Electrocardiogram ultrasonic signal fusion tomography imaging system and method

Abstract

The invention provides an electrocardio ultrasonic signal fusion tomography imaging system and method, and relates to the technical field of medical diagnosis. The electrocardio ultrasonic signal fusion tomography imaging system comprises an electrocardio signal acquisition module which comprises a plurality of electrocardio electrodes and is used for acquiring heart electrical activity signals, and a signal acquisition circuit which is used for amplifying and filtering electrocardio signals and converting the electrocardio signals into digital signals; the ultrasonic signal acquisition module is used for transmitting ultrasonic waves and receiving echo signals, and the ultrasonic signal processing circuit is used for amplifying, filtering and digitizing the ultrasonic echo signals; and the data fusion module is used for synchronously processing the electrocardiosignal and the ultrasonic signal and combining time information of the electrocardiosignal with space information of the ultrasonic signal. Through accurate time synchronization, the time information of the electrocardiosignal and the space information of the ultrasonic signal are combined, the imaging accuracy is ensured, and the system can more accurately correspond the electrocardiosignal to the heart structure by utilizing the space positioning information of the ultrasonic signal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of medical diagnosis technology, and in particular to an electrocardiogram and ultrasound signal fusion tomography imaging system and method. Background Art

[0002] In modern medical diagnosis, accurate assessment of cardiac function and structure is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of heart disease. Currently, electrocardiogram and echocardiography are two widely used diagnostic tools, each of which plays an important role in the assessment of heart disease.

[0003] Electrocardiogram is a method of diagnosing heart problems such as arrhythmias and myocardial infarction by measuring the electrical activity of the heart. It can provide time series information of the heart's electrical activity, but cannot provide detailed images of the heart's structure. On the other hand, echocardiography uses ultrasound technology to provide real-time images of the heart's structure and function, including information such as the size of the heart's chambers, heart valve movement, and hemodynamics. However, the image quality of echocardiography may be affected by factors such as the patient's body shape and emphysema, and it cannot directly provide information on the heart's electrical activity.

[0004] Although these two technologies have their own advantages in the diagnosis of heart diseases, they also have limitations. The electrocardiogram cannot provide detailed information about the heart structure, while the echocardiogram lacks direct information about the heart's electrical activity. In addition, these two technologies are usually used independently, resulting in the diagnosis process may require multiple examinations and patient movement, increasing the complexity and time cost of the diagnosis. Therefore, technicians in this field provide an electrocardiogram and ultrasound signal fusion tomography imaging system and method to solve the problems raised in the above background technology. Summary of the invention

[0005] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an electrocardiogram and ultrasound signal fusion tomography imaging system and method, which solves the problems of limitations in synchronization, spatial resolution and data processing of the fusion technology.

[0007] (II) Technical solution

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: an electrocardiogram and ultrasound signal fusion tomography imaging system, comprising:

[0009] An ECG signal acquisition module, including a plurality of ECG electrodes, which are placed on the patient's body surface to collect cardiac electrical activity signals, and a signal acquisition circuit, which is used to amplify and filter the ECG signals and convert them into digital signals;

[0010] An ultrasonic signal acquisition module, comprising an ultrasonic probe for transmitting ultrasonic waves and receiving echo signals, and an ultrasonic signal processing circuit for amplifying, filtering and digitizing ultrasonic echo signals;

[0011] The data fusion module is used to synchronously process the ECG signal and the ultrasound signal, combine the time information of the ECG signal with the spatial information of the ultrasound signal, and fuse the ECG signal with the ultrasound signal using a time-space mapping algorithm to generate a three-dimensional heart image;

[0012] The imaging display module is used to convert the fused data into a visual three-dimensional image and display it on the monitor, providing multiple imaging modes, including grayscale images and color blood flow images.

[0013] Preferably, the ECG signal acquisition module comprises the following steps:

[0014] S1. Electrode placement: multiple ECG electrodes are placed at specific locations on the patient's body surface to collect cardiac electrical activity signals, using a 12-lead ECG placement method, including 6 limb leads I, II, III, aVR, aVL, aVF and 6 chest leads V1-V6;

[0015] S2. Signal acquisition, using an ECG set to amplify the ECG signal in a preamplifier to reduce noise and interference, and filtering out high-frequency noise and baseline drift through a filter;

[0016] S3. Analog to digital conversion, converting the analog ECG signal into a digital signal by using an analog-to-digital converter for digital signal processing;

[0017] S4. Signal processing: further digital filtering of the digital signal to remove the remaining noise, including signal denoising and baseline correction.

[0018] Preferably, the ultrasonic signal acquisition module comprises the following steps:

[0019] S1. Selection and placement of ultrasound probe: Select the appropriate ultrasound probe according to the cardiac area to be imaged and place the probe at the appropriate position on the patient's body surface to obtain the best image quality;

[0020] S2. Transmitting ultrasound. The probe transmits a series of high-frequency ultrasound pulses into the patient's body. The frequency of ultrasound is usually in the range of 2-10MHz, depending on the probe type and imaging depth. The design of time delay and distance calculation in the processing of ultrasound signals is related to the time delay calculation:

[0021] The propagation speed of ultrasound in tissue is about 1540m / s;

[0022] The time delay t of the echo signal can be used to calculate the distance d of the reflection point;

[0023]

[0024] Where c is the speed of ultrasound in tissue, and t is the time delay of the echo signal;

[0025] Distance correction, since the propagation speed of ultrasound in tissue may vary depending on the tissue type, a distance correction may be required;

[0026] S3. Receive echo signal. The probe receives the ultrasonic echo signal reflected from the heart tissue. The intensity and time delay of the echo signal are related to the acoustic characteristics of the tissue.

[0027] S4. Analog-to-digital conversion, converting the analog ultrasonic echo signal into a digital signal by an analog-to-digital converter for digital signal processing, wherein the analog-to-digital converter includes the following steps:

[0028] Resolution:

[0029] The resolution of an analog-to-digital converter is usually expressed in bits, which determines the smallest voltage change that the converter can distinguish.

[0030] Quantization error:

[0031] Quantization error refers to the error caused by resolution limitation when converting analog signals into digital signals. Ideally, the range of quantization error is half the minimum quantization step size, that is, Where V FS is the full-scale voltage;

[0032] Full scale voltage:

[0033] The full-scale voltage refers to the maximum voltage range that the ADC can measure;

[0034] Quantization step size:

[0035] The quantization step size is the smallest voltage change that the ADC can distinguish, which is equal to the full-scale voltage divided by the number of quantization levels of resolution. The formula is:

[0036] Digital output value:

[0037] For an n-bit ADC, the digital output value ranges from 0 to 2 n -1, if the input voltage V in is a fraction of the full-scale voltage, the digital output value D can be calculated using the following formula:

[0038]

[0039] Sampling rate:

[0040] The sampling rate refers to the number of times the ADC samples per second, usually expressed in Hertz. According to the Nyquist theorem, in order to avoid aliasing, the sampling rate should be at least twice the highest frequency of the signal;

[0041] S5. Signal processing, pre-processing of digital signals, including amplification, filtering and time gain compensation to optimize image quality, including signal denoising and dynamic range compression.

[0042] Preferably, the data fusion module comprises the following steps:

[0043] S1. Synchronous acquisition ensures that the acquisition of ECG signals and ultrasound signals is performed synchronously. This is usually achieved through a common clock signal. The timestamp of each ECG signal and ultrasound signal acquisition is recorded for subsequent synchronous processing. Time synchronization includes:

[0044] The time synchronization between ECG signal and ultrasound signal can be expressed by the following formula:

[0045] T sync =T ECG -T US

[0046] Among them, T sync is the synchronization time difference, T ECG is the timestamp of the ECG signal, T US is the timestamp of the ultrasound signal;

[0047] S2. Time stamping: perform R wave detection on the ECG signal to determine the start point of the cardiac cycle, align the timestamp of the ultrasound signal with the R wave peak of the ECG signal to ensure the temporal consistency of the two.

[0048] S3. Spatial positioning, using the spatial positioning information of the ultrasound signal to determine the position of the heart structure, combined with the time information of the ECG signal, the spatial information of the ultrasound signal is combined with the time information of the ECG cycle, wherein the spatial positioning includes:

[0049] The spatial positioning of the ultrasonic signal can be expressed by the following formula:

[0050] P = f(θ, d)

[0051] Where P is the spatial position of the ultrasonic signal, θ is the emission angle of the ultrasonic wave, and d is the propagation distance of the ultrasonic wave;

[0052] S4. Application of fusion algorithm, using time-space mapping algorithm to combine the time information of ECG signal with the spatial information of ultrasound signal, and using time-space mapping algorithm to correspond different stages of ECG cycle with specific frames of ultrasound image;

[0053] S5. Three-dimensional image reconstruction, using the fused data, generates a three-dimensional image of the heart through a three-dimensional reconstruction algorithm, using volume rendering technology.

[0054] Preferably, the imaging display module comprises the following steps:

[0055] S1. Data preprocessing: preprocessing the fused data, including denoising, standardization and normalization, to improve image quality;

[0056] S2. Three-dimensional reconstruction uses volume rendering to convert two-dimensional data into three-dimensional images. Volume rendering technology generates images by calculating the opacity and color of voxels. Surface rendering technology generates images by identifying and rendering three-dimensional surfaces. In volume rendering, the opacity α and color C of voxels can be calculated by the following formula:

[0057] α=f(I)

[0058] C=g(I)

[0059] Where I is the intensity value of the voxel, f and g are pre-defined functions used to calculate opacity and color, respectively;

[0060] S3. Image rendering, applying lighting models and shadow effects to enhance the realism of images, adjusting viewing angles and scaling so that doctors can observe cardiac structures from different angles and distances;

[0061] S4. Image enhancement: image enhancement processing, including edge enhancement and contrast adjustment, to improve image readability and diagnostic value;

[0062] S5. Image display: displays the processed three-dimensional image on a display, providing multiple imaging modes.

[0063] 7. A method for using an electrocardiogram and ultrasound signal fusion tomography imaging system, comprising the following steps:

[0064] S1. Preparation stage: patient preparation, ensuring that the patient is in a relaxed state, avoiding strenuous exercise or nervous emotions that may affect the ECG signal, cleaning the patient's body surface, especially the ECG electrode placement area, to reduce skin impedance, selecting a suitable ultrasound probe as needed, and ensuring that the probe is in good contact with the patient's body surface, equipment preparation, turning on the ECG and ultrasound signal fusion tomography imaging system, calibration preparation, ensuring that the ECG and ultrasound signal acquisition modules are working properly, and selecting a suitable imaging mode and parameter settings;

[0065] S2. ECG signal acquisition, electrode placement, placement of ECG electrodes according to the 12-lead ECG standard, including limb leads and chest leads, ensuring good contact between the motor and the skin to reduce signal interference, signal acquisition, start the ECG acquisition module, record the patient's ECG signal, observe the quality of the ECG signal, and adjust the electrode position or gain setting if necessary;

[0066] S3. Ultrasonic signal acquisition, probe placement, placing the ultrasound probe at an appropriate position on the patient's body surface to obtain an ultrasound image of the heart, selecting different probe angles and positions as needed to obtain the best image quality, signal acquisition, starting the ultrasound signal acquisition module, transmitting ultrasound and receiving echo signals, and adjusting ultrasound imaging parameters to optimize image quality;

[0067] S4. Data fusion and synchronous processing to ensure the time synchronization of ECG signals and ultrasound signals, which is achieved through the clock signal inside the system, combining the time information of ECG signals with the spatial information of ultrasound signals, and applying fusion algorithm. The time-space mapping algorithm is used to combine the time information of ECG signals with the spatial information of ultrasound signals to generate a fused data set for three-dimensional image reconstruction;

[0068] S5. Three-dimensional image reconstruction and display: using volume rendering technology to convert fused data into three-dimensional images, adjusting image parameters to improve image readability and diagnostic value, displaying three-dimensional cardiac images on the display, and providing multiple imaging modes to allow doctors to observe cardiac structures from different angles and distances for diagnostic analysis;

[0069] S6. Analysis and diagnosis. The doctor analyzes the structure and function of the heart based on the three-dimensional images and electrocardiogram information, and identifies possible signs of heart disease, such as arrhythmias, ventricular hypertrophy, and valvular abnormalities. Based on the analysis results, the doctor writes a diagnostic report and provides treatment recommendations or suggestions for further examinations.

[0070] (III) Beneficial effects

[0071] The present invention provides an electrocardiogram and ultrasound signal fusion tomography imaging system and method. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0072] 1. In the present invention, by combining the information of electrocardiogram and echocardiogram, the system can provide more comprehensive information on cardiac function and structure, which is helpful for more accurate diagnosis of heart disease. The system can generate three-dimensional cardiac images, providing richer anatomical and functional information than traditional two-dimensional images, which helps doctors better understand the complex structure and function of the heart.

[0073] 2. In the present invention, the system combines the time information of the ECG signal with the spatial information of the ultrasound signal through precise time synchronization, thereby ensuring the accuracy of imaging. By using the spatial positioning information of the ultrasound signal, the system can more accurately match the ECG signal with the heart structure.

[0074] 3. In the present invention, the system design is flexible and the acquisition parameters of ECG and ultrasound signals can be adjusted according to clinical needs to adapt to different patients and diagnostic needs. The advanced data fusion algorithm is used to ensure the accurate synchronization of ECG signals and ultrasound signals, reduce artifacts and errors, and improve work efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0075] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall system of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the flow of the central electrical signal acquisition module of the present invention;

[0077] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the ultrasonic signal acquisition module in the present invention;

[0078] Figure 4 It is a flow chart of the data fusion module in the present invention;

[0079] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the imaging display module in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0080] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0081] Embodiment 1:

[0082] like Figure 1-5 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electrocardiogram and ultrasound signal fusion tomography imaging system, comprising:

[0083] An ECG signal acquisition module, including a plurality of ECG electrodes, which are placed on the patient's body surface to collect cardiac electrical activity signals, and a signal acquisition circuit, which is used to amplify and filter the ECG signals and convert them into digital signals;

[0084] An ultrasonic signal acquisition module, comprising an ultrasonic probe for transmitting ultrasonic waves and receiving echo signals, and an ultrasonic signal processing circuit for amplifying, filtering and digitizing ultrasonic echo signals;

[0085] The data fusion module is used to synchronously process the ECG signal and the ultrasound signal, combine the time information of the ECG signal with the spatial information of the ultrasound signal, and fuse the ECG signal with the ultrasound signal using a time-space mapping algorithm to generate a three-dimensional heart image;

[0086] The imaging display module is used to convert the fused data into a visual three-dimensional image and display it on the monitor, providing multiple imaging modes, including grayscale images and color blood flow images.

[0087] Preferably, the ECG signal acquisition module comprises the following steps:

[0088] S1. Electrode placement: multiple ECG electrodes are placed at specific locations on the patient's body surface to collect cardiac electrical activity signals, using a 12-lead ECG placement method, including 6 limb leads I, II, III, aVR, aVL, aVF and 6 chest leads V1-V6;

[0089] S2. Signal acquisition, using an ECG set to amplify the ECG signal in a preamplifier to reduce noise and interference, and filtering out high-frequency noise and baseline drift through a filter;

[0090] S3. Analog to digital conversion, converting the analog ECG signal into a digital signal by using an analog-to-digital converter for digital signal processing;

[0091] S4. Signal processing: further digital filtering of the digital signal to remove the remaining noise, including signal denoising and baseline correction.

[0092] Preferably, the ultrasonic signal acquisition module comprises the following steps:

[0093] S1. Selection and placement of ultrasound probe: Select the appropriate ultrasound probe according to the cardiac area to be imaged and place the probe at the appropriate position on the patient's body surface to obtain the best image quality;

[0094] S2. Transmitting ultrasound. The probe transmits a series of high-frequency ultrasound pulses into the patient's body. The frequency of ultrasound is usually in the range of 2-10MHz, depending on the probe type and imaging depth. The design of time delay and distance calculation in the processing of ultrasound signals is related to the time delay calculation:

[0095] The propagation speed of ultrasound in tissue is about 1540m / s;

[0096] The time delay t of the echo signal can be used to calculate the distance d of the reflection point;

[0097]

[0098] Where c is the speed of ultrasound in tissue, and t is the time delay of the echo signal;

[0099] Distance correction, since the propagation speed of ultrasound in tissue may vary depending on the tissue type, a distance correction may be required;

[0100] S3. Receive echo signal. The probe receives the ultrasonic echo signal reflected from the heart tissue. The intensity and time delay of the echo signal are related to the acoustic characteristics of the tissue.

[0101] S4. Analog-to-digital conversion, converting the analog ultrasonic echo signal into a digital signal by an analog-to-digital converter for digital signal processing, wherein the analog-to-digital converter includes the following steps:

[0102] Resolution:

[0103] The resolution of an analog-to-digital converter is usually expressed in bits, which determines the smallest voltage change that the converter can distinguish.

[0104] Quantization error:

[0105] Quantization error refers to the error caused by resolution limitation when converting analog signals into digital signals. Ideally, the range of quantization error is half the minimum quantization step size, that is, Where V FS is the full-scale voltage;

[0106] Full scale voltage:

[0107] The full-scale voltage refers to the maximum voltage range that the ADC can measure;

[0108] Quantization step size:

[0109] The quantization step size is the smallest voltage change that the ADC can distinguish, which is equal to the full-scale voltage divided by the number of quantization levels of resolution. The formula is:

[0110] Digital output value:

[0111] For an n-bit ADC, the digital output value ranges from 0 to 2 n -1, if the input voltage V in is a fraction of the full-scale voltage, the digital output value D can be calculated using the following formula:

[0112]

[0113] Sampling rate:

[0114] The sampling rate refers to the number of times the ADC samples per second, usually expressed in Hertz. According to the Nyquist theorem, in order to avoid aliasing, the sampling rate should be at least twice the highest frequency of the signal;

[0115] S5. Signal processing, pre-processing of digital signals, including amplification, filtering and time gain compensation to optimize image quality, including signal denoising and dynamic range compression.

[0116] Preferably, the data fusion module comprises the following steps:

[0117] S1. Synchronous acquisition ensures that the acquisition of ECG signals and ultrasound signals is performed synchronously. This is usually achieved through a common clock signal. The timestamp of each ECG signal and ultrasound signal acquisition is recorded for subsequent synchronous processing. Time synchronization includes:

[0118] The time synchronization between ECG signal and ultrasound signal can be expressed by the following formula:

[0119] T sync =T ECG -T US

[0120] Among them, T sync is the synchronization time difference, T ECG is the timestamp of the ECG signal, T US is the timestamp of the ultrasound signal;

[0121] S2. Time stamping: perform R wave detection on the ECG signal to determine the start point of the cardiac cycle, align the timestamp of the ultrasound signal with the R wave peak of the ECG signal to ensure the temporal consistency of the two.

[0122] S3. Spatial positioning, using the spatial positioning information of the ultrasound signal to determine the position of the heart structure, combined with the time information of the ECG signal, the spatial information of the ultrasound signal is combined with the time information of the ECG cycle, wherein the spatial positioning includes:

[0123] The spatial positioning of the ultrasonic signal can be expressed by the following formula:

[0124] P = f(θ, d)

[0125] Where P is the spatial position of the ultrasonic signal, θ is the emission angle of the ultrasonic wave, and d is the propagation distance of the ultrasonic wave;

[0126] S4. Application of fusion algorithm, using time-space mapping algorithm to combine the time information of ECG signal with the spatial information of ultrasound signal, and using time-space mapping algorithm to correspond different stages of ECG cycle with specific frames of ultrasound image;

[0127] S5. Three-dimensional image reconstruction, using the fused data, generates a three-dimensional image of the heart through a three-dimensional reconstruction algorithm, using volume rendering technology.

[0128] Preferably, the imaging display module comprises the following steps:

[0129] S1. Data preprocessing: preprocessing the fused data, including denoising, standardization and normalization, to improve image quality;

[0130] S2. Three-dimensional reconstruction uses volume rendering to convert two-dimensional data into three-dimensional images. Volume rendering technology generates images by calculating the opacity and color of voxels. Surface rendering technology generates images by identifying and rendering three-dimensional surfaces. In volume rendering, the opacity α and color C of voxels can be calculated by the following formula:

[0131] α=f(I)

[0132] C=g(I)

[0133] Where I is the intensity value of the voxel, f and g are pre-defined functions used to calculate opacity and color, respectively;

[0134] S3. Image rendering, applying lighting models and shadow effects to enhance the realism of images, adjusting viewing angles and scaling so that doctors can observe cardiac structures from different angles and distances;

[0135] S4. Image enhancement: image enhancement processing, including edge enhancement and contrast adjustment, to improve image readability and diagnostic value;

[0136] S5. Image display: displays the processed three-dimensional image on a display, providing multiple imaging modes.

[0137] 7. A method for using an electrocardiogram and ultrasound signal fusion tomography imaging system, comprising the following steps:

[0138] S1. Preparation stage: patient preparation, ensuring that the patient is in a relaxed state, avoiding strenuous exercise or nervous emotions that may affect the ECG signal, cleaning the patient's body surface, especially the ECG electrode placement area, to reduce skin impedance, selecting a suitable ultrasound probe as needed, and ensuring that the probe is in good contact with the patient's body surface, equipment preparation, turning on the ECG and ultrasound signal fusion tomography imaging system, calibration preparation, ensuring that the ECG and ultrasound signal acquisition modules are working properly, and selecting a suitable imaging mode and parameter settings;

[0139] S2. ECG signal acquisition, electrode placement, placement of ECG electrodes according to the 12-lead ECG standard, including limb leads and chest leads, ensuring good contact between the motor and the skin to reduce signal interference, signal acquisition, start the ECG acquisition module, record the patient's ECG signal, observe the quality of the ECG signal, and adjust the electrode position or gain setting if necessary;

[0140] S3. Ultrasonic signal acquisition, probe placement, placing the ultrasound probe at an appropriate position on the patient's body surface to obtain an ultrasound image of the heart, selecting different probe angles and positions as needed to obtain the best image quality, signal acquisition, starting the ultrasound signal acquisition module, transmitting ultrasound and receiving echo signals, and adjusting ultrasound imaging parameters to optimize image quality;

[0141] S4. Data fusion and synchronous processing to ensure the time synchronization of ECG signals and ultrasound signals, which is achieved through the clock signal inside the system, combining the time information of ECG signals with the spatial information of ultrasound signals, and applying fusion algorithm. The time-space mapping algorithm is used to combine the time information of ECG signals with the spatial information of ultrasound signals to generate a fused data set for three-dimensional image reconstruction;

[0142] S5. Three-dimensional image reconstruction and display: using volume rendering technology to convert fused data into three-dimensional images, adjusting image parameters to improve image readability and diagnostic value, displaying three-dimensional cardiac images on the display, and providing multiple imaging modes to allow doctors to observe cardiac structures from different angles and distances for diagnostic analysis;

[0143] S6. Analysis and diagnosis. The doctor analyzes the structure and function of the heart based on the three-dimensional images and electrocardiogram information, and identifies possible signs of heart disease, such as arrhythmias, ventricular hypertrophy, and valvular abnormalities. Based on the analysis results, the doctor writes a diagnostic report and provides treatment recommendations or suggestions for further examinations.

[0144] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An electrocardiogram and ultrasound signal fusion tomography imaging system, characterized in that: include: An ECG signal acquisition module, including a plurality of ECG electrodes, which are placed on the patient's body surface to collect cardiac electrical activity signals, and a signal acquisition circuit, which is used to amplify and filter the ECG signals and convert them into digital signals; An ultrasonic signal acquisition module, comprising an ultrasonic probe for transmitting ultrasonic waves and receiving echo signals, and an ultrasonic signal processing circuit for amplifying, filtering and digitizing ultrasonic echo signals; The data fusion module is used to synchronously process the ECG signal and the ultrasound signal, combine the time information of the ECG signal with the spatial information of the ultrasound signal, and fuse the ECG signal with the ultrasound signal using a time-space mapping algorithm to generate a three-dimensional heart image; The imaging display module is used to convert the fused data into a visual three-dimensional image and display it on the monitor, providing multiple imaging modes, including grayscale images and color blood flow images.

2. The electrocardiogram and ultrasound signal fusion tomography imaging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrocardiogram signal acquisition module comprises the following steps: S1. Electrode placement: multiple ECG electrodes are placed at specific locations on the patient's body surface to collect cardiac electrical activity signals, using the placement of a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG), including 6 limb leads (I, II, III, aVR, aVL, aVF) and 6 chest leads (V1-V6); S2. Signal acquisition, using an ECG set to amplify the ECG signal in a preamplifier to reduce noise and interference, and filtering out high-frequency noise and baseline drift through a filter; S3. Analog to digital conversion, converting the analog ECG signal into a digital signal by using an analog-to-digital converter for digital signal processing; S4. Signal processing: further digital filtering of the digital signal to remove the remaining noise, including signal denoising and baseline correction.

3. The electrocardiogram and ultrasound signal fusion tomography imaging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultrasonic signal acquisition module comprises the following steps: S1. Selection and placement of ultrasound probe: Select the appropriate ultrasound probe according to the cardiac area to be imaged and place the probe at the appropriate position on the patient's body surface to obtain the best image quality; S2. Transmitting ultrasound. The probe transmits a series of high-frequency ultrasound pulses into the patient's body. The frequency of ultrasound is usually in the range of 2-10MHz, depending on the probe type and imaging depth. The design of time delay and distance calculation in the processing of ultrasound signals is related to the time delay calculation: The propagation speed of ultrasound in tissue is about 1540m / s; The time delay t of the echo signal can be used to calculate the distance d of the reflection point; Where c is the speed of ultrasound in tissue, and t is the time delay of the echo signal; Distance correction, since the propagation speed of ultrasound in tissue may vary depending on the tissue type, a distance correction may be required; S3. Receive echo signal. The probe receives the ultrasonic echo signal reflected from the heart tissue. The intensity and time delay of the echo signal are related to the acoustic characteristics of the tissue. S4. Analog-to-digital conversion, converting the analog ultrasonic echo signal into a digital signal by an analog-to-digital converter for digital signal processing, wherein the analog-to-digital converter includes the following steps: Resolution: The resolution of an analog-to-digital converter is usually expressed in bits, which determines the smallest voltage change that the converter can distinguish. Quantization error: Quantization error refers to the error caused by resolution limitation when converting analog signals into digital signals. Ideally, the range of quantization error is half the minimum quantization step size, that is, Where V FS is the full-scale voltage; Full scale voltage: The full-scale voltage refers to the maximum voltage range that the ADC can measure; Quantization step size: The quantization step size is the smallest voltage change that the ADC can distinguish, which is equal to the full-scale voltage divided by the number of quantization levels of resolution. The formula is: Digital output value: For an n-bit ADC, the digital output value ranges from 0 to 2 n -1, if the input voltage V in is a fraction of the full-scale voltage, the digital output value D can be calculated using the following formula: Sampling rate: The sampling rate refers to the number of times the ADC samples per second, usually expressed in Hertz. According to the Nyquist theorem, in order to avoid aliasing, the sampling rate should be at least twice the highest frequency of the signal; S5. Signal processing, pre-processing of digital signals, including amplification, filtering and time gain compensation to optimize image quality, including signal denoising and dynamic range compression.

4. The electrocardiogram and ultrasound signal fusion tomography imaging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data fusion module includes the following steps: S1. Synchronous acquisition ensures that the acquisition of ECG signals and ultrasound signals is performed synchronously. This is usually achieved through a common clock signal. The timestamp of each ECG signal and ultrasound signal acquisition is recorded for subsequent synchronous processing. Time synchronization includes: The time synchronization between ECG signal and ultrasound signal can be expressed by the following formula: T sync =T ECG -T US Among them, T sync is the synchronization time difference, T ECG is the timestamp of the ECG signal, T US is the timestamp of the ultrasound signal; S2. Time stamping: perform R wave detection on the ECG signal to determine the start point of the cardiac cycle, align the timestamp of the ultrasound signal with the R wave peak of the ECG signal to ensure the temporal consistency of the two. S3. Spatial positioning, using the spatial positioning information of the ultrasound signal to determine the position of the heart structure, combined with the time information of the ECG signal, the spatial information of the ultrasound signal is combined with the time information of the ECG cycle, wherein the spatial positioning includes: The spatial positioning of the ultrasonic signal can be expressed by the following formula: P = f(θ, d) Where P is the spatial position of the ultrasonic signal, θ is the emission angle of the ultrasonic wave, and d is the propagation distance of the ultrasonic wave; S4. Application of fusion algorithm, using time-space mapping algorithm to combine the time information of ECG signal with the spatial information of ultrasound signal, and using time-space mapping algorithm to correspond different stages of ECG cycle with specific frames of ultrasound image; S5. Three-dimensional image reconstruction, using the fused data, generates a three-dimensional image of the heart through a three-dimensional reconstruction algorithm, using volume rendering technology.

5. The electrocardiogram and ultrasound signal fusion tomography imaging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The imaging display module comprises the following steps: S1. Data preprocessing: preprocessing the fused data, including denoising, standardization and normalization, to improve image quality; S2. Three-dimensional reconstruction uses volume rendering to convert two-dimensional data into three-dimensional images. Volume rendering technology generates images by calculating the opacity and color of voxels. Surface rendering technology generates images by identifying and rendering three-dimensional surfaces. In volume rendering, the opacity α and color C of voxels can be calculated by the following formula: α=f(I) C=g(I) Where I is the intensity value of the voxel, f and g are pre-defined functions used to calculate opacity and color, respectively; S3. Image rendering, applying lighting models and shadow effects to enhance the realism of images, adjusting viewing angles and scaling so that doctors can observe cardiac structures from different angles and distances; S4. Image enhancement: image enhancement processing, including edge enhancement and contrast adjustment, to improve image readability and diagnostic value; S5. Image display: displays the processed three-dimensional image on a display, providing multiple imaging modes.

6. A method for using an electrocardiogram and ultrasound signal fusion tomography imaging system, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Preparation stage: patient preparation, ensuring that the patient is in a relaxed state, avoiding strenuous exercise or nervous emotions that may affect the ECG signal, cleaning the patient's body surface, especially the ECG electrode placement area, to reduce skin impedance, selecting a suitable ultrasound probe as needed, and ensuring that the probe is in good contact with the patient's body surface, equipment preparation, turning on the ECG and ultrasound signal fusion tomography imaging system, calibration preparation, ensuring that the ECG and ultrasound signal acquisition modules are working properly, and selecting a suitable imaging mode and parameter settings; S2. ECG signal acquisition, electrode placement, placement of ECG electrodes according to the 12-lead ECG standard, including limb leads and chest leads, ensuring good contact between the motor and the skin to reduce signal interference, signal acquisition, start the ECG acquisition module, record the patient's ECG signal, observe the quality of the ECG signal, and adjust the electrode position or gain setting if necessary; S3. Ultrasonic signal acquisition, probe placement, placing the ultrasound probe at an appropriate position on the patient's body surface to obtain an ultrasound image of the heart, selecting different probe angles and positions as needed to obtain the best image quality, signal acquisition, starting the ultrasound signal acquisition module, transmitting ultrasound and receiving echo signals, and adjusting ultrasound imaging parameters to optimize image quality; S4. Data fusion and synchronous processing to ensure the time synchronization of ECG signals and ultrasound signals, which is achieved through the clock signal inside the system, combining the time information of ECG signals with the spatial information of ultrasound signals, and applying fusion algorithm. The time-space mapping algorithm is used to combine the time information of ECG signals with the spatial information of ultrasound signals to generate a fused data set for three-dimensional image reconstruction; S5. Three-dimensional image reconstruction and display: using volume rendering technology to convert fused data into three-dimensional images, adjusting image parameters to improve image readability and diagnostic value, displaying three-dimensional cardiac images on the display, and providing multiple imaging modes to allow doctors to observe cardiac structures from different angles and distances for diagnostic analysis; S6. Analysis and diagnosis. The doctor analyzes the structure and function of the heart based on the three-dimensional images and electrocardiogram information, and identifies possible signs of heart disease, such as arrhythmias, ventricular hypertrophy, and valvular abnormalities. Based on the analysis results, the doctor writes a diagnostic report and provides treatment recommendations or suggestions for further examinations.

Images