Low-E vehicle film adopting nested ring structure and vehicle window of Low-E vehicle film

Abstract

The invention discloses a Low-E vehicle film adopting a nested ring structure and a vehicle window of the Low-E vehicle film, and relates to the technical field of intelligent vehicle films. The problems that an existing Low-E vehicle window is high in electromagnetic shielding effectiveness, penetration of GPS, ETC and mobile phone signals is not facilitated, signals of mobile equipment in the vehicle are weakened, and navigation accuracy and communication quality are affected are solved. Meanwhile, the problems that the cost of replacing a Low-E car window is high, the period is long, and the access threshold of consumer experience is improved are solved. According to the Low-E vehicle film of the nested ring structure, a flexible substrate layer is covered with a Low-E thin film, the Low-E thin film is covered with an optical adhesive layer, the Low-E thin film is formed by arranging a plurality of ring structure units in an array mode, the ring structure units are communicated with one another, so that the electromagnetic transmission performance jumps, namely, strong electromagnetic shielding is converted into electromagnetic transmission, and the low-E vehicle film of the nested ring structure is formed. The anti-reflection film is suitable for the field of intelligent vehicle films.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent vehicle films. Background Art

[0002] In the context of China's vigorous development of new energy vehicles, it is crucial to carry out high-quality development of new energy vehicle accessories. Since new energy vehicles are powered by electricity, their energy utilization efficiency is crucial. The quality of energy management of the entire vehicle will greatly affect the vehicle's cruising range and driving comfort. Conventional car windows have a high heat transfer coefficient, and the low-temperature / high-temperature air generated by the car air conditioner will be directly dissipated through the window, resulting in high power consumption of vehicle cooling / heating. In recent years, by using Low-E glass as car windows, the energy consumption of air conditioners has been effectively reduced by regulating the incident solar spectrum. At the same time, the loading of Low-E glass also has a series of advantages such as increasing the vehicle's cruising range, reducing ultraviolet radiation, and improving driving comfort. However, in my country's automobile stock market, most car windows are not loaded with Low-E coatings. Replacing windows with Low-E functions is costly and time-consuming, which raises the entry threshold for consumer experience and also restricts the development of the automobile industry.

[0003] Low-E car films designed for car windows are a vehicle modification option that can be affixed to car windows to provide effects similar to Low-E glass, while the price is much lower than replacing the window glass. However, conventional Low-E car films have the same problems as Low-E glass. Since the film layer itself has electromagnetic shielding properties, it is not conducive to the penetration of GPS, ETC, and mobile phone signals, resulting in weakened signals of mobile devices in the car, affecting navigation accuracy and communication quality. In recent years, especially, cars have gradually become new types of smart mobile terminals, and the demand for mobile communications of smart devices inside cars has increased sharply, which has gradually exposed this problem to the public. Therefore, the development of Low-E car films with mobile signal transparency enhancement is of great significance to the development of the domestic automotive aftermarket and has important economic value.

[0004] The existing patent document CN117940389A published on April 26, 2024 discloses a vitreous body, which is formed by setting the radio wave transmission area into a ring shape, such as Figure 1 As shown, the outer diameter W2 of the ring is smaller than the length W1 of one side, so that the radio waves with the desired frequency band are well permeable, and a glass body with frequency selectivity that only allows the desired frequency band to pass can be formed. In the embodiment of the patent, good permeability can be achieved at 3-5GHz, but strong electromagnetic shielding is achieved for electromagnetic waves below 3GHz. However, in actual applications, the frequency used in mobile communications is below 3GHz, which makes it difficult for the comparative patent to achieve wide-spectrum electromagnetic signal permeability. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve the problem that the existing Low-E car windows have high electromagnetic shielding efficiency, which is not conducive to the penetration of GPS, ETC, and mobile phone signals, resulting in weakened signals of mobile devices in the car, affecting navigation accuracy and communication quality, and provides a Low-E car film with a nested ring structure.

[0006] At the same time, the present invention also solves the problem of high cost and long cycle for replacing Low-E car windows, thereby raising the entry threshold for consumer experience.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides a Low-E vehicle film with a nested ring structure, the vehicle film comprising a flexible substrate layer, a Low-E film, and an optical adhesive layer;

[0009] The Low-E film is covered on the flexible base layer, and the optical adhesive layer is covered on the Low-E film;

[0010] The Low-E film is formed by an array of multiple ring structure units, and each ring structure unit is interconnected.

[0011] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the ring structure unit is a circular ring, an equilateral triangle, a rectangle or a regular polygon, and the number of sides of the regular polygon is at least 4.

[0012] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, when the ring structure unit is a circular ring, the ratio of the outer diameter of the circular ring to the width of the adjacent gaps in the array is ≥1, so that the ring structure units are interconnected.

[0013] When the ring structure unit is an equilateral triangle, the ratio of the side length of the triangle to the width of adjacent gaps in the array is ≥1, so that each ring structure unit is interconnected.

[0014] When the ring structure unit is a rectangle, the ratio of the length or width of the rectangle to the width of adjacent gaps in the array is ≥1, so that the ring structure units are interconnected.

[0015] The ring structure unit is a regular polygon, and when the number of sides of the regular polygon is an even number, the ratio of the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the ring structure unit to the width of adjacent gaps in the array is ≥1, and the ring structure units are interconnected.

[0016] The above ring structure unit is a regular polygon, and when the number of sides of the regular polygon is an odd number, the width ratio of the line connecting any vertex in the regular polygon to the symmetrical position farthest from it to the adjacent gap in the array is ≥1, so that each ring structure unit is interconnected.

[0017] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the outer diameter c of the above-mentioned ring is in the range of 0.1-150 mm, and the width a of adjacent gaps in the array is in the range of 0.1-50 mm.

[0018] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the line width w of the circular ring is in the range of 1 μm-3 mm.

[0019] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the sheet resistance of the Low-E film is in the range of 0.001Ω / sq-30Ω / sq, and the thickness of the Low-E film is in the range of 5nm-3μm.

[0020] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the material of the above-mentioned Low-E film is any one of ITO, Ag, In2O3, CdO, SnO2, ZnO, TiO2 and Si3N4, or a combination of several thereof.

[0021] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the flexible substrate layer is made of PVA, PET, PVC, PDMS, PI, PEN, PU or TPC optically transparent flexible material.

[0022] The present invention also provides a design method of a Low-E vehicle film using a nested ring structure, the design method specifically comprising the following steps:

[0023] Step 1: Establish an electromagnetic simulation model of the vehicle film in the electromagnetic simulation software;

[0024] Step 2: determine the ring structure parameters and the surface resistance of the film according to the processing accuracy, and input the numerical range of the ring structure parameters, the surface resistance of the film and the width a of the adjacent gaps into the electromagnetic simulation software;

[0025] Step 3, divide the numerical range of the width a of adjacent gaps into several equal parts, generate an a parameter sequence, import it into the electromagnetic simulation software and run it, and obtain the electromagnetic wave transmittance of the structure corresponding to the a parameter sequence;

[0026] Step 4: derive the electromagnetic wave transmittance of the structure corresponding to the a parameter sequence, and determine the structure that meets the 5G band transmittance;

[0027] Step 5: Select the structure with the lowest emissivity from the structures that meet the 5G band transmittance requirements in step 4 to obtain a Low-E car film with a nested ring structure.

[0028] The present invention also provides a vehicle window implemented based on the above-mentioned Low-E vehicle film using a nested ring structure, wherein the vehicle window is fully etched with the Low-E vehicle film having a nested ring structure.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0030] 1. The present invention provides a Low-E car film with a nested ring structure, wherein a Low-E film is covered on a flexible substrate layer, and an optical adhesive layer is covered on the Low-E film, wherein the Low-E film is integrated through a plurality of ring structure units, and the plurality of ring structure units are arranged in an array form, and the ring structure units are interconnected, so that the electromagnetic transmission performance changes suddenly, that is, from strong electromagnetic shielding to electromagnetic transmission, thereby increasing the anti-transmission effect on electromagnetic waves, and solving the problem that the existing Low-E car window has high electromagnetic shielding efficiency, which is not conducive to the penetration of GPS, ETC, and mobile phone signals, resulting in weakened signals of mobile devices in the car, affecting navigation accuracy and communication quality.

[0031] Furthermore, in the Low-E vehicle film with a nested ring structure proposed in the present invention, the ring structure unit can be a circular ring, an equilateral triangle, a rectangle or a regular polygon, and the number of sides of the regular polygon is at least 4.

[0032] Furthermore, the present invention is an invention that overcomes the prejudices of the prior art:

[0033] The present invention breaks the conventional idea of ​​the prior art that the radio wave transmission area is usually set as a circular ring, and the outer diameter W2 of the ring is smaller than the length W1 of one side, that is, the outer diameter of the ring needs to be smaller than the width of the adjacent gap to achieve the electromagnetic transmission effect. The design idea of ​​the electromagnetic transmission area of ​​the present invention is different from the prior art. A new Low-E car film is proposed, in which the outer diameter of the ring is set to be greater than or equal to the width of the adjacent gap, so that each ring structure unit is interconnected, the electromagnetic transmission performance undergoes a jump, and the electromagnetic transmission effect is better. Therefore, the prejudice of the prior art is overcome.

[0034] Furthermore, compared with the existing patent document: CN117940389A, the existing patent achieves a transmittance of -3.1dB at 3GHz (equivalent to a transmittance energy of 48.9%), while the present invention achieves a transmittance of -0.78dB at 3GHz (equivalent to a transmittance energy of 83.5%), which greatly improves the performance. At the same time, the vehicle film structure proposed in the present invention achieves a wide spectrum of transmittance performance, especially at low frequencies, it can also meet the electromagnetic transmittance performance.

[0035] Furthermore, compared with the existing patent document: CN117940389A, the existing patent can achieve good penetration at 3-5GHz, but achieves strong electromagnetic shielding for electromagnetic waves below 3GHz. However, in practical applications, the frequency used in mobile communications is below 3GHz, which makes it difficult for the existing patent to achieve wide-spectrum electromagnetic signal penetration. The Low-E car film of the present invention, which is realized by adopting a nested ring structure, can also achieve strong electromagnetic penetration performance at low frequencies below 3GHz, effectively improving practicality.

[0036] Furthermore, compared with the prior art, the present invention breaks the existing technical bottleneck that the better the performance of ultraviolet and infrared protection, the higher the electromagnetic shielding. The present invention proposes a new design concept of Low-E vehicle film with a nested ring structure, so that the performance of ultraviolet and infrared protection is better and the electromagnetic shielding is lower, which is beneficial to the penetration of GPS, ETC, and mobile phone signals, and improves navigation accuracy and communication quality.

[0037] 2. The present invention etches a Low-E car film with a nested ring structure on the entire area of ​​the car window glass to achieve a car window with a mobile communication signal transmittance enhancement function. For car window glasses of different thicknesses, different structural parameters need to be designed to achieve optimization.

[0038] The present invention is applicable to the field of smart car films. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a structure in which the radio wave transmission area mentioned in the background technology is a circular ring;

[0040] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the Low-E vehicle film of the nested ring structure described in the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the car film with different ratios of the outer diameter c of the ring to the width a of the adjacent gaps of the present invention, wherein Figure (a) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the car film with c / a=0.5, Figure (b) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the car film with c / a=1, and Figure (c) is Schematic diagram of the vehicle film structure, Figure (d) is a schematic diagram of the vehicle film structure when c / a=2;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a graph showing the variation of the transmittance of the circular ring structure car film with adjacent gap width a=3mm at 4GHz as a function of the c / a parameter;

[0043] Figure 5 It is the surface current distribution diagram of the circular ring structure with c / a=0.5 described in the present invention;

[0044] Figure 6 This is the surface current distribution diagram of the circular ring structure with c / a=1.03 described in the present invention;

[0045] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the Low-E vehicle film of the nested triangle structure described in the present invention;

[0046] Figure 8Schematic diagrams of vehicle film structures with different ratios of the triangle side length c to the width a of the adjacent gaps according to the present invention, wherein Figure (a) is a schematic diagram of a vehicle film structure with c / a=0.5, Figure (b) is a schematic diagram of a vehicle film structure with c / a=1, and Figure (c) is a schematic diagram of a vehicle film structure with c / a=2;

[0047] Fig. 9 This is a graph showing the variation of the transmittance of the triangular structure car film with adjacent gap width a=3mm at 4GHz as a function of the c / a parameter;

[0048] Fig.10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the Low-E vehicle film of the nested square ring structure described in the present invention;

[0049] Fig.11 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the car film with different ratios of the side length c of the square ring to the width a of the adjacent gaps of the present invention, wherein Figure (a) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the car film with c / a=0.5, and Figure (b) is Schematic diagram of the car film structure, Figure (c) is Schematic diagram of the vehicle film structure, Figure (d) is a schematic diagram of the vehicle film structure when c / a=2;

[0050] Fig.12 This is a graph showing the variation of the transmittance of the square ring structure car film with adjacent gap width a=3mm at 4GHz as a function of the c / a parameter;

[0051] Fig.13 It is a structural schematic diagram of the Low-E car film with the nested square ring structure rotated 60 degrees according to the present invention;

[0052] Fig.14 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a car film structure with different ratios of the side length c of the square ring structure rotated 60° to the width a of the adjacent gaps, wherein Figure (a) is a schematic diagram of the car film structure with c / a=0.5, and Figure (b) is Schematic diagram of the car film structure, Figure (c) is Schematic diagram of the vehicle film structure, Figure (d) is a schematic diagram of the vehicle film structure when c / a=2;

[0053] Fig.15 This is a graph showing the variation of the transmittance of the rotating square ring structure car film with adjacent gap width a=3mm at 4GHz as a function of the c / a parameter;

[0054] Fig.16 It is a schematic structural diagram of the Low-E vehicle film with a nested pentagonal structure according to the present invention;

[0055] Fig.17Schematic diagrams of vehicle film structures with different ratios of the pentagon side length c to the width a of the adjacent gaps according to the present invention, wherein Figure (a) is a schematic diagram of a vehicle film structure with c / a=0.25, Figure (b) is a schematic diagram of a vehicle film structure with c / a=0.5, and Figure (c) is a schematic diagram of a vehicle film structure with c / a=1;

[0056] Fig.18 This is a graph showing the variation of the transmittance of the pentagonal structure car film with adjacent gap width a=3mm at 4GHz as a function of the c / a parameter;

[0057] Fig.19 It is a schematic diagram of a vehicle window structure realized by the Low-E vehicle film based on a nested ring structure according to the present invention;

[0058] Fig. 20 It is a transmittance diagram of the Low-E vehicle film with a nested ring structure described in the present invention at different frequencies.

[0059] Among them, 1 represents a flexible substrate, 2 represents a Low-E film, and 3 represents a Low-E car film with a nested ring structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] The specific implementation mode of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, several changes and improvements can also be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0061] Embodiment 1: This embodiment provides a Low-E car film with a nested ring structure, which is used to solve the problem that the electromagnetic shielding efficiency of the car windows achieved by the existing Low-E car film is high, which is not conducive to the penetration of GPS, ETC, and mobile phone signals, resulting in weakened signals of mobile devices in the car, affecting navigation accuracy and communication quality.

[0062] The vehicle film comprises a flexible base layer, a Low-E film, and an optical adhesive layer;

[0063] The Low-E film is covered on the flexible base layer, and the optical adhesive layer is covered on the Low-E film;

[0064] The Low-E film is formed by an array of multiple ring structure units, and each ring structure unit is interconnected.

[0065] In actual application of this embodiment, the vehicle film includes a flexible base layer 1, a Low-E film 2, and an optical adhesive layer; the Low-E film 2 is covered on the flexible base layer 1, and the optical adhesive layer is covered on the Low-E film; wherein, the Low-E film is integrated through a plurality of ring structure units, and the plurality of ring structure units are arranged in an array form, and the ring structure units are interconnected, so that the electromagnetic transmittance performance changes suddenly, that is, from strong electromagnetic shielding to electromagnetic transmittance, thereby realizing the electromagnetic transmittance of the Low-E vehicle film, which is beneficial to the penetration of GPS, ETC, and mobile phone signals, and improving navigation accuracy and communication quality.

[0066] Furthermore, the ultraviolet cutoff limit of the Low-E film is around 300nm, and it exhibits high transparency in the visible light band, thereby effectively reflecting infrared rays and protecting against ultraviolet rays.

[0067] Preferably, the surface resistance range of the Low-E film is 0.001Ω / sq-30Ω / sq, and the thickness range of the Low-E film is 5nm-3μm. When the conductive film is in this range, the loss performance is weak and it is easier to achieve broadband electromagnetic transmittance performance.

[0068] Furthermore, the ring structure unit may be a circular ring, an equilateral triangle, a rectangle or a regular polygon, and the number of sides of the regular polygon is at least 4.

[0069] Preferably, when the ring structure unit is a circular ring, the ratio of the outer diameter of the circular ring to the width of adjacent gaps in the array is ≥1, that is, the ratio of the outer diameter of the circular ring to the distance between the centers of adjacent gaps in the array is ≥1, so that each ring structure unit is interconnected, thereby increasing the electromagnetic transmittance effect.

[0070] Preferably, when the ring structure unit is an equilateral triangle, the ratio of the side length of the triangle to the width of adjacent gaps in the array is ≥1, that is, the ratio of the side length of the triangle to the distance between the centers of adjacent gaps in the array is ≥1, so that each ring structure unit is interconnected, thereby increasing the electromagnetic transmittance effect.

[0071] Preferably, when the ring structure unit is a rectangle, the ratio of the length or width of the rectangle to the width of adjacent gaps in the array is ≥1, that is, when the matrix is ​​placed horizontally, the ratio of the length of the rectangle to the distance between the centers of adjacent gaps in the array is ≥1, so that the various ring structure units are interconnected; when the rectangle is placed vertically, the ratio of the width of the rectangle to the distance between the centers of adjacent gaps in the array is ≥1, so that the various ring structure units are interconnected, thereby increasing the electromagnetic transmittance effect.

[0072] Preferably, when the ring structure unit is a regular polygon and the number of sides of the regular polygon is an even number, the ratio of the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the ring structure unit to the width of adjacent gaps in the array is ≥1, and the various ring structure units are interconnected; that is: the ratio of the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the ring structure unit to the distance between the centers of adjacent gaps in the array is ≥1, and at the same time, the various ring structure units need to be interconnected, thereby increasing the electromagnetic transmittance effect.

[0073] Preferably, when the number of sides of the regular polygon is an odd number, the width ratio of the line connecting any vertex in the regular polygon to the farthest symmetrical position and the adjacent gaps in the array is ≥1, that is, the distance ratio of the line connecting any vertex in the regular polygon to the farthest symmetrical position and the centers of adjacent gaps in the array is ≥1, so that each ring structure unit is interconnected, thereby increasing the electromagnetic transmittance effect.

[0074] The nested ring structure Low-E car film proposed in this embodiment is achieved by covering the Low-E film on the flexible base layer and the optical adhesive layer on the Low-E film; wherein the Low-E film is integrated by a plurality of ring structure units, the plurality of ring structure units are arranged in an array form, and the ring structure units are interconnected, so that the electromagnetic transmission performance changes suddenly, that is, from strong electromagnetic shielding to electromagnetic transmission, thereby increasing the anti-transmission effect on electromagnetic waves, and solving the problem that the existing Low-E car windows have high electromagnetic shielding efficiency, which is not conducive to the penetration of GPS, ETC, and mobile phone signals, resulting in weakened signals of mobile devices in the car, affecting navigation accuracy and communication quality.

[0075] Implementation Method 2: See Figure 2 This embodiment is described. This embodiment is an example of a Low-E vehicle film with a nested ring structure described in the first embodiment when the ring structure unit is a circular ring;

[0076] Specifically, when the ring structure unit is a circular ring, a plurality of circular rings are arranged in an array on the flexible substrate to form a Figure 2 The nested circular ring structure of the Low-E car film shown in the figure, in which the ratio of the outer diameter c of the ring to the width a of the adjacent gap in the array is ≥1, so that strong electromagnetic shielding is transformed into electromagnetic transmittance. This phenomenon is because when the outer diameter c of the ring is greater than or equal to the width a of the adjacent gap, the grooves of the structure are interconnected, resulting in an anti-transmission effect on electromagnetic waves.

[0077] Preferably, when the outer diameter c of the ring is too small, the filling rate of the film will be too low, and the energy saving effect cannot be guaranteed. Therefore, the outer diameter c of the ring is in the range of 0.1-150 mm. The width a of adjacent gaps in the array is 0.1-50 mm.

[0078] Preferably, the line width w of the ring is in the range of 1 μm-3 mm. When the processing accuracy is close to 1 micron, the effect of the film gap on vision is almost negligible. However, when the structure line width is lower than 1 μm, it will match the wavelength of visible light and cause glare. Considering the actual processing accuracy and visual requirements, the line width can be relaxed to 3 mm, but should not be enlarged further.

[0079] Implementation method three, see Figures 3 to 6 This embodiment is described. This embodiment is to verify the simulation effect of the Low-E car film with nested circular ring structure described in the second embodiment.

[0080] The transmission performance of different ring structures is studied by full-wave simulation. Figure 3 The simulation results are shown in Figure 4 As shown, from Figure 4 It can be seen that as c / a increases from 0.5 to 3, the transmittance of the structure changes from -30dB to 0dB. It is worth noting that when the structure changes from c / a=0.9 to c / a=1, the electromagnetic transmission performance jumps from -12dB at c / a=0.9 to -0.78dB at c / a=1. That is, it changes from strong electromagnetic shielding to electromagnetic transmission. This jump phenomenon is due to the fact that when the outer diameter c of the ring is greater than or equal to the width a of the adjacent gaps, the grooves of the structure are interconnected, resulting in an enhanced transmittance effect on electromagnetic waves. When the c / a value of the structure increases further, the transmittance of the structure stabilizes within -1dB. That is to say, when c / a is greater than or equal to 1, the structure still maintains the electromagnetic transmission characteristics. At the same time, due to the narrow gaps in the structure, the overall filling rate of the film is guaranteed, so the structure exhibits low-E characteristics, which can effectively achieve energy saving.

[0081] Furthermore, this embodiment also illustrates the working principle of the Low-E car film with nested ring structure by analyzing the surface current distribution of structures with different c / a parameters when 4 GHz electromagnetic wave is incident. Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, from Figure 5 It can be seen from the figure that when c / a = 0.5, a strong resonant current appears around the ring when the plane wave is incident. The directional flow of the strong current causes the electromagnetic wave to be radiated twice. That is, the electromagnetic wave is reflected and cannot penetrate the structure. Figure 6 It can be seen that when c / a=1.03, it is slightly larger than c / a=1, and the surface current of the structure is very weak. This shows that the structure responds very weakly under the plane wave incident condition, so that the structure achieves electromagnetic transmission performance. And this performance of reducing surface current to achieve electromagnetic transmission is achieved by connecting the unit structures.

[0082] Implementation method 4: See Figure 7This embodiment is described. This embodiment is an example of a Low-E vehicle film with a nested ring structure described in the first embodiment when the ring structure unit is an equilateral triangle;

[0083] Specifically, when the ring structure unit is an equilateral triangle, a plurality of triangles are arranged in an array on the flexible base layer to form a Figure 7 The nested triangular structure of the Low-E car film shown is a ratio of the side length c of the triangle to the width a of the adjacent gaps in the array of ≥1, which transforms strong electromagnetic shielding into electromagnetic transmittance. This phenomenon is due to the fact that when the side length c of the triangle is greater than or equal to the width a of the adjacent gaps, the grooves of the structure are interconnected, resulting in an anti-transmission effect on electromagnetic waves.

[0084] Implementation method 5: See Figures 8 to 9 This embodiment is described as follows: This embodiment is a simulation effect verification description of the Low-E vehicle film with a nested triangular structure described in the fourth embodiment;

[0085] The transmission performance of different circular structures is studied by full-wave simulation. Figure 8 The simulation results are shown in Fig. 9 As shown, from Fig. 9 It can be seen that as c / a increases from 0.5 to 3, the transmittance of the structure changes from -30dB to 0dB. It is worth noting that when the structure changes from c / a=0.9 to c / a=1, the electromagnetic transmission performance jumps from -13dB at c / a=0.9 to -0.5dB at c / a=1. That is, it changes from strong electromagnetic shielding to electromagnetic transmission. This jump phenomenon is due to the fact that when the side length c of the triangle is greater than or equal to the width a of the adjacent gaps, the grooves of the structure are interconnected, resulting in an enhanced transmittance effect on electromagnetic waves. When the c / a value of the structure increases further, the transmittance of the structure stabilizes within -1dB. That is to say, when c / a is greater than or equal to 1, the structure still maintains the electromagnetic transmission characteristics. At the same time, due to the narrow gaps in the structure, the overall filling rate of the film is guaranteed, so the structure exhibits low-E characteristics, which can effectively achieve energy saving.

[0086] Implementation Method 6: See Fig.10 This embodiment is described. This embodiment is an example of a Low-E vehicle film with a nested ring structure described in the first embodiment when the ring structure unit is a regular polygon and the number of sides of the regular polygon is an even number;

[0087] Specifically, when the ring structure unit is a square ring, a plurality of square rings are arranged in an array on the flexible base layer to form a Fig.10The nested circular ring structure of the Low-E car film shown in the figure, in which the ratio of the circumscribed circle diameter c of the square ring to the width a of the adjacent gap in the array is ≥1, so that strong electromagnetic shielding is transformed into electromagnetic transmittance. This phenomenon is because when the outer diameter c of the circular ring is greater than or equal to the width a of the adjacent gap, the grooves of the structure are interconnected, resulting in an anti-transmission effect on electromagnetic waves.

[0088] Implementation method 7: See Figures 11 to 15 This embodiment is described. This embodiment is to verify the simulation effect of the Low-E car film with nested square ring structure described in the sixth embodiment.

[0089] The transmission performance of different square ring structures is studied by full-wave simulation. For the convenience of simulation and description, c in this embodiment is the side length of the square ring. The circumscribed circle diameter of the square ring can be obtained according to the side length of the square ring. Fig.11 The simulation results are shown in Fig.12 As shown, from Fig.12 It can be seen that as c / a increases from 0.5 to 3, the transmittance of the structure changes from -30dB to 0dB. When (the ratio of the circumscribed circle diameter of the square ring to the width of the adjacent gap in the array is ≥1), the square ring structures are interconnected, thereby achieving an electromagnetic transmittance close to 0.

[0090] Furthermore, in order to verify that the rotation direction does not affect the electromagnetic transmittance of the square structure, the square structure is rotated 60° to form Fig.13 The nested circular ring structure of the Low-E car film shown in the figure also uses full-wave simulation to study the transmission performance of different square ring structures. Fig.14 The simulation results are shown in Fig.15 As shown, from Fig.15 It can be seen that the structure also has a similar effect. (The ratio of the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the square ring to the width of the adjacent gap in the array ), the square ring structures are interconnected, thus achieving an electromagnetic transmittance close to 0.

[0091] Implementation Method 8: See Fig.16 This embodiment is described. This embodiment is an example of a Low-E vehicle film with a nested ring structure described in the first embodiment when the ring structure unit is a regular polygon and the number of sides of the regular polygon is an odd number;

[0092] Specifically, when the ring structure unit is a pentagon, a plurality of pentagons are arranged in an array on the flexible substrate layer to form a Fig.16The nested circular ring structure of the Low-E car film shown in the figure, in which the width ratio of the line connecting any vertex in the pentagon to the farthest symmetrical position from it to the adjacent gap in the array is ≥1, so that strong electromagnetic shielding is transformed into electromagnetic transmittance. This phenomenon is due to the fact that the grooves of the structure are interconnected, resulting in an enhanced transmittance effect for electromagnetic waves.

[0093] Implementation method 9: See Figure 17 to Figure 18 This embodiment is described. This embodiment is to verify the simulation effect of the Low-E vehicle film with a nested pentagonal structure described in the eighth embodiment.

[0094] The transmission performance of different square ring structures is studied by full-wave simulation. For the convenience of simulation and description, c in this embodiment is the side length of the pentagon. The length of the line from any vertex in the pentagon to the farthest symmetrical position can be obtained according to the side length of the pentagon. Different pentagon structures such as Fig.17 The simulation results are shown in Fig.18 As shown, from Fig.18 It can be seen that as c / a increases from 0.5 to 3, the transmittance of the structure changes from -30dB to 0dB. Especially when c / a ≥ 0.5 (the ratio of the length of the line from any vertex in the pentagon to the farthest symmetrical position to the width of the adjacent gap ≥ 0.81 / 0.5), the pentagonal structures are interconnected, thus achieving an electromagnetic transmittance close to 0.

[0095] Embodiment 10: This embodiment is an example of the material of the Low-E film in the Low-E car film with a nested ring structure described in Embodiment 1;

[0096] The material of the Low-E film is any one of ITO, Ag, In2O3, CdO, SnO2, ZnO, TiO2 and Si3N4, or a combination of several thereof.

[0097] In practical application, the Low-E film of the embodiment can be realized by using any one or a combination of ITO, Ag, In2O3, CdO, SnO2, ZnO, TiO2 and Si3N4, so that the UV cutoff limit of the Low-E film with nested ring structure is around 300nm, and it has high transparency in the visible light band, so as to effectively reflect infrared rays and protect against ultraviolet rays.

[0098] Embodiment 11: This embodiment is an example of the materials of the flexible base layer and the optical adhesive layer in the Low-E vehicle film with a nested ring structure described in Embodiment 1;

[0099] The flexible substrate layer is made of PVA, PET, PVC, PDMS, PI, PEN, PU or TPC optically transparent flexible material, and the optical adhesive layer is made of any one of organic silicone rubber, acrylic resin, unsaturated polyester, polyurethane or epoxy resin.

[0100] Embodiment 12: This embodiment provides a design method for a Low-E vehicle film using a nested ring structure, the design method comprising the following steps:

[0101] Step 1: Establish an electromagnetic simulation model of the vehicle film in the electromagnetic simulation software;

[0102] Step 2: determine the ring structure parameters and the surface resistance of the film according to the processing accuracy, and input the numerical range of the ring structure parameters, the surface resistance of the film and the width a of the adjacent gaps into the electromagnetic simulation software;

[0103] Step 3, divide the numerical range of the width a of adjacent gaps into several equal parts, generate an a parameter sequence, import it into the electromagnetic simulation software and run it, and obtain the electromagnetic wave transmittance of the structure corresponding to the a parameter sequence;

[0104] Step 4: derive the electromagnetic wave transmittance of the structure corresponding to the a parameter sequence, and determine the structure that meets the 5G band transmittance;

[0105] Step 5: Select the structure with the lowest emissivity from the structures that meet the 5G band transmittance requirements in step 4 to obtain a Low-E car film with a nested ring structure.

[0106] Implementation Method Thirteen, see Fig.19 This embodiment is described. This embodiment provides a vehicle window implemented with a Low-E vehicle film using a nested ring structure based on the above embodiment. The vehicle window is etched with a Low-E vehicle film 3 with a nested ring structure over the entire area.

[0107] In practical application, if Fig.13 As shown, by etching the Low-E car film 3 with a nested ring structure directly on the entire area of ​​the car window glass, it is possible to solve the problem of high cost and long cycle of replacing Low-E car windows, and to improve the entry threshold of consumer experience.

[0108] When applied, the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of Low-E glass only considers the thickness of the glass and the resistance of the film layer. The medium placed in front and behind the glass has little effect on the overall electromagnetic shielding effectiveness. However, the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness design of Low-E car film and Low-E glass is completely different.

[0109] Implementation Method 14: Participation Fig. 20This embodiment is described. This embodiment compares the effect of the Low-E car film with the nested ring structure proposed in the above embodiment with the effect of the existing patent document CN117940389A.

[0110] Specifically, the existing patent achieves a transmittance of -3.1dB at 3GHz (equivalent to a transmittance energy of 48.9%), while the Low-E car film described in this embodiment achieves a transmittance of -0.78dB at 3GHz (equivalent to a transmittance energy of 83.5%). Fig. 20 As shown, the performance is greatly improved. At the same time, the structure proposed in this embodiment realizes a wide spectrum of transmittance performance, especially at low frequencies, it can also meet the electromagnetic transmittance performance.

[0111] The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may be subject to various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A Low-E car film with a nested ring structure, characterized in that: The vehicle film comprises a flexible base layer, a Low-E film, and an optical adhesive layer; The Low-E film is covered on the flexible base layer, and the optical adhesive layer is covered on the Low-E film; The Low-E film is formed by an array of multiple ring structure units, and each ring structure unit is interconnected.

2. The Low-E vehicle film with a nested ring structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ring structure unit is a circular ring, an equilateral triangle, a rectangle or a regular polygon, and the number of sides of the regular polygon is at least 4.

3. The Low-E vehicle film with a nested ring structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the ring structure unit is a circular ring, the ratio of the outer diameter of the circular ring to the width of the adjacent gap in the array is ≥1, so that each ring structure unit is interconnected; When the ring structure unit is an equilateral triangle, the ratio of the side length of the triangle to the width of the adjacent gap in the array is ≥1, so that each ring structure unit is interconnected; When the ring structure unit is a rectangle, the ratio of the length or width of the rectangle to the width of the adjacent gap in the array is ≥1, so that each ring structure unit is interconnected; When the ring structure unit is a regular polygon and the number of sides of the regular polygon is an even number, the ratio of the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the ring structure unit to the width of the adjacent gap in the array is ≥1, and the ring structure units are interconnected; When the ring structure unit is a regular polygon and the number of sides of the regular polygon is an odd number, the width ratio of the line connecting any vertex in the regular polygon to the symmetrical position farthest from it to the adjacent gap in the array is ≥1, so that each ring structure unit is interconnected.

4. The Low-E vehicle film with a nested ring structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer diameter c of the ring is 0.1-150 mm, and the width a of adjacent gaps in the array is 0.1-50 mm.

5. The Low-E vehicle film with a nested ring structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The line width w of the ring is 1μm-3mm.

6. The Low-E vehicle film with a nested ring structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sheet resistance of Low-E film ranges from 0.001Ω / sq to 30Ω / sq, and the thickness of Low-E film ranges from 5nm to 3μm.

7. The Low-E vehicle film with a nested ring structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the Low-E film is any one of ITO, Ag, In2O3, CdO, SnO2, ZnO, TiO2 and Si3N4, or a combination of several of them.

8. The Low-E vehicle film with a nested ring structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible substrate layer is realized by using PVA, PET, PVC, PDMS, PI, PEN, PU or TPC optically transparent flexible material.

9. A design method for a Low-E vehicle film using a nested ring structure, characterized in that: The method is:

1. Establish an electromagnetic simulation model of the car film in the electromagnetic simulation software; 2. Determine the ring structure parameters and the surface resistance of the film according to the processing accuracy, and input the numerical range of the ring structure parameters, the surface resistance of the film and the width a of the adjacent gaps into the electromagnetic simulation software; 3. Divide the numerical range of the width a of adjacent gaps into several equal parts, generate an a parameter sequence, import it into the electromagnetic simulation software and run it, and obtain the electromagnetic wave transmittance of the structure corresponding to the a parameter sequence; 4. Derive the electromagnetic wave transmittance of the structure corresponding to the a parameter sequence to determine the structure that meets the 5G band transmittance requirements; 5. Select the structure with the lowest emissivity from the structures that meet the 5G band transmittance requirements in step 4 to obtain a Low-E car film with a nested ring structure.

10. A vehicle window implemented with a Low-E vehicle film having a nested ring structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The vehicle window is fully etched with a Low-E vehicle film having a nested ring structure.

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