Photo-thermal and photovoltaic integrated power generation system for multiple working conditions, control method and device

Abstract

The invention provides a photo-thermal and photovoltaic integrated power generation system for multiple working conditions, a control method and a device, and belongs to the technical field of solar thermal power generation. The system comprises a central controller, a heliostat assembly, a power generation module, an energy storage module and a tower type heat collector, the heliostat assembly comprises a U-shaped structure and a support, the light facing face of the U-shaped structure is obliquely arranged towards the tower type heat collector and reflects sunlight to the tower type heat collector, a selective reflector, an air interlayer, a photovoltaic cell, a fin radiator and a water storage tank are arranged in the U-shaped structure, a coating is arranged on the selective reflector, and a hollow-square-shaped cavity is formed in the periphery of the selective reflector. A first channel and a second channel are arranged on the two sides of the U-shaped structure; electric baffles are arranged at the two ends of the concentric-square-shaped cavity, the air interlayer and the fin radiator respectively; a water pump and a water working medium are arranged in the water storage tank. The problems that the photovoltaic photo-thermal power generation function is single and the utilization rate is low can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solar power generation, and in particular to a photothermal-photovoltaic integrated power generation system for multiple working conditions, a control method and a device. Background Art

[0002] Solar energy is one of the most important green and low-carbon energy sources. Solar energy resources are extremely abundant. The solar radiation energy that China's land surface can receive each year is as much as 50×1018KJ. The energy projected onto the earth per second is equivalent to burning 5.9×106 tons of coal. At present, the most widely used solar energy technologies are solar photovoltaic, solar thermal technology, and solar photovoltaic and thermal comprehensive utilization technology. The solar radiation energy on the earth's surface is divided into infrared band (>0.76μm), visible light band (0.40-0.76μm) and ultraviolet band (<0.40μm). The spectral response band of solar photovoltaic cells is 0.40-1.1μm. Photovoltaic cells can only generate electricity using solar radiation within the corresponding spectral response range, while solar radiation outside the spectral response band will dissipate in the form of heat, part of which is released into the environment, and the other part is stored in the battery itself, causing the battery temperature to rise. The loss of heat will cause heat loss in the solar photovoltaic system.

[0003] In the traditional scheme, photovoltaic and thermal comprehensive utilization technology combines photovoltaic and thermal energy, which can obtain electrical energy and thermal energy at the same time, and improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of solar energy. However, the current photovoltaic and thermal comprehensive utilization technology is to attach photovoltaic cells to the collector by mechanical or chemical adhesives, which can easily cause the photovoltaic module to heat up and be damaged. The existing public patent CN111765652A discloses that the collector and the photovoltaic cell are set separately. However, in the implementation of this application scheme, it is found that there is still a problem of single photovoltaic and thermal power generation function and low utilization rate. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present invention provide a solar-thermal-photovoltaic integrated power generation system, a control method and a device for multiple working conditions to solve the problem of single photovoltaic and solar-thermal power generation function and low utilization rate.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a solar-thermal-photovoltaic integrated power generation system for multiple working conditions, comprising: a central controller, a heliostat assembly, a power generation module, an energy storage module and a tower collector connected in sequence;

[0006] The heliostat assembly includes a U-shaped structure and a bracket. The light-facing surface of the U-shaped structure is tilted toward the tower collector to reflect sunlight to the tower collector. A selective reflector, an air interlayer, a photovoltaic cell, a fin radiator and a water storage tank are arranged in sequence from top to bottom inside the U-shaped structure. A coating is provided on the selective reflector, and a serpentine cavity is provided around the selective reflector.

[0007] A first channel and a second channel are respectively provided along the inner wall on both sides of the U-shaped structure, the first channel is close to the tower collector, and the first channel and the second channel are respectively connected to the round-shaped cavity, the air interlayer, the fin radiator and the water storage tank; electric baffles corresponding to the first channel and the second channel are respectively provided at both ends of the round-shaped cavity, the air interlayer and the fin radiator; a water pump and water working medium are provided in the water storage tank; the electric baffle, the water pump, the power generation module, the energy storage module and the tower collector are communicatively connected to the central controller.

[0008] In a possible implementation, the coating includes, from top to bottom, a silicon dioxide coating, a titanium dioxide coating, a niobium oxide coating, and a zirconium oxide coating.

[0009] In a possible embodiment, a spoiler is provided in the air interlayer, and the spoiler is arranged parallel to the electric baffle of the air interlayer. The spoiler and the two corresponding side walls of the U-shaped structure form passages for water working medium to enter the air interlayer, so as to increase the flow path of the water working medium in the air interlayer.

[0010] In a possible implementation, there are multiple spoilers, all of which are movably arranged in the air interlayer, and two adjacent spoilers contact different side walls of the U-shaped structure to form a serpentine channel, thereby extending the flow path of the water medium in the air interlayer and improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0011] In a possible implementation manner, thermal conductive silicone grease is provided between the photovoltaic cell and the fin heat sink.

[0012] In a possible implementation, an inner wall of the water storage tank is paved with a thermal insulation layer.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the system further includes a support plate, an adjustment mechanism is provided on the top of the bracket, the support plate is provided on the top of the adjustment mechanism, and the U-shaped structure is provided on the top of the support plate;

[0014] The central controller is electrically connected to the adjusting mechanism, and the central controller adjusts the angle of the U-shaped structure toward the sunlight through the adjusting mechanism.

[0015] In a possible implementation manner, the water working medium is black water working medium.

[0016] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a control method for a solar-thermal-photovoltaic integrated power generation system for multiple working conditions, including:

[0017] Determine the type of working condition;

[0018] When the water medium in the water storage tank has insufficient heat storage and the photovoltaic cell fails, the two electric dampers of the air interlayer are controlled to be in an open state to connect the water storage tank, the first channel, the air interlayer and the second channel, and the water pump is controlled to be in an open state; wherein the water medium in the water storage tank is pumped to the air interlayer through the first channel by the water pump, the sunlight through the selective reflector is irradiated to the water medium, the heat of the sunlight is absorbed by the water medium, and the water medium is made to flow back to the water storage tank through the second channel to store heat;

[0019] When in the second working condition, when heat is stored and electricity is generated at the same time, the two electric plates of the fin radiator are controlled to be in an open state to connect the water storage tank, the first channel, the fin radiator and the second channel, and the water pump is controlled to be in an open state; wherein, the water working medium in the water storage tank is pumped into the gap of the fin radiator through the first channel by the water pump, and the sunlight through the selective reflector is irradiated to the photovoltaic cell, and electricity is generated and heat is generated by the photovoltaic cell, and the heat is transferred to the water working medium by the fin radiator, and the water working medium is made to flow back to the water storage tank through the second channel;

[0020] When the selective reflector is in the third working condition and frosting occurs, the two electric plates of the cycloidal cavity are controlled to be in an open state to connect the water storage tank, the first channel, the cycloidal cavity and the second channel, and the water pump is controlled to be in an open state; wherein the water working medium in the water storage tank is pumped to the cycloidal cavity through the first channel by the water pump, the selective reflector is heated by the water working medium to increase the temperature of the selective reflector, and the water working medium is made to flow back to the water storage tank through the second channel;

[0021] When in the fourth working condition, when the tower collector is overheated, the two electric plates of the control cavity are in an open state to connect the water tank, the first channel, the circuit cavity and the second channel, and the water pump is controlled to be in an open state, and the opening and closing degree of the two electric plates of the circuit cavity is controlled to adjust the flow rate of the water medium in the circuit cavity and change the temperature of the selective reflector; wherein, the water medium in the water tank is pumped from the first channel to the circuit cavity by the water pump, and the water medium flows back to the water tank through the second channel.

[0022] In a possible implementation manner, controlling the opening and closing degree of the two electric plates of the meandering cavity to adjust the flow rate of the water medium in the meandering cavity and change the temperature of the selective reflector includes:

[0023] Obtaining the water working medium temperature in the round-shaped cavity, the water working medium temperature in the water storage tank and the target temperature of the selective reflector;

[0024] According to the water medium temperature in the zigzag cavity, the water medium temperature in the water storage tank and the target temperature of the selective reflector, the PID control strategy is used to adjust the opening and closing degree of the electric plate of the zigzag cavity to adjust the flow rate of the water medium entering the zigzag cavity and change the temperature of the selective reflector.

[0025] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a photothermal photovoltaic integrated power generation device for multiple working conditions, comprising:

[0026] A working condition judgment module is used to judge the type of working condition;

[0027] The first working condition control module is used to control the two electric dampers of the air interlayer to be in an open state when the water working medium in the water storage tank has insufficient heat storage and the photovoltaic cell fails, so as to connect the water storage tank, the first channel, the air interlayer and the second channel, and control the water pump to be in an open state; wherein the water working medium in the water storage tank is pumped to the air interlayer through the first channel by the water pump, the sunlight through the selective reflector is irradiated to the water working medium, the heat of the sunlight is absorbed by the water working medium, and the water working medium is made to flow back to the water storage tank through the second channel to store heat;

[0028] The second working condition control module is used to control the two electric plates of the fin radiator to be in an open state when in the second working condition, storing heat and generating electricity at the same time, so as to connect the water storage tank, the first channel, the fin radiator and the second channel, and control the water pump to be in an open state; wherein, the water working medium in the water storage tank is pumped into the gap of the fin radiator through the first channel by the water pump, and the sunlight through the selective reflector is irradiated to the photovoltaic cell, and the photovoltaic cell generates electricity and heat, and the heat is transferred to the water working medium by the fin radiator, and the water working medium is made to flow back to the water storage tank through the second channel;

[0029] A third working condition control module is used for, when in the third working condition and the selective reflector is frosted, controlling the two electric plates of the cycloid cavity to be in an open state, so as to connect the water storage tank, the first channel, the cycloid cavity and the second channel, and controlling the water pump to be in an open state; wherein, the water working medium in the water storage tank is pumped to the cycloid cavity through the first channel by the water pump, the selective reflector is heated by the water working medium to increase the temperature of the selective reflector, and the water working medium is made to flow back to the water storage tank through the second channel;

[0030] The fourth operating condition control module is used to control the two electric plates of the cycloidal cavity to be in an open state when the tower collector is in the fourth operating condition and overheated, so as to connect the water tank, the first channel, the cycloidal cavity and the second channel, and control the water pump to be in an open state, and control the opening and closing degree of the two electric plates of the cycloidal cavity to adjust the flow rate of the water medium in the cycloidal cavity and change the temperature of the selective reflector; wherein, the water medium in the water tank is pumped from the first channel to the cycloidal cavity by the water pump, and the water medium flows back to the water tank through the second channel.

[0031] The embodiments of the present invention provide a solar-thermal-photovoltaic integrated power generation system, a control method and a device for multiple working conditions. Through the arrangement of a selective reflector, an air interlayer, a photovoltaic cell, a finned heat sink and a water storage tank in a heliostat assembly, the system can meet the requirements of multiple working conditions in photovoltaic-thermal power generation, such as heat storage, heat storage power generation, defrosting and defocusing, and improve power generation efficiency.

[0032] Through the setting of selective reflectors, part of the sunlight is reflected to the tower collector, which transfers the heat to the power generation module through the energy storage module, and generates electricity through the power generation module. The other part of the sunlight enters the photovoltaic cell to generate electricity, realizing the frequency division utilization of solar energy and improving the power generation efficiency.

[0033] Integrating photovoltaic cells and selective reflectors reduces the footprint of photovoltaic thermal power generation systems, saves investment in some brackets, and reduces construction costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0035] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a solar-thermal-photovoltaic integrated power generation system for multiple working conditions provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 is a side view of a U-shaped structure of a solar-thermal-photovoltaic integrated power generation system for multiple working conditions provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 is a top view of a selective reflector for a photothermal-photovoltaic integrated power generation system under multiple working conditions provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 is a top view of an air interlayer of a solar-thermal-photovoltaic integrated power generation system for multiple working conditions provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 is a flow chart of a control method for a solar-thermal-photovoltaic integrated power generation system under multiple working conditions provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of a solar-thermal-photovoltaic integrated power generation device for multiple working conditions provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Description of Reference Numerals

[0042] Among them, 1. power generation module, 2. energy storage module, 3. tower collector, 4. U-shaped structure, 41. selective reflector, 42. round cavity, 43. air interlayer, 44. photovoltaic cell, 45. fin radiator, 46. water storage tank, 47. water pump, 481. first channel, 482. second channel, 491. first electric baffle, 492. second electric baffle, 493. third electric baffle, 5. bracket, 6. sun, 7. spoiler. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In the following description, specific details such as specific system structures, technologies, etc. are provided for the purpose of illustration rather than limitation, so as to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present invention. However, it should be clear to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other cases, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted to prevent unnecessary details from obstructing the description of the present invention.

[0044] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, specific embodiments will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0045] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the integrated photovoltaic power generation system for multiple working conditions provided by the embodiment of the present invention is as follows. Figure 1 As shown, it includes a central controller, a heliostat assembly, a power generation module 1, an energy storage module 2 and a tower collector 3 connected in sequence.

[0046] The heliostat assembly includes a U-shaped structure 4 and a bracket 5. The light-facing surface of the U-shaped structure 4 is tilted toward the tower collector 3 to reflect sunlight to the tower collector 3. A selective reflector 41, an air interlayer 43, a photovoltaic cell 44, a fin heat sink 45 and a water storage tank 46 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom inside the U-shaped structure 4. A coating is provided on the selective reflector 41, and a serpentine cavity 42 is provided around the selective reflector 41.

[0047] A first channel 481 and a second channel 482 are respectively provided along the inner wall on both sides of the U-shaped structure 4, the first channel 481 is close to the tower collector 3, and the first channel 481 and the second channel 482 are respectively connected to the round-shaped cavity 42, the air interlayer 43, the fin heat sink 45 and the water storage tank 46; electric baffles corresponding to the first channel 481 and the second channel 482 are respectively provided at both ends of the round-shaped cavity 42, the air interlayer 43 and the fin heat sink 45, and a water pump 47 and water working medium are provided in the water storage tank 46; the electric baffle, the water pump 47, the power generation module 1, the energy storage module 2 and the tower collector 3 are communicatively connected to the central controller.

[0048] During the solar thermal power generation process, the selective reflector 41 reflects the light with a wavelength of 700-1100nm from the light irradiated by the sun 6 to the tower collector 3. The tower collector 3 absorbs the heat of the sunlight and transfers the heat to the energy storage module 2. The energy storage module 2 transfers the heat to the power generation module 1, and the power generation module 1 uses the heat to generate electricity.

[0049] In the photovoltaic power generation process, the selective reflector 41 transmits another part of the light with a wavelength of 400-700nm from the sun 6 to the photovoltaic cell 44 to generate electricity. The central controller controls the opening and closing of the electric baffle and the water pump 47 to meet the use requirements of different working conditions.

[0050] The embodiment of the present invention can meet the requirements of multiple working conditions in photovoltaic thermal power generation, such as heat storage, heat storage power generation, defrosting and defocusing, and improve power generation efficiency by disposing the selective reflector 41, air interlayer 43, photovoltaic cell 44, fin heat sink 45 and water storage tank 46 in the heliostat assembly.

[0051] Through the setting of the selective reflector 41, a part of the sunlight is reflected to the tower collector 3, and the tower collector 3 transfers the heat to the power generation module 1 through the energy storage module 2, and the power generation module 1 generates electricity. The other part of the sunlight enters the photovoltaic cell 44 to generate electricity, thereby realizing the frequency division utilization of solar energy and improving the power generation efficiency.

[0052] Integrating the photovoltaic cell 44 and the selective reflector 41 reduces the floor space of the photovoltaic thermal power generation system, saves investment in some brackets, and reduces construction costs.

[0053] The heat generated by photovoltaic power generation during the day is stored through water working medium. By pumping the water working medium to the loop cavity 42, the temperature of the selective reflector 41 in the heliostat assembly is maintained at night, thereby reducing the occurrence of frosting, avoiding the impact of frosting on the start-up time of the solar thermal power station, and improving the power generation of the solar thermal power station.

[0054] The tower collector 3 is separated from the photovoltaic cell 44 to reduce the temperature rise of the photovoltaic cell 44 and extend the service life of the photovoltaic cell 44.

[0055] The preferred implementations of the various components of this embodiment are described in detail below.

[0056] In a possible implementation, the coating includes, from bottom to top, a silicon dioxide coating, a titanium dioxide coating, a niobium oxide coating, and a zirconium oxide coating.

[0057] In this embodiment, the coating is used for the transmission and reflection of sunlight. The coating method of the selective reflector 43 is as follows: the bottom layer is silicon dioxide, and the thickness is generally between 100 and 200 nanometers, which is used to improve the transmittance and reduce the reflection loss of light; the middle layer is titanium dioxide and, with a thickness of 50 to 100 nanometers, which is used to increase the reflectivity and enhance the selectivity of light; the upper layer is a multilayer structure of alternating stacked niobium oxide and zirconium oxide, and the thickness of each layer is 80 to 150 nanometers, which can realize the reflection of light in a specific wavelength range, while transmitting light of other wavelengths.

[0058] In a possible implementation, a spoiler 7 is provided in the air interlayer 43, and the spoiler 7 is arranged in parallel with the electric baffle of the air interlayer 43. The spoiler 7 and the two corresponding side walls of the U-shaped structure 4 form a passage for the water medium to enter the air interlayer 43, so as to increase the flow path of the water medium in the air interlayer 43 and improve the heat absorption efficiency. Figure 4 shown.

[0059] In this embodiment, the spoiler 7 and the side walls of the U-shaped structure 4 located on both sides of the spoiler 7 form a passage, so that when the water medium enters the air interlayer 43, it needs to go around the electric baffle at the first channel 481 to the two ends of the spoiler 7 and then flow out through the electric baffle at the second channel 482, thereby preventing the water medium from directly passing through the air interlayer 43 in a straight line through the two electric baffles, thereby increasing the flow path of the water medium in the air interlayer 43, increasing the residence time of the water medium in the air interlayer 43, and increasing the heat absorbed by the water medium per unit volume.

[0060] In another possible embodiment, there are multiple spoilers 7, and the spoilers 7 are all movably arranged in the air layer 43. Two adjacent spoilers 7 contact different side walls of the U-shaped structure 4 to form a serpentine channel, thereby extending the flow path of the water medium in the air layer 43 and improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0061] In this embodiment, the spoilers 7 are staggered to increase the path of the water medium in the air interlayer 43, prolong the time the water medium stays in the air interlayer 43, increase the amount of heat absorbed by the water medium per unit volume, and improve the heat exchange efficiency.

[0062] Through the above two different implementations, the spoiler 7 presents different shapes in the air layer 43, adjusts the path of the water medium in the air layer 43, and changes the amount of heat obtained by the unit volume of the water medium per unit time to meet different heat exchange requirements.

[0063] In a possible implementation manner, temperature sensors are provided in both the meandering cavity 42 and the water storage tank 46 for measuring the temperature of the water medium in the meandering cavity 42 and the water storage tank 46 .

[0064] In another possible implementation, the temperature of the water medium in the meander cavity 42 and the water storage tank 46 is acquired by an infrared sensor.

[0065] In the above two embodiments, the temperature of the water working medium is obtained by different means to meet different usage requirements.

[0066] In a possible implementation manner, thermal conductive silicone grease is provided between the photovoltaic cell 44 and the fin heat sink 45 .

[0067] In this embodiment, thermal conductive silicone grease is used between the photovoltaic cell 44 and the fin heat sink 45 mainly to improve the efficiency of heat energy transfer from the photovoltaic cell 44 to the fin heat sink 45 .

[0068] In a possible implementation, the inner wall of the water storage tank 46 is paved with a heat-insulating layer.

[0069] In this embodiment, the insulation layer is laid on the inner wall of the water tank 46 to insulate the water medium in the water tank 46 and reduce the heat loss of the water medium in the water tank 46. The insulation layer can be made of materials with low thermal conductivity and weak ability to conduct heat to keep the water medium warm.

[0070] In a possible implementation, the system further includes a support plate, an adjustment mechanism is provided on the top of the bracket, a support plate is provided on the top of the adjustment mechanism, and a U-shaped structure 4 is provided on the top of the support plate;

[0071] The central controller is electrically connected to the adjustment mechanism, and the central controller adjusts the angle of the U-shaped structure 4 toward the sunlight through the adjustment mechanism.

[0072] In this embodiment, the adjustment mechanism can adopt existing technology, as long as it can drive the U-shaped structure 4 to rotate through the support plate, adjust the angle of the U-shaped structure 4 toward the sunlight, and reflect the sunlight onto the tower collector 3. This structure is not the innovation point of the present invention and will not be repeated here.

[0073] The central controller controls the rotation angle of the adjustment mechanism to drive the support plate and the U-shaped structure 4 to rotate, thereby adjusting the angle of the U-shaped structure 4 so that the U-shaped structure 4 can reflect sunlight onto the tower collector 3 .

[0074] In this embodiment, the central controller adjusts the angle of the U-shaped structure 4 toward the sun 6 by controlling the regulating mechanism to meet the use requirements of the sunlight irradiation angle of the sun 6 in different seasons and different geographical locations.

[0075] In a possible implementation manner, the working medium is black working medium.

[0076] In this embodiment, the black water medium is used to absorb the heat of sunlight. Black objects absorb all wavelengths of light, including visible light and infrared light. This means that black water hardly reflects any light, but instead converts the received sunlight energy into heat energy. Since black water absorbs more light energy and converts the absorbed energy into heat energy, it will heat up faster, thereby improving the heat storage efficiency.

[0077] In the actual use of the solar-thermal-photovoltaic integrated power generation system for multiple working conditions of the present application, the selective reflector 41 will be frosted in winter, affecting the normal focusing efficiency of the mirror field. At this time, it is necessary to use the heat of the water working medium to defrost the selective reflector 41. When the water working medium heat storage capacity in the water storage tank 46 is insufficient, it is necessary to increase the water working medium heat storage capacity of the water storage tank 46. The water working medium in the water storage tank 46 stores heat in preparation for subsequently increasing the temperature of the selective reflector 41 and defrosting the selective reflector 41. When the water working medium stores heat, the use status of the photovoltaic cell 44 includes two conditions: normal use and failure.

[0078] Furthermore, during the operation of the system, the tower collector 3 easily absorbs too much sunlight, causing the surface temperature of the tower collector 3 to be too high, thus affecting the performance of the equipment.

[0079] The present invention also provides a control method for a multi-operating-state solar-thermal-photovoltaic integrated power generation system. Figure 5 As shown, including:

[0080] Step 500: Determine the type of working condition, and determine the type of working condition.

[0081] Determine the type of working condition and then run the corresponding working condition.

[0082] In actual use, there may be one working condition, such as the four working conditions described below; there may also be two working conditions occurring at the same time, such as the working conditions of heat storage and defocusing. Since the water working medium flows into the air interlayer 43 during heat storage, and flows into the serpentine cavity 42 during defocusing, the water working medium is in different layers, so the two working conditions will not interfere with each other.

[0083] The determination of the type of working condition belongs to the prior art. It is sufficient as long as it can be determined that there are several working conditions. It is not the innovation point of the present invention and will not be elaborated here.

[0084] Step 501: When in the first operating condition, the water medium in the water tank 46 has insufficient heat storage and the photovoltaic cell 44 fails, the two electric baffles of the air interlayer 43 are controlled to be in an open state to connect the water tank 46, the first channel 481, the air interlayer 43 and the second channel 482, and the water pump 47 is controlled to be in an open state; wherein, the water medium in the water tank 46 is pumped to the air interlayer 43 through the first channel 481 by the water pump 47, and the sunlight through the selective reflector 41 is irradiated to the water medium, and the heat of the sunlight is absorbed by the water medium, and the water medium flows back to the water tank 46 through the second channel 482 to store heat.

[0085] By controlling the two electric dampers of the air interlayer 43 to be in an open state, the water working medium flows through the air interlayer 43 while absorbing the heat of the sunlight passing through the selective reflector 41 to store heat.

[0086] For ease of description, Figure 2-4 As shown, the electric baffle of the serpentine cavity 42 is recorded as a first electric baffle 491 , the electric baffle of the air interlayer 43 is recorded as a second electric baffle 492 , and the electric baffle of the fin heat sink 45 is recorded as a third electric baffle 493 .

[0087] In the initial state, the first electric baffle 491 , the second electric baffle 492 , and the third electric baffle 493 are closed, and the serpentine cavity 42 , the air interlayer 43 , and the fin heat sink 45 are respectively blocked from the first channel 481 and the second channel 482 .

[0088] The central controller controls the two second electric baffles 492, so that the water tank 46 is connected to the air layer 43 through the first channel 481 and the second channel 482 respectively, and the water medium in the water tank 46 is pumped to the air layer 43 through the first channel 481 by the water pump 47. The sunlight through the selective reflector 41 irradiates the water medium, the water medium absorbs the heat of the sunlight, and the water medium flows back to the water tank 46 through the second channel 482.

[0089] Step 502: When in the second working condition, when heat is stored and electricity is generated at the same time, the two electric plates of the fin radiator 45 are controlled to be in an open state to connect the water tank 46, the first channel 481, the fin radiator 45 and the second channel 482, and the water pump 47 is controlled to be in an open state; wherein, the water medium in the water tank 46 is pumped into the gap of the fin radiator 45 through the first channel 481 by the water pump 47, and the sunlight is irradiated to the photovoltaic cell 44 through the selective reflector 41, and electricity is generated and heat is generated by the photovoltaic cell 44, and the heat is transferred to the water medium by the fin radiator 45, and the water medium is made to flow back to the water tank 46 through the second channel 482.

[0090] The photovoltaic cell 44 transmits the heat generated during power generation to the fin radiator 45. By controlling the two electric plates of the fin radiator 45 to be in an open state, the water medium flows through the gap of the fin radiator 45 while absorbing the heat of the fin radiator 45, so that the water medium can store heat.

[0091] The central controller adjusts the two third electric baffles 493 to connect the water tank 46 to the fin radiator 45 through the first channel 481 and the second channel 482 respectively, and utilizes the water pump 47 to pump the water medium in the water tank 46 to the gap of the fin radiator 45 through the first channel 481. At this time, the light with a wavelength of 400-700nm in the sunlight is irradiated to the photovoltaic cell 44 through the selective reflector 41. The photovoltaic cell 44 generates heat while generating electricity, which is transmitted to the water medium through the fin radiator 45, thereby increasing the heat exchange area and improving the heat exchange efficiency. The water medium flows back to the water tank 46 through the second channel 482.

[0092] Step 503: When in the third working condition and the selective reflector 41 is frosted, the two electric plates of the circular cavity 42 are controlled to be in an open state to connect the water tank 46, the first channel 481, the circular cavity 42 and the second channel 482, and the water pump 47 is controlled to be in an open state; wherein, the water medium in the water tank 46 is pumped to the circular cavity 42 through the first channel 481 by the water pump 47, and the selective reflector 41 is heated by the water medium to increase the temperature of the selective reflector 41, and the water medium is made to flow back to the water tank 46 through the second channel 482.

[0093] The two electric plates of the meandering cavity 42 are controlled to be in an on state, and the water pump 47 is controlled to be in an on state, so that the water medium flows through the meandering cavity 42 and transfers heat to the selective reflector 41 to increase the temperature of the selective reflector 41 and defrost the selective reflector 41.

[0094] The central controller controls the two first electric baffles 491, so that the water tank 46 is connected to the circular cavity 42 through the first channel 481 and the second channel 482, and the water medium in the water tank 46 is pumped to the circular cavity 42 through the first channel 481 by the water pump 47. The water medium heats the selective reflector 41 to increase the temperature of the selective reflector 41 to avoid frost on the surface of the selective reflector 41, and the water medium flows back to the water tank 46 through the second channel 482.

[0095] For the above three working conditions, in another possible implementation, before the water medium flows into the air interlayer 43, the fin heat sink 45 and the circular cavity 42, the electric baffle close to the second channel 482 is closed, that is, the second channel 482 is disconnected from the corresponding layer, so that the water medium stays in the corresponding layer. After the water medium has been in the corresponding layer for a preset time, the electric baffle at the second channel 482 is opened, and the corresponding layer is connected to the second channel 482, so that the water medium flows back to the water storage tank 46 to meet different usage requirements.

[0096] Step 504: When in the fourth operating condition and the tower collector 3 is overheated, the two electric plates of the meandering cavity 42 are controlled to be in an open state to connect the water tank 46, the first channel 481, the meandering cavity 42 and the second channel 482, and the water pump 47 is controlled to be in an open state, and the opening and closing degree of the two electric plates of the meandering cavity 42 is controlled to adjust the flow rate of the water medium in the meandering cavity 42 and change the temperature of the selective reflector 41; wherein, the water medium in the water tank 46 is pumped from the first channel 481 to the meandering cavity 42 by the water pump 47, and the water medium flows back to the water tank 46 through the second channel 482.

[0097] The two electric plates of the meandering cavity 42 are controlled to be in an open state, and the water pump 47 is controlled to be in an open state, so that the water medium flows through the meandering cavity 42, and the opening and closing degree of the two electric plates of the meandering cavity 42 is controlled to adjust the flow rate of the water medium to increase the temperature of the selective reflector 41, increase the transmittance of the selective reflector 41, reduce the amount of sunlight reflected by the selective reflector 41 to the tower collector 3, and reduce the temperature of the tower collector 3.

[0098] The central controller controls the two first electric baffles 491, so that the water tank 46 is connected to the circular cavity 42 through the first channel 481 and the second channel 482 respectively, and the water medium in the water tank 46 is pumped from the first channel 481 to the circular cavity 42 through the water pump 47, and the water medium flows back to the water tank 46 through the second channel 482. By adjusting the flow rate of the water medium, the temperature of the selective reflector 41 is increased, and the transmittance of the selective reflector 41 is increased, so as to reduce the sunlight absorbed by the tower collector 3 and reduce the temperature of the tower collector 3.

[0099] In a possible implementation, controlling the opening and closing degree of the two electric plates of the meandering cavity 42 to adjust the flow rate of the water medium in the meandering cavity 42 and change the temperature of the selective reflector 41 includes:

[0100] Obtaining the water working medium temperature in the zigzag cavity 42, the water working medium temperature in the water storage tank 46, and the target temperature of the selective reflector 41;

[0101] According to the water medium temperature in the meandering cavity 42, the water medium temperature in the water storage tank 46 and the target temperature of the selective reflector 41, the PID control strategy is used to adjust the opening and closing degree of the electric plate of the meandering cavity 42 to adjust the flow rate of the water medium entering the meandering cavity 42 and change the temperature of the selective reflector 41.

[0102] The degree of opening and closing of the electric baffle determines the size of the passage when the water medium flows. The more the electric baffle is opened, the larger the passage when the water medium flows, the more water medium passes through per unit time, and the more heat the water medium transfers to the selective reflector 41, so that the temperature of the selective reflector 41 is adjusted faster.

[0103] The PID control strategy is used to monitor the water medium temperature in the meandering cavity 42 and the water medium temperature in the water storage tank 46 in real time, and to adjust the opening and closing degree of the electric plate of the meandering cavity 42 in real time, so as to adjust the rate at which the water medium flows into the meandering cavity 42 in real time, thereby ensuring that the selective reflector 41 can maintain the required temperature under constantly changing conditions.

[0104] This embodiment can meet the requirements of multiple working conditions in photovoltaic thermal power generation, such as heat storage, heat storage power generation, defrosting and defocusing, by setting up the selective reflector 41, air interlayer 43, photovoltaic cell 44, fin heat sink 45 and water storage tank 46 in the heliostat assembly, thereby improving the power generation efficiency.

[0105] Through the setting of the selective reflector 41, a part of the sunlight is reflected to the tower collector 3, and the tower collector 3 transfers the heat to the power generation module 1 through the energy storage module 2, and the power generation module 1 generates electricity. The other part of the sunlight enters the photovoltaic cell 44 to generate electricity, thereby realizing the frequency division utilization of solar energy and improving the power generation efficiency.

[0106] Integrating the photovoltaic cell 44 and the selective reflector 41 reduces the floor space of the photovoltaic thermal power generation system, saves investment in some brackets, and reduces construction costs.

[0107] The heat generated by photovoltaic power generation during the day is stored through water working medium. By pumping the water working medium to the loop cavity 42, the temperature of the selective reflector 41 in the heliostat assembly is maintained at night, thereby reducing the occurrence of frosting, avoiding the impact of frosting on the start-up time of the solar thermal power station, and improving the power generation of the solar thermal power station.

[0108] The tower collector 3 is separated from the photovoltaic cell 44 to reduce the temperature rise of the photovoltaic cell 44 and extend the service life of the photovoltaic cell 44.

[0109] It should be understood that the order of execution of the steps in the above embodiment does not necessarily mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0110] The following is an embodiment of the device of the present invention. For details not described in detail, reference may be made to the corresponding method embodiments described above.

[0111] Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the structure of the integrated photovoltaic power generation device for multiple working conditions provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown. For the convenience of explanation, only the part related to the embodiment of the present invention is shown, which is described in detail as follows:

[0112] like Figure 6 As shown, the integrated photothermal and photovoltaic power generation device 8 for multiple working conditions includes:

[0113] The working condition determination module 80 is used to determine the type of working condition;

[0114] The first working condition control module 81 is used to control the two electric dampers of the air interlayer 43 to be in an open state when the water working medium in the water storage tank 46 is in the first working condition and the photovoltaic cell 44 fails, so as to connect the water storage tank 46, the first channel 481, the air interlayer 43 and the second channel 482, and control the water pump 47 to be in an open state; wherein the water working medium in the water storage tank 46 is pumped to the air interlayer 43 through the first channel 481 by the water pump 47, and the sunlight through the selective reflector 41 is irradiated to the water working medium, and the heat of the sunlight is absorbed by the water working medium, and the water working medium is made to flow back to the water storage tank 46 through the second channel 482 to store heat;

[0115] The second working condition control module 82 is used to control the two electric plates of the fin radiator 45 to be in an open state when in the second working condition, storing heat and generating electricity at the same time, so as to connect the water storage tank 46, the first channel 481, the fin radiator 45 and the second channel 482, and control the water pump 47 to be in an open state; wherein, the water working medium in the water storage tank 46 is pumped into the gap of the fin radiator 45 through the first channel 481 by the water pump 47, and the sunlight through the selective reflector 41 is irradiated to the photovoltaic cell 44, and the photovoltaic cell 44 generates electricity and heat, and the heat is transferred to the water working medium by the fin radiator 45, and the water working medium is made to flow back to the water storage tank 46 through the second channel 482;

[0116] The third working condition control module 83 is used for controlling the two electric plates of the cycloidal cavity 42 to be in an open state when the selective reflector 41 is frosted in the third working condition, so as to connect the water storage tank 46, the first channel 481, the cycloidal cavity 42 and the second channel 482, and controlling the water pump 47 to be in an open state; wherein the water working medium in the water storage tank 46 is pumped to the cycloidal cavity 42 through the first channel 481 by the water pump 47, and the selective reflector 41 is heated by the water working medium to increase the temperature of the selective reflector 41, and the water working medium is made to flow back to the water storage tank 46 through the second channel 482;

[0117] The fourth operating condition control module 84 is used to control the two electric plates of the meandering cavity 42 to be in an open state when the tower collector 3 is in the fourth operating condition and overheated, so as to connect the water tank 46, the first channel 481, the meandering cavity 42 and the second channel 482, and control the water pump 47 to be in an open state, control the opening and closing degree of the two electric plates of the meandering cavity 42 to adjust the flow rate of the water medium in the meandering cavity 42 and change the temperature of the selective reflector 41; wherein, the water medium in the water tank 46 is pumped from the first channel 481 to the meandering cavity 42 by the water pump 47, and the water medium flows back to the water tank 46 through the second channel 482.

[0118] The embodiment of the present invention can meet the requirements of multiple working conditions in photovoltaic thermal power generation, such as heat storage, heat storage power generation, defrosting and defocusing, and improve power generation efficiency by disposing the selective reflector 41, air interlayer 43, photovoltaic cell 44, fin heat sink 45 and water storage tank 46 in the heliostat assembly.

[0119] Through the setting of the selective reflector 41, a part of the sunlight is reflected to the tower collector 3, and the tower collector 3 transfers the heat to the power generation module 1 through the energy storage module 2, and the power generation module 1 generates electricity. The other part of the sunlight enters the photovoltaic cell 44 to generate electricity, thereby realizing the frequency division utilization of solar energy and improving the power generation efficiency.

[0120] Integrating the photovoltaic cell 44 and the selective reflector 41 reduces the floor space of the photovoltaic thermal power generation system, saves investment in some brackets, and reduces construction costs.

[0121] The heat generated by photovoltaic power generation during the day is stored through water working medium. By pumping the water working medium to the loop cavity 42, the temperature of the selective reflector 41 in the heliostat assembly is maintained at night, thereby reducing the occurrence of frosting, avoiding the impact of frosting on the start-up time of the solar thermal power station, and improving the power generation of the solar thermal power station.

[0122] The tower collector 3 is separated from the photovoltaic cell 44 to reduce the temperature rise of the photovoltaic cell 44 and extend the service life of the photovoltaic cell 44.

[0123] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described or recorded in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0124] Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the templates, units, and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of the present invention.

[0125] If the module / unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the present invention implements all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment method, and can also be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it can implement the steps of the above-mentioned control method embodiments for the integrated photovoltaic power generation system for multiple working conditions. Among them, the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code can be in source code form, object code form, executable file or some intermediate form. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device that can carry the computer program code, recording medium, U disk, mobile hard disk, disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory, random access memory, electrical carrier signal, telecommunication signal and software distribution medium.

[0126] The embodiments described above are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. Such modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solar-thermal-photovoltaic integrated power generation system for multiple working conditions, characterized in that: include: A central controller, a heliostat assembly, a power generation module, an energy storage module and a tower collector connected in sequence; the heliostat assembly comprises a U-shaped structure and a bracket, the light-facing surface of the U-shaped structure is tilted toward the tower collector to reflect sunlight to the tower collector, a selective reflector, an air interlayer, a photovoltaic cell, a fin radiator and a water storage tank are arranged in sequence from top to bottom inside the U-shaped structure, a coating is arranged on the selective reflector, and a round-shaped cavity is arranged around the selective reflector; a first channel and a second channel are respectively arranged along the inner wall on both sides of the U-shaped structure, the first channel is close to the tower collector, and the first channel and the second channel are connected to the round-shaped cavity, the air interlayer, the fin radiator and the water storage tank respectively; electric baffles corresponding to the first channel and the second channel are respectively arranged at both ends of the round-shaped cavity, the air interlayer and the fin radiator; a water pump and a water working medium are arranged in the water storage tank; the electric baffle, the water pump, the power generation module, the energy storage module and the tower collector are communicatively connected with the central controller.

2. The integrated solar-thermal-photovoltaic power generation system for multiple working conditions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The coatings include silicon dioxide coating, titanium dioxide coating, niobium oxide coating and zirconium oxide coating from bottom to top.

3. The photovoltaic integrated power generation system for multiple working conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spoiler is provided in the air interlayer, and the spoiler is arranged in parallel with the electric baffle of the air interlayer. The spoiler and the two corresponding side walls of the U-shaped structure form passages for the water medium to enter the air interlayer, so as to increase the flow path of the water medium in the air interlayer.

4. The integrated photovoltaic power generation system for multiple working conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: Thermal conductive silicone grease is provided between the photovoltaic cell and the fin heat sink.

5. The integrated solar-thermal-photovoltaic power generation system for multiple working conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the water storage tank is paved with a heat-insulating layer.

6. The integrated photovoltaic power generation system for multiple working conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system further comprises a support plate, an adjustment mechanism is provided on the top of the support, the support plate is provided on the top of the adjustment mechanism, and the U-shaped structure is provided on the top of the support plate; The central controller is electrically connected to the adjusting mechanism, and the central controller adjusts the angle of the U-shaped structure toward the sunlight through the adjusting mechanism.

7. The integrated solar-thermal-photovoltaic power generation system for multiple working conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water working medium is black water working medium.

8. The control method for a multi-operating-condition integrated photovoltaic power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: Determine the type of working condition; When the water medium in the water storage tank has insufficient heat storage and the photovoltaic cell fails, the two electric dampers of the air interlayer are controlled to be in an open state to connect the water storage tank, the first channel, the air interlayer and the second channel, and the water pump is controlled to be in an open state; wherein the water medium in the water storage tank is pumped to the air interlayer through the first channel by the water pump, the sunlight through the selective reflector is irradiated to the water medium, the heat of the sunlight is absorbed by the water medium, and the water medium is made to flow back to the water storage tank through the second channel to store heat; When in the second working condition, when heat is stored and electricity is generated at the same time, the two electric plates of the fin radiator are controlled to be in an open state to connect the water storage tank, the first channel, the fin radiator and the second channel, and the water pump is controlled to be in an open state; wherein, the water working medium in the water storage tank is pumped into the gap of the fin radiator through the first channel by the water pump, and the sunlight through the selective reflector is irradiated to the photovoltaic cell, and electricity is generated and heat is generated by the photovoltaic cell, and the heat is transferred to the water working medium by the fin radiator, and the water working medium is made to flow back to the water storage tank through the second channel; When the selective reflector is in the third working condition and frosting occurs, the two electric plates of the cycloidal cavity are controlled to be in an open state to connect the water storage tank, the first channel, the cycloidal cavity and the second channel, and the water pump is controlled to be in an open state; wherein the water working medium in the water storage tank is pumped to the cycloidal cavity through the first channel by the water pump, the selective reflector is heated by the water working medium to increase the temperature of the selective reflector, and the water working medium is made to flow back to the water storage tank through the second channel; When in the fourth working condition, when the tower collector is overheated, the two electric plates of the control cavity are in an open state to connect the water tank, the first channel, the circuit cavity and the second channel, and the water pump is controlled to be in an open state, and the opening and closing degree of the two electric plates of the circuit cavity is controlled to adjust the flow rate of the water medium in the circuit cavity and change the temperature of the selective reflector; wherein, the water medium in the water tank is pumped from the first channel to the circuit cavity by the water pump, and the water medium flows back to the water tank through the second channel.

9. The control method for a multi-operating-condition integrated photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The control of the opening and closing degree of the two electric plates of the zigzag cavity to adjust the flow rate of the water medium in the zigzag cavity and change the temperature of the selective reflector includes: Obtaining the water working medium temperature in the round-shaped cavity, the water working medium temperature in the water storage tank and the target temperature of the selective reflector; According to the water medium temperature in the zigzag cavity, the water medium temperature in the water storage tank and the target temperature of the selective reflector, the PID control strategy is used to adjust the opening and closing degree of the electric plate of the zigzag cavity to adjust the flow rate of the water medium entering the zigzag cavity and change the temperature of the selective reflector.

10. A photothermal photovoltaic integrated power generation device for multiple working conditions, characterized in that: include: A working condition judgment module is used to judge the type of working condition; The first working condition control module is used to control the two electric dampers of the air interlayer to be in an open state when the water working medium in the water storage tank has insufficient heat storage and the photovoltaic cell fails, so as to connect the water storage tank, the first channel, the air interlayer and the second channel, and control the water pump to be in an open state; wherein the water working medium in the water storage tank is pumped to the air interlayer through the first channel by the water pump, the sunlight through the selective reflector is irradiated to the water working medium, the heat of the sunlight is absorbed by the water working medium, and the water working medium is made to flow back to the water storage tank through the second channel to store heat; The second working condition control module is used to control the two electric plates of the fin radiator to be in an open state when in the second working condition, storing heat and generating electricity at the same time, so as to connect the water storage tank, the first channel, the fin radiator and the second channel, and control the water pump to be in an open state; wherein, the water working medium in the water storage tank is pumped into the gap of the fin radiator through the first channel by the water pump, and the sunlight through the selective reflector is irradiated to the photovoltaic cell, and the photovoltaic cell generates electricity and heat, and the heat is transferred to the water working medium by the fin radiator, and the water working medium is made to flow back to the water storage tank through the second channel; A third working condition control module is used for, when in the third working condition and the selective reflector is frosted, controlling the two electric plates of the cycloid cavity to be in an open state, so as to connect the water storage tank, the first channel, the cycloid cavity and the second channel, and controlling the water pump to be in an open state; wherein, the water working medium in the water storage tank is pumped to the cycloid cavity through the first channel by the water pump, the selective reflector is heated by the water working medium to increase the temperature of the selective reflector, and the water working medium is made to flow back to the water storage tank through the second channel; The fourth operating condition control module is used to control the two electric plates of the cycloidal cavity to be in an open state when the tower collector is in the fourth operating condition and overheated, so as to connect the water tank, the first channel, the cycloidal cavity and the second channel, and control the water pump to be in an open state, and control the opening and closing degree of the two electric plates of the cycloidal cavity to adjust the flow rate of the water medium in the cycloidal cavity and change the temperature of the selective reflector; wherein, the water medium in the water tank is pumped from the first channel to the cycloidal cavity by the water pump, and the water medium flows back to the water tank through the second channel.

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