Battery system and locomotive

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of locomotives, and provides a battery system and a locomotive, the battery system comprises a high-pressure gas storage device, a concentration fuel cell and a fuel cell, the high-pressure gas storage device is used for storing high-pressure fuel gas; a high-pressure fuel gas inlet end of the concentration difference fuel cell is connected with a high-pressure gas storage device; and the fuel gas inlet end of the fuel cell is connected with the low-pressure fuel gas outlet end of the concentration fuel cell. The battery system has relatively high power generation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of locomotives, and in particular to a battery system and a locomotive. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, a locomotive includes a drive assembly and auxiliary power equipment. The drive assembly is used to drive the locomotive to move, and the auxiliary power equipment is used to provide auxiliary functions. For example, the auxiliary power equipment may include a driver's cab air conditioner, a heater, a socket, etc. In the prior art, the drive assembly and the auxiliary power equipment share the same set of power batteries, the utilization rate of the power batteries is low, and the auxiliary power equipment and the drive assembly also have mutual influence.

[0003] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background technology section is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of the present disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute the prior art known to ordinary technicians in the field. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a battery system, comprising:

[0005] A high-pressure gas storage device for storing high-pressure fuel gas;

[0006] A concentration difference fuel cell, wherein the high-pressure fuel inlet end of the concentration difference fuel cell is connected to the high-pressure gas storage device;

[0007] A fuel cell, wherein the fuel inlet end of the fuel cell is connected to the low-pressure fuel outlet end of the concentration difference fuel cell.

[0008] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the battery system further includes:

[0009] A first pipeline is connected between the high-pressure gas storage device and the high-pressure fuel gas inlet end of the concentration difference fuel cell;

[0010] A first solenoid valve, disposed on the first pipeline;

[0011] A buffer tank connected between the fuel inlet end of the fuel cell and the low-pressure fuel outlet end of the concentration difference fuel cell;

[0012] A second pipeline is connected between the buffer tank and the fuel inlet end of the fuel cell;

[0013] A second solenoid valve, disposed on the second pipeline;

[0014] A third pipeline is connected between the high-pressure gas storage device and the fuel inlet end of the fuel cell;

[0015] A first pressure reducer is arranged on the third pipeline, and an air inlet end of the first solenoid valve is connected to an air inlet end of the first pressure reducer;

[0016] The electronic control unit is connected to the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve and the locomotive controller, and is used for responding to the control of the locomotive controller to turn on or off the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve.

[0017] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the battery system further includes:

[0018] A buffer tank connected between the fuel inlet end of the fuel cell and the low-pressure fuel outlet end of the concentration difference fuel cell;

[0019] A second pipeline is connected between the buffer tank and the fuel inlet end of the fuel cell;

[0020] A second solenoid valve, disposed on the second pipeline;

[0021] a pressure sensor, disposed in the second pipeline, and used to detect the air pressure in the second pipeline;

[0022] An electronic control unit is connected to the second solenoid valve and the pressure sensor, and is used to close or open the second solenoid valve according to data sensed by the pressure sensor.

[0023] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the battery system further includes:

[0024] A cooling system, the cooling system comprising a cooling device, a liquid inlet pipe, and a liquid return pipe, the cooling device comprising a cavity communicating with the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid return pipe, the cooling device being used to cool the fuel cell, the liquid inlet pipe being used to provide cooling fluid to the cooling device, and the liquid return pipe being used to recover the cooling fluid passing through the cooling device;

[0025] A heating system is used to heat the concentration difference fuel cell. The heating system includes a flow channel, and the flow channel is connected in series to the liquid return pipe.

[0026] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the battery system further includes:

[0027] A third pipeline is connected between the high-pressure gas storage device and the fuel inlet end of the fuel cell;

[0028] The first pressure reducer is arranged on the third pipeline.

[0029] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the battery system further includes:

[0030] A buffer tank connected between the fuel inlet end of the fuel cell and the low-pressure fuel outlet end of the concentration difference fuel cell;

[0031] A second pipeline is connected between the buffer tank and the fuel inlet end of the fuel cell;

[0032] The second pressure reducer is arranged on the second pipeline.

[0033] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the battery system further includes:

[0034] A voltage converter has a negative input terminal connected to the negative electrode of the concentration difference fuel cell, and a positive input terminal connected to the positive electrode of the concentration difference fuel cell.

[0035] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the fuel cell includes one or more proton exchange membrane fuel cells, and the concentration difference fuel cell includes one or more proton exchange membrane fuel cells.

[0036] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the fuel gas stored in the high-pressure gas storage device is hydrogen.

[0037] The present disclosure also provides a locomotive, the locomotive comprising:

[0038] A driving assembly, used for driving the locomotive to move;

[0039] Auxiliary power equipment;

[0040] In the above-mentioned battery system, the fuel cell in the battery system is used to provide electrical energy to the driving component, and the concentration difference fuel cell is used to provide electrical energy to the auxiliary power equipment.

[0041] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] In order to better understand the present disclosure, reference may be made to the embodiments shown in the following drawings. The components in the drawings are not necessarily to scale, and related elements may be omitted in order to emphasize and clearly illustrate the technical features of the present disclosure. In addition, related elements or components may have different arrangements as known in the art. In addition, in the drawings, the same reference numerals represent the same or similar components in each drawing.

[0043] in:

[0044] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an exemplary embodiment of the battery system disclosed in the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2It is a structural schematic diagram of another exemplary embodiment of the battery system disclosed in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. The exemplary embodiments described herein are only for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present disclosure. Therefore, it should be understood that various modifications and changes can be made to the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0047] In the description of the present disclosure, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "plurality" refers to two or more; the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more associated listed items. In particular, reference to "the / the" object or "an" object is also intended to indicate one of a possible plurality of such objects.

[0048] Unless otherwise specified or explained, the terms "connection", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integral connection, an electrical connection, or a signal connection; "connection" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this disclosure can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0049] Further, in the description of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the directional words such as "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer" and the like described in the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are described at the angles shown in the accompanying drawings and should not be understood as limitations on the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. It should also be understood that, in the context, when it is mentioned that an element or feature is connected to one or more "upper", "lower", or "inner", "outer" of another element, it can not only be directly connected to the "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer" of another element or elements, but can also be indirectly connected to the "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer" of another element or elements through an intermediate element.

[0050] This exemplary embodiment first provides a battery system, such as Figure 1 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the structure of an exemplary embodiment of the battery system of the present disclosure. The battery system includes: a high-pressure gas storage device 1, a concentration difference fuel cell 2, and a fuel cell 3. The high-pressure gas storage device 1 is used to store high-pressure fuel gas; the high-pressure fuel inlet end of the concentration difference fuel cell 2 is connected to the high-pressure gas storage device 1; the fuel inlet end of the fuel cell 3 is connected to the low-pressure fuel outlet end of the concentration difference fuel cell.

[0051] In the prior art, the locomotive provides fuel gas to the fuel cell through a high-pressure gas storage device, and at the same time, the gas pressure required by the fuel cell is less than the gas pressure provided by the high-pressure gas storage device. In this exemplary embodiment, a concentration difference fuel cell 2 is added to the battery system of the locomotive. The concentration difference fuel cell 2 makes full use of the pressure difference between the gas outlet end of the high-pressure gas storage device 1 and the fuel cell 3 fuel inlet end in the prior art to generate electricity. This setting can improve the power generation efficiency of the locomotive battery system. At the same time, the concentration difference fuel cell 2 can be used to provide power to the auxiliary power equipment on the locomotive, and the fuel cell 3 can be used to provide power to the drive assembly on the locomotive. This setting can avoid mutual interference when the auxiliary power equipment and the drive assembly on the locomotive share the same battery. In addition, when the existing locomotive is modified with a fuel cell, due to the large difference in mass between the fuel cell system and the traditional internal combustion engine, in order to ensure that the locomotive has sufficient axle load, it is often necessary to add a counterweight to the locomotive when the fuel cell is modified. The battery system provided by this exemplary embodiment has a greater weight than the existing battery system due to the addition of a concentration difference fuel cell, so the battery system provided by this exemplary embodiment can reduce the cost of the locomotive counterweight.

[0052] In this exemplary embodiment, the fuel cell 3 may include one or more proton exchange membrane fuel cells, and the multiple proton exchange membrane fuel cells may be arranged in series or in parallel. The concentration difference fuel cell 2 may also include one or more proton exchange membrane fuel cells, and the multiple proton exchange membrane fuel cells may be arranged in series or in parallel.

[0053] The proton exchange membrane fuel cell can use the proton exchange membrane to separate the fuel gas into electrons and ions, and the electrons pass through the external circuit from the anode to the cathode of the battery. This exemplary embodiment is described by taking the fuel gas as hydrogen as an example. For fuel cell 3: fuel cell 3 includes a fuel inlet end and an air inlet end, hydrogen enters the fuel cell from the fuel inlet end of the fuel cell 3 and is separated into electrons and hydrogen ions by the proton exchange membrane, and the electrons move from the anode of the fuel cell to the cathode of the fuel cell through the external circuit, and air enters the fuel cell through the air inlet end, and the oxygen and hydrogen ions in the air and the electrons returning to the cathode react to generate water. For concentration difference fuel cell 2: concentration difference fuel cell 2 includes a high-pressure gas inlet end and a low-pressure fuel outlet end, high-pressure hydrogen enters the concentration difference fuel cell 2 through the high-pressure gas inlet end and is separated into electrons and hydrogen ions by the proton exchange membrane, and the electrons move from the anode of the concentration difference fuel cell to the cathode of the concentration difference fuel cell through the external circuit, and at the low-pressure fuel outlet end, the hydrogen ions and the electrons returning to the cathode generate hydrogen again. The gas pressure at the high-pressure gas inlet end of the concentration difference fuel cell 2 is greater than the gas pressure at the low-pressure fuel outlet end.

[0054] In this exemplary embodiment, Figure 1As shown, the battery system further includes: a third pipeline 93 and a first pressure reducer 71, wherein the third pipeline 93 is connected between the high-pressure gas storage device 1 and the fuel inlet end of the fuel cell 3; the first pressure reducer 71 is arranged on the third pipeline 93, and the first pressure reducer 71 can reduce the gas pressure in the third pipeline 93. The exemplary embodiment can also provide fuel gas to the fuel cell 3 through the third pipeline 93, and this arrangement can improve the flexibility of the battery system operation. For example, the battery system can only provide fuel gas to the fuel cell 3 through the third pipeline 93, so that the concentration difference fuel cell 2 can be shut down.

[0055] In this exemplary embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the battery system also includes: a first pipeline 91, a first solenoid valve 81, a buffer tank 4, a second pipeline 92, and a second solenoid valve 82. The first pipeline 91 is connected between the high-pressure gas storage device 1 and the high-pressure fuel gas inlet end of the concentration difference fuel cell 2; the first solenoid valve 81 is arranged on the first pipeline 91, and the inlet end of the first solenoid valve 81 is connected to the inlet end of the first pressure reducer 71; the buffer tank 4 is connected between the fuel inlet end of the fuel cell 3 and the low-pressure fuel outlet end of the concentration difference fuel cell 2; the second pipeline 92 is connected between the buffer tank 4 and the fuel inlet end of the fuel cell 3; the second solenoid valve 82 is arranged on the second pipeline 92; the electronic control unit 5 is connected to the first solenoid valve 81, the second solenoid valve 82, and the locomotive controller, and the electronic control unit 5 is used to respond to the control of the locomotive controller to turn on or off the first solenoid valve 81 and the second solenoid valve 82.

[0056] In this exemplary embodiment, the electronic control unit 5 can be used to control the opening and closing of the first solenoid valve 81 and the second solenoid valve 82, so as to realize the control of the start and closing of the concentration difference fuel cell 2 and the fuel cell 3. For example, when the concentration difference fuel cell 2 and the fuel cell 3 need to work at the same time, the first solenoid valve 81 can be controlled to be turned on by the electronic control unit 5, and the first pressure reducer 71 can be turned on or the second solenoid valve 82 can be turned on by the electronic control unit 5; when the concentration difference fuel cell 2 needs to work and the fuel cell 3 does not work, the first solenoid valve 81 can be controlled to be turned on by the electronic control unit 5, and the first pressure reducer 71 can be turned off and the second solenoid valve 82 can be turned off by the electronic control unit 5; when the fuel cell 3 needs to work and the concentration difference fuel cell 2 does not work, the first solenoid valve 81 and the second solenoid valve 82 can be controlled to be turned off by the electronic control unit 5, and the first pressure reducer 71 can be controlled to be turned on; when the concentration difference fuel cell 2 and the fuel cell 3 do not work at the same time, the first solenoid valve 81 and the second solenoid valve 82 can be controlled to be turned off by the electronic control unit 5, and the first pressure reducer 71 can be turned off.

[0057] In this exemplary embodiment, Figure 1As shown, the battery system may further include: a pressure sensor 10, the pressure sensor 10 is arranged in the second pipeline 92, and the pressure sensor 10 is used to detect the air pressure in the second pipeline 92. The electronic control unit 5 is connected to the pressure sensor 10, and the electronic control unit 5 is used to close or open the second solenoid valve 82 according to the data sensed by the pressure sensor 10. In this exemplary embodiment, the pressure of the fuel gas input to the fuel cell 3 by the second pipeline 92 needs to be equal to the pressure of the fuel gas input to the fuel cell 3 by the third pipeline 93, otherwise the high-pressure gas storage device 1 will flow fuel gas into the buffer tank 4, or the buffer tank 4 will flow fuel gas into the high-pressure gas storage device 1. When the air pressure provided by the buffer tank 4 to the fuel cell 3 through the second pipeline 92 cannot reach the preset air pressure, that is, the air pressure provided by the buffer tank 4 to the fuel cell 3 through the second pipeline 92 cannot be equal to the pressure of the fuel gas input to the fuel cell 3 by the third pipeline 93, the electronic control unit 5 can close the second solenoid valve 82 according to the air pressure sensed by the pressure sensor 10, so that only the high-pressure gas storage device is used to provide fuel gas to the fuel cell 3 through the third pipeline 93.

[0058] In this exemplary embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the battery system further includes: a second pressure reducer 72, which is arranged on the second pipeline. The second pressure reducer 72 can reduce the pressure of the gas in the second pipeline 92, so that the pressure at the outlet of the second pressure reducer 72 is the same as the pressure at the outlet of the first pressure reducer 71. When the gas pressure provided by the buffer tank 4 to the fuel cell 3 through the second pipeline 92 can reach the preset gas pressure, the second solenoid valve 82 can be opened, and the gas pressure in the second pipeline 92 can be adjusted through the second pressure reducer 72.

[0059] It should be understood that in other exemplary embodiments, the first pressure reducer 71 and the second pressure reducer 72 may also be electronic pressure reducing valves, and the electronic control unit 5 may control the output air pressure of the first pressure reducer and the second pressure reducer through digital signals.

[0060] In this exemplary embodiment, Figure 2As shown, it is a structural schematic diagram of another exemplary embodiment of the battery system disclosed in the present invention. The battery system also includes: a cooling system and a heating system 11. The cooling system includes a cooling device 121, a liquid inlet pipe 122, and a liquid return pipe 123. The cooling device 121 includes a cavity connected to the liquid inlet pipe 122 and the liquid return pipe 123. The cooling device 121 is used to cool the fuel cell 3. The liquid inlet pipe 122 is used to provide cooling fluid to the cooling device, and the liquid return pipe 223 is used to recover the cooling fluid passing through the cooling device; the heating system 11 is used to heat the concentration difference fuel cell 2. The heating system 11 includes a flow channel, which is connected in series to the liquid return pipe 123. The cooling fluid in the cooling device 121 is heated by the fuel cell 3, and the heated cooling fluid can enter the flow channel in the heating system 11 through the liquid return pipe 123, so that the heating system 11 can heat the concentration difference fuel cell 2, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the concentration difference fuel cell 2.

[0061] In this exemplary embodiment, Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the battery system further includes: a voltage converter 6, wherein the negative input terminal of the voltage converter 6 is connected to the negative electrode of the concentration difference fuel cell 2, and the positive input terminal of the voltage converter 6 is connected to the positive electrode of the concentration difference fuel cell 2. The voltage converter 6 can be a DC to DC voltage converter or a DC to AC voltage converter. The voltage converter 6 can provide electrical energy to the power storage device in the locomotive, or directly provide electrical energy to the auxiliary power equipment.

[0062] In this exemplary embodiment, the fuel gas stored in the high-pressure gas storage device is hydrogen.

[0063] This exemplary embodiment also provides a locomotive, which includes: a drive component, auxiliary power equipment, and the above-mentioned battery system, wherein the drive component is used to drive the locomotive to move; the fuel cell in the battery system is used to provide electrical energy to the drive component, and the concentration difference fuel cell is used to provide electrical energy to the auxiliary power equipment.

[0064] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present disclosure after considering the specification and practicing what is disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present disclosure that follow the general principles of the present disclosure and include common knowledge or customary technical means in the art that are not disclosed in the present disclosure. The specification and embodiments are to be considered merely as exemplary, and the true scope and spirit of the present disclosure are indicated by the claims.

[0065] The drawings in the present disclosure only relate to the structures involved in the present disclosure, and other structures may refer to the usual design. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present disclosure and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments. It should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the technical solutions of the present disclosure may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present disclosure, and should be included in the scope of the claims of the present disclosure.

[0066] It should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the exact structures that have been described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery system, characterized in that: The battery system comprises: A high-pressure gas storage device for storing high-pressure fuel gas; A concentration difference fuel cell, wherein the high-pressure fuel inlet end of the concentration difference fuel cell is connected to the high-pressure gas storage device; A fuel cell, wherein the fuel inlet end of the fuel cell is connected to the low-pressure fuel outlet end of the concentration difference fuel cell.

2. The battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery system further comprises: A first pipeline is connected between the high-pressure gas storage device and the high-pressure fuel gas inlet end of the concentration difference fuel cell; A first solenoid valve, disposed on the first pipeline; A buffer tank connected between the fuel inlet end of the fuel cell and the low-pressure fuel outlet end of the concentration difference fuel cell; A second pipeline connected between the buffer tank and the fuel inlet end of the fuel cell; A second solenoid valve, disposed on the second pipeline; A third pipeline is connected between the high-pressure gas storage device and the fuel inlet end of the fuel cell; A first pressure reducer is arranged on the third pipeline, and an air inlet end of the first solenoid valve is connected to an air inlet end of the first pressure reducer; The electronic control unit is connected to the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve and the locomotive controller, and is used for responding to the control of the locomotive controller to turn on or off the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve.

3. The battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery system further comprises: A buffer tank connected between the fuel inlet end of the fuel cell and the low-pressure fuel outlet end of the concentration difference fuel cell; A second pipeline is connected between the buffer tank and the fuel inlet end of the fuel cell; A second solenoid valve, disposed on the second pipeline; A pressure sensor is disposed in the second pipeline, and the pressure sensor is used to detect the air pressure in the second pipeline; An electronic control unit is connected to the second solenoid valve and the pressure sensor, and is used to close or open the second solenoid valve according to data sensed by the pressure sensor.

4. The battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery system further comprises: A cooling system, the cooling system comprising a cooling device, a liquid inlet pipe, and a liquid return pipe, the cooling device comprising a cavity communicating with the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid return pipe, the cooling device being used to cool the fuel cell, the liquid inlet pipe being used to provide cooling fluid to the cooling device, and the liquid return pipe being used to recover the cooling fluid passing through the cooling device; A heating system is used to heat the concentration difference fuel cell. The heating system includes a flow channel, and the flow channel is connected in series to the liquid return pipe.

5. The battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery system further comprises: A third pipeline is connected between the high-pressure gas storage device and the fuel inlet end of the fuel cell; The first pressure reducer is arranged on the third pipeline.

6. The battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery system further comprises: A buffer tank connected between the fuel inlet end of the fuel cell and the low-pressure fuel outlet end of the concentration difference fuel cell; A second pipeline connected between the buffer tank and the fuel inlet end of the fuel cell; The second pressure reducer is arranged on the second pipeline.

7. The battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery system further comprises: A voltage converter has a negative input terminal connected to the negative electrode of the concentration difference fuel cell, and a positive input terminal connected to the positive electrode of the concentration difference fuel cell.

8. The battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuel cell includes one or more proton exchange membrane fuel cells, and the concentration difference fuel cell includes one or more proton exchange membrane fuel cells.

9. The battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuel gas stored in the high-pressure gas storage device is hydrogen.

10. A locomotive, characterized in that: The locomotive comprises: A driving assembly, used for driving the locomotive to move; Auxiliary power equipment; The battery system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the fuel cell in the battery system is used to provide electrical energy to the drive assembly, and the concentration difference fuel cell is used to provide electrical energy to the auxiliary power equipment.

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