Pretreatment-promoting device and method for fruits with waxy epidermis

Abstract

The invention discloses a pre-treatment promoting device and method for fruits with waxy epidermis, a cold plasma jet device is adopted to release jet cold plasma to an objective table, so that charge distribution on the waxy epidermis surface is changed by using a variable electric field and generated free radicals and free electrons in the discharge process of the jet cold plasma, and the waxy epidermis surface of the fruits is promoted to be pre-treated. Meanwhile, due to the etching effect of jet flow cold plasma treatment, wax on the epidermis of the fruits with wax on the epidermis is broken, a new moisture diffusion channel is formed, and therefore the diffusion rate and quality of the moisture of the fruits in the drying process are improved. The method is suitable for pre-treatment of fruits with waxy epidermis, has the advantages of rapid and efficient dehydration and drying and continuous drying promotion treatment of fruits, is simple and convenient to operate, mild in condition, green and safe, remarkable in drying promotion effect, high in treatment speed and more environment-friendly, gets rid of dependence of dipping and drying promotion by using a chemical drying promoter at present, and has a wide application prospect. The drying quality and the eating safety of the fruits with waxy epidermis are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of drying and processing of fruits with waxy epidermis, and in particular to a device and method for promoting the processing of fruits with waxy epidermis. Background Art

[0002] Fruits with waxy skin are common, such as wolfberry, grapes, etc. Epidermal wax covers the outermost layer of the fruit epidermal cells and is a hydrophobic substance that plays an important role in the growth, development and storage of plant fruits. Fruit drying is a common food industry technology, and the waxy layer on the surface of the fruit will hinder the diffusion of water, thereby slowing down the diffusion rate of water from the inside to the outside, greatly reducing the efficiency of fruit drying.

[0003] In order to reduce the drying time and accelerate the drying process, the water diffusion rate can be increased by destroying the wax layer covering the surface of the fruit, i.e. chemical pretreatment. Alkaline drying agents are often used to dissolve the wax layer and corrode the peel into many micropores to reduce the obstruction of the wax layer and increase the water migration channel. The main components of the drying agent are a mixture of sodium hydroxide, calcium carbonate (or potassium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate) and ethyl oleate, etc., which remain in the dried fruit and cause certain harm to the human respiratory and digestive systems (such as causing astringent and itchy throats). At the same time, how to deal with the highly corrosive drying agent waste liquid is also a thorny problem. In addition, since the drying agent will corrode the peel into many micropores, it will affect the quality of the dried product to a certain extent, making the product quality poor, uneven and unstable.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to develop a new drying technology for fruits with waxy skin to get rid of the current reliance on chemical drying accelerators for dipping and drying, and to improve the drying quality and edible safety of such fruits. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a drying accelerator treatment device and method for fruits with waxy skin, so as to get rid of the current dependence on the use of chemical drying accelerators for immersion and drying, improve the drying quality and edible safety of fruits with waxy skin, and thus solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a fruit growth promoting and treatment device having waxy epidermis, comprising:

[0008] Base;

[0009] A loading platform, which is arranged on the base through a connecting piece 1, and the loading platform is used to place the fruits to be processed;

[0010] A cold plasma jet device is arranged on the base through a second connecting piece, and is used to release jet cold plasma to the loading platform, so as to utilize the jet cold plasma to destroy the wax on the fruit skin and form a new water diffusion channel in the wax on the skin.

[0011] In some embodiments, the second connecting member includes a support frame and an adjustment component, the support frame is arranged on the top surface of the base, the adjustment component is arranged on the support frame, and the cold plasma jet device is arranged on the adjustment component; the adjustment component is a linear slide, a two-dimensional slide, a three-dimensional slide or a multi-degree-of-freedom robotic arm, and the adjustment component is used to adjust the spatial position of the cold plasma jet device relative to the stage.

[0012] In some embodiments, the support frame is a gantry structure, which is arranged across the top of the stage; the adjustment component is arranged on the top beam of the support frame, and the outlet of the cold plasma jet device faces the stage.

[0013] In some embodiments, the table top of the loading platform is a plane; or, a plurality of rotating rollers are arranged in parallel on the table top of the loading platform, both ends of any rotating roller are rotatably connected to the loading platform, and the ends of any rotating roller are connected to a rotating drive device, an installation gap is left between any two adjacent rotating rollers, and the width of the installation gap is smaller than the particle size of the fruit to be processed; the fruit to be processed can be placed between any two adjacent rotating rollers, and the rotating drive device is used to drive all the rotating rollers to rotate synchronously in the same direction, so as to drive the fruit to be processed to dynamically flip through the rotating rollers.

[0014] In some embodiments, the connecting member 1 is a linear slide, a two-dimensional slide, a three-dimensional slide or a multi-degree-of-freedom robotic arm, and the connecting member 1 is arranged on the top surface of the base to adjust the spatial position of the stage relative to the base.

[0015] In some embodiments, the waxy fruit epidermis growth promoting treatment device further includes a control system, which is disposed on the base and is used to control the operating state of at least one of the cold plasma jet device, the adjustment component, the connecting piece and the rotary drive device.

[0016] In some embodiments, the epidermal waxy fruit growth promoting treatment device further comprises a power interface, a control handle, a power control button, an emergency stop button and a reset button, and the control handle, the power control button, the emergency stop button and the reset button are all communicatively connected to the control system, wherein:

[0017] The control handle is communicatively connected with the control system and is used for remote control of the device;

[0018] The power master control button is arranged on the base and is used to control the device switch;

[0019] The emergency stop button is arranged on the base and is used to realize emergency stop control of the device;

[0020] The reset button is arranged on the base, and is used to realize one-touch reset of the device;

[0021] The power interface is arranged on the base and can be connected to a 220V-16A quick-connect power cord.

[0022] In some embodiments, the base is a box-type base, and movable panel frame surfaces are provided on the four sides of the box-type base. Ventilation holes are provided on a pair of oppositely arranged movable panel frame surfaces of the box-type base, and fences are installed at the ventilation holes.

[0023] In some embodiments, the waxy fruit epidermis growth promoting treatment device further comprises an air source, wherein the air source is connected to the cold plasma jet device via an air supply pipeline, and a gas pressure stabilizing and filtering device is provided on the air supply pipeline.

[0024] The present invention provides a method for treating fruits with waxy epidermis to promote growth, which is implemented by using the above-mentioned device for treating fruits with waxy epidermis to promote growth, comprising:

[0025] The cold plasma jet device is used to release jet cold plasma toward the loading platform, so as to utilize the radial flow cold plasma to destroy the epidermal wax of the fruit to be processed on the loading platform and form a new water diffusion channel on the epidermal wax.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0027] The device and method for promoting the drying of waxy fruits on the epidermis proposed by the present invention adopts a cold plasma jet device to release jet cold plasma to the stage, so as to change the surface charge distribution of the waxy fruit peel by utilizing the changing electric field and the generated free radicals and free electrons during the discharge of the jet cold plasma. At the same time, due to the etching effect of the jet cold plasma treatment, the epidermal wax of the waxy fruit on the epidermis is broken, forming a new water diffusion channel, thereby increasing the diffusion rate of the fruit water during the drying process. The above-mentioned fruit drying treatment device based on jet cold plasma is suitable for promoting the drying of waxy fruits on the epidermis, especially for the drying pretreatment of fruits with waxy layers on the epidermis and high water content. It has the advantages of rapid and efficient dehydration and drying of fruits and continuous promotion and drying treatment. It is also simple to operate, mild in conditions, green and safe, with high drying rate, fast processing speed, and more environmentally friendly. It gets rid of the current dependence on the use of chemical drying agents for impregnation and promotion, and improves the drying quality and edible safety of waxy fruits on the epidermis. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a front view of the fruit growth promoting and treating device with waxy epidermis disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a rear view of the fruit growth promoting treatment device with waxy epidermis disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 The transverse relaxation time T of water in wolfberry under different drying treatments 2 Impact analysis diagram;

[0032] Figure 4 This is an analysis diagram of the effects of different drying-promoting treatments on the transverse peak area of ​​water content in wolfberry;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a comparison of two-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging of wolfberry with different drying-promoting treatments;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a comparison chart of the effects of different drying-promoting treatments on the drying characteristics of wolfberry;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a comparison of the drying effects of wolfberry after different drying-promoting treatments;

[0036] Figure 8A comparison of the effects of different drying-promoting treatments on the microstructure of wolfberry (the inset in the upper right corner of each structure diagram in this figure is the water contact angle test result diagram);

[0037] Fig. 9 is the transverse relaxation time T of water in grapes under different drying treatments 2 Impact analysis diagram;

[0038] Fig.10 This is an analysis chart of the effects of different drying-promoting treatments on the transverse peak area of ​​water content in grapes;

[0039] Fig.11 This is a comparison chart of the effects of different drying-promoting treatments on the drying characteristics of grapes.

[0040] In the figure, the reference numerals are:

[0041] 100. Device for treating fruits with waxy epidermis;

[0042] 1. Base; 11. Movable panel frame surface; 12. Ventilation opening; 13. Fence; 14. Gas pressure stabilizing and filtering device;

[0043] 2. Stage;

[0044] 3. Cold plasma jet device;

[0045] 4. Connector 1;

[0046] 5. Connecting piece 2; 51. Support frame; 52. Adjustment assembly;

[0047] 6. Power interface;

[0048] 7. Control handle; 71. Control handle data interface;

[0049] 8. Power control button;

[0050] 9. Emergency stop button;

[0051] 10. Reset button. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a drying accelerator processing device for fruits with waxy skin, so as to get rid of the current dependence on the use of chemical drying accelerators for immersion and drying, and improve the drying quality and edible safety of such fruits.

[0054] Another object of the present invention is to propose a method for drying waxy fruits on the surface by using the above-mentioned drying accelerator to implement the drying accelerator of the fruit on the surface, so as to get rid of the current dependence on the use of chemical drying accelerators for immersion and drying, and improve the drying quality and edible safety of such fruits.

[0055] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0056] Example 1

[0057] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this embodiment provides a fruit promotion treatment device 100 with waxy epidermis, comprising a base 1, a loading platform 2 and a cold plasma jet device 3, the loading platform 2 is arranged on the base 1 through a connecting piece 1 4, and the loading platform 2 is used to place the fruit to be treated; the cold plasma jet device 3 is arranged on the base 1 through a connecting piece 2 5, and the cold plasma jet device 3 is used to release jet cold plasma to the loading platform 2, so as to destroy the fruit epidermis wax of the fruit to be treated on the loading platform 2 by using the jet cold plasma, and form a water diffusion channel in the epidermis wax. Jet plasma is a special form of plasma, which partially or completely ionizes the gas by injecting high-energy electrons, ions or neutral particles into the gas to generate a mixed particle beam of charged particles and neutral particles; this plasma propagates in the form of a jet, can be formed in an open space or a confined space, and has certain directionality and stability; cold plasma is a plasma in a thermodynamic non-equilibrium state, which has typical plasma properties, a high electron temperature, but a low overall temperature, even close to room temperature, so the cold plasma treatment process has high treatment efficiency and low energy consumption. Jet cold plasma is an emerging non-thermal treatment technology with the advantages of high efficiency, safety, greenness, and energy saving. It shows great potential for improving drying efficiency in the process of food drying. During the discharge of jet cold plasma, the changing electric field and the generated free radicals and free electrons can change the surface charge distribution of the waxy peel. At the same time, due to the etching effect of the jet cold plasma treatment, the waxy peel of the waxy fruit is broken, forming a new water diffusion channel, thereby increasing the diffusion rate of the fruit water during the drying process. The above-mentioned epidermis waxy fruit pretreatment device 100 is suitable for fruit pretreatment, especially for the pretreatment of fruits with waxy layers on the epidermis and high water content. It has the advantages of rapid and efficient dehydration and drying of fruits and continuous drying and drying treatment, and is easy to operate, mild conditions, green and safe, high drying rate, fast processing speed, more friendly to the environment, and gets rid of the current dependence on the use of chemical drying agents for impregnation and drying, and improves the drying quality and edible safety of epidermis waxy fruits. Among them, the cold plasma jet device is a mature cold plasma generating device, and the specific structural design and working principle are not repeated here.

[0058] In some embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the second connector 5 includes a support frame 51 and an adjustment component 52, the support frame 51 is arranged on the top surface of the base 1, the adjustment component 52 is arranged on the support frame 51, and the cold plasma jet device 3 is arranged on the adjustment component 52; the adjustment component 52 is a linear slide, a two-dimensional slide, a three-dimensional slide or a multi-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm, and the adjustment component 52 is used to adjust the spatial position of the cold plasma jet device 3 relative to the stage 2. The above-mentioned linear slide, two-dimensional slide, three-dimensional slide and multi-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm are all common adjustment components, and the specific structure and working principle are not repeated here.

[0059] In some specific embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the support frame 51 is a gantry structure, which is arranged across the top of the loading platform 2, and the adjustment component 52 is arranged on the top beam of the support frame 51; the adjustment component 52 preferably adopts a two-dimensional slide, which can drive the cold plasma jet device 3 to slide along the top beam of the support frame 51 and drive the cold plasma jet device 3 to rise and fall relative to the loading platform 2, and the outlet of the cold plasma jet device 3 is vertically toward the loading platform 2. The two-dimensional slide can adjust the distance between the outlet of the cold plasma jet device 3 and the fruit to be processed on the loading platform 2.

[0060] In some embodiments, the table top of the loading platform 2 is a dynamic structure, that is, a plurality of rotating rollers are arranged in parallel on it, both ends of any rotating roller are rotatably connected to the loading platform 2, and the ends of any rotating roller are connected to the rotating drive device, and an installation gap is left between any two adjacent rotating rollers, and the width of the installation gap is smaller than the particle size of the fruit to be processed; the fruit to be processed can be placed between any two adjacent rotating rollers, and the rotating drive device is used to drive all the rotating rollers to rotate synchronously in the same direction, so as to drive the fruit to be processed to dynamically flip through the rotating rollers, so that the surface of the fruit is evenly processed, which is beneficial to improving the drying quality and quality consistency of the fruit. Among them, there are many forms of setting the rotary drive device. The rotary drive device can be a motor, and each rotary roller can be respectively equipped with a motor; or, the rotary drive device is a set of belt drive or chain drive system. Taking chain drive as an example, a driven gear is installed at the end of each rotary roller, and the chain is tightened in a closed loop on the driving gear and the driven gear of each rotary roller, and meshes with each gear. The motor drives the driving gear to rotate, which can drive the chain in a closed loop, and then drive each rotary roller to rotate. The above-mentioned belt drive or chain drive system is a mature driving mechanism, and the specific working principle is not repeated here. It should be noted that the gap width of the rotary rollers on the stage 2 can be flexibly adjusted according to fruits of different sizes to adapt to the particle size of fruits with waxy skin; the gap width adjustment method can be manual adjustment, and a related structure can also be set for mechanical automation adjustment. For details, refer to the existing noodle machine conveyor roller, which will not be repeated here.

[0061] In some embodiments, the connecting member 14 is a linear slide, a two-dimensional slide, a three-dimensional slide or a multi-degree-of-freedom robotic arm, and the connecting member 14 is disposed on the top surface of the base 1 to adjust the spatial position of the stage 2 relative to the base 1. The above-mentioned linear slide, two-dimensional slide, three-dimensional slide and multi-degree-of-freedom robotic arm are all common adjustment components, and their specific structures and working principles are not repeated here.

[0062] In some embodiments, the adjustment component 52 preferably adopts a two-dimensional slide, which can drive the stage 2 to move forward, backward, left and right relative to the base 1. The stage 2 is always arranged horizontally to ensure that the outlet of the cold plasma jet device 3 is vertically facing the stage 2.

[0063] In some embodiments, the epidermal waxy fruit growth promoting treatment device 100 further includes a control system, which is disposed on the base 1 and is used to control the operating state of at least one of the cold plasma jet device 3, the adjustment component 52, the connector 4, and the rotary drive device. Generally, the cold plasma jet device 3, the adjustment component 52, the connector 4, and the rotary drive device are all communicatively connected to the control system.

[0064] In some embodiments, the epidermis waxy fruit promotion treatment device 100 also includes a power interface 6, a control handle 7, a power master control button 8, an emergency stop button 9 and a reset button 10, and the control handle 7, the power master control button 8, the emergency stop button 9 and the reset button 10 are all connected to the control system, and each electrical device is electrically connected to the power interface 6. Among them, the power master control button 8 is arranged on the base 1, which serves as the main switch power supply to control the opening and closing of the entire device; the emergency stop button 9 is arranged on the base 1, which is used to realize the emergency shutdown control of the entire device; the reset button 10 is arranged on the base 1, which is used to realize the one-key reset of the entire device, so that the stage 2 and the cold plasma jet device 3 are driven by the corresponding slide to restore the initial position state; the power interface 6 is arranged on the base 1, and can be connected to a 220V~16A quick-connect power cord. A control handle data interface 71 is arranged on the base 1, and the control handle data interface is connected to the control system, and the control handle 7 can be connected to the control handle data interface through a data line. The control handle 7 can also be used to control the start and stop and running state of the device.

[0065] In some embodiments, the base 1 is a box-type base, and the control system can be installed in the box-type base. The four sides of the box-type base are provided with movable panel frame surfaces 11, and a pair of oppositely arranged movable panel frame surfaces 11 of the box-type base are provided with ventilation openings 12, and fences 13 are installed at the ventilation openings 12 to isolate dust.

[0066] In some embodiments, the epidermal waxy fruit growth promoting treatment device 100 is further configured with an air source, which is connected to the cold plasma jet device 3 through an air supply pipeline to provide a certain pressure of gas to the cold plasma jet device 3; the above-mentioned air supply pipeline is provided with a gas pressure stabilizing filter device 14, which can decompress, filter and separate oil mist before the gas enters the cold plasma jet device 3, so as to improve the operation reliability of the cold plasma jet device 3. The gas pressure stabilizing filter device 14 is a mature equipment product, and its specific structure and working principle are not repeated here.

[0067] In some embodiments, a mobile power source may be installed in the box-type base to power the entire device.

[0068] In some embodiments, supports or moving wheels may be provided at the four bottom corners of the base 1 .

[0069] The method for treating waxy fruit on the epidermis implemented by the above-mentioned waxy fruit on the epidermis treating device mainly comprises the following steps: using the cold plasma jet device 3 to release jet cold plasma to the stage 2, so as to destroy the epidermal wax of the fruit to be treated on the stage 2 by using the radiant cold plasma, and forming a new water diffusion channel in the epidermal wax. The effect of the waxy fruit on the epidermis treating method of this embodiment is verified and explained in combination with specific examples and comparative examples:

[0070] 1. The fruit to be processed is wolfberry

[0071] Step 1: Use the waxy fruit epidermal growth promoting treatment device 100, place the selected and cleaned fresh wolfberries on the stage 2, adjust the outlet of the cold plasma jet device 3 to 4 cm to 6 cm away from the wolfberry sample, the cold plasma jet device 3 generates a power of 500 W to 700 W, the air source pressure is 0.4 MPa to 0.6 MPa, and the drying treatment time is 40 s to 60 s.

[0072] Step 2: Place the processed wolfberry samples into a semi-open air source heat pump drying room, set the drying temperature at 40°C to 60°C and the humidity at 25% to 40% for drying.

[0073] 1. Effects of different growth-promoting treatments on water distribution in wolfberry

[0074] The above-mentioned treatment method for promoting the growth of waxy fruit skin was compared with the traditional alkali solution soaking (10% NaHCO 3 ) on the water distribution in wolfberry Figure 3 and 4 As shown, the relaxation peaks from left to right represent the three main water components in wolfberry: bound water (T 21 , 0.01~10ms), not suitable for flowing water (T22 , 10~100ms), free water (T 23 , 100~1000ms and T 24 , 1000~10000ms). Each relaxation peak area is marked as A 21 , A 22 , A 23 and A 24 As shown in the figure, the water content in fresh wolfberry is mainly free water, and the water content accounts for a high proportion. 2 The relaxation peak drifted significantly to the left, proving that the active chemical species in the plasma helped to break the hydrogen bonds between water molecules, reduce the interaction between water molecules, and transform the bound water into free water that is more easily evaporated, effectively changing the mobility of water in wolfberry. 24 Peak area (A 24 ) was significantly lower than that of the fresh wolfberry and alkali solution soaking treatment group, indicating that the plasma drying treatment has evaporated part of the water, thereby improving the drying efficiency. Among them, the peak area of ​​immobile water and bound water in wolfberry after the epidermal waxy fruit drying treatment method (A 22 and A 21 ) is the lowest, indicating that the mobility of water molecules inside it increases and is easier to be removed by drying. Figure 5 This can also be confirmed in the two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance imaging of wolfberries treated with different interventions. The color in the image changes from white to black, representing the proton density from low to high. The signal intensity of the nuclear magnetic resonance imaging is proportional to the moisture content of the sample. It can be seen intuitively from the imaging that after the above-mentioned intervention treatment method for waxy fruits on the epidermis, the moisture distribution inside the wolfberries is more uniform, and the moisture at the edge of the whole fruit has evaporated.

[0075] 2. Effects of different growth promoter treatments on heat pump drying characteristics of wolfberry

[0076] The above-mentioned treatment methods for promoting the growth of waxy fruit skin were compared with the traditional alkali solution soaking (10% NaHCO 3 ) on the drying process of wolfberry Figure 6 As shown in the figure, as the control group, the drying time of the wolfberry sample without pretreatment and the wolfberry sample treated with sodium bicarbonate solution was 40h and 28h respectively. Compared with the case without pretreatment, the treatment method based on the epidermal waxy fruit promoter had a significant effect on the drying time of wolfberry. The drying time of the wolfberry sample was reduced by 15h, shortening the drying time by 37.5%, indicating that cold plasma can significantly shorten the drying time. The effect after drying is as follows Figure 7 As shown, the wolfberry dried fruit treated with the above-mentioned waxy fruit growth promoting treatment method is fuller.

[0077] 3. Effects of different interventions on the microstructure of wolfberry

[0078] The microstructure of wolfberry outer skin under different promotion and intervention treatments Figure 8 (The illustration is the water contact angle test result diagram) As shown in the control group (fresh) epidermis, there are no cracks or holes, the water contact angle is 93.1°, and the epidermal wax layer is intact with good hydrophobic properties. The surface of the wolfberry peel soaked in alkali solution is smoother, with a water contact angle of 97.5°. Although it can dissolve the surface wax, it fails to form cracks and micropores, the surface hydrophobicity is enhanced, and the water contact angle increases. After being treated with the above-mentioned epidermal waxy fruit promotion method, the surface wax layer is dissolved, the water contact angle is 81.6°, cracks and holes appear on the surface of the wolfberry peel, the hydrophilicity increases, and the water contact angle decreases, providing a channel for the rapid loss of water in subsequent drying, which is beneficial to reduce the migration resistance of free water during the drying process and shorten the drying time.

[0079] 2. The fruit to be processed is grapes

[0080] Step 1: Using the above-mentioned waxy fruit growth promoting treatment device 100, the seedless white grape sample after selection and cleaning is placed on the stage 2, and the outlet of the cold plasma jet device 3 is adjusted to be 3 cm to 5 cm away from the grape sample. The power of the cold plasma jet device 3 is 400 W to 500 W, the air source pressure is 0.4 MPa to 0.6 MPa, and the drying treatment time is 20 s to 30 s.

[0081] Step 2: The processed grape samples are placed in a semi-open air source heat pump drying room, with the drying temperature set at 40°C to 50°C and the humidity set at 25% to 35% for drying.

[0082] 1. Effects of different growth-promoting treatments on water distribution in grapes

[0083] Based on the epidermal waxy fruit growth-promoting treatment method, the traditional alkali solution soaking (20% NaHCO 3 ) on the water distribution in grapes. Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown in the figure, the relaxation peaks from left to right represent the three main water components in grapes: bound water (T 21 , 0.01~10ms), not suitable for flowing water (T 22 , 10~100ms), free water (T 23 , 100~1000ms and T 24 , 1000~10000ms). Each relaxation peak area is marked as A 21 , A 22 , A 23 and A 24As can be seen from the figure, the water content of fresh grapes is all free water. 24 Peak area (A 24 ) is significantly different from the fresh grapes and alkali solution soaking treatment groups, with the lowest peak area. At this time, most of the free water is evaporated, thereby increasing the subsequent drying rate. At the same time, T 2 The relaxation peak moved to the left, which effectively changed the mobility of water in the grape tissue, making it easier to be dried and removed in the subsequent drying process. After the above-mentioned epidermal waxy fruit promotion treatment method was used, a small amount of immobile water (peak area A 22 ), indicating that the internal water molecules have been rearranged, free water will be easier to flow and more easily lost. At the same time, the presence of a small amount of water that is not easy to lose plays a positive role in the quality of raisins.

[0084] 2. Effects of different growth promoter treatments on heat pump drying characteristics of grapes

[0085] Based on the epidermal waxy fruit growth-promoting treatment method, the traditional alkali solution soaking (20% NaHCO 3 ) on the drying process of seedless white grapes Fig.11 As shown in the figure, as the control group, the drying time of the seedless white grape sample without pretreatment and the seedless white grape sample treated with sodium bicarbonate solution were 34h and 30h respectively. Compared with the case without pretreatment, the epidermal waxy fruit promotion treatment method had a significant effect on the drying time of seedless white grapes, with a drying time of 22h, which was 12h less than that of the seedless white grape sample without promotion treatment, shortening the drying time by 35%, indicating that cold plasma can significantly shorten the drying time.

[0086] It can be seen that the device and method based on jet cold plasma promoted pretreatment proposed in this scheme can induce rapid and efficient dehydration and drying of waxy fruits on the skin, and is easy to operate, mild conditions, green and safe, with a high drying rate and fast processing speed, and is more environmentally friendly.

[0087] Example 2

[0088] This embodiment provides a waxy fruit drying device 100, which is different from the first embodiment in that the surface of the loading platform 2 is a flat structure, on which the fruits to be processed are placed directly, and during the drying process, the fruits on the surface remain basically still.

[0089] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for treating fruits with waxy epidermis, characterized in that: include: Base; A loading platform, which is arranged on the base through a connecting piece 1, and the loading platform is used to place the fruits to be processed; A cold plasma jet device is arranged on the base through a second connecting piece, and is used to release jet cold plasma to the loading platform, so as to utilize the jet cold plasma to destroy the wax on the fruit skin and form a new water diffusion channel in the wax on the skin.

2. The device for promoting the growth of waxy fruit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second connecting member includes a support frame and an adjustment component, the support frame is arranged on the top surface of the base, the adjustment component is arranged on the support frame, and the cold plasma jet device is arranged on the adjustment component; the adjustment component is a linear slide, a two-dimensional slide, a three-dimensional slide or a multi-degree-of-freedom robotic arm, and the adjustment component is used to adjust the spatial position of the cold plasma jet device relative to the stage.

3. The device for promoting the growth of waxy fruit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support frame is a gantry structure, which is arranged across the top of the loading platform; the adjustment component is arranged on the top crossbeam of the support frame, and the outlet of the cold plasma jet device faces the loading platform.

4. The device for promoting the growth of waxy fruit according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The table top of the loading platform is a plane; or, a plurality of rotating rollers are arranged in parallel on the table top of the loading platform, both ends of any rotating roller are rotatably connected to the loading platform, and the ends of any rotating roller are connected to a rotating drive device, an installation gap is left between any two adjacent rotating rollers, and the width of the installation gap is smaller than the particle size of the fruit to be processed; the fruit to be processed can be placed between any two adjacent rotating rollers, and the rotating drive device is used to drive all the rotating rollers to rotate synchronously in the same direction, so as to drive the fruit to be processed to dynamically flip through the rotating rollers.

5. The device for promoting the growth of waxy fruit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The connecting member 1 is a linear slide, a two-dimensional slide, a three-dimensional slide or a multi-degree-of-freedom robotic arm. The connecting member 1 is arranged on the top surface of the base and is used to adjust the spatial position of the loading platform relative to the base.

6. The device for promoting the growth of waxy fruit according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a control system, which is arranged on the base and is used to control the operating state of at least one of the cold plasma jet device, the adjustment component, the connecting piece and the rotating drive device.

7. The device for promoting the growth of waxy fruit according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a power interface, a control handle, a power control button, an emergency stop button and a reset button, wherein the control handle, the power control button, the emergency stop button and the reset button are all connected to the control system in communication, wherein: The control handle is communicatively connected with the control system and is used for remote control of the device; The power master control button is arranged on the base and is used to control the device switch; The emergency stop button is arranged on the base and is used to realize emergency stop control of the device; The reset button is arranged on the base, and is used to realize one-touch reset of the device; The power interface is arranged on the base and can be connected to a 220V-16A quick-connect power cord.

8. The device for promoting the growth of waxy fruit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The base is a box-type base, and movable plate frame surfaces are arranged on the four sides of the box-type base. Ventilation holes are arranged on a pair of oppositely arranged movable plate frame surfaces of the box-type base, and fences are installed at the ventilation holes.

9. The device for promoting the growth of waxy fruit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: It also includes an air source, which is connected to the cold plasma jet device through an air supply pipeline, and a gas pressure stabilizing and filtering device is arranged on the air supply pipeline.

10. A method for treating fruits with waxy epidermis to promote growth, which is implemented by using the device for treating fruits with waxy epidermis according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: The cold plasma jet device is used to release jet cold plasma toward the loading platform, so as to utilize the radial flow cold plasma to destroy the epidermal wax of the fruit to be processed on the loading platform and form a new water diffusion channel on the epidermal wax.

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