Slender anchor and system for deploying slender anchor

Abstract

The present invention provides a slender anchor for fixing sutures to tissue and a system for deploying the slender anchor. The slender anchor includes a first opening, a second opening, a wire passage extending from the first opening to the second opening, and a first wire embedding space extending axially. The first wire embedding space is connected to the first opening. The distal end of the suture enters the wire passage through the first opening and exits from the second opening to attach to the slender anchor; the extended end of the suture selectively switches between being accommodated in the first wire embedding space and being detached from the first wire embedding space. The slender anchor and system provided by the present invention not only reduce damage to tissue, but also further ensure the effectiveness of tissue repair.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to an elongated anchor for fixing a suture to a tissue and a system for deploying the elongated anchor. Background Art

[0002] Heart valves (such as the mitral valve and tricuspid valve) are one-way valves located between the atria and ventricles. Healthy heart valves can control the flow of blood from the atria to the ventricles, while preventing blood from flowing from the ventricles to the atria. However, when the leaflets, chordae tendineae, or valve rings of the heart valves become diseased and cause blood to flow back into the atria, it is very easy to cause mitral regurgitation or tricuspid regurgitation. Clinically, repairing the diseased position of the heart valve through interventional minimally invasive surgery has become increasingly common.

[0003] Taking artificial chordae tendineae implantation as an example, for reflux caused by diseased or ruptured natural chordae tendineae, one end of the suture can be fixed to the valve leaflet and the other end can be fixed to the papillary muscle or ventricular tissue to form an artificial chordae tendineae, thereby replacing the function of the diseased or ruptured natural chordae tendineae. Generally, the suture can be attached to a slender anchor, and after puncturing the valve leaflet using the puncture needle in the delivery system, the slender anchor contained therein is released and pressed against the valve leaflet to achieve a firm fixation of the suture at the end of the valve leaflet. However, in the prior art, the overall radial dimension of the slender anchor with the suture attached is generally large, which means that the outer diameter of the puncture needle must be large, which easily leads to the risk of the valve leaflet being torn when the puncture needle punctures the valve leaflet, which not only causes great trauma to the valve leaflet, but also cannot guarantee the effectiveness of the slender anchor in repairing the valve leaflet. Especially for transcatheter surgery, since it needs to pass through a curved and limited-size blood vessel, the corresponding puncture needle size faces greater challenges. Summary of the Invention

[0004] An object of the present invention is to provide an elongated anchor for fixing a suture to a tissue and a system for deploying the elongated anchor, which not only reduces damage to the tissue but also further ensures the effectiveness of repairing the tissue.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides an elongated anchor for fixing a suture to a tissue, the elongated anchor comprising:

[0006] First opening;

[0007] Second opening;

[0008] a wire passage extending from the first opening to the second opening; and

[0009] a first wire-burying space extending in the axial direction, wherein the first wire-burying space is communicated with the first opening;

[0010] The distal end of the suture enters the wire passage through the first opening and passes out from the second opening to be attached to the elongated anchor; the extended end of the suture selectively switches between being accommodated in the first wire embedding space and being separated from the first wire embedding space.

[0011] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a system for deploying an elongated anchor, the system comprising:

[0012] a needle having a sharp distal end for piercing tissue;

[0013] Sutures; and

[0014] a slender anchor as described above;

[0015] The system has an initial state and a released state. In the initial state, the slender anchor is axially loaded on the distal end of the needle, and the extended end of the suture is accommodated in the first suture embedding space and extends through the needle to the outside of the body; in the released state, the slender anchor is released from the distal end of the needle and is set at an angle to the needle, and the extended end of the suture is separated from the first suture embedding space.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a thread embedding space on the slender anchor to accommodate the suture attached to the slender anchor, so that the overall radial size of the slender anchor with the suture attached is much smaller than the sum of the radial sizes of the slender anchor and the suture, thereby greatly reducing the inner diameter of the needle and further reducing the outer diameter of the needle, thereby reducing the size of the puncture hole when the needle pierces the tissue, thereby greatly reducing the risk of tissue tearing or other damage, and ensuring the effectiveness of tissue repair. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 and Figure 2 Schematic diagrams showing a system for deploying an elongated anchor in some embodiments in an initial state and a released state, respectively.

[0019] Figure 3-Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of the slender anchor in the first embodiment is shown.

[0020] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing an initial state of a system for deploying an elongated anchor according to a first embodiment is shown.

[0021] Figure 7The diagram shows a state in which the elongated anchor in the first embodiment is completely pushed out of the needle.

[0022] Figure 8 Schematic diagram showing a state in which the slender anchor in the first embodiment abuts against tissue.

[0023] Figure 9 Schematic diagram showing a state where the elongated anchor with sutures attached thereto in the first embodiment is implanted into a mitral valve to form an artificial chordae tendineae.

[0024] Figure 10-11 A schematic structural diagram of the slender anchor in the second embodiment is shown.

[0025] Figure 12 A schematic diagram showing an initial state of a system for deploying an elongated anchor according to a second embodiment is shown.

[0026] Figure 13 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which the slender anchor in the second embodiment abuts against tissue.

[0027] Figure 14 A schematic structural diagram of a slender anchor in a third embodiment is shown.

[0028] Figure 15 A schematic diagram showing an initial state of a system for deploying an elongated anchor according to a third embodiment is shown.

[0029] Figure 16 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which the slender anchor in the third embodiment abuts against tissue.

[0030] Figure 17 A schematic structural diagram of a slender anchor in a fourth embodiment is shown.

[0031] Figure 18 A schematic diagram showing an initial state of a system for deploying an elongated anchor according to a fourth embodiment is shown.

[0032] Figure 19 Schematic diagram showing a state in which the slender anchor in the fourth embodiment abuts against tissue.

[0033] Figure 20 A schematic structural diagram of a slender anchor in a fifth embodiment is shown.

[0034] Figure 21 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an initial state of a system for deploying an elongated anchor according to a fifth embodiment.

[0035] Figure 22 Schematic diagram showing a state in which the slender anchor in the fifth embodiment abuts against tissue.

[0036] Figure 23 A perspective schematic diagram of circular holes provided on the outer surface of the elongated anchor in some embodiments is shown.

[0037] Figure 24 A perspective schematic diagram showing a square hole provided on the outer surface of an elongated anchor in some embodiments is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] In addition, the following descriptions of the embodiments refer to the accompanying drawings to illustrate specific embodiments in which the present invention may be implemented. Directional terms mentioned in the present invention, such as "upper," "lower," "front," "back," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," and "side," are merely references to the directions in the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are intended to better and more clearly illustrate and understand the present invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0040] It should be noted that, to more clearly describe the elongated anchor and system for deploying the elongated anchor provided by the present invention, the defined terms "proximal end" and "distal end" used in this specification are commonly used in the medical field. Specifically, "distal end" refers to the end away from the operator during a surgical procedure, while "proximal end" refers to the end closer to the operator during a surgical procedure. The axial direction is defined as the direction of the central axis of rotation of an object such as a cylinder or a tube; the circumferential direction is the direction around the axis of the object such as a cylinder or a tube (perpendicular to the axis and also perpendicular to the cross-sectional radius); and the radial direction is the direction along the diameter or radius. It is worth noting that the "end" in the terms "proximal end," "distal end," "one end," "other end," "first end," "second end," "initial end," "terminal end," "both ends," "free end," "upper end," and "lower end" is not limited to the end, endpoint, or end face, but also includes a portion extending an axial distance and / or radial distance from the end, endpoint, or end face on the component to which the end, endpoint, or end face belongs. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this invention belongs. The conventional terms used in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0041] A system 100 for fixing a suture to a tissue with an elongated anchor 20 and for deploying the elongated anchor 20 is provided to achieve treatment or repair of the tissue. The system 100 includes a needle 10, an elongated anchor 20, and a suture 30. The suture 30 is attached to the elongated anchor 20 and can be removably loaded into the needle 10. The needle 10 has a sharp distal end 11 for piercing tissue. Furthermore, the system 100 has an initial state and a released state. In the initial state, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, the elongated anchor 20 is pre-loaded at the distal end of the needle 10. The distal end of the suture 30 is attached to the elongated anchor 20, with the extended end of the suture 30 extending proximally from the inside of the needle 10 and out of the body. Specifically, the elongated anchor 20 includes a first opening 21, a second opening 22, a suture passage 23 extending from the first opening 21 to the second opening 22, and a first suture embedding space 24 extending axially and communicating with the first opening 21. The distal end of the suture 30 enters the suture passage 23 through the first opening 21 and then exits through the second opening 22 to attach to the elongated anchor 20. When the elongated anchor 20 with the attached suture 30 is axially loaded at the distal end of the needle 10, the distal end of the suture 30 exiting the second opening 22 is confined outside the distal end of the elongated anchor 20, while the extended end of the suture 30 exiting the first opening 21 is contained within the first suture embedding space 24 and extends through the needle 10 and out of the body. In the release state, such as Figure 2 As shown, the elongated anchor 20 is released from the distal end of the needle 10 to expose the elongated anchor 20; under the action of gravity or a counterbalancing force, the elongated anchor 20 rotates and switches to a released state at an angle relative to the needle 10. Specifically, the elongated anchor 20 rotates along the first opening 21, thereby allowing the extended end of the suture 30 to escape from the first suture embedding space 24. To achieve the switching between the initial state and the released state of the system 100, the extended end of the suture 30 can selectively switch between being accommodated in the first suture embedding space 24 and being removed from the first suture embedding space 24.

[0042] Compared to the prior art, the present invention provides a suture embedding space within the elongated anchor to accommodate the suture attached to the elongated anchor, thereby making the overall radial dimension of the elongated anchor with the suture attached much smaller than the sum of the radial dimensions of the elongated anchor and the suture. Thus, to ensure the elongated anchor's effectiveness in repairing tissue, while maintaining a fixed needle size, a larger elongated anchor can be accommodated to secure and support the tissue, thereby increasing the support area for the repaired tissue and improving the anchoring force of the elongated anchor on the tissue. Of course, while maintaining a fixed needle size, the elongated anchor design of the present invention significantly reduces the inner diameter of the needle, while also further reducing the outer diameter of the needle. This reduces the size of the puncture hole when the needle pierces the tissue, significantly reducing the risk of tissue tearing or other damage.

[0043] In some embodiments, the system 100 further comprises a push rod 40 that is removably loaded into the needle 10. The push rod 40 is pre-assembled as shown in FIG. Figure 1 The suture 30 and the push rod 40 are loaded into the needle 10 and are located on the proximal side of the slender anchor 20 in the manner shown. The suture 30 and the push rod 40 extend proximally inside the needle 10 to the outside of the body. After the sharp distal end 11 of the needle 10 is used to pierce the tissue to expose the sharp distal end 11, the push rod 40 is pushed distally to drive the slender anchor 20 to be released from the distal end of the needle 10, thereby completely exposing the slender anchor 20 outside the needle 10. At this time, the slender anchor 20 will rotate under the action of gravity or a balancing force to change from an undeployed state parallel to the needle 10 to an deployed state at a certain angle to the needle 10. Specifically, the slender anchor 20 has a first central axis X1, and the needle 10 has a second central axis X2. When the slender anchor 20 is in the undeployed state, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, the first central axis X1 is substantially parallel to or overlaps the second central axis X2, and the extended end of the suture 30 is accommodated in the first buried space 24. When the elongated anchor 20 is in the expanded state, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, the first central axis X1 and the second central axis X2 form a certain angle, preferably 90 degrees. At this time, the extended end of the suture 30 has left the first thread embedding space 24 and is set at an angle of, for example, 90 degrees to the first thread embedding space 24.

[0044] It is understood that, depending on the type and location of the repaired tissue, the needle 10 can be inserted perpendicular to the tissue or at a certain angle to the tissue. In addition, to ensure the support strength of the slender anchor 20, in some embodiments, the slender anchor 20 is made of a metal material, which can be a metal material that can be implanted in the human body, such as nickel titanium, stainless steel, etc. Given that the hardness of metal materials is higher than that of polymer materials, the support strength is greatly improved, thereby better achieving the support and support effect for the tissue. Of course, in order to improve the endothelial climbing effect of the slender anchor 20, the slender anchor 20 is made of a porous material, such as porous titanium or other porous metals.

[0045] Figure 3-8A schematic diagram of the structure of a slender anchor 20a in a first embodiment is shown. The slender anchor 20a is a hollow metal tube structure having a distal end, a proximal end, a first central axis X1 extending between the distal and proximal ends, and a tube wall radially offset from the first central axis X1. Specifically, a through hole radially extends through the tube wall of the slender anchor 20a to form a first opening 21a, a second opening 22a, and a closed wire passage 23a extending from the first opening 21a to the second opening 22a. The first opening 21a and the second opening 22a are radially opposed to each other in the tube wall of the slender anchor 20a. In some embodiments, the through hole is located in the middle of the slender anchor 20a and is arranged perpendicular to the first central axis X1 of the slender anchor 20a to ensure that the distal and proximal ends of the slender anchor 20a remain balanced. The wire passage 23a extends radially perpendicularly between the first opening 21a and the second opening 22a. Furthermore, a first wire embedding space 24a is formed by axially cutting along the wall of the elongated anchor 20a from the first opening 21a to the proximal end of the elongated anchor 20a. A second wire embedding space 25a is formed by axially cutting along the wall of the elongated anchor 20a from the second opening 22a to the distal end of the elongated anchor 20a. The first wire embedding space 24a, the wire passage 23a, and the second wire embedding space 25a are connected to form a first elongated inner lumen 200a extending axially from the proximal end to the distal end of the elongated anchor 20a. The inner diameter of the first elongated inner lumen 200a is the inner diameter of the elongated anchor 20a. In some embodiments, the first wire embedding space 24a and the second wire embedding space 25a are both grooves formed by cutting the wall of the elongated anchor 20a.

[0046] It is understandable that if Figure 4As shown, when it is desired to attach the suture 30 to the elongated anchor 20a, the distal end of the suture 30 is manipulated to pass through the first opening 21a of the elongated anchor 20a, into the thread passage 23a, and then out of the second opening 22a. At this point, the second thread embedding space 25a is connected to the second opening 22a. After passing through the second opening 22a, the distal end of the suture 30 can be rotated along the second opening 22a to selectively switch between being contained in the second thread embedding space 25a and being released from the second thread embedding space 25a, thereby selectively switching between being confined outside the second thread embedding space 25a and being confined outside the second opening 22a. Simultaneously, the first thread embedding space 24a is connected to the first opening 21a. The extended end of the suture 30 extending from the first opening 21a can be rotated along the first opening 21a to selectively switch between being contained in the first thread embedding space 24a and being released from the first thread embedding space 24a. That is, by switching the distal end and the extended end of the suture 30 within the embedded space of the elongated anchor 20a, the suture 30 is ultimately selectively switched between the undeployed state and the deployed state of the elongated anchor 20. At this point, the overall radial dimension of the elongated anchor 20a with the suture 30 attached is the radial dimension of the elongated anchor 20a, thus significantly reducing its overall radial dimension. This allows the elongated anchor 20a to effectively secure a supporting area after being fixed to tissue, while also reducing the risk of tissue tearing by further reducing the outer diameter of the needle.

[0047] In some embodiments, the elongated anchor 20a includes only the first suture embedding space 24a. After the distal end of the suture 30 passes through the second opening 22a, it can rotate along the second opening 22a to selectively switch between being restricted outside the distal end of the elongated anchor 20a and being restricted outside the second opening 22a, thereby completing the switch between the undeployed state and the deployed state of the elongated anchor 20. Figure 5 As shown, when the suture 30 is in the undeployed state of the elongated anchor 20, the distal end of the suture 30, after passing through the second opening 22a, extends axially outside the wall of the elongated anchor 20, extending beyond the distal end of the elongated anchor 20a. At this point, only the extended end of the suture 30 is embedded in the first embedding space 24a to reduce its overall radial dimension. The distal end of the suture 30 is not embedded, and therefore its overall radial dimension is necessarily greater than the radial dimension of the elongated anchor 20a.

[0048] It should be particularly noted that, given that the axial length of the slender anchor 20a is much greater than the radial width, the contact area between the suture 30 and the slender anchor 20a will be greatly reduced when the suture 30 passes through the radially extending wire channel 23a compared to the wire channel passing through the axially extending wire channel, such as the wire channel 23d of the slender anchor 20d in the fourth embodiment and the wire channel 23e of the slender anchor 20e in the fifth embodiment. At this time, the risk of breakage caused by long-term wear of the suture 30 will be greatly reduced.

[0049] In some embodiments, the distal end of the suture 30 has a knot 300. After the distal end of the suture 30 passes through the second opening 22a, the distal end of the suture 30 is further tied to form the knot 300. The size of the knot 300 must be larger than the size of the second opening 22a to ensure that the distal end of the suture 30 is always confined outside the elongated anchor 20a, thereby preventing the risk of the distal end of the suture 30 detaching from the elongated anchor 20a and causing the suture to fail to secure. In some embodiments, the suture 30 can be a single suture or a pair of sutures or more. The following description uses a pair of sutures 30 as an example. Specifically, after the distal ends of the two sutures 30 enter the first opening 21a of the elongated anchor 20a and pass through the second opening 22a, the distal ends of the two sutures 30 are tied to form at least one knot 300. However, in the prior art, surgical knots are commonly used during surgical implantation to ensure the stability of the connection between the suture and the elongated anchor, and the number of surgical knots is generally set at 5 to 7. This leads to the disadvantage that the excessive length of the surgical knot can easily cause friction and collision with tissue. In severe cases, this can lead to myocarditis and other indications, thereby aggravating the patient's condition and reducing the patient's survival rate. Furthermore, because manually tied surgical knots are relatively loose, they can easily be tightened during the suture's stress application, resulting in a change in the length of the surgical knot of at least 2 mm. In severe cases, the width of the surgical knot can also decrease, causing the knot to detach from the elongated anchor. To avoid these risks, the present invention preferably uses 3 to 5 simple knots. Furthermore, after forming the simple knots, the length L1 of the knot 300 ranges from 2 mm to 6 mm, the width W1 of the knot 300 ranges from 1.2 mm to 1.8 mm, and the tail length L2 of the suture 30 is 3 mm. Since the length L1 of the three simple knots is only half that of the five surgical knots, the risk of friction and collision with tissue caused by excessive length is greatly reduced. This also further ensures the endothelial attachment effect of the slender anchor 20a after the suture 30 is secured to the tissue. Testing experiments have shown that the minimum connection force between two sutures 30 formed into three simple knots and connected to the slender anchor 30 is 15N, thus meeting the required connection force to ensure connection stability. Furthermore, simple knots are more secure and stable than surgical knots, resulting in less significant displacement between simple knots. Testing has shown that the change in L2 before and after testing is less than 0.5mm, thus maintaining an appropriate tail length L2. Furthermore, the width W1 of the simple knots formed on the same suture is wider than that of the surgical knots, making it less likely that the suture 30 will slip and separate from the slender anchor 20a.

[0050] Thus, when the system 100 is in an initial state, the elongated anchor 20a is in an undeployed state, as shown in FIG. Figure 6As shown, at this point, the elongated anchor 20a, with the suture 30 attached, is loaded within the needle 10. Taking the elongated anchor 20a having two suture embedding spaces as an example, specifically, the elongated anchor 20a is axially positioned horizontally at the distal end of the needle 10. The distal end of the suture 30 is accommodated within the second suture embedding space 25a of the elongated anchor 20a, with the knot 300 at its distal end exposed and confined outside the distal end of the second suture embedding space 25a, and the tail of the suture 30 does not extend beyond the distal end of the needle 10. The extended end of the suture 30 is axially accommodated within the first suture embedding space 24a and extends axially proximally through the needle 10 and out of the body. Simultaneously, the distal end of the push rod 40 abuts the proximal end of the elongated anchor 20a. The push rod 40 extends axially proximally within the needle 10 and is capable of extending axially parallel to the suture 30 within the needle 10. The following describes the implantation process of the system 100 using the mitral valve artificial chordal implantation procedure as an example. Specifically, the sharp distal end 11 of the needle 10 is aligned with the leaflets of the mitral valve and punctured perpendicularly to the leaflets to expose the sharp distal end 11 of the needle 10. Next, the push rod 40 is advanced axially distally outside the body to drive the slender anchor 20a to advance axially distally and pass beyond the sharp distal end 11 of the needle 10 before being released from the needle 10. At this point, Figure 7 As shown, the knot 300 of the suture 30 and the slender anchor 20a will be completely exposed outside the sharp distal end 11 of the needle 10. Under the action of gravity or to maintain a balanced state, the slender anchor 20a will rotate, so that the extended end of the suture 30 is separated from the first buried thread space 24a along the first opening 21a, and the distal end of the suture 30 is separated from the second buried thread space 25a along the second opening 22a, thereby completing the transition of the slender anchor 20a from the undeployed state parallel to the needle 10 to the deployed state at a certain angle to the needle 10 (see FIG. Figure 2 ), at this time, the system 100 is in the released state. In the released state, the knot 300 at the distal end of the suture 30 is switched to be exposed and confined outside the second opening 22a, thereby switching the knot 300 between being confined outside the distal end of the second suture embedding space 25a and being confined outside the second opening 22a.

[0051] Once the slender anchor 20a in the needle 10 is released, the needle 10 is withdrawn from the mitral valve in the body to the outside of the body. At this time, the slender anchor 20a is in an expanded state, the distal end of the suture 30 is attached to the slender anchor 20a, and the extended end of the suture 30 extends through the leaflet to the outside of the body. The proximal end of the suture 30 is pulled outside the body to hold the slender anchor 20a against the leaflet to complete the fixation of the distal end of the suture 30. Since the axial dimension of the slender anchor 20a is much larger than the radial dimension, after the slender anchor 20a rotates, its axial dimension must be larger than the dimension of the puncture hole where the needle 10 punctures the leaflet. Therefore, after the slender anchor 20a is pressed against the leaflet, it will inevitably be unable to detach from the puncture hole in the leaflet. At the same time, if Figure 8As shown, the first opening 21a and the first buried suture space 24a are arranged toward the leaflets, while the second opening 22a, the second buried suture space 25a and the knot 300 are arranged away from the leaflets.

[0052] like Figure 9 As shown, the slender anchor 20a is further used to support the leaflets, such as supporting the ventricular side of the leaflets. Since the slender anchor 20a is made of a high-strength metal material, it is not easy to deform and has good support. Even if a smaller-sized slender anchor 20a is used, the supporting force for supporting the leaflets can be met. For example, for a mitral valve prolapse width of less than 15 mm, it is only necessary to implant a slender anchor 20a with a length of 10 mm in the middle of the leaflet prolapse to achieve an effective support effect. Finally, another set of interventional instruments (not shown) can be introduced to use the ventricular implant 50 to connect the other end of the suture 30 to the ventricular tissue of the mitral valve, such as the papillary muscle or free wall, to form an artificial chordal tendon, thereby replacing or supplementing the natural chordal tendon inside the heart. At this point, the artificial chordal tendon located between the leaflet and the ventricular tissue is established and repaired, thereby effectively preventing mitral valve regurgitation.

[0053] Figure 10-13A schematic diagram of the structure of a slender anchor 20b in a second embodiment is shown. The slender anchor 20b is a metal rod having a distal end, a proximal end, and an outer surface extending from the distal end toward the proximal end. A first central axis X1 extends between the distal and proximal ends of the slender anchor 20b, and the outer surface is radially offset from the first central axis X1. Specifically, a through hole radially extends through the outer surface of the slender anchor 20b to form a first opening 21b, a second opening 22b, and a closed wire passage 23b extending from the first opening 21b toward the second opening 22b. The first opening 21b and the second opening 22b are radially opposed to each other on the outer surface of the slender anchor 20b. In some embodiments, the through hole is positioned in the middle of the elongated anchor 20b and is arranged perpendicular to the first central axis X1 of the elongated anchor 20b to ensure that the distal and proximal ends of the elongated anchor 20b are balanced. In this case, the wire passage 23b extends radially and perpendicularly between the first opening 21b and the second opening 22b. Furthermore, a radial cut is made along the outer surface of the elongated anchor 20b from the first opening 21b and extends axially to the proximal end of the elongated anchor 20b to form a wire embedding platform, thereby forming a first wire embedding space 24b extending axially and communicating with the first opening 21b. A radial cut is made along the outer surface of the elongated anchor 20b from the second opening 22b and extends axially to the distal end of the elongated anchor 20b to form a wire embedding platform, thereby forming a second wire embedding space 25b extending axially and communicating with the second opening 22b. The first wire-burying space 24b and the second wire-burying space 25b are located on both sides of the wire-passing channel 23b. The first wire-burying space 24b, the wire-passing channel 23b and the second wire-burying space 25b are connected to form a substantially Z-shaped suture extension space for accommodating the suture 40.

[0054] Similarly, when the distal end of suture 30 is attached to elongated anchor 20b, given that first buried space 24b is connected to first opening 21b, the extended end of suture 30 extending from first opening 21b can selectively switch along first opening 21b between being contained in first buried space 24b and being removed from first buried space 24b. Simultaneously, given that second buried space 25b is connected to second opening 22b, the distal end of suture 30, after passing through second opening 22b, can selectively switch along second opening 22b between being contained in second buried space 25b and being removed from second buried space 25b. In this manner, the distal end of suture 30 can selectively switch between being confined outside the distal end of second buried space 25b and being confined outside second opening 22b.

[0055] Furthermore, to reduce the weight of the elongated anchor 20b and thereby minimize the motion burden caused by its prolonged stay in the tissue, the elongated anchor 20b also includes at least one pair of hollow portions 26b extending radially therethrough. Each pair of hollow portions 26b is symmetrically positioned on either side of the wire-passing channel 23b and is connected to the first wire-embedded space 24b or the second wire-embedded space 25b, ensuring that the distal and proximal ends of the elongated anchor 20b maintain balance. In some embodiments, the hollow portions 26b are a pair, comprising a first hollow portion 261b and a second hollow portion 262b. Specifically, the first hollow portion 261b is located proximally of the wire-passing channel 23b and is connected to the first wire-embedded space 24b; the second hollow portion 262b is located distally of the wire-passing channel 23b and is connected to the second wire-embedded space 25b.

[0056] It is understandable that a knot 300 is further provided at the distal end of the suture 30 to avoid the risk of the distal end of the suture 30 detaching from the slender anchor 20b and causing the suture fixation to fail. Since this feature is the same as the slender anchor 20a in the first embodiment, please refer to the detailed description of the first embodiment for details and will not be repeated here.

[0057] Thus, when the system 100 is in the initial state, as shown in FIG. Figure 12 As shown, at this point, the elongated anchor 20b is axially positioned horizontally at the distal end of the needle 10. After the distal end of the suture 30 is accommodated in the second suture embedding space 25b of the elongated anchor 20b, the knot 300 at its distal end is exposed and confined outside the distal end of the second suture embedding space 25b, and the tail of the suture 30 does not extend beyond the distal end of the needle 10. The extended end of the suture 30 is axially accommodated in the first suture embedding space 24b and extends axially proximally through the needle 10. Simultaneously, the distal end of the push rod 40 abuts the proximal end of the elongated anchor 20b. The push rod 40 extends axially proximally within the needle 10, extending axially parallel to the suture 30 within the needle 10. After the sharp distal end 11 of the needle 10 is aligned with the target tissue location and punctures the tissue, the push rod 40 is distally advanced to release the elongated anchor 20b from the needle 10. Under the action of gravity or in order to maintain a balanced state, the slender anchor 20b will rotate to switch the system 100 to the release state. At this time, the extended end of the suture 30 will be detached from the first buried suture space 24b along the first opening 21b, and the distal end of the suture 30 will be detached from the second buried suture space 25b along the second opening 22b. The knot 300 at the distal end of the suture 30 is switched to be exposed and confined outside the second opening 22b. That is, the knot 300 can selectively switch between being confined outside the distal end of the second buried suture space 25b and being confined outside the second opening 22b. Once the slender anchor 20b in the needle 10 is released, the needle 10 is withdrawn from the tissue; at this time, as shown in FIG. Figure 13As shown, the elongated anchor 20b is pressed against the tissue to fix the suture 30, with the first opening 21b and the first suture embedding space 24b facing the tissue, and the second opening 22b, the second suture embedding space 25b and the knot 300 facing away from the tissue.

[0058] Figure 14-16A schematic diagram of the structure of a slender anchor 20c in a third embodiment is shown. The slender anchor 20c is a metal rod with an outer diameter ranging from 0.8 mm to 1.5 mm and a length ranging from 5 mm to 10 mm. The slender anchor 20c has a distal end, a proximal end, and an outer surface extending from the distal end toward the proximal end. A first central axis X1 extends between the distal and proximal ends of the slender anchor 20c, and the outer surface is radially offset from the first central axis X1. Specifically, radial cuts are cut from opposite sides of the outer surface of the slender anchor 20c and extend axially to the two ends (distal and proximal ends) of the slender anchor 20c, forming two opposing cable embedding grooves 201c and 202c. Next, a cut is made from the proximal end of the elongated anchor 20c along the axial direction of the two cable embedding grooves 201c and 202c toward the midpoint of the elongated anchor 20c to form a first extended groove 203c with three open ends. A cut is made from the distal end of the elongated anchor 20c along the axial direction of the two cable embedding grooves 201c and 202c toward the midpoint of the elongated anchor 20c to form a second extended groove 204c with three open ends. In some embodiments, the radial width of the first extended groove 203c and the second extended groove 204c ranges from 2 mm to 5 mm to allow for the free passage of the suture 30. At this point, the first extended groove 203c and the second extended groove 204c can communicate with the two middle cable embedding grooves 201c and 202c remaining after the cut, forming a cable embedding portion 207c located in the midpoint of the elongated anchor 20c. The two intermediate cable embedding grooves 201c and 202c are located at opposite radial ends of the cable embedding portion 207c. The first extension groove 203c and the second extension groove 204c are symmetrically spaced apart on opposite axial sides of the cable embedding portion 207c to ensure that the distal and proximal ends of the slender anchor 20c remain balanced. The extension grooves 203c and 204c are symmetrically provided with radial connecting portions 205c and 206c. Each radial connecting portion 205c or 206c surrounds the corresponding extension groove 203c or 204c to form two pairs of first openings 21c and second openings 22c, and two closed cable passages 23c extending radially from the first openings 21c to the second openings 22c. These passages allow the suture 30 to pass radially through the cable and prevent the suture 30 from escaping from the extension grooves 203c or 204c. At this time, the two first openings 21c are connected to the middle cable burying groove 201c and are axially arranged on both sides of the middle cable burying groove 201c. The two second openings 22c are connected to the middle cable burying groove 202c and are axially arranged on both sides of the middle cable burying groove 202c. Furthermore, to enhance the strength of the slender anchor 20c, radial connecting portions 205c and 206c are respectively provided near the ends of the slender anchor 20c to prevent the risk of the ends of the slender anchor 20c being easily broken.

[0059] It should be noted that if Figure 15As shown, the space formed by the middle buried wire groove 201c, the first extension groove 203c and the radial connection portion 205c is defined as the first buried wire space 24c, and the space formed by the middle buried wire groove 202c, the second extension groove 204c and the radial connection portion 206c is defined as the second buried wire space 25c, which is used to axially accommodate the suture 30. In order to increase the embedding effect of the suture 30 and minimize the exposure of the slender anchor 20c in the radial direction of the suture 30, the diameter d of the radial connection portions 205c and 206c must not be higher than the height of the buried wire portion 207c. In some embodiments, the height H of the buried wire portion 207c (see Figure 16 ) ranges from 0.5 to 1.1 mm, and the diameter d ranges from 0.3 to 0.6 mm. Furthermore, the width of the thread-embedding portion 207c is greater than the diameter of the suture 30 to freely accommodate the suture 30. For example, the width can range from 1.0 to 1.6 mm. Of course, to further reduce the possibility of the suture 30 radially exposing the slender anchor 20c, in other embodiments, the radial connecting portions 205c and 206c are asymmetrically arranged, with the radial connecting portion 205c radially away from the middle thread-embedding groove 201c, and the radial connecting portion 206c radially away from the middle thread-embedding groove 202c, thereby increasing the spatial extent of the first thread-embedding space 24c and the second thread-embedding space 25c.

[0060] Then, when it is necessary to attach the suture 30 to the slender anchor 20c, taking the double sutures 30 as an example, the two distal ends of the two sutures 30 are manipulated to enter the corresponding wire-passing channels 23c from the two first openings 21c of the slender anchor 20c, and then pass out from the corresponding second openings 22c, and then the two distal ends of the two sutures 30 are formed into at least one knot 300 by tying a knot. Since the specific features of the knot 300 are the same as those of the slender anchor 20a in the first embodiment, please refer to the detailed description of the first embodiment for details, which will not be repeated here. Among them, the distal end of the suture 30 passing through the second opening 22c is accommodated in the second buried wire space 25c, and the knot 300 at its distal end is exposed and restricted outside the distal end of the second buried wire space 25c; at the same time, after the extended end of the suture 30 passing through the first opening 21c is axially accommodated in the first buried wire space 24c, the slender anchor 20c is axially loaded on the distal end of the needle 10 as a whole. At this time, the system 100 is in the initial state, as shown in FIG. Figure 15As shown in the figure, in the initial state, the tail of suture 30 does not extend beyond the distal end of needle 10, and the extended end of suture 30 further extends axially proximally through needle 10. Simultaneously, the distal end of push rod 40 abuts the proximal end of elongated anchor 20c. Push rod 40 extends axially proximally within needle 10 and can extend axially parallel to suture 30 within needle 10. After the sharp distal end 11 of needle 10 is aligned with the target location of tissue and punctures the tissue, push rod 40 is pushed distally to drive elongated anchor 20c out of needle 10. Under the action of gravity or in order to maintain a balanced state, the slender anchor 20c will rotate to switch the system 100 to the release state. At this time, the two extended ends of the suture 30 will each be separated from the first buried suture space 24c along the two first openings 21c, and the two distal ends of the suture 30 will each be separated from the second buried suture space 25c along the two second openings 22c. The knot 300 at the distal end of the suture 30 will be switched to a middle position between the two second openings 22c. Once the slender anchor 20c in the needle 10 is released, the needle 10 is withdrawn from the tissue. At this time, as shown in FIG. Figure 16 As shown, the elongated anchor 20c is abutted against the tissue to secure the suture 30. The two first openings 21c and the first suture embedding space 24c of the elongated anchor 20c are disposed toward the tissue, while the two second openings 22c, the second suture embedding space 25c, and the knot 300 are disposed away from the tissue. Furthermore, the two extended ends of the suture 30 abut against the suture embedding portion 207c.

[0061] Figure 17-19A schematic diagram of the structure of a slender anchor 20d in a fourth embodiment is shown. The slender anchor 20d is a hollow metal tube structure or a high-hardness polymer tube structure, and has a distal end, a proximal end, a first central axis X1 extending between the distal and proximal ends, and a tube wall radially offset from the first central axis X1. Specifically, a proximal first opening 21d is formed by axially cutting along the tube wall of the slender anchor 20d from the proximal end to a position near the middle, and a distal first opening 21d is formed by axially cutting along the tube wall of the slender anchor 20d from the distal end to a position near the middle, using laser cutting or machining. In other words, the slender anchor 21d has two first openings 21d. The two first openings 21d are located on the same side of the first central axis X1 of the slender anchor 20d and are symmetrically spaced to ensure that the distal and proximal ends of the slender anchor 20d remain balanced. Furthermore, the distal opening of the elongated anchor 20d is defined as a second opening 22d, the space formed from the distal end of the elongated anchor 20d to the distal end of the proximal first opening 21d is defined as a wire passage 23d, and the space formed from the proximal end of the elongated anchor 20d to the distal end of the proximal first opening 21d is defined as a first wire embedding space 24d. Here, the wire passage 23d extends between the first opening 21d and the second opening 22d and is coaxially connected to the first wire embedding space 24d to form a second elongated inner lumen 200d that axially extends from the proximal end to the distal end of the elongated anchor 20d. The inner diameter of the second elongated inner lumen 200d is the inner diameter of the tubular body of the elongated anchor 20d.

[0062] Then, when it is necessary to attach a suture 30 to the elongated anchor 20d, using two sutures 30 as an example, the distal ends of the two sutures 30 are manipulated to enter the thread passage 23d through the two first openings 21d of the elongated anchor 20d and simultaneously exit through the second opening 22d. The distal ends of the two sutures 30 are then tied to form at least one knot 300. Since the specific features of the knot 300 are the same as those of the elongated anchor 20a in the first embodiment, please refer to the detailed description of the first embodiment for details and will not be repeated here. At this point, the knot 300 at the distal end of the suture 30 is exposed and confined outside the second opening 22d. Since the axial direction of the knot 300 is aligned with the axial direction of the elongated anchor 20d, the risk of collision and friction between the knot 300 and tissue is eliminated. Next, the extended end of at least one suture 30 passing through the first opening 21d is axially accommodated in the first thread embedding space 24d, and the elongated anchor 20d is integrally loaded axially on the distal end of the needle 10. At this time, the system 100 is in the initial state, as shown in FIG. Figure 18As shown in the figure, in the initial state, the tail of the suture 30 does not extend beyond the distal end of the needle 10, and the extended end of the suture 30 further extends axially proximally through the needle 10. Simultaneously, the distal end of the push rod 40 abuts the proximal end of the elongated anchor 20d. The push rod 40 extends axially proximally within the needle 10, extending axially parallel to the suture 30 within the needle 10. After the sharp distal end 11 of the needle 10 is aligned with the target tissue location and punctured, the push rod 40 is distally advanced to release the elongated anchor 20d from the needle 10. Under the influence of gravity or to maintain equilibrium, the elongated anchor 20d rotates, causing the system 100 to switch to the released state. At this point, at least one extended end of the suture 30 is released from the first suture embedding space 24d along the first opening 21d, while the knot 300 at the distal end of the suture 30 remains confined outside the second opening 22d. Once the release of the elongated anchor 20d within the needle 10 is complete, the needle 10 is withdrawn from the tissue; at this point, as shown in FIG. Figure 19 As shown, the elongated anchor 20d is pressed against the tissue to secure the suture 30. The two first openings 21d and the first suture embedding space 24d of the elongated anchor 20d are disposed toward the tissue, and the two extending ends of the suture 30 are respectively pressed against the distal side of the proximal first opening 21d and the proximal side of the distal first opening 21d.

[0063] Figure 20-22 A schematic diagram of the structure of a slender anchor 20e in a fifth embodiment is shown. The slender anchor 20e comprises a hollow metal tube or a relatively hard polymer tube, and has a distal end, a proximal end, a first central axis X1 extending between the distal and proximal ends, and a tube wall radially offset from the first central axis X1. Specifically, a first opening 21e is formed by laser cutting or machining, axially cutting along the tube wall of the slender anchor 20e from its proximal end to a position near the middle. Simultaneously, the distal opening of the slender anchor 20d is defined as a second opening 22d, the space enclosed from the distal end of the slender anchor 20e to the distal end of the first opening 21e is defined as a wire passage 23e, and the space enclosed from the proximal end of the slender anchor 20e to the distal end of the first opening 21e is defined as a first wire embedding space 24e. At this time, the wire-passing channel 23e extends between the first opening 21e and the second opening 22e, and is coaxially connected with the first wire-burying space 24e to form a third slender inner cavity 200e that passes axially from the proximal end to the distal end of the slender anchor 20e, and the inner diameter of the second slender inner cavity 200e is the inner diameter of the tube body of the slender anchor 20e.

[0064] When attaching a suture 30 to the elongated anchor 20e, using two sutures 30 as an example, the distal ends of the two sutures 30 are manipulated through the first opening 21e of the elongated anchor 20e into the thread passage 23e and simultaneously pass through the second opening 22e. The distal ends of the two sutures 30 are then tied to form at least one knot 300. The specific features of the knot 300 are identical to those of the elongated anchor 20a in the first embodiment, and details are provided in the detailed description of the first embodiment, which will not be repeated here. At this point, the knot 300 at the distal end of the suture 30 is exposed and confined outside the second opening 22e. Since the axial direction of the knot 300 aligns with the axial direction of the elongated anchor 20e, the risk of collision and friction between the knot 300 and tissue is eliminated. Next, the extended ends of the two sutures 30 passing through the first opening 21e are axially accommodated in the first thread embedding space 24e, and the elongated anchor 20e is integrally loaded axially on the distal end of the needle 10. At this time, the system 100 is in the initial state, as shown in FIG. Figure 21 As shown in the figure, in the initial state, the tail of the suture 30 does not extend beyond the distal end of the needle 10, and the extended end of the suture 30 further extends axially proximally through the needle 10. Simultaneously, the distal end of the push rod 40 abuts the proximal end of the elongated anchor 20e. The push rod 40 extends axially proximally within the needle 10, extending axially parallel to the suture 30 within the needle 10. After the sharp distal end 11 of the needle 10 is aligned with the target tissue location and punctured, the push rod 40 is distally advanced to release the elongated anchor 20e from the needle 10. Under the influence of gravity or to maintain equilibrium, the elongated anchor 20e rotates, causing the system 100 to switch to the released state. At this point, the two extended ends of the suture 30 are released from the first suture embedding space 24e along the first opening 21e, while the knot 300 at the distal end of the suture 30 remains confined outside the second opening 22e. Once the release of the elongated anchor 20e within the needle 10 is complete, the needle 10 is withdrawn from the tissue; at this point, as shown in FIG. Figure 22 As shown, the elongated anchor 20e is pressed against the tissue to fix the suture 30. The first opening 21e and the first suture embedding space 24e of the elongated anchor 20e are disposed toward the tissue, and the two extending ends of the suture 30 are pressed against the distal end of the first opening 21e.

[0065] It is understood that in order to improve the endothelial climbing effect of the elongated anchor 20, in some embodiments, such as Figure 23 and 24 As shown, the applicant can increase the porosity of the elongated anchor 20 by providing micropores 2000 on the outer surface of the elongated anchor 20, such as circular holes, square holes, elliptical holes, triangular holes or polygonal holes. Figure 23The outer surface of the elongated anchor 20 is shown as having a plurality of circular holes 2000a arranged circumferentially, wherein each circular hole 2000a radially penetrates the tube wall or sidewall of the elongated anchor 20. The circular holes 2000a preferably have a diameter ranging from 0.06 mm to 0.09 mm, and the preferred spacing between two adjacent circular holes 2000a ranges from 0.025 mm to 0.05 mm. Figure 24 The outer surface of the elongated anchor 20 is shown as having a plurality of square holes 2000b arranged circumferentially. Each square hole 2000b radially extends through the wall or sidewall of the elongated anchor 20. The preferred length of each square hole 2000b ranges from 0.08 mm to 0.13 mm, the preferred width ranges from 0.025 mm to 0.03 mm, and the preferred spacing between adjacent square holes 2000b ranges from 0.025 mm to 0.05 mm. This hollow design of micropores on the outer surface of the elongated anchor 20 increases the surface area and porosity of the elongated anchor 20, thereby increasing the contact surface with blood. This improves endothelial attachment and shortens attachment time. Experimental testing has confirmed that the micropores in the elongated anchor 20 facilitate cell attachment without causing thrombosis or inflammation. Of course, in other embodiments, the applicant may also coat the outer surface of the slender anchor 20 with a microporous film, such as a microporous PET film or a microporous polymer film. Alternatively, the outer surface of the slender anchor 20 may be processed to form a non-smooth surface, such as by sandblasting or processing textures on the outer surface of the slender anchor 20, to improve the endothelial adhesion effect of the slender anchor 20.

[0066] The above is an implementation of the embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the embodiment of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention. The above is an implementation of the embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the embodiment of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An elongated anchor for securing a suture to tissue, characterized in that The elongated anchor comprises: Two first openings; two secondary openings; a wire-passing channel extending from each first opening to the corresponding second opening, each wire-passing channel extending radially between the corresponding first opening and the corresponding second opening; and a first wire-burying space extending in the axial direction, wherein the first wire-burying space is connected to the two first openings; Among them, each first opening and each second opening are radially oppositely arranged on both sides of the slender anchor, and the two first openings are axially arranged on both sides of the first wire embedding space; at least two distal ends of at least two sutures can respectively enter the corresponding wire passing channels through the two first openings, and pass through the corresponding second openings to attach to the slender anchor; at least two extended ends of the at least two sutures can jointly and selectively switch between being accommodated in the first wire embedding space and being separated from the first wire embedding space.

2. The elongated anchor according to claim 1, wherein The slender anchor also includes a second wire-embedded space extending axially, and the second wire-embedded space is connected to the two second openings. After the at least two distal ends of the at least two sutures pass through the corresponding second openings, they can be selectively switched between being accommodated in the second wire-embedded space and being separated from the second wire-embedded space.

3. The elongated anchor according to claim 2, wherein: The elongated anchor has opposite distal and proximal ends. The first wire embedding space extends axially from the two first openings to the proximal end of the elongated anchor. The second wire embedding space extends axially from the two second openings to the distal end of the elongated anchor.

4. The elongated anchor according to claim 3, wherein The first wire-embedding space and the second wire-embedding space are located on both sides of the two wire-passing channels. The first wire-embedding space and the second wire-embedding space are respectively connected to the two wire-passing channels to form two spaced-apart Z-shaped suture extension spaces.

5. The elongated anchor according to claim 3, wherein: A first extension groove is formed by extending axially from the proximal end of the slender anchor toward the adjacent middle position of the slender anchor, and a second extension groove is formed by extending axially from the distal end of the slender anchor toward the adjacent middle position of the slender anchor. The first extension groove and the second extension groove are arranged at intervals, and a radial connecting portion is provided in each extension groove. Each extension groove and the corresponding radial connecting portion surround each first opening, the second opening and the wire-passing channel.

6. The elongated anchor according to claim 5, wherein Two oppositely arranged cable embedding grooves are formed by radially cutting two oppositely arranged cable embedding grooves and axially extending to the distal end and the proximal end of the slender anchor.

7. The elongated anchor according to claim 2, wherein: At least two distal ends of the at least two sutures form at least one knot, and the knot is exposed and confined outside the distal end of the second suture embedding space.

8. The elongated anchor according to claim 1, wherein: The slender anchor is a metal rod structure, the outer diameter of the rod is in the range of 0.8mm-1.5mm, and the length is in the range of 5mm-10mm.

9. The elongated anchor according to claim 1, wherein: At least a portion of the outer surface of the elongated anchor is non-smooth.

10. The elongated anchor according to claim 9, wherein The slender anchor is made of a porous material, or the outer surface of the slender anchor has micropores, or the outer surface of the slender anchor is covered with a film having micropores, or the outer surface of the slender anchor is a non-smooth surface.

11. The elongated anchor of claim 2, wherein: The elongated anchor can be abutted against the tissue to support the tissue. When the elongated anchor is abutted against the tissue, the two first openings and the first suture embedding space are disposed toward the tissue, and the two second openings and the second suture embedding space are disposed away from the tissue.

12. A system for deploying an elongated anchor, characterized in that The system comprises: a needle having a sharp distal end for piercing tissue; At least two sutures; and The slender anchor according to any one of claims 1 to 11; The system has an initial state and a released state. In the initial state, the slender anchor is axially loaded on the distal end of the needle, and the at least two extended ends of the at least two sutures are accommodated in the first buried suture space and extend through the needle to the body; in the released state, the slender anchor is released from the distal end of the needle and is set at an angle to the needle, and the at least two extended ends of the at least two sutures are separated from the first buried suture space.

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