Multi-axle chassis driving system and crane

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-axle chassis driving system and a crane, and belongs to the technical field of engineering machinery. The device comprises a mechanical driving device, a mechanical driving system and an electric driving system, the mechanical drive system comprises a front drive axle assembly and a rear drive axle assembly, and the mechanical drive device, the front drive axle assembly and the rear drive axle assembly form at least two-axle drive through a transfer case. The electric driving system is used for providing driving force for the whole vehicle when the getting-off power is insufficient or the transmission capacity is insufficient; the electric driving device replaces hydraulic driving, efficiency is high, the structure is simple, arrangement is convenient, complex hydraulic pipelines and hydraulic elements such as pumps and motors are omitted, and the oil leakage risk is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a multi-bridge chassis driving system and a crane, belonging to the technical field of engineering machinery. Background Art

[0002] At present, the mechanical drive axle of the chassis of super-large tonnage wheeled crane can only achieve three-way linkage of the front and rear drive axles, that is, mechanical six-axle drive. However, due to the complex road conditions and long body of super-large tonnage, some drive axle tires may be suspended during the driving process of the vehicle, or the adhesion coefficient of mountainous, gravel and other roads is insufficient, causing some drive wheels to slip and the remaining drive axles to lack power, which leads to difficulties in heavy-load transfer or climbing. The current common solution is to add one or more hydraulic drive axles on the basis of the mechanical drive axle. With the help of the upper engine for hydraulic drive, the hydraulic drive axle is driven by a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic motor, and a reducer. However, the hydraulic drive transmission chain is long and the efficiency is low, and the hydraulic drive speed regulation is slow, the wheel speed regulation control is not accurate, there is a risk of abnormal tire wear, and the hydraulic drive axle may be reversed. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a multi-axle drive crane to solve the above problems.

[0003] Patent CN102390258B "A Crane Chassis Drive System, Chassis and Crane" proposes a crane chassis drive system including at least one mechanical drive axle and a mechanical drive device driving each mechanical drive axle, and also includes at least one hydraulic drive axle, and a hydraulic drive device connecting each hydraulic drive axle and driving each hydraulic drive axle. A hydraulic drive device is added on the basis of the original mechanical drive device, and the hydraulic system drives the hydraulic motor to drive more drive axles to operate.

[0004] Patent CN102514482A "An engineering vehicle and its drive system" discloses a drive system, including multi-stage axles and an upper vehicle engine, a hydraulic motor connected to at least one axle drive, a hydraulic pump that provides oil to the hydraulic motor, and the hydraulic pump draws power from the upper vehicle engine. The power of the upper vehicle engine and the corresponding hydraulic system are used to drive certain axles, or certain axles are driven by an independent engine and its corresponding hydraulic system, so as to provide auxiliary driving force for the whole vehicle when the driving capacity of the lower vehicle engine is insufficient or its power transmission capacity is poor.

[0005] 1. Add one or more hydraulic drive axles on the basis of mechanical drive axles. The hydraulic drive axle is driven by a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic motor, and a reducer. The hydraulic drive transmission chain is long and inefficient, and one or more hydraulic drive systems are added. The system has complex layout, heavy weight, and frequent reliability issues such as oil leakage.

[0006] 2. The hydraulic drive speed regulation responds slowly and the speed control is not precise, which causes the tire speed of the hydraulic drive axle to be out of sync with the tire speed of the mechanical drive axle, resulting in the risk of abnormal tire wear. In addition, the hydraulic drive axle may reverse drag. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a multi-axle chassis drive system and a crane to solve the problems of long hydraulic drive transmission chain, low efficiency, slow hydraulic drive speed regulation, and inaccurate wheel speed regulation control; In order to achieve the above purpose / solve the above technical problems, the present invention is implemented by adopting the following technical solutions: A first aspect: A multi-axle chassis drive system, comprising a mechanical drive device, a mechanical drive system and an electric drive system; The mechanical drive system comprises a front drive axle assembly and a rear drive axle assembly, and the mechanical drive device forms at least a two-axle drive with the front drive axle assembly and the rear drive axle assembly through a transfer case; The electric drive system is used to provide driving force for the entire vehicle when the power for getting off the vehicle is insufficient or the transmission capacity is insufficient.

[0008] Optionally, the mechanical drive device includes an engine, a power output end of the engine is connected to a gearbox, and the gearbox is connected to a transfer case via a transmission shaft.

[0009] Optionally, the front drive axle assembly includes a triple-drive front axle, a through front axle and a non-through front axle, one end of the triple-drive front axle is connected to the transfer case through a transmission shaft, and the other end is connected to the through front axle through a transmission shaft, and the through front axle is connected to the non-through front axle through a transmission shaft.

[0010] Optionally, the rear drive axle assembly includes a triple drive rear axle, a through rear axle and a non-through rear axle, one end of the triple drive rear axle is connected to the transfer case through a transmission shaft, and the other end is connected to the through rear axle through a transmission shaft, and the through rear axle is connected to the non-through rear axle through a transmission shaft.

[0011] Optionally, the electric drive system includes a single electric drive axle, a dual electric drive axle or multiple electric drive axles.

[0012] Optionally, when the electric drive axle assembly becomes a single electric drive axle, it includes a drive motor I, an electric drive through front axle I and an electric drive non-through rear axle I, the drive motor I is connected to the electric drive through front axle I, and the electric drive through front axle I is connected to the electric drive non-through rear axle I through a transmission shaft.

[0013] Optionally, when the electric drive axle assembly becomes a dual electric drive axle, it includes a drive motor I, a drive motor II, an electric drive non-through front axle II and an electric drive non-through rear axle II, the drive motor I is connected to the electric drive non-through front axle II, and the drive motor II is connected to the electric drive non-through rear axle II.

[0014] Optionally, when the electric drive axle assembly becomes a single electric drive axle, it includes a drive motor I, an electric drive transfer case, an electric drive non-through front axle III, and an electric drive non-through rear axle III. The output end of the drive motor I is connected to the electric drive transfer case, and the electric drive transfer case is respectively connected to the electric drive non-through front axle III and the electric drive non-through rear axle III.

[0015] Optionally, the mechanical drive system includes one of two-bridge drive, three-bridge drive, four-bridge drive, five-bridge drive or six-bridge drive.

[0016] A second aspect: A crane comprising the multi-axle chassis drive system described in the first aspect.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention replaces the hydraulic drive with an electric drive device, which has high efficiency, simple structure, convenient layout, eliminates complex hydraulic pipelines and hydraulic components such as pumps and motors, and reduces the risk of oil leakage; The electric drive system of the present invention adopts motor drive to ensure that the electric drive axle tire speed and the mechanical drive axle tire speed are synchronized and responded quickly, and the motor speed control accuracy is high, which solves the problems of low hydraulic drive speed control accuracy, slow speed regulation response, abnormal tire wear and drive axle reverse drag; The mechanical drive system of the present invention can be a combination of two-bridge drive, three-bridge drive, four-bridge drive, five-bridge drive or six-bridge drive, and the electric drive system can be a combination of single electric drive bridge, dual electric drive bridge or multiple electric drive bridges. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 The figure shows the mechanically driven and electrically driven multi-axle chassis structure of the present invention; Figure 2 The figure shows a structural diagram of a first embodiment of a mechanically driven and electrically driven multi-axle chassis structure of the present invention; Figure 3 The figure shows the structure diagram of the second embodiment of the mechanical drive and electric drive multi-bridge chassis structure of the present invention; Figure 4 The figure shows the structure diagram of the second embodiment of the mechanical drive and electric drive multi-bridge chassis structure of the present invention; In the figure: 1-mechanical drive device, 12-engine, 13-gearbox, 14-transfer case, 2-front drive axle assembly, 21-triple drive front axle, 22-through front axle, 23-non-through front axle, 3-rear drive axle assembly, 31-triple drive rear axle, 32-through rear axle, 33-non-through rear axle, 4-electric drive axle assembly, 41-drive motor I, 42-electric drive through front axle I, 43-electric drive non-through rear axle I, 44-drive motor II, 45-electric drive non-through front axle II, 46-electric drive non-through rear axle II, 47-electric drive non-through front axle III, 48-electric drive non-through rear axle III, 49-electric drive transfer case, 5-drive shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and the like are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", and the like may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by specific circumstances.

[0022] Embodiment 1, as Figure 1 As shown, the present invention discloses a multi-bridge drive system, including a mechanical drive device 1 driven by an engine, a mechanical drive system consisting of a front drive axle assembly 2 and a rear drive axle assembly 3, and an electric drive system consisting of an electric drive axle assembly 4 driven by a motor.

[0023] The mechanical drive device 1 forms at least a two-axle drive with the front drive axle assembly 2 and the rear drive axle assembly 3 through the transfer case 14; The electric drive system is used to provide driving force for the whole vehicle when the power of the vehicle is insufficient or the transmission capacity is insufficient. On the basis of the mechanical drive system, the electric drive system is added to provide auxiliary driving force for the whole vehicle when the driving capacity of the engine of the vehicle is insufficient or its power transmission capacity is poor. The motor speed regulation ensures that the tire speed of the electric drive axle and the tire speed of the mechanical drive axle are synchronized and responded quickly, with high control accuracy, avoiding the risk of abnormal tire wear and the reverse drag of the drive axle.

[0024] In the specific implementation process of this embodiment, the mechanical drive system can be a combination of two-bridge drive, three-bridge drive, four-bridge drive, five-bridge drive or six-bridge drive.

[0025] like Figure 2 As shown, the mechanical drive device includes an engine 12, and a gearbox 13 is connected to the power output end of the engine. The gearbox is connected to the transfer case 14 through a transmission shaft 5. The front drive axle assembly 2 includes a triple drive front axle 21, a through front axle 22 and a non-through front axle 23. One end of the triple drive front axle 21 is connected to the transfer case 14 through a transmission shaft 5, and the other end is connected to the through front axle 22 through a transmission shaft 5. The through front axle is connected to the non-through front axle 23 through a transmission shaft 5.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, the rear drive axle assembly 3 includes a triple drive rear axle 31, a through rear axle 32 and a non-through rear axle 33. One end of the triple drive rear axle is connected to the transfer case 14 through a transmission shaft 5, and the other end is connected to the through rear axle 32 through a transmission shaft 5. The through rear axle is connected to the non-through rear axle 33 through a transmission shaft.

[0027] In this embodiment, the torque ratio of the triple drive front axle 21 and the triple drive rear axle 31 is 1:2, and the torque ratio of the through front axle 22 and the through rear axle 32 is 1:1.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, when the electric drive axle assembly 4 is a single electric drive axle or a double electric drive axle, it includes a drive motor I41, an electric drive through front axle I42 and an electric drive non-through rear axle I43, the drive motor I is connected to the electric drive through front axle I, and the electric drive through front axle I is connected to the electric drive non-through rear axle I through a transmission shaft.

[0029] In this embodiment, one motor drives two drive axles in series. The torque splitting ratio of the electric drive through-front axle I42 is 1:1.

[0030] Embodiment 2, on the basis of embodiment 1, as Figure 3As shown, the electric drive axle assembly 4 is composed of two independent electric drive axles. The drive motor I41 drives the electric drive non-through front axle II45, and the drive motor I44 drives the electric drive non-through rear axle II46.

[0031] Embodiment 3, on the basis of embodiment 1, as Figure 4 As shown, the electric drive axle assembly 4 includes a drive motor I41, an electric drive transfer case 49, an electric drive non-through front axle III47 and an electric drive non-through rear axle III48. The drive motor I41 is connected to the electric drive non-through front axle III47 and the electric drive non-through rear axle III48 through the front and rear output ends of the electric drive transfer case 49.

[0032] When the system of the present invention is used: When the vehicle is running under light load, the engine drives the mechanical drive axle to provide driving force for the vehicle, and the electric drive axle assembly does not participate in the output power. When the engine driving force is insufficient during heavy-load driving, climbing a slope, or tire slippage, the electric drive axle assembly participates in the driving to provide additional driving force. The specific conditions are as follows: (1) When starting, when the engine driving force is insufficient, the vehicle speed and throttle signals are collected to control the output torque and speed of the drive motor, so that the speed of the electric drive axle is consistent with that of the mechanical six-wheel drive axle, providing additional driving force for the vehicle; (2) When climbing a slope, if the engine driving force is insufficient, the vehicle speed will gradually decrease. The vehicle speed and throttle signals are collected to control the output torque and speed of the drive motor so that the speed of the electric drive axle is consistent with that of the mechanical six-wheel drive axle, providing additional driving force for the entire vehicle; (3) When passing through complex road conditions, the wheels may be suspended in the air due to the long body of the vehicle. At this time, the driving capacity of the mechanical drive axle is not enough to get the vehicle out of trouble. By collecting the ABS wheel speed signal and the vehicle speed signal, the output torque of the drive motor is controlled to keep the speed of the electric drive axle consistent with the mechanical six-wheel drive axle, ensuring that the tires of the electric drive axle do not slip and provide driving force for the entire vehicle.

[0033] The present invention replaces the hydraulic drive with an electric drive device, has high efficiency, simple structure, convenient layout, eliminates complex hydraulic pipelines and hydraulic components such as pumps and motors, and reduces the risk of oil leakage.

[0034] The motor speed control of the present invention is high in precision, and solves the problems of low speed control precision of hydraulic drive, slow speed regulation response, abnormal tire wear and reverse drag of the drive axle.

[0035] Embodiment 4, the present invention discloses a crane, comprising the multi-bridge drive system described in the above embodiments.

[0036] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-bridge chassis drive system, characterized in that: Including mechanical drive device, mechanical drive system and electric drive system; The mechanical drive system comprises a front drive axle assembly and a rear drive axle assembly, and the mechanical drive device forms at least a two-axle drive with the front drive axle assembly and the rear drive axle assembly through a transfer case; The electric drive system is used to provide driving force for the entire vehicle when the power for getting off the vehicle is insufficient or the transmission capacity is insufficient.

2. The multi-axle chassis drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mechanical drive device comprises an engine, a power output end of the engine is connected to a gearbox, and the gearbox is connected to a transfer case via a transmission shaft.

3. The multi-axle chassis drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front drive axle assembly includes a triple drive front axle, a through front axle and a non-through front axle. One end of the triple drive front axle is connected to the transfer case through a transmission shaft, and the other end is connected to the through front axle through a transmission shaft. The through front axle is connected to the non-through front axle through a transmission shaft.

4. The multi-axle chassis drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear drive axle assembly includes a triple drive rear axle, a through rear axle and a non-through rear axle. One end of the triple drive rear axle is connected to the transfer case through a transmission shaft, and the other end is connected to the through rear axle through a transmission shaft. The through rear axle is connected to the non-through rear axle through a transmission shaft.

5. The multi-axle chassis drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric drive system includes one of a single electric drive axle, a dual electric drive axle or a plurality of electric drive axles.

6. The multi-axle chassis drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the electric drive axle assembly is a single electric drive axle, it includes a drive motor I, an electric drive through front axle I and an electric drive non-through rear axle I. The drive motor I is connected to the electric drive through front axle I, and the electric drive through front axle I is connected to the electric drive non-through rear axle I through a transmission shaft.

7. The multi-axle chassis drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the electric drive axle assembly becomes a dual electric drive axle, it includes a drive motor I, a drive motor II, an electric drive non-through front axle II and an electric drive non-through rear axle II. The drive motor I is connected to the electric drive non-through front axle II, and the drive motor II is connected to the electric drive non-through rear axle II.

8. The multi-axle chassis drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the electric drive axle assembly is a single electric drive axle, it includes a drive motor I, an electric drive transfer case, an electric drive non-through front axle III, and an electric drive non-through rear axle III. The output end of the drive motor I is connected to the electric drive transfer case, and the electric drive transfer case is respectively connected to the electric drive non-through front axle III and the electric drive non-through rear axle III.

9. The multi-axle chassis drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mechanical drive system includes one of two-bridge drive, three-bridge drive, four-bridge drive, five-bridge drive or six-bridge drive.

10. A crane, characterized in that: A multi-axle chassis drive system comprising any one of claims 1-9.

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