank 9 is composed of a metal inner liner and a non-metallic outer shell. The metal inner liner is made of metal material to ensure the strength of the fuel tank 9 under high pressure. The metal inner liner is wrapped with a non-metallic outer shell to play a role of heat insulation. A sealing ring is installed at the opening of the fuel tank 9 for gas sealing. The fuel tank 9 is provided with an internal thread around the tank body to cooperate with the external thread of the cavity 21. A groove is provided at the bottom of the fuel tank 9 for cooperating with a button or a buckle.

[0070] The fuel is an aluminum alloy, which includes aluminum and a low-melting-point metal, and the low-melting-point metal is bismuth;

[0071] In order to make the power generation system safer, the power generation system is equipped with automatic pressure relief and manual pressure relief functions. When the pressure in the fuel tank 9 is detected to be greater than 150kPa, the solenoid valve is in an open circuit state, allowing the hydrogen to be discharged quickly, reducing the pressure in the fuel tank 9 until the pressure is less than 150kPa. In addition, when the power generation system is turned off, the solenoid valve is in an open circuit state, allowing the unused hydrogen in the fuel tank 9 to be discharged quickly. When the pressure in the fuel tank 9 is detected to be less than 30kPa, the pressure relief is completed. During the pressure relief, the light guide column 11 displays blue.

[0072] The power generation system outputs electricity through the USB interface. Before the hydrogen fuel cell generates electricity, the required electricity is provided by the battery. When the power generation of the hydrogen fuel cell is greater than the power consumption of the electrical appliance, the excess power will flow to the battery to charge the battery and increase the battery working time. When the battery power is less than 20%, the light guide column 11 is in a green flashing state. At this time, the battery should be charged through the Type-C interface.

[0073] The water pump has a working cycle of 10s, working for 2s and stopping for 8s. When the pressure in the fuel tank 9 is less than 75kPa, the water pump starts working; when the pressure in the fuel tank 9 is greater than 90kPa, the water pump stops working; when the water pump works for 15 consecutive cycles and the pressure in the fuel tank 9 is still not greater than 90kPa, it means that the fuel has been completely consumed, and the light guide 11 displays red. At this time, turn off the power generation system, and then remove the fuel tank 9 and the water tank 10 for cleaning.

[0074] In summary, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A metal-water reaction hydrogen production fuel cell power generation system, characterized in that: The power generation system comprises a front shell, a rear shell, a cavity, a cavity cover, a fuel tank and a water tank; The cavity is provided with a middle partition, which divides the cavity into two parts, an upper part and an lower part; The space above the middle partition is named the device compartment, in which hydrogen fuel cells, water pumps, pressure reducing valves, one-way valves, filter cotton, solenoid valves and batteries are installed; The fuel tank and the water tank are fixed side by side under the middle partition through threads, and the fuel tank and the water tank are locked by buttons or buckles; The front shell is connected to the front end of the cavity by a buckle, and the rear shell is connected to the rear end of the cavity by a buckle; the cavity cover is connected to the top of the cavity by a buckle; The water pump is connected to the fuel tank and the water tank through a pipeline silicone pipe; The fuel tank and the water tank are connected through a silicone pipe, and a one-way valve is installed on the silicone pipe; The water tank and filter cotton are connected through a silicone pipe; The filter cotton is connected to the pressure reducing valve through a silicone pipe; The pressure reducing valve is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell through a silicone pipe; The hydrogen fuel cell is connected to the solenoid valve through a silicone pipe. The hydrogen fuel cell is connected to the battery or electrical appliance through an electric circuit.

2. A metal-water reaction hydrogen production fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A light guide column is installed on the front shell.

3. The metal-water reaction hydrogen production fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressure detector is installed inside the cavity cover to detect the pressure in the fuel tank. When the pressure in the fuel tank is detected to be less than 75kPa, the water pump starts working and the light guide column displays green. When the pressure in the fuel tank is detected to be greater than 90kPa, the water pump stops working and the light guide column still displays green. When the water pump has worked for 15 consecutive cycles and the pressure in the fuel tank is still not greater than 90kPa, it means that the fuel has been completely consumed and the light guide column displays red.

4. A metal-water reaction hydrogen production fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cavity has external threads, and buttons or buckles are arranged at the bottom of the cavity for fixing the fuel tank and the water tank.

5. The metal-water reaction hydrogen production fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water tank is made of non-metallic material, and a sealing ring is installed at the opening for liquid sealing; an internal thread is arranged around the tank body of the water tank, which cooperates with the external thread of the cavity; a groove is arranged at the bottom of the tank body for cooperating with a button or a buckle.

6. The metal-water reaction hydrogen production fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuel tank is composed of a metal liner and a non-metallic outer shell. The metal liner is made of metal material to ensure the strength of the fuel tank under high pressure. The metal liner is wrapped with a non-metallic outer shell to play a role of heat insulation. A sealing ring is installed at the opening of the fuel tank for gas sealing. An internal thread is arranged around the fuel tank body to cooperate with the external thread of the cavity. A groove is provided at the bottom of the fuel tank for cooperating with a button or buckle.

7. A metal-water reaction hydrogen production fuel cell power generation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The power generation system has automatic and manual pressure relief functions. When the pressure in the fuel tank is detected to be greater than 150kPa, the solenoid valve is in an open-circuit state, allowing the hydrogen to be discharged quickly, reducing the pressure in the fuel tank until the pressure is less than 150kPa. When the power generation system is turned off, the solenoid valve is in an open-circuit state, allowing the unused hydrogen in the fuel tank to be discharged quickly. When the pressure in the fuel tank is detected to be less than 30kPa, the pressure relief is completed. During the pressure relief, the light guide column displays blue.

8. A method for generating electricity by using a metal-water reaction hydrogen fuel cell, characterized in that The steps of the method include: The first step is to add water to the water tank, add fuel to the fuel tank, and then screw the fuel tank and water tank into the cavity; The second step is to start the water pump, which pumps the water in the water tank into the fuel tank. The fuel in the fuel tank reacts with the water to produce hydrogen. The produced hydrogen enters the water tank through a one-way valve. The hydrogen is dried and cooled in the water tank, then filtered through filter cotton and decompressed by a pressure reducing valve before being output to the hydrogen fuel cell. In the third step, the hydrogen fuel cell starts to generate electricity. The generated electricity is stored through batteries or directly supplied to electrical appliances. The unreacted hydrogen and the reaction product water are discharged through the solenoid valve.

9. A method for generating electricity by a metal-water reaction hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the second step, the pressure in the fuel tank is detected by a pressure detector. When the water pump is started, the pressure in the fuel tank gradually rises from 0, and the light guide column displays green. When the pressure in the fuel tank detected is greater than 90 kPa, the water pump stops working, and the light guide column still displays green. After the water pump stops working, the pressure in the fuel tank gradually decreases. When the pressure in the fuel tank is less than 75kPa, the water pump is restarted, and the cycle continues. When the water pump works continuously for 15 cycles and the fuel tank pressure is still not greater than 90kPa, it means that the fuel has been completely consumed and the light guide column displays red.

10. The method for generating electricity by a metal-water reaction hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 9, characterized in that: The working cycle of the water pump is 10s, working for 2s and stopping for 8s; The fuel is an aluminum alloy, which includes aluminum and a low-melting-point metal, and the low-melting-point metal is gallium, indium, tin or bismuth; The addition ratio of fuel to water is 1g:10-100ml.

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