Nylon insulation skin material and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of electrical materials, and discloses a nylon insulation skin material and a preparation method and application thereof. The nylon insulation skin material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 82-90% of nylon; 0.5 to 2% of a surfactant; 1-3% of a bonding accelerator; 0.5 to 1.5 percent of an epoxy organic silicon compound; 3-5% of silicone rubber; 3-5% of a silane modified polymer; 0.3-1% of a heat stabilizer; and 0.3-1% of an antioxidant. According to the invention, the adhesive force between the nylon material and a metal conductor (a copper bar or an aluminum bar) is obviously improved, the nylon material shows better stability and durability under the conditions of mechanical stress and thermal cycle, the problem of stripping of an insulating skin is avoided, and the reliability of the material is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of electrical materials, and particularly relates to a nylon insulating skin material and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the electrical and electronic fields, copper and aluminum busbars are widely used as conductive materials in power distribution and transmission systems. However, copper or aluminum busbars usually require a layer of insulation to provide electrical insulation, prevent short circuits, and improve mechanical strength and aging resistance. Existing insulation materials usually face the following challenges:

[0003] Insufficient adhesion to metal conductors: The adhesion between the insulation and metal conductors (such as copper, aluminum, and steel) is insufficient, and it is easy to peel off under mechanical stress or thermal cycling conditions, affecting the reliability of post-processing and long-term use.

[0004] Poor electrical performance: The electrical insulation performance of existing insulation materials may degrade in high temperature or high humidity environments, leading to insulation failure and safety risks.

[0005] Poor aging resistance: The insulation is prone to aging when exposed to ultraviolet rays, oxidants or high temperature for a long time, resulting in a decrease in material performance and affecting the life of the electrical system.

[0006] Complex processing technology: Some insulation materials require complex surface treatment or additional chemical treatment when combined with copper or aluminum busbars, which increases manufacturing costs and process difficulty.

[0007] In addition, with the continuous development of electronic equipment and power systems, there is an increasing demand for extruded copper busbar materials with high adhesion, excellent electrical properties and good aging resistance. Therefore, it is necessary to provide an innovative material and its preparation method to overcome the defects of traditional materials and improve adhesion, electrical properties and aging resistance to meet the needs of modern high-performance electronic and power applications. Summary of the invention

[0008] In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the primary purpose of the present invention is to provide a nylon insulation material for co-extrusion with a metal busbar. The nylon insulation material can have high adhesion with copper or aluminum conductors and has excellent electrical properties and aging resistance.

[0009] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the long-chain nylon insulation material for co-extrusion with a metal busbar. The preparation process is simple and efficient.

[0010] Another object of the present invention is to provide an application of the long-chain nylon insulation material for co-extrusion with a metal busbar.

[0011] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following solutions:

[0012] A nylon insulating material for co-extrusion with a metal busbar, comprising the following components in percentage by mass:

[0013]

[0014] The nylon is preferably at least one of PA11, PA12, PA612, PA610, PA614, PA1010, PA1012, PA6 / 12, PA6 / 612, and PA66 / 612. It is preferably at least one of HPAN1916, HPAN1916B, and HPAN19632 of Chendong Yipuwan. Nylon, as a base material, provides basic mechanical properties of the material such as toughness and strength, and has excellent electrical insulation properties and chemical stability.

[0015] The surfactant is 3-methoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTMS).

[0016] The adhesion promoter is adipic acid isocyanate (HDI).

[0017] The epoxy organosilicon compound is epoxysilane, preferably KH-560.

[0018] The silicone rubber is hydroxy silicone rubber particles; preferably Shin-Etsu KE-961U;

[0019] The silane-modified polymer is a silane-modified polyether;

[0020] The mass ratio of the silicone rubber to the silane-modified polymer is preferably 1:1.

[0021] The heat stabilizer is at least one of cuprous iodide, potassium iodide and potassium bromide.

[0022] The antioxidant is at least one of tetrakis[β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate]pentaerythritol ester, N,N'-bis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionyl)hexanediamine, tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphite and bis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)diphosphite.

[0023] A method for preparing the above-mentioned nylon insulation material for co-extrusion with a metal bar comprises the following steps:

[0024] The raw materials are pre-mixed and then extruded and granulated by an extruder to obtain the nylon insulation material for co-extrusion with the metal bar.

[0025] The nylon is preferably dried before use, that is, dried at 80-100° C. for 4-6 hours until the water content is less than 0.1 wt %.

[0026] The extrusion process conditions are as follows: the extrusion temperature is 220-260° C., the screw length-diameter ratio is 36:1-48:1, and the rotation speed is 250-450 rpm.

[0027] The above-mentioned nylon insulating skin material for co-extrusion with metal bars is used in extruded metal bar materials, especially in extruded aluminum bar materials and extruded copper bar materials.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0029] In the development of modified nylon insulating skin materials, the present invention successfully solves the problems of insufficient adhesion, poor electrical performance and poor aging resistance of traditional materials when combined with copper or aluminum conductors through a series of specific improvement measures, significantly improves the adhesion of nylon materials to metal conductors (copper or aluminum bars), shows better stability and durability under mechanical stress and thermal cycle conditions, avoids the problem of insulation peeling, and improves the reliability of the material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. If the specific conditions are not specified in the examples, they are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer of the reagents or instruments used is not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0031] The nylon models HPAN1916, HPAN1916B and HPAN19632 in the examples are all purchased from Chendong Yipuwan; the epoxy silicone compound used in the examples is epoxysilane KH-560; the silicone rubber in the examples is Shin-Etsu KE-961U; the silane-modified polymer in the examples is silane-modified polyether, specifically Wacker Chemie AG's XM 20.

[0032] Adhesion test in the embodiment: 0.1 mm thick high-purity aluminum foil or copper foil is pressed with the material in a flat vulcanizer, 1.5 g of plastic particles are used for each piece, the flat vulcanizer is set to a temperature of 270°C, maintained for 15 seconds, and the thickness of the pressed sheet is 0.5 mm, so that the aluminum foil / copper foil and the plastic are evenly fitted, cut into 20±1 mm wide strips, and the effective test length is maintained at 80±2 mm. A universal testing machine is used to measure the peel adhesion between the nylon material and the aluminum foil / copper foil, and the maximum force value of the stretching process is taken in N.

[0033] Electrical insulation strength test in the embodiment: the electrical insulation strength of the material is measured by high voltage breakdown method, the unit is kV / mm. The test method refers to GB / T1408.1-2016.

[0034] Aging resistance test in the embodiment: The tensile strength test method before and after aging resistance refers to GB / T1040, and the shape of the tensile specimen is 1A. The 1A specimen obtained by injection molding is divided into two parts, one part is adjusted in the laboratory environment of 23°C and 50RH for 24 hours, and the initial tensile strength is tested, and the other part is aged for 3000 hours under 125°C thermal oxygen aging conditions, and then adjusted in the laboratory environment of 23°C and 50RH for 24 hours to test the tensile strength after aging (using a forced ventilation heat aging test box that meets the GB / T11026.4-1999 standard, with a ventilation rate of 50±10 times / h), and the tensile strength retention rate of the material is calculated by the formula (initial tensile strength-tensile strength after aging) / initial tensile strength*100%.

[0035] Examples 1-13 and Comparative Examples 1-9

[0036] The raw materials, mass percentages of the raw materials and performance data of the nylon materials prepared in Examples 1-13 are shown in Table 1, and the raw materials, mass percentages of the raw materials and performance data of the nylon materials prepared in Comparative Examples 1-9 are shown in Table 2. The nylon mixtures in Tables 1 and 2 all refer to a mixture of HPAN1916, HPAN1916B and HPAN19632 in a mass ratio of 1:1:1, the surfactant is 3-methoxytrimethoxysilane (MPTMS), the adhesion promoter is adipic acid isocyanate (HDI), the epoxy organic silicon compound is epoxysilane KH560, the silicone rubber is Shin-Etsu KE-961U, and the silane-modified polymer is XM 20, the heat stabilizer is a mixture of cuprous iodide and potassium iodide in a mass ratio of 1:5, and the antioxidant is a mixture of pentaerythritol tetrakis[β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], N,N'-bis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionyl)hexanediamine, tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, and bis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) diphosphite in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1.

[0037] The nylon material in the embodiments and comparative examples was prepared by the following method:

[0038] (1) Raw material pretreatment: Dry the nylon to a moisture content of less than 0.1 wt % at 100° C. for 6 hours.

[0039] (2) Mixing: In a high-speed mixer, the pretreated nylon is mixed with a surfactant (MPTMS), an adhesion promoter (HDI), an epoxy silicone compound, a silicone rubber (Shin-Etsu KE-961U), and a silane-modified polymer ( XM20), heat stabilizer and antioxidant are pre-mixed.

[0040] (3) Premix extrusion: The molten blend is extruded through an extruder to form the desired insulation material form (such as film or sheet). Process conditions: extrusion temperature is 220 / 220 / 220 / 210 / 210 / 210 / 210 / 210 / 200 / 180 / 120 / 260°C, screw aspect ratio is 48:1, and speed is 450rpm.

[0041] (4) Cooling and solidification: The extruded material is water cooled, blown dry, pelletized, sieved, and dried.

[0042] Table 1 Raw materials, mass percentages of raw materials and performance data of nylon insulation materials prepared in Examples 1-13

[0043]

[0044]

[0045] Table 2 Raw materials, mass percentages of raw materials and performance data of nylon insulation materials prepared in Comparative Examples 1-9

[0046]

[0047] It can be seen from the experimental data that the modified nylon insulation material of the present invention has achieved a higher and balanced performance in terms of adhesion, electrical insulation strength and heat aging resistance compared to the unmodified nylon material. These improvements not only solve the problems of insufficient adhesion and poor aging resistance of traditional materials, but also ensure the safety and long-term reliability of the electrical system. (Note: The minimum design requirements are adhesion ≥ 65N, electrical insulation strength ≥ 35kV / mm, and ≥ 80% initial tensile strength after aging resistance)

[0048] In addition, by comparing Example 1 with Comparative Examples 8-9, it can be seen that the simultaneous addition of silicone rubber and silane-modified polymer to the nylon material can improve the adhesion and aging resistance of the nylon material more than the addition of silicone rubber alone or the addition of silane-modified polymer alone, which shows that the simultaneous addition of silicone rubber and silane-modified polymer to the nylon material can produce a synergistic effect.

[0049] The above embodiments are preferred implementation modes of the present invention, but the implementation modes of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not deviate from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be equivalent replacement methods and are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nylon insulation material for co-extrusion with a metal busbar, characterized in that The following components are included in the amount by mass percentage:

2. The nylon insulation material for co-extrusion with a metal busbar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nylon is at least one of PA11, PA12, PA612, PA610, PA614, PA1010, PA1012, PA6 / 12, PA6 / 612, and PA66 / 612.

3. The nylon insulation material for co-extrusion with a metal busbar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nylon is at least one of HPAN1916, HPAN1916B and HPAN19632 produced by Chendong Yipuwan.

4. The nylon insulation material for co-extrusion with a metal busbar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surfactant is 3-methoxypropyltrimethoxysilane; The adhesion promoter is adipic acid isocyanate; The epoxy organosilicon compound is epoxysilane.

5. The nylon insulation material for co-extrusion with a metal busbar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The silane-modified polymer is a silane-modified polyether.

6. The nylon insulation material for co-extrusion with a metal busbar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the silicone rubber to the silane-modified polymer is 1:

1.

7. The nylon insulation material co-extruded with a metal bar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat stabilizer is at least one of cuprous iodide, potassium iodide and potassium bromide; The antioxidant is at least one of tetrakis[β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] pentaerythritol, N,N'-bis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionyl) hexanediamine, tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite and bis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenol) diphosphite.

8. A method for preparing a nylon material for co-extrusion with a metal bar according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The following steps are involved: The raw materials are pre-mixed and then extruded and granulated through an extruder to obtain the nylon material for co-extrusion with the metal bar.

9. The method for preparing a nylon material for co-extrusion with a metal bar according to claim 8, characterized in that: The extrusion temperature is 220-260°C.

10. Use of the nylon material for co-extrusion with a metal bar according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in extruding a metal bar material.

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