Overflow type rural scattered water supply water quality purification and pipeline biological membrane culture device and method

Abstract

The application provides a kind of overcurrent type rural scattered water supply water quality purification and pipeline biological membrane culture device and method, it is related to rural water supply technical field, including: submersible pump, the submersible pump is provided with electrical control box, the side of the submersible pump is provided with sand filter jar, the side of the sand filter jar away from submersible pump is provided with water storage tank, the submersible pump, sand filter jar and water storage tank are connected with the pipe that surpasses between every two, the side of the water storage tank away from sand filter jar is provided with stirring disinfection water tank.The application, not only can realize turbidity removal pretreatment, but also can complete water supply flow rate, disinfection mode, pipe material and other process parameter adjustment, and it is convenient to in situ collection biological membrane, can more effectively study chlorine, chlorine dioxide or ultraviolet and other different single or combined disinfection mode under the growth characteristics of rural scattered water supply water quality purification efficiency and pipeline biological membrane, more in line with the actual situation of rural scattered water supply, with application flexible, easy to operate, less land occupation, strong popularization and other advantages.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rural water supply technology, and in particular to a flow-through rural decentralized water supply water quality purification and pipeline biofilm cultivation device and method. Background Technology

[0002] The newly promulgated GB5749-2022 "Standards for Drinking Water Quality" has removed some water quality indicators and limits for small-scale centralized and decentralized water supply in rural areas from GB5749-2006. Urban and rural areas now adhere to a unified drinking water quality standard, placing higher demands on rural water supply quality assurance. Rural decentralized water supply often uses groundwater, spring water, and mountain streams as sources, resulting in relatively good water quality. The main problem is microbial contamination, with turbidity rising due to factors such as rainfall. Sedimentation and disinfection can be used to purify the water. However, currently, rural decentralized water supply often involves no disinfection or intermittent chlorination, frequently leading to severe microbial contamination in tap water or excessive chlorination resulting in the formation of harmful disinfection byproducts. There is a lack of suitable and optimized disinfection processes for rural decentralized water supply. Simultaneously, the growth and shedding of biofilms in water supply pipelines can easily cause microbial growth in the water, leading to secondary pollution and severe exceedances of microbial indicators in tap water. Therefore, the synergistic control of water quality purification and biofilm growth in rural decentralized water supply pipelines has attracted widespread attention.

[0003] Biofilms are important carriers of pathogenic microorganisms in water supply systems, and their growth and shedding are mainly affected by factors such as disinfection methods and dosages, water quality, pipe materials, and water flow rates. Currently, the collection and analysis of biofilms in actual rural decentralized water supply pipelines relies primarily on replacing abandoned water supply pipes, lacking cultivation devices and methods for biofilms in rural decentralized water supply pipelines under different disinfection methods or pipe materials. Most existing biofilm cultivation devices are laboratory simulation devices such as circular reactors and concentric reactors, or scaled-down simulation devices of circulating urban pipe networks, which differ significantly from the characteristics of actual pipelines and cannot accurately reflect the true state of biofilm growth in rural water supply pipelines. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a flexible, convenient, widely applicable, and adaptable decentralized water supply water purification and pipeline biofilm cultivation device and method that can be selected from multiple disinfection methods or pipe materials, allows for adjustable flow rates, and is tailored to the realities of rural areas. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: It includes a submersible pump, an electrical control box mounted on the submersible pump, a sand filter tank mounted on one side of the submersible pump, a water storage tank mounted on the side of the sand filter tank away from the submersible pump, a bypass pipe connecting each pair of the submersible pump, sand filter tank, and water storage tank, a stirring and disinfection tank mounted on the side of the water storage tank away from the sand filter tank, a valve mounted on the side of the stirring and disinfection tank away from the water storage tank, a flow control pump mounted between each pair of the water storage tank, stirring and disinfection tank, and valve, a concentrated disinfectant tank mounted on the stirring and disinfection tank, a flow meter mounted on the side of the valve away from the flow control pump, and a flow-through water supply pipe mounted on the side of the flow meter away from the valve. The flow-through water supply pipe is equipped with a flow-through ultraviolet disinfection lamp, multiple biofilm sampling devices, and a sampling port along the pipe.

[0006] The multi-slide biofilm sampling device includes a water supply pipe connecting component, a circular biofilm slide is provided on one side of the water supply pipe connecting component, a square slide of different materials is provided in the circular biofilm slide, a piston assembly is provided on the side of the circular biofilm slide away from the water supply pipe connecting component, and a screw cap is provided at one end of the piston assembly.

[0007] One end of the flow-through water supply pipe is equipped with a flow-through ultraviolet disinfection metal shell, a flow-through ultraviolet disinfection glass protective cover is installed inside the flow-through ultraviolet disinfection metal shell, and a flow-through ultraviolet disinfection lamp is installed inside the flow-through ultraviolet disinfection glass protective cover.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the circular biofilm carrier is made of polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride, with a diameter matching the diameter of the opening on the side of the pipe wall. It can also be vertically inserted into square carriers of different materials. The piston assembly can be directly embedded into the circular biofilm carrier and secured with screws of the same size. The water supply pipe connecting component is connected and secured to the side of the water supply pipe via threads for the first and second parts. The various carrier biofilm sampling devices are deployed every 5 to 10 meters along the water supply pipe. By changing the material of the biofilm carrier, when biofilm needs to be collected, the piston assembly of the biofilm sampling device can be directly disassembled to remove the in-situ circular biofilm carrier and square carriers of different materials.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, one end of each of the two flow-through water supply pipes is connected to both ends of the same side of the flow-through ultraviolet disinfection metal casing. The flow-through ultraviolet disinfection lamp is installed in the flow-through ultraviolet disinfection glass protective cover, and one end of the flow-through ultraviolet disinfection glass protective cover is installed in the flow-through ultraviolet disinfection metal casing.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the bottom of the sand filter tank is laid with pebbles, the lower part of the sand layer is 1-2 mm sand, accounting for 2 / 3 of the total sand, and the upper part of the sand layer is 0.2-0.5 mm sand, accounting for 1 / 3 of the total sand. The sand filter tank is equipped with an overflow pipe. When the turbidity of the source water is less than 0.2 NTU, the water is drawn directly into the water storage tank through the overflow pipe.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the water tank has a top inlet and a bottom outlet for sludge removal, with an outlet located 0.5 meters from the bottom. The water tank is equipped with a level gauge; when the water volume is less than 1 / 3, the electrical control box automatically activates a submersible pump to replenish the tank. The stirring disinfection tank is equipped with a concentrated disinfectant tank, allowing the addition of different disinfectants such as sodium hypochlorite and chlorine dioxide for chemical disinfection studies. The disinfectant is pumped in via a flow control pump, and the flow rate and concentration of the concentrated disinfectant can be adjusted using the pump and valves to ensure the required disinfectant concentration in the outlet water. Flow control pumps are installed before and after the stirring disinfection tank to control the water residence time and meet the required disinfection contact time. The stirring disinfection tank has a built-in mixer, which mechanically agitates the water to ensure sufficient contact between the water and the disinfectant.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the flow-through water supply pipeline is 30-120 meters long, with a diameter of DN25. The pipeline is arranged in a compact S-shape and is made of polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, or stainless steel. The pipelines are connected by threads. The flow-through water supply pipeline is equipped with various biofilm sampling devices and water inlets along its length, and a faucet is installed at the end of the pipeline. A flow control pump and flow meter are installed before the flow-through water supply pipeline to adjust and monitor the flow rate of the water in the pipeline.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, flow-through ultraviolet disinfection lamps are installed at the front of the flow-through water supply pipe and at the faucet end, respectively. The ultraviolet dose is 10-40 mJ / cm2. They can be turned on and off separately or simultaneously. Single or dual ultraviolet disinfection methods can be designed according to experimental research. They can also be used in conjunction with disinfectants to form a combination process of ultraviolet / chemical disinfection. This is used to carry out research on water quality purification and pipeline biofilm growth control in rural decentralized water supply under the comparison of multiple disinfection methods.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the following steps are included:

[0015] S1. Fix the biofilm sampling device with different material slides to the side of the water supply pipe and check for leaks;

[0016] S2. Select water supply pipes of different materials, connect and fix them section by section through the threaded joints, and check for leaks;

[0017] S3. Securely install the flow-through ultraviolet disinfection lamps at the front and faucet ends of the water supply pipeline and the water intake points along the pipeline.

[0018] S4. Set the control mode of the water tank level gauge through the electrical control box to realize automatic or manual control of the water tank level;

[0019] S5. Depending on the turbidity of the source water and the specific experimental requirements, decide whether to allow the water to enter the storage tank directly through a sand filter or a bypass pipe.

[0020] S6. Securely connect the mixing disinfection tank and the concentrated disinfection liquid tank, select whether to add disinfectant, the type of disinfectant and the dosage, and adjust the disinfection contact time and the concentration of disinfectant in the effluent by adjusting the flow rate of the mixing disinfection tank inlet pump and the concentrated disinfection liquid tank.

[0021] S7. Adjust the flow control pump and valves, and determine the flow velocity of the water in the flow-through water supply pipeline by means of the flow meter;

[0022] S8. Based on specific usage requirements, select whether to add disinfectant, whether to turn on ultraviolet lamps, and select specific disinfection methods, including single chemical disinfection, single ultraviolet disinfection, dual ultraviolet disinfection, or a combination of ultraviolet / chemical disinfection processes. Determine the type and dosage of disinfectant, and conduct research on the control of water quality purification and biofilm growth characteristics under different disinfection methods.

[0023] S9. Start the device to continuously supply water and periodically take water samples from the tap and along the water supply line to analyze changes in water quality.

[0024] S10. Periodically remove the biofilm sampling device to obtain biofilms grown in situ with different flow rates, disinfection methods, pipe materials, or pipe locations, and then analyze the formation process and growth characteristics of the biofilm.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0026] This invention not only enables turbidity pretreatment but also allows for the adjustment of process parameters such as water flow rate, disinfection method, and pipe material. Furthermore, it facilitates in-situ biofilm collection, enabling more effective research on the water purification efficiency and pipeline biofilm growth characteristics of rural decentralized water supply under different single or combined disinfection methods such as chlorine, chlorine dioxide, or ultraviolet light. It is more in line with the actual situation of rural decentralized water supply and has the advantages of flexible application, simple operation, small footprint, and strong scalability. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a flow-through rural decentralized water supply water purification and pipeline biofilm cultivation device;

[0028] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a biofilm sampling device for assembling slides of different materials;

[0029] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a circular biofilm slide and a vertically inserted square slide;

[0030] Figure 4 Cross-sectional view of a biofilm sampling device with slides of different materials assembled;

[0031] Figure 5 A plan view of a biofilm sampling device for assembling slides of different materials;

[0032] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the installation of a flow-through ultraviolet disinfection lamp;

[0033] Figure 7 The change in total bacterial count in rural decentralized water supply under the single disinfection effect of NaClO;

[0034] Figure 8 Morphology of biofilms on polypropylene (PP) and stainless steel (SS) pipes under NaClO sterilization alone;

[0035] Figure 9 The changes in total bacterial count in rural decentralized water supply under the single disinfection effect of ClO2;

[0036] Figure 10 Morphology of biofilm on PP and SS pipes under single ClO2 disinfection;

[0037] Figure 11 The change in total bacterial count in decentralized rural water supply systems without disinfection treatment;

[0038] Figure 12 Morphology of biofilm on PP and SS pipes without sterilization treatment;

[0039] Figure 13 The change in total bacterial count in rural decentralized water supply under the action of single ultraviolet (UV) disinfection before the water supply pipeline;

[0040] Figure 14 The image shows the morphology of the biofilm on PP and SS pipes under UV disinfection before the water supply pipeline.

[0041] Figure 15 The change in total bacterial count in rural decentralized water supply under dual UV disinfection at the pipe end and tap end of the water supply pipeline.

[0042] Legend:

[0043] 1. Submersible pump; 2. Sand filter tank; 3. Overpass pipe; 4. Water storage tank; 5. Electrical control box; 6. Concentrated disinfectant tank; 7. Stirring disinfectant tank; 8. Flow-through water supply pipeline; 9. Flow-through ultraviolet disinfection lamp; 10. Various biofilm sampling devices; 11. Pipeline sampling port; 12. Flow control pump; 13. Flow meter; 14. Valve; 15. Circular biofilm carrier; 16. Piston assembly; 17. Water supply pipeline connecting components; 18. Square carriers of different materials; 19. Nut; 20. Flow-through ultraviolet disinfection lamp; 21. Flow-through ultraviolet disinfection glass protective cover; 22. Flow-through ultraviolet disinfection metal casing. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. The specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0045] It should be further noted that the accompanying drawings and embodiments of the present invention mainly describe the concept of the present invention. Based on this concept, some specific forms and arrangements of connection relationships, positional relationships, power mechanisms, power supply systems, hydraulic systems and control systems may not be fully described. However, under the premise that those skilled in the art understand the concept of the present invention, they can implement the above-mentioned specific forms and arrangements in a well-known manner.

[0046] When a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to that other component.

[0047] The directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours of each component itself. The terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0048] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "over," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "above" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways, and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0049] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, and "several" means one or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0050] The present invention will now describe a flow-through rural decentralized water supply water purification and pipeline biofilm cultivation device and method.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] like Figure 1 - Figure 8 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a flow-through type rural decentralized water supply water purification and pipeline biofilm cultivation device and method, comprising: a submersible pump 1, an electrical control box 5 installed on the submersible pump 1, a sand filter tank 2 installed on one side of the submersible pump 1, a water storage tank 4 installed on the side of the sand filter tank 2 away from the submersible pump 1, a bypass pipe 3 connecting each pair of the submersible pump 1, the sand filter tank 2, and the water storage tank 4, and a stirring and disinfection water tank 7 installed on the side of the water storage tank 4 away from the sand filter tank 2. A valve 14 is installed on one side away from the water storage tank 4. A flow control pump 12 is installed between each pair of the water storage tank 4, the stirring disinfection water tank 7, and the valve 14. A concentrated disinfectant tank 6 is installed on the stirring disinfection water tank 7. A flow meter 13 is installed on the side of the valve 14 away from the flow control pump 12. A flow-through water supply pipe 8 is installed on the side of the flow meter 13 away from the valve 14. A flow-through ultraviolet disinfection lamp 9, a multi-slide biofilm sampling device 10, and a sampling port 11 along the pipe are respectively installed on the flow-through water supply pipe 8.

[0053] In this embodiment, the submersible pump 1 is activated to draw source water into the sand filter tank 2 for filtration and turbidity removal, and then into the water storage tank 4. Alternatively, when the turbidity of the source water is below 0.2 NTU, the source water directly enters the water storage tank 4 through the bypass pipe 3. When the water level in the water storage tank 4 is less than 1 / 3 of its capacity, the electrical control box 5 automatically controls the activation of the submersible pump 1 to replenish the tank. Water exits from the bottom 0.5 m of the water storage tank 4 and is drawn by the flow control pump 12 into the stirring disinfection water tank 7, which is equipped with a concentrated disinfectant tank 6, and the disinfection contact time is adjusted. Sufficient concentrated sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) disinfectant is added to the concentrated disinfectant tank 6 in advance, and the stirring disinfection water tank 7 has a built-in agitator to ensure sufficient disinfection contact for 30 minutes. The flow control pump 12 adjusts the addition rate of the concentrated solution to achieve a preset residual chlorine level of 0.3–0.5 mg / L in the outlet water of the stirring disinfection water tank 7. Without activating the flow-through ultraviolet disinfection lamps 9 at the water supply pipe and faucet end, a single NaClO disinfection method is adopted. Water from the agitated disinfection tank 7 is directly supplied to the flow-through water supply pipe 8. The flow rate in the water supply pipe is adjusted to a preset velocity of 0.1 m / s via a flow control pump 12, flow meter 13, and valve 14. Before starting the device, the flow-through water supply pipe 8 is constructed of polyethylene (PE) pipe with threaded connections in an S-shape. Biofilm carriers made of polypropylene (PP), stainless steel (SS), and copper (Cu) are pre-assembled onto the biofilm sampling device and fixedly installed on the side of the water supply pipe. The device is then continuously operated, and water samples are periodically taken from the faucet and along the pipe to analyze the changes in water quality in the rural decentralized water supply system under NaClO disinfection. Figure 7 The figure shows the change in total bacterial count in rural decentralized water supply under single NaClO disinfection, with no disinfection treatment as a control. Simultaneously, the piston assembly 16 of the biofilm sampling device along the pipeline was periodically removed to obtain circular slides and square slides of different materials from different pipe materials under single NaClO disinfection. Further analysis of the biofilm growth characteristics was conducted, such as... Figure 8 The image shows the morphology of the biofilm on PP and SS pipes under the single NaClO disinfection effect.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, the multi-slide biofilm sampling device 10 includes a water supply pipe connecting component 17, a circular biofilm slide 15 is provided on one side of the water supply pipe connecting component 17, a square slide 18 of different materials is provided in the circular biofilm slide 15, a piston assembly 16 is provided on the side of the circular biofilm slide 15 away from the water supply pipe connecting component 17, and a screw cap 19 is provided at one end of the piston assembly 16.

[0056] In this embodiment, ClO2 concentrate is added to the concentrated disinfectant tank 6, and the flow rate of the ClO2 concentrate is adjusted by the flow control pump 12 to achieve a preset ClO2 residue in the disinfectant tank outlet of 0.1–0.3 mg / L. The rest is the same as in specific implementation example 1: the device is continuously operated, and water samples are periodically taken from the tap and along the water supply route to analyze the changes in water quality of the rural decentralized water supply under the action of ClO2 disinfection. Figure 9 The figure shows the change in total bacterial count in rural decentralized water supply under single ClO2 disinfection, with no disinfection treatment as the control. Figure 10 The image shows the morphology of the biofilm on PP and SS pipes under single ClO2 disinfection.

[0057] Example 3

[0058] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the circular biofilm carrier 15 is made of different materials such as polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride, and its diameter is the same as the diameter of the opening on the side of the pipe wall. It can also be vertically inserted into the square carrier 18 of different materials. The piston assembly 16 can be directly embedded into the circular biofilm carrier 15 and fixed with a screw cap 19 of the same size. The water supply pipe connecting component 17 is connected and fixed to the side of the water supply pipe by threaded connection. The multi-carrier biofilm sampling device 10 is deployed every 5 to 10 meters along the water supply pipe. By changing the material of the biofilm carrier, when it is necessary to collect biofilm, the piston assembly 16 of the biofilm sampling device can be directly disassembled to take out the in-situ circular biofilm carrier 15 and the square carrier 18 of different materials.

[0059] In this embodiment, no disinfectant is added to the concentrated disinfectant tank 6, and the ultraviolet lamps at the water supply pipe and faucet end are kept off. The source water is pumped by submersible pump 1 into the sand filter tank 2, water storage tank 4, and a stirring disinfectant tank 7 (without disinfectant), and then directly into the water supply pipe, delivering it to the faucet. The device operates continuously, periodically taking water samples from the faucet, water samples along the pipeline, and biofilm along the pipeline. The rest is the same as in specific implementation example 1. The results are as follows: Figure 11 The figure shows the changes in total bacterial count in decentralized rural water supply systems without disinfection treatment. Figure 12 The image shows the morphology of biofilm on PP and SS pipes without sterilization treatment.

[0060] Example 4

[0061] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, one end of the flow-through water supply pipe 8 is provided with a flow-through ultraviolet disinfection metal casing 22, a flow-through ultraviolet disinfection glass protective cover 21 is provided in the flow-through ultraviolet disinfection metal casing 22, and a flow-through ultraviolet disinfection lamp 20 is provided in the flow-through ultraviolet disinfection glass protective cover 21.

[0062] In this embodiment, no disinfectant is added to the concentrated disinfectant tank 6. The ultraviolet disinfection lamp at the faucet end is kept off. The ultraviolet disinfection lamp before the water supply pipeline is started and kept running continuously. The power of the ultraviolet disinfection lamp before the pipeline is 28 W, and the ultraviolet dose is 40 mJ / cm2. The source water enters the sand filter tank 2, the water storage tank 4, and the stirring disinfection tank 7 without disinfectant via the submersible pump 1. Then it is disinfected by the ultraviolet lamp before the water supply pipeline and then enters the water supply pipeline to be delivered to the faucet. The rest is the same as in specific implementation example 1. The device is continuously operated, and water samples are taken from the faucet, water samples along the pipeline, and biofilm along the pipeline at regular intervals. The results are as follows: Figure 13 The figure shows the change in total bacterial count in rural decentralized water supply systems under UV disinfection before the water supply pipeline, with no disinfection treatment as a control. Figure 14 The image shows the morphology of the biofilm on PP and SS pipes under UV disinfection before the water supply pipeline.

[0063] Example 5

[0064] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 15 As shown, one end of each of the two flow-through water supply pipes 8 is connected to the two ends of the same side of the flow-through ultraviolet disinfection metal casing 22. The flow-through ultraviolet disinfection lamp 20 is installed in the flow-through ultraviolet disinfection glass protective cover 21, and one end of the flow-through ultraviolet disinfection glass protective cover 21 is installed in the flow-through ultraviolet disinfection metal casing 22.

[0065] In this embodiment, no disinfectant is added to the concentrated disinfectant tank 6. Simultaneously, the ultraviolet disinfection lamps before the water supply pipeline and at the faucet end are activated and kept running continuously. The power of each ultraviolet disinfection lamp is 28 W, and the ultraviolet dose is 40 mJ / cm². The source water is pumped by submersible pump 1 into the sand filter tank 2, the water storage tank 4, and the disinfectant-free stirring disinfection tank 7. After being disinfected by the ultraviolet lamps before the water supply pipeline, it enters the water supply pipeline, then undergoes ultraviolet disinfection at the faucet end, and finally reaches the faucet. The rest is the same as in specific implementation example 1. The continuously operating device periodically collects water samples from the faucet, water samples along the pipeline, and biofilm along the pipeline. The results are as follows... Figure 15 The figure shows the change in the total number of bacterial colonies in rural decentralized water supply under dual UV disinfection treatment at the pipe front and tap end.

[0066] Example 6

[0067] like Figure 1 - Figure 8 As shown, the bottom of the sand filter tank 2 is covered with pebbles. The lower part of the sand layer is 1-2 mm sand, accounting for 2 / 3 of the total sand, and the upper part of the sand layer is 0.2-0.5 mm sand, accounting for 1 / 3 of the total sand. The sand filter tank 2 is equipped with an overflow pipe 3. When the turbidity of the source water is less than 0.2 NTU, the water is drawn directly through the overflow pipe 3 into the water storage tank 4.

[0068] In this embodiment, a combined NaClO / ultraviolet disinfection treatment is adopted. NaClO is added to the concentrated disinfectant tank 6, and the ultraviolet disinfection lamp at the faucet end of the water supply pipeline is turned on and kept running continuously. The water purification efficiency of rural decentralized water supply and the growth characteristics of pipeline biofilm under the combined disinfection of NaClO / ultraviolet are studied. The rest is the same as in specific implementation example 1.

[0069] Example 7

[0070] like Figure 1 - Figure 8 As shown, the water tank 4 has water intake at the top and sludge discharge at the bottom, with an outlet 0.5 meters from the bottom. The water tank 4 is equipped with a level gauge; when the water volume in the tank is less than 1 / 3, the electrical control box 5 automatically starts the submersible pump 1 to replenish the tank. The stirring disinfection tank 7 is equipped with a concentrated disinfectant tank 6, which can add different disinfectants such as sodium hypochlorite and chlorine dioxide for chemical disinfection studies. The disinfectant is pumped in through a flow control pump 12, and the flow rate and concentration of the concentrated disinfectant can be adjusted via the flow control pump 12 and valve 14 to ensure the disinfectant concentration in the outlet water of the stirring disinfection tank 7 meets the requirements. Flow control pumps 12 are installed at both the front and rear of the stirring disinfection tank 7 to control the hydraulic residence time to meet the required disinfection contact time. The stirring disinfection tank 7 has a built-in mixer, which mechanically agitates the water to ensure sufficient contact between the water and the disinfectant.

[0071] In this embodiment, a single NaClO disinfection treatment is adopted, but the source water does not undergo turbidity removal treatment in the sand filter tank 2 and enters the water storage tank, disinfection tank and water supply pipeline directly through the bypass pipe 3. The effect of turbidity on the total number of colonies and the growth of pipeline biofilm in rural decentralized water supply under the single NaClO disinfection is studied. The rest is the same as in specific embodiment 1.

[0072] Example 8

[0073] like Figure 1 - Figure 8 As shown, the flow-through water supply pipeline 8 is 30-120 meters long with a diameter of DN25, which is a common length and diameter for rural water supply. Its flow-through, non-circulating design better suits the actual rural water supply situation. The pipeline is arranged in a compact S-shape and is made of polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, or stainless steel, with threaded connections between pipes. Various biofilm sampling devices 10 and water inlets are installed along the flow-through water supply pipeline 8, and a faucet is installed at the end of the pipeline. A flow control pump 12 and a flow meter 13 are installed before the flow-through water supply pipeline 8 to adjust and monitor the flow rate of the water in the pipeline. Flow-through ultraviolet disinfection lamps 9 are installed before the flow-through water supply pipeline 8 and at the faucet end, with an ultraviolet dose of 10-40 mJ / cm². These lamps can be turned on and off separately or simultaneously. Single or dual ultraviolet disinfection methods can be designed according to experimental research, and it can also be used in conjunction with disinfectants to form an ultraviolet / chemical disinfection combination process. This is used to conduct research on water quality purification and pipeline biofilm growth control in rural decentralized water supply systems under the comparison of various disinfection methods.

[0074] In this embodiment, the ground-flow water supply pipe 8 can be disassembled and replaced with materials such as PVC or ductile iron, so as to study the influence of different pipe materials on the water purification efficiency of rural decentralized water supply and the growth characteristics of pipe biofilm. The rest is the same as in specific embodiment 1.

[0075] Working principle:

[0076] like Figure 1-15 As shown, submersible pump 1 starts, drawing water from the source and conveying it to sand filter tank 2 for preliminary filtration to remove suspended solids and particles, reducing the turbidity of the water. When the turbidity of the source water is below 0.2 NTU, the water can directly enter the storage tank 4 through bypass pipe 3. The storage tank 4 is equipped with a level gauge. When the water level is below 1 / 3 of the total capacity, the electrical control box 5 will automatically control submersible pump 1 to replenish water, ensuring sufficient water for subsequent treatment.

[0077] Preliminary treated water is pumped from the bottom of the storage tank 4 to the mixing and disinfection tank 7 via the flow control pump 12. In the mixing and disinfection tank 7, the disinfectant (sodium hypochlorite or chlorine dioxide) stored in the concentrated disinfectant tank 6 is added to the water. A mixer ensures that the water and disinfectant are evenly mixed, providing sufficient contact time to guarantee the disinfection effect. The flow control pump 12 and flow meter 13 are used to regulate and monitor the water flow rate in the water supply pipeline, ensuring that the preset flow rate and disinfectant concentration are reached, achieving effective water purification.

[0078] Water passing through the agitated disinfection tank 7 is then transported to the flow-through water supply pipeline 8. Within the flow-through water supply pipeline 8, flow-through ultraviolet disinfection lamps 9 and various biofilm sampling devices 10 are used for further treatment and monitoring. The flow-through ultraviolet disinfection lamps 9 are activated at appropriate times to provide physical disinfection, while the biofilm sampling devices 10 help analyze biofilm growth within the pipeline under different disinfection conditions. During system operation, water samples from faucets and along the pipeline are periodically sampled and analyzed to monitor changes in water quality and total bacterial count. Simultaneously, the piston assembly 16 of the biofilm sampling device 10 can be removed to collect biofilm slides for analysis of biofilm growth characteristics and morphology. These measures ensure water safety and hygiene, providing a research basis for the natural growth and control of biofilm within the pipeline.

[0079] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0080] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0081] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this application. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

Claims

1. A flow-through type rural decentralized water supply water purification and pipeline biofilm cultivation device, characterized in that, include: A submersible pump (1) is provided with an electrical control box (5). A sand filter tank (2) is provided on one side of the submersible pump (1). A water storage tank (4) is provided on the side of the sand filter tank (2) away from the submersible pump (1). A bypass pipe (3) connects each pair of the submersible pump (1), the sand filter tank (2), and the water storage tank (4). A stirring and disinfecting water tank (7) is provided on the side of the water storage tank (4) away from the sand filter tank (2). A valve (14) is provided on the side of the stirring and disinfecting water tank (7) away from the water storage tank (4). (4) A flow control pump (12) is provided between each pair of the stirring disinfection tank (7) and the valve (14). A concentrated disinfectant tank (6) is provided on the stirring disinfection tank (7). A flow meter (13) is provided on the side of the valve (14) away from the flow control pump (12). A flow-through water supply pipe (8) is provided on the side of the flow meter (13) away from the valve (14). A flow-through ultraviolet disinfection lamp (9), a multi-slide biofilm sampling device (10), and a sampling port (11) along the pipe are respectively provided on the flow-through water supply pipe (8). The multi-slide biofilm sampling device (10) includes a water supply pipe connecting component (17), a circular biofilm slide (15) is provided on one side of the water supply pipe connecting component (17), a square slide (18) of different materials is provided in the circular biofilm slide (15), a piston assembly (16) is provided on the side of the circular biofilm slide (15) away from the water supply pipe connecting component (17), and a screw cap (19) is provided at one end of the piston assembly (16). One end of the flow-through water supply pipe (8) is provided with a flow-through ultraviolet disinfection metal shell (22), a flow-through ultraviolet disinfection glass protective cover (21) is provided in the flow-through ultraviolet disinfection metal shell (22), and a flow-through ultraviolet disinfection lamp (20) is provided in the flow-through ultraviolet disinfection glass protective cover (21).

2. The overflow-type rural decentralized water supply water purification and pipeline biofilm cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circular biofilm carrier (15) is made of polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride, and its diameter is the same as the diameter of the opening on the side of the pipe wall. It can also be vertically inserted into square carriers (18) of different materials. The piston assembly (16) can be directly embedded into the circular biofilm carrier (15) and fixed with a screw cap (19) of the same size. The water supply pipe connecting component (17) is connected and fixed to the side of the water supply pipe by thread. The multi-carrier biofilm sampling device (10) is laid out every 5 to 10 meters along the water supply pipe. By changing the material of the biofilm carrier, when it is necessary to collect biofilm, the piston assembly (16) of the biofilm sampling device can be directly disassembled to take out the in-situ circular biofilm carrier (15) and square carriers (18) of different materials.

3. The overflow-type rural decentralized water supply water purification and pipeline biofilm cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of each of the two flow-through water supply pipes (8) is connected to the two ends of the same side of the flow-through ultraviolet disinfection metal casing (22). The flow-through ultraviolet disinfection lamp (20) is installed in the flow-through ultraviolet disinfection glass protective cover (21). One end of the flow-through ultraviolet disinfection glass protective cover (21) is installed in the flow-through ultraviolet disinfection metal casing (22).

4. The overflow-type rural decentralized water supply water purification and pipeline biofilm cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the sand filter tank (2) is covered with pebbles. The lower part of the sand layer is 1-2 mm sand, accounting for 2 / 3 of the total sand, and the upper part of the sand layer is 0.2-0.5 mm sand, accounting for 1 / 3 of the total sand. The sand filter tank (2) is equipped with a bypass pipe (3). When the turbidity of the water source is less than 0.2 NTU, the water is drawn directly through the bypass pipe (3) into the water storage tank (4).

5. The overflow-type rural decentralized water supply water purification and pipeline biofilm cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water tank (4) is filled with water from the top and sludge is discharged from the bottom. The outlet is set 0.5 meters from the bottom. The water tank (4) is equipped with a level gauge. When the volume of water in the water tank (4) is less than 1 / 3, the electrical control box (5) automatically starts to control the submersible pump (1) to pump water to fill it. The stirring disinfection water tank (7) is equipped with a concentrated disinfectant tank (6). Sodium hypochlorite and chlorine dioxide can be added to conduct chemical disinfection research. The disinfectant is pumped in through the flow control pump (12). The flow rate and concentration of the concentrated disinfectant can be adjusted by the flow control pump (12) and the valve (14) to ensure that the concentration of disinfectant in the water outlet of the stirring disinfection water tank (7) meets the requirements. The stirring disinfection water tank (7) is equipped with flow control pumps (12) at both the front and back to control the water flow residence time to meet the required disinfection contact time. The stirring disinfection water tank (7) has a built-in mixer. The mechanical stirring ensures that the water and disinfectant are in full contact.

6. The overflow-type rural decentralized water supply water purification and pipeline biofilm cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow-through water supply pipeline (8) is 30 to 120 meters long and has a diameter of DN25. The pipeline is arranged in an S-shape and is made of polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene or stainless steel. The pipelines are connected by threads. The flow-through water supply pipeline (8) is equipped with various slide biofilm sampling devices (10) and water inlets along its length, and a faucet is installed at the end of the pipeline. The flow-through water supply pipeline (8) is equipped with a flow control pump (12) and a flow meter (13) in front of the pipeline, which can adjust and monitor the flow rate of the water in the water supply pipeline.

7. The overflow-type rural decentralized water supply water purification and pipeline biofilm cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow-through water supply pipe (8) is equipped with flow-through ultraviolet disinfection lamps (9) at the pipe front and the faucet end, respectively. The ultraviolet dose is 10-40 mJ / cm2. They can be turned on and off separately or simultaneously. Single or double ultraviolet disinfection methods can be designed according to experimental research. They can also be used in conjunction with disinfectants to form a combination process of ultraviolet / chemical disinfection. This is used to carry out research on water quality purification and pipeline biofilm growth control of rural decentralized water supply under the comparison of multiple disinfection methods.

8. The method of using the flow-through rural decentralized water supply water purification and pipeline biofilm cultivation device according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Fix the biofilm sampling device with different material slides to the side of the water supply pipe and check for leaks; S2. Select water supply pipes of different materials, connect and fix them section by section through the threaded joints, and check for leaks; S3. Securely install the flow-through ultraviolet disinfection lamp (9) at the front of the water supply pipe and the faucet end, and the water intake along the pipeline; S4. Set the control mode of the water level gauge of the water storage tank (4) through the electrical control box (5) to realize automatic or manual control of the water level of the water storage tank (4); S5. Depending on the turbidity of the source water and the specific experimental requirements, choose whether to allow the water to enter the storage tank (4) directly through the sand filter tank (2) or through the bypass pipe (3). S6. Fix the mixing disinfection tank (7) and the concentrated disinfectant tank (6) in place, select whether to add disinfectant, the type of disinfectant and the dosage, and adjust the disinfection contact time and the concentration of disinfectant in the effluent by adjusting the flow rate of the water pump of the mixing disinfection tank (7) and the concentrated disinfectant tank (6). S7. Adjust the flow control pump (12) and valve (14) to determine the flow velocity of the water in the flow-through water supply pipeline by means of flow meter (13); S8. Based on specific usage requirements, select whether to add disinfectant, whether to turn on ultraviolet lamps, and select specific disinfection methods, including single chemical disinfection, single ultraviolet disinfection, dual ultraviolet disinfection, or a combination of ultraviolet / chemical disinfection processes. Determine the type and dosage of disinfectant, and conduct research on the control of water quality purification and biofilm growth characteristics under different disinfection methods. S9. Start the device to continuously supply water and periodically take water samples from the tap and along the water supply line to analyze changes in water quality. S10. Periodically remove the biofilm sampling device to obtain biofilms grown in situ with different flow rates, disinfection methods, pipe materials, or pipe locations, and then analyze the formation process and growth characteristics of the biofilm.

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