Crushing feeding device and deep-sea mining conveying system

Abstract

The invention discloses a crushing and feeding device and a deep-sea mining conveying system, the crushing and feeding device comprises a machine body and a hydraulic motor, the machine body comprises at least one roller, the roller sleeves a corresponding roller shaft, and the roller shaft is rotatably connected to the machine body; at least three disc blades with the same specification are arranged in the axial direction of the roller at equal intervals, and at least one tool bit is arranged on each disc blade; plugs are arranged on the front and rear vertical surfaces of the machine body and are matched with gaps between the rollers and the vertical surfaces of the machine body; and a power output shaft of the hydraulic motor is connected with the roller shaft. The deep-sea mining conveying system comprises a relay station, a mixed-flow pump, a lifting hard pipe and a mother ship, the relay station comprises a feeding cylinder, a feeding pipe and the crushing feeding device which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, and a lower opening of the feeding pipe is connected with the lifting hard pipe. The crushing and feeding device provided by the invention has the advantage of high crushing ratio, and the deep-sea mining and conveying system provided by the invention has the advantages of being environment-friendly and controllable in solid-liquid ratio of ore pulp fed by a hard pipe.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to deep sea mining equipment, in particular to a crushing feeding device and a deep sea mining conveying system. Background Art

[0002] The deep-sea mining transportation system uses lifting pipes and mixed flow pumps to transport slurry from the seabed relay station to the mother ship on the sea surface. Since the slurry needs to be transported from the seabed to the mother ship at a high height and is limited by the diameter of the lifting pipe and the slurry flow rate, the transportation system has strict requirements on the size of the ore particles in the slurry and the concentration of the slurry. The larger the ore particle size and the higher the slurry concentration, the easier it is for the lifting pipe and mixed flow pump to be blocked during transportation, which in turn affects the working efficiency of the deep-sea mining transportation system.

[0003] CN118179697A provides a deep-sea mining system, which uses a variable pitch double-screw crusher to crush the ore before conveying it through a lifting pipe, and then feeds it into a feeding barrel, thereby solving the problem that the lifting pipe and the mixed flow pump are easily blocked due to the large size of the ore particles. However, the following shortcomings still exist:

[0004] First, the variable pitch twin-screw crusher adopts spiral variable pitch extrusion, cutting and crushing, so the large ore size cannot exceed the maximum pitch of the crusher and the space limited by the crusher shell, otherwise the ore cannot enter the crusher and cannot be crushed; in addition, the variable pitch twin-screw crusher extrude and cut the ore by changing the pitch, and the pitch of the variable pitch twin-screw crusher cannot change too much from the ore inlet to the ore outlet, otherwise, the ore outlet will block the crusher outlet because the space is too small; therefore, the variable pitch twin-screw crusher is limited by its structure, and the crushing ratio of the crusher is small.

[0005] Second, when using a crusher to crush ore in an open seabed environment, the seabed mud carried during ore collection and the large amount of ore particles generated during the ore crushing process will spread to the surrounding area along the seabed currents, polluting the seawater and affecting the survival of nearby seabed organisms.

[0006] Third, the solid-liquid ratio of the slurry in the lifting tube cannot be effectively controlled. The ore particles produced after the ore is crushed are irregular in shape, and the particles are accumulated together and are not easy to slide against each other. The lifting tube is directly inserted into the ore pile, and the ore is arched at the mouth of the lifting tube and cannot be lifted; if a U-shaped feed port is used at the lower end of the lifting tube, the ore's own gravity and the negative pressure of the feed port are used. When the U-shaped feed port is small, the ore particles are easy to arch around the feed port and cannot fall into the lifting tube; when the U-shaped feed port is large, the ore particles will collapse under the action of the ore's own weight, and a large number of ore particles will slide into the lifting tube through the U-shaped feed port, which will directly cause the lifting tube to be blocked. Since the feeding of the U-shaped feed port at the lower end of the lifting tube is uncontrolled, the solid-liquid ratio of the feed slurry of the lifting tube cannot be controlled.

[0007] In summary, there are three main problems with the existing deep-sea mining transportation system: first, the crushing ratio of the crusher is small; second, the crushing of seabed ore pollutes the surrounding seawater; and third, the solid-liquid ratio of the feed slurry in the lifting hard pipe cannot be guaranteed. Summary of the invention

[0008] The first object of the present invention is to provide a crushing and feeding device with a high crushing ratio; the second object of the present invention is to provide an environmentally friendly deep-sea mining and transportation system with a lifting hard pipe feeding slurry and a controllable solid-liquid ratio.

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions.

[0010] A crushing and feeding device comprises a machine body and a hydraulic motor, wherein the machine body is in the shape of a square tube, through from top to bottom, with an upper end as an inlet and a lower end as an outlet; the machine body comprises at least one roller, which is mounted on a corresponding roller shaft, and both ends of the roller shaft are supported on bearing holes at the left and right ends of the machine body through bearings; at least three equidistantly spaced disc blades of the same specification are arranged axially on the roller, and each disc blade is provided with at least one cutter head; plugs are arranged on the front and rear facades of the machine body, and the plugs are adapted to the gap between the roller and the machine body facade; the hydraulic motor is arranged outside the machine body, and its power output shaft is connected to the roller shaft.

[0011] A deep-sea mining and conveying system comprises a relay station, a mixed flow pump, a lifting pipe and a mother ship. The relay station is placed on the seabed and is connected to the mother ship through the lifting pipe and the mixed flow pump. The relay station comprises a hydraulic station, a loading barrel, a feeding pipe and the crushing feeding device. The loading barrel, the crushing feeding device and the feeding pipe are connected in sequence from top to bottom, and the lower end of the feeding pipe is connected to the lifting pipe; the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic motor comes from the hydraulic station.

[0012] The purpose of the present invention can be further achieved by the following technical solutions.

[0013] The machine body is provided with a front roller and a rear roller, and the front roller and the rear roller have the same shape and size; the front and rear rollers are axially reversed left and right, and are respectively mounted on and fixedly connected to the corresponding front roller shaft and rear roller shaft; the right end of the front roller shaft passes through the right side of the machine body and is fixedly connected to the front gear; the right end of the rear roller shaft passes through the right side of the machine body and is fixedly connected to the rear gear; an intermediate gear for transmitting power is provided between the front gear and the rear gear, and the intermediate shaft of the intermediate gear is fixedly connected to the machine body; the power output shaft of the hydraulic motor is connected to the front roller shaft;

[0014] At least three equidistant front disc blades of the same specification are arranged in the axial direction of the front roller, and at least three equidistant rear disc blades of the same specification are arranged in the axial direction of the rear roller; there are front spacing grooves between adjacent disc blades, and rear spacing grooves between adjacent rear disc blades, and the front spacing grooves and rear spacing grooves are matched with the rear disc blades and the front disc blades respectively; at least one front cutter head is arranged on each front disc blade, and at least one rear cutter head is also arranged on each rear disc blade; the cutting edges of the front and rear cutter heads are respectively provided with front and rear material containing grooves in the radial direction of the disc blades.

[0015] The gaps between the top of the front disc blade and the bottom of the rear spacing groove, and between the top of the rear disc blade and the bottom of the front spacing groove are both δ.

[0016] The depth H of the front and rear spacing grooves is greater than the height h of the front and rear tool heads.

[0017] The front gear and the rear gear have the same number of teeth.

[0018] The cutter heads on the front and rear rollers are distributed in a multi-head spiral manner in the axial direction of the front and rear rollers.

[0019] The front and rear blade heads on the front and rear disc blades are made of high-strength steel or artificial diamond.

[0020] The left and right ends of the front and rear rollers are provided with end covers.

[0021] The machine body comprises two sections, an upper section and an lower section, which are connected as a whole by a flange; a gap ε between the left and right end covers of the front and rear rollers and the upper section of the machine body is smaller than a gap Ε between the left and right end covers of the front and rear rollers and the lower section of the machine body.

[0022] On the outer end surface of the end cover, at least one radial protrusion is provided from the inner diameter to the outer diameter, and the protrusion height is smaller than the gap ε between the end cover and the upper section of the body.

[0023] The machine body comprises an upper and lower section, which are connected as a whole by a flange; when the number of rollers in the crushing and feeding device is an odd number, the front seal and the rear seal are arranged in the lower section of the machine body, and the upper planes of the front seal and the rear seal are flush with the axis of the roller shaft.

[0024] The hydraulic motor is a hydraulic variable motor.

[0025] The feeding cylinder is in a conical tube shape, larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, and a flange is provided at the lower opening to connect with the upper end of the crushing feeding device.

[0026] The feed pipe is in a conical shape, larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, with an upper portion and a lower round portion. The upper opening is provided with a flange connected to the lower end of the crushing feed device, and the lower opening is provided with a flange connected to the lifting hard pipe.

[0027] Beneficial Effects

[0028] The present invention provides a deep-sea mining conveying system, which uses a crushing and feeding device to crush large ores in a feeding barrel into small ore particles, which fall into a feeding pipe together with the turbid seawater generated during the crushing, and are introduced into a lifting hard pipe in a timely manner through the feeding pipe, and are transported to a mother ship through a mixed flow pump. The beneficial effects produced are as follows:

[0029] (1) The crushing and feeding device is clean and environmentally friendly when working. The inlet of the crushing and feeding device is connected to the upper barrel, the outlet of the crushing and feeding device is connected to the upper end of the feed pipe, and the lower end of the feed pipe is connected to the lifting hard pipe. In other words, the crushing and feeding device works in a semi-closed environment. Due to the ore particles generated by the crushing and feeding device during the crushing process, accompanied by the seabed mud carried by the collected ore, the seawater inside the crushing and feeding device becomes turbid. Since the total amount of turbid seawater is limited and is affected by the following factors: First, turbid seawater has a higher specific gravity than clean seawater, and has a tendency to sink autonomously in the crushing and feeding device; Second, the upper part of the turbid seawater is covered with a large amount of ore to be crushed, which has a certain covering and blocking effect; third, the turbid seawater is sucked into the lifting hard pipe by the negative pressure of the feed pipe of the lifting riser; that is, the seawater on the upper part of the crushing and feeding device and the turbid seawater inside the crushing and feeding device pass through the gap between the front roller and the rear roller, and the gap between the front and rear rollers and the machine body, together with small ore particles, and are sucked into the lifting riser through the feed pipe in a clockwise direction, and transported to the mother ship through the mixed flow pump; thereby inhibiting the turbid seawater from spreading to the seabed and achieving clean production.

[0030] (2) The solid-liquid ratio of the slurry is easy to adjust. By adjusting the speed of the hydraulic motor, the crushing speed of the crushing feed device for the ore is changed, that is, the amount of ore introduced into the feed pipe by the crushing feed device per unit time is changed. When the amount of ore particles dropped into the feed pipe by the crushing feed device decreases, the amount of seawater introduced into the lifting pipe will increase, and the solid-liquid ratio of the slurry will decrease; conversely, the solid-liquid ratio of the slurry will increase, thereby completing the adjustment of the solid-liquid ratio of the slurry. In addition, according to the test conclusion, the solid-liquid ratio of the slurry in the lifting pipe is less than 20%. Since the specific gravity of the ore particles is greater than that of seawater, the ore particles and seawater enter the lifting pipe downward under the negative pressure of the feed pipe at the same time. The ore particles have priority and enter the lifting pipe together with the seawater in time; therefore, when the ore reaches the connection between the feed pipe and the lifting pipe, it will not accumulate or form an arch, ensuring smooth feeding of the lifting pipe.

[0031] (3) The crushing ratio of the crushing and feeding device is large. Since the cutter head on the roller of the crushing and feeding device has a milling function, as long as the ore enters the upper end of the crushing and feeding device and contacts the roller, it can be milled from bottom to top by the disc blade on the roller into small ore particles that meet the size requirements. Therefore, the crushing ratio of the device is large. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a deep-sea mining conveying system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 It is an assembly diagram of the crushing and feeding device, the upper barrel, and the feeding pipe in Example 1;

[0034] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the crushing and feeding device in Example 1;

[0035] Figure 4 for Figure 3 AA section view;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the lower section of the crushing and feeding device in Example 1;

[0037] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of the front and rear rollers of the crushing and feeding device in Example 1;

[0038] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the single roller crushing and feeding device in Example 2;

[0039] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure with the upper half of the fuselage removed;

[0040] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 Top view;

[0041] Attached Figures 1 to 9 The reference numerals in the figures are as follows:

[0042] 1, mother ship; 2, lifting pipe; 3, mixed flow pump; 4, loading barrel; 5, crushing and feeding device; 6, feeding pipe; 7, ore; 10, relay station; 11, hydraulic station; 12, bracket; 13, seabed;

[0043] 501, front gear; 502, hydraulic variable motor; 503, intermediate gear; 504, intermediate shaft; 505, intermediate bearing; 506, rear gear; 507, machine body; 5071, upper section of machine body; 5072, lower section of machine body;

[0044] 511, first rear bearing hole; 512, rear disc blade; 513, rear roller; 514, rear plugging; 515, rear roller shaft; 516, rear spacing groove; 517, second rear bearing hole; 518, rear blade head; 519, rear material storage trough;

[0045] 521, first front bearing hole; 522, front disc blade; 523, front roller; 524, front plugging; 525, front roller shaft; 526, front spacing groove; 527, second front bearing hole; 528, front blade head; 529, front material storage groove; 530, front end cover; 5301, protrusion; 531, rear end cover;

[0046] 607, first body; 614, first rear seal; 616, first rear spacing groove; 621, first bearing hole; 622, disc blade; 623, roller; 624, first front seal; 625, roller shaft; 626, first front spacing groove; 627, second bearing hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to make the purpose and technical solution of the present invention more clear, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0048] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

[0049] The meanings of "up, down, left, right, front, and back" in the present invention refer to the direction in which the reader is facing the attached image. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 7 When referring to the present invention, the top of the reader is top, the bottom of the reader is bottom, the left of the reader is left, the right of the reader is right, the front of the reader's paper is front, and the inside of the reader's paper is back, which is not a specific limitation of the present invention.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a deep-sea mining and transportation system comprises a mother ship 1, a lifting pipe 2, a mixed flow pump 3 and a relay station 10. The relay station 10 is placed on the seabed 13 through a bracket 12. The ore 7 accumulated on the seabed 13 is transported to the relay station 10 by the mining equipment. The relay station 10 is connected to the mother ship 1 through the lifting pipe 2, and the mixed flow pump 3 is arranged on the lifting pipe 2.

[0052] The relay station 10 is provided with a feeding barrel 4, a crushing feeding device 5, a feeding pipe 6 and a hydraulic station 11. The feeding barrel 4 is a conical tube shape, which is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. The upper opening is open, and the lower opening is provided with a flange connected to the upper end of the machine body 507 for receiving the ore 7. The feeding pipe 6 is a conical tube shape, which is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, and is round at the top and lower. The upper opening is provided with a flange connected to the lower end of the machine body 507, and the lower opening is provided with a flange connected to the lifting hard pipe 2.

[0053] The crushing and feeding device 5 is a double roller structure, including a machine body 507, a front roller 523, a front roller shaft 525, a rear roller 513, a rear roller shaft 515 and a hydraulic variable motor 502. The machine body 507 is a quadrilateral cylinder, divided into two upper and lower sections, namely, a machine body upper section 5071 and a machine body lower section 5072. The machine body upper section 5071 and the machine body lower section 5072 are connected as a whole through a flange, and are connected from top to bottom, with the upper end being the inlet and the lower end being the outlet. The left and right end surfaces of the machine body 507 are respectively provided with bearing holes for the front roller shaft 525 and the rear roller shaft 515, and the upper and lower symmetrical surfaces of the bearing holes are the upper and lower segmented surfaces of the machine body 507, and the bearing holes are respectively recorded as the first front bearing hole 521, the second front bearing hole 527, the first rear bearing hole 511 and the second rear bearing hole 517.

[0054] The front roller 523 and the rear roller 513 have the same shape and size. The front roller 523 and the rear roller 513 are respectively provided with seven equally spaced disc blades of the same specification in the axial direction. The front roller 523 corresponds to the front disc blade 522, and the rear roller 513 corresponds to the rear disc blade 512. The front spacing groove 526 formed between the front disc blades 522 has a width corresponding to the width of the rear disc blade 512, and the depth of the front spacing groove 526 is H. The rear spacing groove 516 formed between the rear disc blades 512 has a width corresponding to the width of the front disc blade 522, and the depth of the rear spacing groove 516 is also H. Each front disc blade 522 and the rear disc blade 512 are provided with 12 cutter heads, and each cutter head cutting edge is provided with a material receiving groove in the radial front part. The front disc blade 522 corresponds to the front material receiving groove 529, and the rear disc blade 512 corresponds to the rear material receiving groove 519. The height of the cutter head is h, and the material of the cutter head is high-strength steel or artificial diamond.

[0055] In addition, in order to improve the crushing effect of the crushing and feeding device 5, the front cutter heads 528 provided on the front disc blade 522 are distributed in a multi-head spiral manner in the axial direction of the front roller 523. Since each front disc blade 522 is provided with 12 front cutter heads 528, the number of spiral heads on the front roller 523 is 12. The rear cutter heads 518 on the rear roller 513 are distributed in a spiral manner, just like the front roller 523. The purpose of the spiral distribution of the cutter heads is to allow the cutter heads on different disc blades on the front roller 523 and the rear roller 513 to have a certain overlapping angle when crushing ore, so that the cutting work of the front roller 523 and the rear roller 513 is stable and the impact force of crushing is reduced.

[0056] Front ends 530 are provided at both ends of the front roller 523, and rear ends 531 are provided at both ends of the rear roller 513. The front ends 530 and rear ends 531 are used to seal the inner cavities at both ends of the front roller 523 and the rear roller 513. The front roller 523 and the rear roller 513 have the same shape and size, and are axially reversed on the corresponding front roller shaft 525 and rear roller shaft 515, and are connected together by axial fixing nuts and keys. The two ends of the front roller shaft 525 are supported by bearings on the second front bearing hole 527 and the first front bearing hole 521 on the left and right sides of the machine body 507, and the right end of the front roller shaft 525 passes through the right side of the machine body 507 through the bearing and is fixedly connected to the front gear 501. The two ends of the rear roller shaft 515 are supported by bearings on the second rear bearing hole 517 and the first rear bearing hole 511 on the left and right sides of the machine body 507, and the right end of the rear roller shaft 515 passes through the right side of the machine body 507 through the bearing and is fixedly connected to the rear gear 506. An intermediate gear 503 is provided between the front gear 501 and the rear gear 506, and the intermediate gear 503 is meshed with the front gear 501 and the rear gear 506 at the same time. An intermediate bearing 505 is provided in the center inner hole of the intermediate gear 504, and an intermediate shaft 504 is provided in the hole of the intermediate bearing 505, and the intermediate shaft 504 is fixedly connected to the machine body 507. The hydraulic variable motor 502 is arranged outside the machine body 507, and its power output shaft is connected to the front roller shaft 525. The power hydraulic oil of the hydraulic variable motor 502 comes from the hydraulic station 11 arranged on the relay station 10.

[0057] Since the front cutter heads 528 and rear cutter heads 518 correspondingly arranged on the front roller 523 and rear roller 513 of the crushing and feeding device 5 have a milling function, when the ore enters the upper end of the crushing and feeding device 5 and contacts the rollers, it can be milled from bottom to top into small ore particles by the front cutter heads 528 and rear cutter heads 518 on the rollers. Therefore, the crushing ratio of the crushing and feeding device 5 is large. In addition, since the front roller 523 and the rear roller 513 rotate relatively when working, that is, when the crushing and feeding device 5 is viewed from right to left, the front roller 523 rotates clockwise and the rear roller 513 rotates counterclockwise, the cutting edges on their cutter heads are also arranged relatively. When the crushing and feeding device 5 is working, in addition to the above-mentioned milling of large and medium ores by the front cutter heads 528 and rear cutter heads 518, there are also the following three ways to crush medium ores:

[0058] First, the front cutter head 528 and the rear cutter head 518 are used to directly squeeze and crush the ore stuck in the middle;

[0059] Second, the ore is sheared, squeezed and crushed by using the front cutter head 528 and the upper edges of the left and right sides of the rear spacing groove 516, and the upper edges of the left and right sides of the rear cutter head 518 and the front spacing groove 526;

[0060] Third, the ore is squeezed and crushed by using the front cutter head 528 and the bottom of the rear spacing groove 516, and the rear cutter head 518 and the bottom of the front spacing groove 526.

[0061] The small ore particles formed after the above-mentioned milling, shearing, and extrusion crushing rotate to the outlet of the machine body 507 along with the front material trough 529 and the rear material trough 519 on the front roller 523 and the rear roller 513, and the gap δ between the front roller 523 and the rear roller 513, and fall into the feed pipe 6. The crushing amount of the crushing and feeding device 5 per unit time is determined by the rotation speed of the front roller 523 and the rear roller 513, that is, by the rotation speed of the hydraulic variable motor 502. The crushing and feeding device 5 uses the hydraulic variable motor 502 as the power output, which has the advantage of high control accuracy. By accurately controlling the torque and speed of the hydraulic variable motor 502, the system can adjust the crushing speed of the crushing and feeding device 5 for the ore according to actual needs, thereby meeting the solid-liquid ratio of deep-sea mining transportation, and effectively avoiding the accumulation or blockage of ore in the pipeline.

[0062] A front plug 524 is provided inside the machine body 507 in front of the front roller 523, and a rear plug 514 is provided behind the rear roller 513. The front plug 524 and the rear plug 514 have the same size, and their grooves are rectangular tooth grooves, which are respectively adapted to the gaps between the radial direction of the front roller 523 and the front part of the machine body 507, and between the radial direction of the rear roller 513 and the rear part of the machine body 507, and are fixed on the machine body 507; their purpose is to prevent large ores from falling directly into the feed pipe 6 without being crushed, and at the same time allow the seawater at the inlet of the crushing feed device 5 to flow into the outlet through the gap.

[0063] In addition, the gap between the left and right end covers of the front roller 523 and the rear roller 513 and the upper section 5071 of the machine body is ε, and the gap between the left and right end covers and the lower section 5072 of the machine body is E, and ε<E. The gap ε between the front end cover 530, the rear end cover 531 and the upper section 5071 of the machine body is small, the purpose of which is to reduce the amount of ore falling into the gap and prevent large ore from falling directly into the feed pipe 6 without being crushed. The gap E between the left and right end covers of the front roller 523 and the rear roller 513 and the lower section 5072 of the machine body is large, so that the ore in the gap ε of the upper section 5071 of the machine body can smoothly fall into the feed pipe 6 from the gap E of the lower section 5072 of the machine body after the rollers rotate and fall into the gap E of the lower section 5072 of the machine body. On the outside of the front cover 530 and the rear cover 531, eight radial protrusions 5301 are provided from the inner diameter to the outer diameter, and the height of the protrusions 5301 is less than the gap ε between the end cover and the upper section of the machine body. As the front roller 523 and the rear roller 513 rotate, the radial protrusions 5301 can automatically scrape the ore in the gap ε between the roller and the upper section 5071 of the machine body and force it to fall freely in the gap Ε between the roller and the lower section 5072 of the machine body, achieving self-cleaning and reducing the reactive power loss of the hydraulic variable motor 502.

[0064] When the crushing and feeding device 5 is working, the mining equipment feeds the ore 7 on the seabed 13 into the upper barrel 4. At the gear end of the crushing and feeding device 5, from right to left, the front roller 523 rotates clockwise and the rear roller 513 rotates counterclockwise to mill, shear, squeeze and crush the ore to form small ore particles. Since the small ore particles are from the front material storage trough 529 and the rear material storage trough 519, as well as the gap δ between the top of the front cutter head 528 and the bottom of the rear spacing groove 516, and the gap δ between the top of the rear cutter head 518 and the bottom of the front spacing groove 526, the crushed small ore particles and turbid seawater are rotated to the outlet of the machine body 507 with the front roller 523 and the rear roller 513, and fall into the feed pipe 6, and then the ore particles and turbid seawater are introduced into the lifting hard pipe 2 in a clockwise manner by the feed pipe 6; in addition, a part of the seawater flows into the feed pipe 6 from the gaps around the front roller 523, the rear roller 513 and the machine body 507. Therefore, by setting the size of the front material storage tank 529 and the rear material storage tank 519, as well as the size of the gap δ, the maximum size of the ore particles entering the lifting hard pipe 2 can be limited. In addition, since the front and rear gaps between the front roller 523, the rear roller 513 and the machine body 507 are blocked by the front plug 524 and the rear plug 514, large ore particles cannot fall directly from the inlet of the crushing and feeding device 2 into the feed pipe 6 below the outlet of the crushing and feeding device 2 without being crushed.

[0065] The main functions of the crushing and feeding device 5:

[0066] First, the large ore is crushed into small ore that meets the transportation size of the lifting hard pipe 2, that is, the maximum size of the ore particles is controlled not to exceed 20 mm.

[0067] Second, the solid-liquid ratio of the feed of the lifting tube 2 is controlled. Since the crushing speed of the crushing and feeding device 5 is controllable, the amount of ore transported by the feed pipe 6 to the lifting tube 2 per unit time is controllable, thereby ensuring that the ore concentration in the pipeline of the lifting tube 2 is less than 20%, and avoiding clogging of the ore in the lifting tube 2 and the mixed flow pump 3. The ore crushed by the crushing and feeding device 5 is introduced into the lifting tube 2 in a timely manner, eliminating the possibility of ore accumulation and clogging at the bottom of the feed pipe 6.

[0068] Third, the pollution of the surrounding seawater when the crushing and feeding device 5 is working is eliminated. Since the connection between the upper barrel 4, the crushing and feeding device 5, the feeding pipe 6, and the lifting hard pipe 2 is a sealed connection, the crushing and feeding device 5 works in a semi-closed environment. Therefore, when the mixed flow pump 3 is working, the feed port 6 of the lifting hard pipe 2 is negative pressure, and the ore particles generated by the crushing and feeding device 5, as well as the seabed mud carried by the ore, and the turbid seawater generated are directly sucked into the lifting hard pipe 2, avoiding their pollution of the surrounding seawater.

[0069] When the deep-sea mining and conveying system starts to work, the mixed flow pump 3 is operated first, and then the hydraulic variable motor 502 of the crushing and feeding device 5 is turned on.

[0070] When the deep-sea mining and conveying system finishes working, the hydraulic variable motor 502 of the crushing and feeding device 5 is first turned off, and then the mixed flow pump 3 is turned off.

[0071] Example 2

[0072] like Figures 7 to 9 As shown, this embodiment 2 is basically the same as embodiment 1, except that:

[0073] The crushing and feeding device is a single roller structure, and only one roller 623 is arranged inside it.

[0074] The first body 607 of the crushing and feeding device is a quadrilateral cylinder with two upper and lower sections, which are connected as a whole by flanges and penetrate from top to bottom. A pair of bearing holes are provided on the end faces at the left and right ends of the first body 607. The bearing holes are symmetrical with the segmented surface of the first body 607 as the upper and lower surfaces. The bearing hole on the left end face of the first body 607 is the second bearing hole 627, and the bearing hole on the right end face of the first body 607 is the first bearing hole 621.

[0075] Seven equidistantly spaced circular blades 622 of the same specification are arranged in the axial direction of the roller 623 . Each circular blade 622 is provided with 12 blade heads. A first front spacing groove 626 is formed between the circular blades 622 .

[0076] The roller 623 is sleeved on the roller shaft 625 and fixedly connected to the roller shaft 625. The two ends of the roller shaft 625 are supported on the first bearing hole 621 and the second bearing hole 627 by bearings, and the right end of the roller shaft 625 passes through the right side of the first body 607 through the bearing. The hydraulic variable motor 502 is arranged outside the first body 607, and its power output shaft is connected to the right end of the roller shaft 625. The power hydraulic oil of the hydraulic variable motor 502 comes from the hydraulic station 11 arranged on the relay station 10.

[0077] A first front plug 624 and a first rear plug 614 are respectively provided on the front and rear facades of the lower section inside the first body 607. The first front plug 624 and the first rear plug 614 have the same size and are rectangular tooth grooves. The radial direction of the roller 623 and the gap between the front and rear facades of the first body 607 are matched with the first front plug 624 and the first rear plug 614 respectively. The first front plug 624 and the first rear plug 614 are fixed on the lower section inside the first body 607, and their upper end surfaces are flush with the upper and lower segmented surfaces of the first body 607. The first front plug 624 and the first rear plug 614 are made of high-strength metal.

[0078] According to the installation direction of the cutter head on the roller 623, the direction of the roller 623 is determined. When the front cutting surface of the cutter head is opposite to the upper end surface of the first rear plug 614, the roller 623 rotates clockwise from the right end to the left end of the roller 623, and is driven by the hydraulic variable motor 502. The disc blade 622 on the roller 623 cooperates with the first rear plug 614 to mill, shear, and squeeze the ore. The first front plug 624 seals the axial gap between the roller 623 and the front face of the first body 607. On the contrary, the roller 623 rotates counterclockwise, and is driven by the hydraulic variable motor 502. The disc blade 622 on the roller 623 cooperates with the first front plug 624 to mill, shear, and squeeze the ore. The first rear plug 614 seals the axial gap between the roller 623 and the rear face of the first body 607.

Claims

1. A crushing and feeding device, characterized in that: It comprises a machine body and a hydraulic motor, wherein the machine body is in the shape of a square tube, through from top to bottom, with an inlet at the upper end and an outlet at the lower end; the machine body comprises at least one roller, which is mounted on a corresponding roller shaft, and both ends of the roller shaft are supported on bearing holes at the left and right ends of the machine body through bearings; at least three equidistantly spaced disc blades of the same specification are arranged in the axial direction of the roller, and each disc blade is provided with at least one cutter head; the front and rear facades of the machine body are both provided with plugs, which are adapted to the gap between the roller and the facade of the machine body; the hydraulic motor is arranged outside the machine body, and its power output shaft is connected to the roller shaft.

2. The crushing and feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The machine body is provided with a front roller and a rear roller, and the front roller and the rear roller have the same shape and size; the front and rear rollers are axially reversed left and right, and are respectively mounted on and fixedly connected to the corresponding front roller shaft and rear roller shaft; the right end of the front roller shaft passes through the right side of the machine body and is fixedly connected to the front gear; the right end of the rear roller shaft passes through the right side of the machine body and is fixedly connected to the rear gear; an intermediate gear for transmitting power is provided between the front gear and the rear gear, and the intermediate shaft of the intermediate gear is fixedly connected to the machine body; the power output shaft of the hydraulic motor is connected to the front roller shaft; At least three equidistant front disc blades of the same specification are arranged in the axial direction of the front roller, and at least three equidistant rear disc blades of the same specification are arranged in the axial direction of the rear roller; there are front spacing grooves between adjacent disc blades, and rear spacing grooves between adjacent rear disc blades, and the front spacing grooves and rear spacing grooves are matched with the rear disc blades and the front disc blades respectively; at least one front cutter head is arranged on each front disc blade, and at least one rear cutter head is also arranged on each rear disc blade; the cutting edges of the front and rear cutter heads are respectively provided with front and rear material containing grooves in the radial direction of the disc blades.

3. The crushing and feeding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gaps between the top of the front disc blade and the bottom of the rear spacing groove, and between the top of the rear disc blade and the bottom of the front spacing groove are both δ.

4. The crushing and feeding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The depth H of the front and rear spacing grooves is greater than the height h of the front and rear tool heads.

5. The crushing and feeding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The front gear and the rear gear have the same number of teeth.

6. The crushing and feeding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cutter heads on the front and rear rollers are distributed in a multi-head spiral manner in the axial direction of the front and rear rollers.

7. The crushing and feeding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The front and rear blade heads on the front and rear disc blades are made of high-strength steel or artificial diamond.

8. The crushing and feeding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The left and right ends of the front and rear rollers are provided with end covers.

9. The crushing and feeding device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The machine body comprises two sections, an upper section and an lower section, which are connected as a whole by a flange; a gap ε between the left and right end covers of the front and rear rollers and the upper section of the machine body is smaller than a gap Ε between the left and right end covers of the front and rear rollers and the lower section of the machine body.

10. The crushing and feeding device according to claim 9, characterized in that: On the outer end surface of the end cover, at least one radial protrusion is provided from the inner diameter to the outer diameter, and the protrusion height is smaller than the gap ε between the end cover and the upper section of the body.

11. The crushing and feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The machine body comprises an upper and lower section, which are connected as a whole by a flange; when the number of rollers in the crushing and feeding device is an odd number, the front seal and the rear seal are arranged in the lower section of the machine body, and the upper planes of the front seal and the rear seal are flush with the axis of the roller shaft.

12. The crushing and feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic motor is a hydraulic variable motor.

13. A deep-sea mining transportation system, comprising a relay station, a mixed flow pump, a lifting pipe and a mother ship, wherein the relay station is placed on the seabed, and the relay station is connected to the mother ship through the lifting pipe and the mixed flow pump, characterized in that: The relay station comprises a hydraulic station, a loading barrel, a feeding pipe and a crushing feeding device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, the loading barrel, the crushing feeding device and the feeding pipe are connected in sequence from top to bottom, and the lower end of the feeding pipe is connected to the lifting hard pipe; the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic motor comes from the hydraulic station.

14. The deep sea mining conveying system according to claim 13, characterized in that: The feeding cylinder is in a conical tube shape, larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, and a flange is provided at the lower opening to connect with the upper end of the crushing feeding device.

15. The deep sea mining conveying system according to claim 13, characterized in that: The feed pipe is in a conical shape, larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, with an upper portion and a lower round portion. The upper opening is provided with a flange connected to the lower end of the crushing feed device, and the lower opening is provided with a flange connected to the lifting hard pipe.

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