Adsorption device suitable for treatment of foreign gases with different concentrations and adsorption method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an adsorption device adapted to treatment of foreign gases with different concentrations and an adsorption method thereof.The adsorption device comprises an air quality self-adaptive control system and a first adsorption device, a second adsorption device to an nth adsorption device which are sequentially connected in series, n is larger than or equal to 3, and n is larger than or equal to 1. The air quality self-adaptive control system is used for monitoring the concentration of one impurity, such as CO2 concentration, in raw material gas, judging whether adsorption devices need to be additionally connected in series on the basis of the first adsorption device or not and judging the number of the adsorption devices connected in series, and can be adjusted to adapt to air quality change and climate change according to the content of impurities such as carbon dioxide in the atmospheric environment; the intelligent switching of the purification device is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of air separation, specifically to the technical field of gas purification, and in particular to an adsorption device and an adsorption method thereof suitable for treating impurity gases with different concentrations. Background Art

[0002] At present, the main method for large-scale production of high-purity industrial gases is low-temperature air distillation, which relies on low-temperature air separation equipment. Gas purification devices are important components of air separation units, energy storage, CCUS and other systems. They can remove gas impurities such as moisture, hydrocarbons, and carbon dioxide from raw gas to ensure that such impurities do not freeze and block at low temperatures, and that dangerous impurities do not accumulate and explode, thereby ensuring the safe operation of subsequent systems.

[0003] With the rapid development of social economy, the rapid growth of demand for industrial gases in metallurgy, coal chemical industry, petrochemical industry and other industries has prompted the rapid increase in the scale of air separation units. The expansion of equipment has put forward higher requirements for the efficient, long-term and stable operation of purification units.

[0004] With the continuous development of industrial technology, atmospheric environmental conditions are also gradually deteriorating. At present, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the industrial environment has increased from the common 450ppm in the early days to 1000ppm, and there are even occasions where the concentration of carbon dioxide in the environment has reached 6000ppm. In addition, the operating site environment is affected by the production emissions of other chemical plants in the surrounding industrial parks, causing the concentration of carbon dioxide in the environment to fluctuate widely in a short period of time, which poses a great challenge to the safe and stable operation of the purification device.

[0005] CN 109876594 A discloses an air adsorption purification system in an air separation device, comprising: a first adsorption tower; a second adsorption tower, the first adsorption tower and the second adsorption tower are connected in parallel, and a CO2 detector is set at the outlet end of the first adsorption tower and the second adsorption tower; a heat exchanger, the inlet end of the heat exchanger is connected to the polluted nitrogen, and the outlet end of the heat exchanger is connected in series with the first adsorption tower and the second adsorption tower; a PLC control system, the PLC control system controls the switching of the first adsorption tower and the second adsorption tower based on the CO2 content data detected by the CO2 detector, so that one is used for adsorption and the other is used for regeneration-cooling, so as to ensure the normal operation of the air adsorption purification system. CN 103373716 A discloses a purification and recovery device for argon gas discharged in a single crystal silicon preparation process, wherein in an adsorption purification system D for removing carbon dioxide and moisture, two adsorbers are used for switching, that is, they are set in parallel, one is working, and the other is regenerating, and the adsorber in the adsorption purification system D adopts a vertical radial flow adsorption bed form, or a horizontal adsorption bed form.

[0006] However, since the content of impurity gases such as carbon dioxide in the atmosphere may fluctuate greatly with the change of seasons and industrial production cycles, if the purification device is switched according to fixed cycles and equipment, when the impurity content in the atmosphere increases, the adsorption may not be complete, causing the content of moisture, carbon dioxide, etc. to exceed the standard, which will bring hidden dangers to the air separation operation. When the impurity content decreases, it may cause insufficient utilization of adsorbents and purification equipment, increasing system energy consumption. Moreover, most of the large-scale purification devices currently put into production use horizontal adsorbers. The limited internal space is fully utilized but still cannot cope with harsh environmental changes, and the equipment occupies a large area. In the space with limited geographical area, vertical radial flow adsorbers have been widely used due to their advantages such as small footprint, low comprehensive resistance, low operating cost, and low energy consumption.

[0007] In summary, it is necessary to develop an adsorption device and an adsorption method that can adapt to the treatment of impurity gases with different concentrations, which can adapt to changes in air quality and climate change according to the content of impurities such as carbon dioxide in the atmospheric environment, and realize intelligent switching of purification devices. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an adsorption device and an adsorption method thereof that are adaptable to the treatment of impurity gases with different concentrations, wherein the adsorption device comprises an air quality adaptive control system and a first adsorption device, a second adsorption device to an nth adsorption device connected in series in sequence, wherein n≥3, and the concentration of an impurity in the raw gas, such as the CO2 concentration, is monitored by the air quality adaptive control system to determine whether it is necessary to connect additional adsorption devices in series on the basis of the first adsorption device and the number of adsorption devices connected in series, and adjustments can be made to adapt to changes in air quality and climate change according to the content of impurities such as carbon dioxide in the atmospheric environment, thereby realizing intelligent switching of the purification device.

[0009] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0010] One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide an adsorption device that is suitable for treating impurity gases with different concentrations, comprising a first adsorption device, a second adsorption device to an nth adsorption device connected in series in sequence, wherein n≥3.

[0011] The raw gas is connected to the inlet of the first adsorption device, and an air quality adaptive control system is arranged on the connecting pipeline connecting the raw gas and the inlet of the first adsorption device to monitor the concentration of an impurity in the raw gas.

[0012] An outlet pipeline is provided at the outlet of the first adsorption device for drawing out the purified gas; the outlet of the second adsorption device to the outlet of the nth adsorption device are independently connected to the series collecting pipeline for drawing out the purified gas.

[0013] An adsorption inlet switch valve is independently set from the inlet of the second adsorption device to the inlet of the nth adsorption device, and an adsorption outlet switch valve is independently set from the outlet of the second adsorption device to the outlet of the nth adsorption device. The air quality adaptive control system independently realizes signal connection with the adsorption inlet switch valve and the adsorption outlet switch valve, and judges whether it is necessary to connect additional adsorption devices in series on the basis of the first adsorption device and the number of adsorption devices connected in series based on the concentration of an impurity in the monitored raw gas.

[0014] The adsorption device described in the present invention includes an air quality adaptive control system and a first adsorption device, a second adsorption device to an nth adsorption device connected in series in sequence, wherein n≥3. The air quality adaptive control system monitors the concentration of an impurity in the raw gas, such as the CO2 concentration, to determine whether it is necessary to connect additional adsorption devices in series on the basis of the first adsorption device and the number of adsorption devices connected in series. Adjustments can be made to adapt to changes in air quality and climate change according to the content of impurities such as carbon dioxide in the atmospheric environment, thereby realizing intelligent switching of the purification device.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the first adsorption device includes two mutually parallel adsorbers filled with adsorbents, and both ends of the adsorption device are sealed. After the gas passes through the adsorption device, impurities in the gas, such as moisture and carbon dioxide, can be removed to achieve gas purification; the raw gas is connected to the collecting pipeline at the inlet, and the air quality adaptive control system is arranged on the collecting pipeline at the inlet.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the second adsorption device to the nth adsorption device are respectively and independently adsorbers filled with adsorbents, and both ends of the adsorbers are sealed. After the gas passes through the adsorption device, impurities in the gas can be further removed. Through the efficient adsorption of the adsorption devices in series, gas treatment with ultra-high impurity concentrations can be achieved, such as the treatment of ultra-high concentration CO2.

[0017] It should be noted that most of the adsorption devices in the prior art are horizontal adsorbers. The present invention provides a new idea, that is, on the basis of the existing adsorption device, the second adsorption device to the nth adsorption device can be further connected in series, and the adsorption device in series adopts a radial flow adsorber. By connecting one or more adsorption devices with a small footprint and a large processing capacity in series, it can not only solve the problem of space shortage in the purification devices currently in use, but also can cope with the problem of severe environmental changes. It can adapt to changes in air quality and climate change according to the content of impurities such as carbon dioxide in the atmospheric environment, and realize intelligent switching of the purification device.

[0018] It should be noted that, under normal circumstances, the raw gas continuously enters the adsorption device for adsorption, that is, the air separation system is always in operation, so the first adsorption device includes two adsorbers connected in parallel and filled with adsorbents. When one adsorber needs to be regenerated, it is switched to the other adsorber for adsorption.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the adsorption device adapted to the treatment of impurity gases of different concentrations also includes a regeneration system and an ESC total control system, the regeneration gas source is connected to the inlet of the regeneration system, and the outlet of the regeneration system is connected to the series aggregation pipeline; the ESC total control system realizes signal connection with the air quality adaptive control system.

[0020] The regeneration system includes a heating device and a bypass line arranged in parallel, a heating line switch valve is arranged at the inlet of the heating device, a bypass line switch valve is arranged at the bypass line, and the ESC general control system is independently connected to the heating line switch valve and the bypass line switch valve; pipelines with regeneration outlet switch valves are independently arranged between the first adsorption device, the second adsorption device to the nth adsorption device, and pipelines with regeneration inlet switch valves connected to the series summary pipeline are independently arranged at the outlets of the first adsorption device, the second adsorption device to the nth adsorption device, and the ESC general control system is independently connected to the regeneration inlet switch valve and the regeneration outlet switch valve; an exhaust pipeline is arranged at the inlet of the first adsorption device, and the exhaust pipeline is connected to the gas safety place, so as to discharge the gas generated by the regeneration process to the gas safety place for treatment.

[0021] It should be noted that the inlet and outlet of the adsorption device are described relative to the flow direction of the raw gas during the adsorption process. Therefore, the regeneration inlet switch valve through which the regeneration gas source flows is set at the outlet of the adsorption device.

[0022] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a measuring and regulating device is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the regeneration gas source and the inlet of the regeneration system; the measuring and regulating device includes a pressure regulating device, a flow regulating device and a precision instrument; and the ESC total control system realizes signal connection with the measuring and regulating device.

[0023] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the pressure regulating device includes a pressure reducing valve; the pressure regulating device is signal-connected with the ESC overall control system to achieve adjustable pressure of the regeneration gas source.

[0024] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the flow regulating device includes a flow control valve and a flow meter; the flow regulating device is signal-connected with the ESC overall control system, so that the flow of the regeneration gas source can be controlled.

[0025] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the precision instrument includes a thermometer and a pressure gauge; the precision instrument is used to monitor the temperature and pressure of the regeneration gas source and feed back the relevant measurement data to the ESC overall control system in real time.

[0026] The second object of the present invention is to provide an adsorption method suitable for treating impurity gases with different concentrations, the adsorption method comprising the following contents:

[0027] Based on the air quality adaptive control system, the concentration of an impurity in the raw gas, such as CO2 concentration, is monitored.

[0028] If the monitoring value is ≤ the design value, it means that the concentration of an impurity in the raw gas, such as CO2 concentration, is within the normal range. The adsorption inlet switch valve and the adsorption outlet switch valve corresponding to the second adsorption device to the nth adsorption device are all closed, and only the first adsorption device is used for adsorption work, and purified gas is obtained after adsorption purification.

[0029] If the monitoring value is greater than the design value, it means that the concentration of an impurity in the raw gas, such as CO2 concentration, exceeds the normal range. The air quality adaptive control system determines the number of additional adsorption devices connected in series on the basis of the first adsorption device based on the degree of exceeding the standard, and determines that the adsorption device at the end of the series is the i-th adsorption device, wherein 2≤i≤n, and opens all the adsorption inlet switch valves upstream of the i-th adsorption device, opens the adsorption outlet switch valve of the i-th adsorption device, and closes all the other adsorption inlet switch valves and adsorption outlet switch valves, so that the first adsorption device to the i-th adsorption device are connected in series to perform adsorption work, and purified gas is obtained after adsorption purification.

[0030] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the adsorption method further includes: automatically switching to the regeneration system based on the ESC overall control system to perform a regeneration process, wherein the regeneration process includes pressure relief, heating, cooling and pressurization performed in sequence.

[0031] The heating includes: based on the ESC main control system, controlling the heating pipeline switch valve to open and the bypass pipeline switch valve to close, so that the regeneration gas source enters the heating device to be heated; based on the ESC main control system, controlling the regeneration inlet switch valve and the regeneration outlet switch valve, so that the heated regeneration gas source enters the series collection pipeline and the corresponding adsorption device in turn, and heats the adsorbent inside the adsorption device participating in the adsorption work, thereby removing the moisture and impurities previously adsorbed by the adsorbent.

[0032] The cooling includes: based on the ESC main control system, controlling the heating pipeline switch valve to close and the bypass pipeline switch valve to open, so that the regeneration gas source passes through the bypass pipeline; based on the ESC main control system, controlling the regeneration inlet switch valve and the regeneration outlet switch valve, so that the regeneration gas source directly enters the series summary pipeline and the corresponding adsorption device in sequence, and cooling the adsorbent inside the heated adsorption device.

[0033] The gas generated by the regeneration process is discharged to a gas safety location for treatment.

[0034] It should be noted that, under normal circumstances, the first adsorption device described in the present invention, that is, two mutually parallel adsorbers filled with adsorbents, can meet the adsorption requirements of gas treatment, and the content of impurities such as carbon dioxide exceeds the standard less frequently, that is, the need to connect additional adsorption devices in series on the basis of the first adsorption device is less common, and the additional adsorption devices in series are used intermittently. When no additional adsorption devices connected in series are put into use, and only the first adsorption device needs to be regenerated, the air quality adaptive control system will close all the adsorption inlet switch valves and adsorption outlet switch valves corresponding to the additional adsorption devices connected in series, and the ESC general control system will close all the regeneration inlet switch valves and regeneration outlet switch valves corresponding to the additional adsorption devices connected in series, and open the regeneration inlet switch valve corresponding to the first adsorption device, so that the regeneration gas source directly enters the first adsorption device from the series summary pipeline; when an additional adsorption device connected in series is put into use and needs to be regenerated, the adsorption device at the end of the series is determined to be the i-th adsorption device, the air quality adaptive control system will close all the adsorption inlet switch valves and adsorption outlet switch valves corresponding to the additional adsorption devices connected in series, and the ESC general control system will open the regeneration inlet switch valve of the i-th adsorption device, open all the regeneration outlet switch valves upstream of the i-th adsorption device, and close all the remaining regeneration inlet switch valves and regeneration outlet switch valves, so that the first adsorption device to the i-th adsorption device are connected in series for regeneration treatment, and the gas generated by the regeneration treatment is discharged centrally to a gas safety area for treatment.

[0035] Compared with the prior art solutions, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0036] (1) The adsorption device of the present invention comprises an air quality adaptive control system and a first adsorption device, a second adsorption device to an nth adsorption device connected in series in sequence, wherein n≥3. The air quality adaptive control system monitors the concentration of an impurity in the raw gas, such as the CO2 concentration, to determine whether it is necessary to connect additional adsorption devices in series on the basis of the first adsorption device and the number of adsorption devices connected in series. The air quality adaptive control system can be used to adapt to changes in air quality and climate according to the content of impurities such as carbon dioxide in the atmospheric environment, thereby realizing intelligent switching of the purification device.

[0037] (2) The adsorption device of the present invention is based on actual industrial needs. When the concentration of an impurity in the imported raw gas exceeds the standard, for example, when the CO2 content exceeds the standard, while ensuring that other conditions remain unchanged, one or more adsorbers are connected in series with the purification device to treat the ultra-high concentration CO2, so that the CO2 content at the outlet of the entire purification system reaches the designed value, thereby ensuring that the CO2 content entering the cold box is less than or equal to 1ppm, controlling costs with minimal floor space and saving energy consumption.

[0038] (3) The adsorption device of the present invention adopts a working mode in which an additional adsorber is connected in series with the original adsorber of the device, and is used intermittently. The purification device has a strong adsorption capacity, high pressure regulation accuracy, and accurate flow control accuracy. When the environment of the imported raw gas changes, the air quality adaptive control system automatically determines whether it passes through the adsorption device in series and the number of adsorption devices in series, so as to make full use of the adsorption capacity of each device and play a role in energy saving and consumption reduction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the adsorption device suitable for treating impurity gases of different concentrations according to the present invention.

[0040] In the figure: 100-adsorption device; 200-measuring and regulating device; 300-heating device; 400-valve; 410-adsorption inlet switch valve; 420-adsorption outlet switch valve; 430-heating pipeline switch valve; 440-regeneration inlet switch valve; 450-regeneration outlet switch valve; 460-bypass pipeline switch valve; 500-air quality adaptive control system; 600-ESC total control system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods.

[0042] To better illustrate the present invention and facilitate understanding of the technical solution of the present invention, typical but non-limiting embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

[0043] This embodiment provides an adsorption device suitable for treating impurity gases with different concentrations, such as Figure 1As shown, it includes adsorption devices 100 connected in series in sequence, specifically including a first adsorption device, a second adsorption device to an nth adsorption device connected in series in sequence, wherein n≥3; the raw gas is connected to the inlet of the first adsorption device through an inlet pipeline, and an air quality adaptive control system 500 is arranged on the inlet pipeline for monitoring the concentration of an impurity in the raw gas. This embodiment is used to monitor the CO2 concentration in the raw gas in real time; an outlet pipeline is arranged at the outlet of the first adsorption device for drawing out the purified gas; the outlet of the second adsorption device to the outlet of the nth adsorption device are independently connected to the series summary pipeline for drawing out the purified gas; the inlet of the second adsorption device to the inlet of the nth adsorption device are independently provided with an adsorption inlet switch valve 410, and the outlet of the second adsorption device to the outlet of the nth adsorption device are independently provided with an adsorption outlet switch valve 420, the air quality adaptive control system 500 and the adsorption inlet switch valve 410 and the adsorption outlet switch valve 420 are independently connected to each other by signals (indicated by dotted lines in the figure), and based on the monitored CO2 concentration in the raw gas, it is determined whether it is necessary to connect additional adsorption devices in series on the basis of the first adsorption device and the number of adsorption devices connected in series.

[0044] The adsorption device adapted to the treatment of impurity gases of different concentrations also includes a regeneration system and an ESC master control system 600, the regeneration gas source is connected to the inlet of the regeneration system, and the outlet of the regeneration system is connected to the series collection pipeline; the ESC master control system 600 is connected to the air quality adaptive control system 500 for signal connection; the regeneration system includes a heating device 300 and a bypass pipeline arranged in parallel, a heating pipeline switch valve 430 is arranged at the inlet of the heating device 300, and a bypass pipeline switch valve 460 is arranged on the bypass pipeline, and the ESC master control system 600 and the heating pipeline switch valve 430 and the bypass pipeline switch valve 460 are independently connected. Signal connection is realized; pipelines with regeneration outlet switch valves 450 are independently arranged between the first adsorption device and the second adsorption device to the nth adsorption device, and pipelines with regeneration inlet switch valves 440 connected to the series summary pipeline are independently arranged at the outlets of the first adsorption device and the second adsorption device to the nth adsorption device, and the ESC general control system 600 and the regeneration inlet switch valve 440 and the regeneration outlet switch valve 450 are independently connected to each other by signals; an exhaust pipeline is arranged at the inlet of the first adsorption device, and the exhaust pipeline is connected to the gas safety place, so as to discharge the gas generated by the regeneration process to the gas safety place for treatment.

[0045] Among them, the first adsorption device includes two horizontal adsorbers filled with adsorbents in parallel, the raw gas is connected to the collection pipeline at the inlet, and an air quality adaptive control system 500 is arranged on the collection pipeline at the inlet; the second adsorption device to the nth adsorption device are independently radial flow adsorbers filled with adsorbents.

[0046] Among them, a measuring and adjusting device 200 is arranged on the pipeline between the regeneration gas source and the regeneration system, and the measuring and adjusting device 200 includes a pressure adjusting device, a flow adjusting device and a precision instrument; the pressure adjusting device includes a pressure reducing valve, and the pressure adjusting device is connected to the ESC general control system 600 by signal, so as to realize the adjustable pressure of the regeneration gas source; the flow adjusting device includes a flow control valve and a flow meter, and the flow adjusting device is connected to the ESC general control system 600 by signal, so as to realize the controllable flow of the regeneration gas source; the precision instrument includes a thermometer and a pressure gauge, and the precision instrument is used to realize the temperature and pressure monitoring of the regeneration gas source, and to feed back the relevant measurement data to the ESC general control system 600 in real time.

[0047] It should be noted that, in addition to the valve 400 emphasized in the present invention, regulating valves are provided on the connecting pipelines, and the regulating valves are respectively connected to the air quality adaptive control system 500 and the ESC general control system 600 to realize signal connection according to work needs, so as to realize intelligent control of the pipeline on and off.

[0048] The present invention also provides an adsorption method suitable for treating gases with different CO2 concentrations, the adsorption method comprising the following contents:

[0049] (1) Adsorption: Based on the air quality adaptive control system, the concentration of an impurity in the raw gas, such as CO2 concentration, is monitored; if the monitored value is ≤ the design value, it means that the concentration of an impurity in the raw gas, such as CO2 concentration, is within the normal range, and the adsorption inlet switch valve and the adsorption outlet switch valve corresponding to the second adsorption device to the nth adsorption device are all closed, and only the first adsorption device is used for adsorption, and purified gas is obtained after adsorption purification; if the monitored value is greater than the design value, it means that the concentration of an impurity in the raw gas, such as CO2 concentration, exceeds the normal range. Based on the degree of exceeding the standard, the air quality adaptive control system determines the number of additional adsorption devices connected in series on the basis of the first adsorption device, and determines that the adsorption device at the end of the series connection is the i-th adsorption device. The attached device, wherein 2≤i≤n, opens all the adsorption inlet switch valves upstream of the i-th adsorption device, opens the adsorption outlet switch valve of the i-th adsorption device, and closes all the other adsorption inlet switch valves and adsorption outlet switch valves, so that the first adsorption device to the i-th adsorption device are connected in series to perform adsorption work, and purified gas is obtained after adsorption purification; wherein the air quality adaptive control system automatically calculates the working capacity of the remaining adsorption devices, monitors the adsorption of CO2 by the adsorbent inside the adsorption device in real time through online monitoring of the CO2 content at the outlet of the purified gas, so as to judge whether to switch the regeneration system for regeneration. Of course, in the actual operation process, the cycle time can also be set, and the switching between adsorption and regeneration is automatically realized when the time is up.

[0050] (2) Reuse of the existing regeneration system; based on the ESC master control system, the system automatically switches to the regeneration system for regeneration processing. The regeneration processing is specifically divided into pressure relief, heating, cooling and pressure increase in sequence. Among them, when the pressure is relieved, the corresponding valve is opened to vent; after the pressure relief is completed, the regeneration gas is heated. During heating, the regeneration gas is adjusted through the pressure regulating device, the flow regulating device and the precision instrument to adjust the regeneration conditions, control the flow and pressure of the regeneration gas, and control the heating pipeline switch valve to open and the bypass pipeline switch valve to close based on the ESC master control system, so that the regeneration gas source enters the heating device for heating. Based on the ESC master control system, the regeneration inlet switch valve and the regeneration outlet switch valve are controlled so that the heated regeneration gas source enters the series summary pipeline and the corresponding In the adsorption device, the adsorbent inside the adsorption device participating in the adsorption work is heated to remove the moisture and impurities previously adsorbed by the adsorbent; after the heating is completed, the heating pipeline switch valve is closed and the bypass pipeline switch valve is opened based on the ESC general control system, so that the regeneration gas source passes through the bypass pipeline, and the regeneration inlet switch valve and the regeneration outlet switch valve are controlled based on the ESC general control system, so that the regeneration gas source directly enters the series summary pipeline and the corresponding adsorption device in turn, and the adsorbent inside the heated adsorption device is blown cold to the required temperature; after the cooling is completed, the corresponding valve is opened for pressurization; the gas generated by the regeneration process is discharged to a gas safety place for treatment, and the entire purification device is safe, reliable and highly automated.

[0051] Furthermore, the present invention adopts a supported slide type adsorption device. With the growing development of the air separation industry, adsorption devices are becoming larger and larger, and traditional horizontal adsorbers are increasingly restricted in space. Traditional suspended radial flow adsorbers have a very large temperature difference stress generated inside the barrels due to the mutual entanglement of multiple layers of barrels during thermal expansion and contraction, which makes them very easy to break and cause internal adsorbent leakage. Based on actual structural requirements, the present invention adopts a supported slide type radial flow adsorber with a sealing design at both ends and a gas guide structure installed. It thoroughly solves the problem of both achieving thermal expansion and contraction and reducing sliding friction while ensuring good sealing performance.

[0052] Furthermore, the present invention adopts a highly efficient adsorbent. The adsorber is filled with adsorbent to adsorb moisture, acetylene, CO2 and some adsorbable hydrocarbons in the raw gas. Under the same conditions, different adsorbents have different adsorption properties, and the amount of adsorbent used is also different. The amount of adsorbent with relatively good adsorption performance is less. The present invention adopts a highly efficient adsorbent, which saves filling space and reduces energy consumption.

[0053] Furthermore, the present invention adopts a unique adsorption method. Considering the process flow of adsorption and regeneration, the traditional adsorption method is mostly two horizontal adsorbers running in parallel. The equipment cost is high, the space occupied is large, and the energy consumption is high. The present invention adopts the adsorption method of connecting one or more radial flow adsorbers in series with a horizontal adsorber to perform layer-by-layer adsorption, which reduces the floor space, reduces the cost, and saves system energy consumption.

[0054] Furthermore, the regeneration system in the present invention is reused. After adsorption, the adsorbent needs to be regenerated, and the adsorbed impurities are analyzed and then re-adsorbed. The quality of the regeneration effect represents whether the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent can be restored to the maximum extent, thereby affecting the adsorption quality of the next stage. The present invention uses a set of regeneration systems for reuse, which reduces costs and saves regeneration energy consumption.

[0055] Furthermore, the present invention is equipped with an air quality adaptive control system. The control instrument used in the present invention has high precision and can fully meet the complex parameter changes in the air separation system. When the imported raw gas environment changes, the air quality adaptive control system automatically determines whether to pass through the adsorption device in series and the number of series connections, making full use of the adsorption capacity of each device, playing a role in energy saving and consumption reduction. At the same time, it also establishes a database for accurately calculating the adsorption cycle of large air separation clusters.

[0056] The present invention illustrates the detailed structural features of the present invention through the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed structural features, that is, it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above detailed structural features to be implemented. Those skilled in the art should understand that any improvement of the present invention, equivalent replacement of the components selected by the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific methods, etc., all fall within the protection scope and disclosure scope of the present invention.

[0057] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present invention, a variety of simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0058] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0059] In addition, various embodiments of the present invention may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. An adsorption device adapted to treat impurity gases of different concentrations, characterized in that: It comprises a first adsorption device, a second adsorption device to an nth adsorption device connected in series in sequence, wherein n≥3; The raw gas is connected to the inlet of the first adsorption device, and an air quality adaptive control system is arranged on the connecting pipeline connecting the raw gas and the inlet of the first adsorption device to monitor the concentration of an impurity in the raw gas; The outlet of the first adsorption device is provided with an outlet pipeline for leading out the purified gas; the outlet of the second adsorption device to the outlet of the nth adsorption device are independently connected to the series collection pipeline for leading out the purified gas; An adsorption inlet switch valve is independently set from the inlet of the second adsorption device to the inlet of the nth adsorption device, and an adsorption outlet switch valve is independently set from the outlet of the second adsorption device to the outlet of the nth adsorption device. The air quality adaptive control system independently realizes signal connection with the adsorption inlet switch valve and the adsorption outlet switch valve, and judges whether it is necessary to connect additional adsorption devices in series on the basis of the first adsorption device and the number of adsorption devices connected in series based on the concentration of an impurity in the monitored raw gas.

2. The adsorption device adapted to treat impurity gases of different concentrations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first adsorption device comprises two mutually parallel adsorbers filled with adsorbent, the raw gas is connected to the inlet collecting pipeline, and the air quality adaptive control system is arranged on the inlet collecting pipeline.

3. The adsorption device adapted to treat impurity gases of different concentrations according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second to nth adsorption devices are independently adsorbers filled with adsorbent.

4. The adsorption device adapted to treat impurity gases of different concentrations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adsorption device adapted to the treatment of impurity gases of different concentrations also includes a regeneration system and an ESC total control system, a regeneration gas source is connected to the inlet of the regeneration system, and the outlet of the regeneration system is connected to the series aggregation pipeline; the ESC total control system is connected to the air quality adaptive control system by signal; The regeneration system includes a heating device and a bypass line arranged in parallel, a heating line switch valve is arranged at the inlet of the heating device, a bypass line switch valve is arranged at the bypass line, and the ESC general control system is independently connected to the heating line switch valve and the bypass line switch valve; pipelines with regeneration outlet switch valves are independently arranged between the first adsorption device, the second adsorption device to the nth adsorption device, and pipelines with regeneration inlet switch valves connected to the series summary pipeline are independently arranged at the outlets of the first adsorption device, the second adsorption device to the nth adsorption device, and the ESC general control system is independently connected to the regeneration inlet switch valve and the regeneration outlet switch valve; an exhaust pipeline is arranged at the inlet of the first adsorption device, and the exhaust pipeline is connected to the gas safety place, so as to discharge the gas generated by the regeneration process to the gas safety place for treatment.

5. The adsorption device adapted to treat gases with impurities of different concentrations according to claim 4, characterized in that: A measuring and regulating device is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the regeneration gas source and the inlet of the regeneration system; the measuring and regulating device comprises a pressure regulating device, a flow regulating device and a precision instrument; and the ESC general control system realizes signal connection with the measuring and regulating device.

6. The adsorption device adapted to treat gases with impurities of different concentrations according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pressure regulating device comprises a pressure reducing valve.

7. The adsorption device adapted to treat gases with impurities of different concentrations according to claim 5, characterized in that: The flow regulating device comprises a flow control valve and a flow meter.

8. The adsorption device adapted to treat gases with impurities of different concentrations according to claim 5, characterized in that: The precision instruments include a thermometer and a pressure gauge.

9. An adsorption method for treating impurity gases of different concentrations, characterized in that: The adsorption device adapted to treat impurity gases of different concentrations according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is used, and the adsorption method comprises the following contents: Based on the air quality adaptive control system, the concentration of an impurity in the raw gas is monitored; If the monitoring value is ≤ the design value, it means that the concentration of an impurity in the raw gas is within the normal range, and the adsorption inlet switch valves and adsorption outlet switch valves corresponding to the second adsorption device to the nth adsorption device are all closed, and only the first adsorption device is used for adsorption work, and purified gas is obtained after adsorption purification; If the monitoring value is greater than the design value, it means that the concentration of an impurity in the raw gas exceeds the normal range. The air quality adaptive control system determines the number of additional adsorption devices connected in series on the basis of the first adsorption device based on the degree of exceeding the standard, and determines that the adsorption device at the end of the series is the i-th adsorption device, wherein 2≤i≤n, and opens all the adsorption inlet switch valves upstream of the i-th adsorption device, opens the adsorption outlet switch valve of the i-th adsorption device, and closes all the other adsorption inlet switch valves and adsorption outlet switch valves, so that the first adsorption device to the i-th adsorption device are connected in series to perform adsorption work, and purified gas is obtained after adsorption purification.

10. The adsorption method for treating impurity gases with different concentrations according to claim 9, characterized in that: The adsorption method further includes: automatically switching to a regeneration system based on an ESC master control system to perform a regeneration process, wherein the regeneration process includes pressure relief, heating, cooling and pressure increase in sequence; The heating comprises: based on the ESC master control system, controlling the heating pipeline switch valve to open and the bypass pipeline switch valve to close, so that the regeneration gas source enters the heating device to be heated; based on the ESC master control system, controlling the regeneration inlet switch valve and the regeneration outlet switch valve, so that the heated regeneration gas source enters the series collection pipeline and the corresponding adsorption device in sequence, and heats the adsorbent inside the adsorption device participating in the adsorption work; The cooling includes: based on the ESC master control system, controlling the heating pipeline switch valve to close and the bypass pipeline switch valve to open, so that the regeneration gas source passes through the bypass pipeline, and based on the ESC master control system, controlling the regeneration inlet switch valve and the regeneration outlet switch valve, so that the regeneration gas source directly enters the series summary pipeline and the corresponding adsorption device in sequence, and cooling the adsorbent inside the heated adsorption device; The gas generated by the regeneration process is discharged to a gas safety location for treatment.

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