Tunnel supporting system for tunnel underlying goaf or pressed mineral products

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering, and particularly discloses a tunnel supporting system for an underlying goaf of a tunnel or pressing and covering mineral products. The tunnel supporting system comprises a primary supporting structure, a secondary supporting structure and a steel corrugated plate layer which are of a sleeve layer structure, the primary supporting structure is an outer layer, the secondary supporting structure is a middle layer, the steel corrugated plate layer is an inner layer, the primary supporting structure is fixedly connected with the secondary supporting structure, and the steel corrugated plate layer is fixedly connected with the secondary supporting structure through anchoring parts. And the primary supporting structure and the secondary supporting structure are used for supporting treatment. A steel corrugated plate and reinforced concrete steel-concrete structure supporting system is adopted, the underlying goaf of the tunnel is not treated, tunnel construction can be started when a project is started, and the engineering construction period is greatly shortened; the steel corrugated plate layer enables stress to be dispersed to the whole structure, and the lining surface cannot obviously leak.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular relates to a tunnel support system for a goaf area or covered minerals under a tunnel. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of national transportation construction, tunnels in linear projects such as railways and highways will inevitably pass through coal mine goafs or cover mineral resources. Passing through goafs will have a great impact on project construction and later operations. The displacement and deformation of the overlying rock mass in the goafs directly affect the overall stability of the tunnel structure. When the goafs settle too much, it will cause cracks in the tunnel lining, blocks to fall off, and the road surface to sink, seriously endangering driving safety. Therefore, the treatment of goafs has become one of the main issues that tunnel engineers have paid attention to in recent years. In addition, tunnels cover mineral resources. After the production of resources, protective pillars must be left, which to a certain extent causes a waste of state-owned mineral resources. At present, China has achieved many scientific research results in the management of goaf areas in tunnel sites, and has accumulated certain engineering experience. The treatment plans mainly include filling method, grouting method, backfill method, spanning method, collapse method, etc. Among them, grouting method is the most commonly used. Through the grouting cementation effect, a rock plate structure is formed, which can effectively resist the upward development of the movement and deformation of the goaf, and the construction disturbance is relatively small, but the treatment cost is high, the construction difficulty is large, the treatment scope is conservative, and the comprehensive cost-effectiveness is low.

[0003] However, the existing construction of goaf areas under the tunnel body has a conservative scope of goaf treatment, a large treatment area, and generally high treatment costs. Secondly, tunnel excavation can only be carried out after the goaf treatment slurry has solidified and passed monitoring and inspection acceptance. The construction period is long, which seriously restricts the progress of linear project construction and needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a tunnel support system for tunnels with underlying goafs or overburdened minerals. The tunnel support system of the present invention adopts a "steel corrugated plate + reinforced concrete" steel-concrete structure support system, which does not require treatment of the goafs, and tunnel construction can be started as soon as the project starts, greatly shortening the construction period; the steel corrugated plate layer disperses the force to the entire structure, and the lining surface will not leak significantly.

[0005] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A tunnel support system for tunnels with underlying goafs or overburdened minerals, including a primary support structure, a secondary support structure, and a steel corrugated plate layer in a jacketed structure, wherein the primary support structure is an outer layer, the secondary support structure is an intermediate layer, and the steel corrugated plate layer is an inner layer. The primary support structure and the secondary support structure are limitedly connected, and the steel corrugated plate layer and the secondary support structure are fixedly connected by anchors, and the primary support structure and the secondary support structure perform support processing.

[0007] The preliminary support structure includes a first concrete layer and a first anchor rod, and the first concrete layer is anchored with a first anchor rod; the shape of the first concrete layer is the same as the shape of the tunnel, including a bottom layer, a left side wall, a right side wall, and an arc-shaped top layer; the outer surfaces of the left side wall, the right side wall, and the arc-shaped top layer included in the preliminary support structure are all provided with a plurality of first anchor rods, and the preliminary support structure is anchored and connected to the tunnel body through the first anchor rods. The plurality of first anchor rods are arranged in a plurality of rows and arranged at a certain interval, and each row includes at least 4 first anchor rods, and the shape of the first anchor rod is an inverted "T" shape, and is composed of a lower cross rod and a vertical rod; the lower cross rods of the four first anchor rods 17 in each row are connected as one, and the vertical rod is inserted into the tunnel wall.

[0008] The secondary support structure includes a second concrete layer and a limiting support component, the second concrete layer includes a left side wall, a right side wall, and an arc-shaped top layer; the second concrete layer and the limiting support component are integrated, and the limiting support component is integrated into the left side wall, the right side wall, and the arc-shaped top layer of the second concrete layer. At the same time, the limiting support component serves as a reinforcement structure of the left side wall, the right side wall, and the arc-shaped top layer in the form of reinforcement ribs.

[0009] The limiting support component includes a protection mechanism, a first lining plate, a waterstop, a second lining plate and a protective bottom layer. The shape of the limiting support component is the same as that of the preliminary support structure, and its left and right walls are both composed of a waterstop and a second lining plate; the protective bottom layer forms the bottom surface of the limiting support component, and its left and right sides are fixedly connected with second lining plates, and the second lining plates on the left and right sides respectively form the left and right side walls of the limiting support component, and the outer surface of the second lining plate is fixedly connected with a waterstop, and cylindrical convex ridges are arranged at intervals on the surface of the waterstop plate on one side of the preliminary support structure. The second lining plate is formed by fixing a plurality of rectangular small lining plates, and the inner surface of each small lining plate is provided with strip convex ridges. The convex ridges on the surface of the waterstop and the convex ridges on the surface of the small lining plate are used to improve the adhesion with the cement of the second concrete layer; the protection mechanism is an arc-shaped top layer, and its left and right bottom ends are respectively fixedly connected to the upper ends of the second lining plates on the left and right sides; along the axial direction of the protection mechanism, the first lining plate is fixed on the protection mechanism, and the first lining plate is arc-shaped.

[0010] The protection mechanism includes a second anchor rod, an arc frame and a supporting part. The second anchor rod is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the arc frame, and the two ends of the arc frame are fixedly arranged on the supporting part. The supporting part is used to support the first lining plate. The number of the arc frames is the same as the number of the first lining plates, and the two are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The second anchor rod is composed of two rods with different diameters. The rod with a larger diameter is at the bottom and fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the arc frame, and the rod with a smaller diameter is at the top and fixedly arranged on the upper layer of the rod with a larger diameter. Along the axial direction of the tunnel, the supporting part supports multiple groups of mutually parallel first lining plates, and each group of first lining plates It is composed of two first curved plates and second curved plates of different thicknesses, the thicker first curved plate is provided with a through hole, the through hole corresponds to the second anchor rod, and the second anchor rod passes through the through hole to limit the first curved plate, the thickness of the first curved plate is the same as the height of the rod with a larger diameter included in the second anchor rod, so that after the second anchor rod passes through the through hole, the rod with a smaller diameter at the upper part of the second anchor rod passes through the through hole and is exposed to the outside, and the second curved plate is mounted on the upper side of the supporting part and supported and limited by the supporting part, so as to be distributedly arranged;

[0011] The supporting part includes a first limiting rod and a second limiting rod; in actual construction, the supporting part is combined with a clamping plate, an adjustment frame, a supporting plate, and an arc-shaped bracket for erection; there is one first limiting rod and two second limiting rods, the first limiting rod and the two second limiting rods are arranged parallel to each other, the first limiting rod is at the top, the two second limiting rods are at the bottom of the left and right sides of the first limiting rod, the two second limiting rods are equidistant from the first limiting rod, and a plurality of clamping plates are fixedly connected between the first limiting rod and the second limiting rod below its left side and between the first limiting rod and the second limiting rod below its right side respectively; the axial direction of the first limiting rod is parallel to the axial direction of the tunnel, and a plurality of arc-shaped frames are arranged parallel to the axial direction of the tunnel. The two second limit rods respectively penetrate the left bottom end and the right bottom end of the multiple arc frames, and the first limit rod penetrates the middle part of the multiple arc frames, so that the first limit rod and the second limit rod of the arc frame are fixedly connected; along the axial direction of the tunnel, each clamping plate is located between the two arc frames; a supporting plate is fixedly connected to the inner groove of the clamping plate, and an adjusting frame is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the supporting plate, and the upper end of the adjusting frame is fixedly connected to the inner arc surface of the arc bracket to bear and support the arc bracket; the adjusting frame is used to adjust the height of the arc bracket, and the arc bracket abuts against the second arc plate of the first lining plate to support the first lining plate, so that the height of the first lining plate is adjusted by adjusting the height of the arc bracket, so that the first lining plate is in the position required by the design.

[0012] Preferably, the steel corrugated plate sheets are connected with high-strength bolts to form a steel corrugated plate layer, and the steel corrugated plate layer is anchored to the inner layer of the secondary support structure with anchors, which are composed of a threaded steel rod, a nut, and a semicircular steel plate component; one end of the threaded steel rod penetrates into the second concrete layer, and the other end passes through the semicircular steel plate component and the steel corrugated plate sheet in turn and is fixed with a nut.

[0013] Preferably, the second anchor rod is anchored through the second concrete layer, the first concrete layer is anchored to the tunnel body through the first anchor rod, the second lining plate is water-stopped by a waterstop strip, the clamping plate is symmetrically arranged, the first limit rod and the two second limit rods are arranged in the orientation of three parallel ribs of a triangular prism, the adjustment frame is used to adjust the position of the arc bracket, thereby changing the supporting height, the second lining plate and the first lining plate do not need to be disassembled later, and the first lining plate and the second concrete layer form an integrated structure, thereby enhancing the support capacity.

[0014] Preferably, during construction, the construction of the preliminary support structure is carried out first, the steel skeleton or I-beam is arranged along the circumference of the tunnel and abuts against the inner wall of the tunnel, the steel skeleton or I-beam is fixed by bolts, and fixed to the tunnel by a first anchor rod; then, concrete is sprayed to form a first concrete layer; when the strength of the first concrete layer reaches 75% of the design strength, the steel mesh in the second concrete layer is tied, the steel mesh abuts against the inner wall of the first concrete layer and is tied and fixed, then, the limiting support component is built, and then concrete is poured to form the second concrete layer; the steel mesh in the second concrete layer is fixedly connected to the first concrete layer by a second anchor rod to achieve positioning; after the strength of the second concrete layer reaches 75% of the design strength, the clamping plate, the adjustment frame, the support plate, and the arc bracket are removed from the first limiting rod and the second limiting rod; then the steel corrugated plate layer is built and anchored to the inner layer of the secondary support structure with anchors. Overall, the primary support structure and the secondary support structure are fixed together, and the second concrete layer is poured through the limiting support component. The second concrete layer is integrated with the limiting support component and is located between the limiting support component and the first concrete layer.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0016] 1. The present invention sets a primary support structure, a secondary support structure, and a steel corrugated plate layer. The first concrete layer is fixed to the tunnel by a first anchor rod, and then the secondary support structure is constructed. The limiting support component in the secondary support structure acts as a template, and the second concrete layer can be cast and formed. A first lining plate in the limiting support component can be connected to the first concrete layer by a second anchor rod, and another first lining plate can be supported by the first anchor rod. At this time, the first limiting rod and the second limiting rod are limited, and the clamping plate is connected to the first limiting rod and the second limiting rod. The height of the arc bracket is adjusted by the adjusting frame to support the first lining plate. The clamping plate can be removed later to disassemble the adjusting frame, the supporting plate, and the arc bracket as a whole, which is convenient for later processing. The structure itself is formed and fixed by the solidification of the second concrete layer, which is helpful for overall protection.

[0017] 2. In the present invention, the "steel corrugated plate + reinforced concrete" steel-concrete structure support system is adopted, and the goaf area does not need to be treated. The tunnel construction can be started as soon as the project starts, which greatly shortens the construction period. After the traditional secondary lining structure has been in operation for a period of time, shrinkage cracks or water leakage of varying degrees will occur in the lining. The present invention adopts the "steel corrugated plate + reinforced concrete" steel-concrete structure support system. The steel corrugated plate layer disperses the force to the entire structure, and the lining surface will not leak significantly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the main structure of the tunnel support system of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is an exploded structural diagram of the main body of the tunnel support system of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the secondary support structure in the tunnel support system of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structure of the position-limiting support component in the tunnel support system of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the protection mechanism structure in the tunnel support system of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the supporting part structure in the tunnel support system of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 A simplified diagram of the tunnel support system of the present invention in practical application;

[0025] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of

[0026] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 A partial enlarged view of the structure in the middle circle;

[0027] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anchor 4 in the present invention.

[0028] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 3-corrugated steel plate layer, 4-anchor, 8-threaded steel rod, 9-nut, 10-semicircular steel plate member, 14-primary support structure, 15-secondary support structure, 16-first concrete layer, 17-first anchor, 18-second concrete layer, 19-limiting support component, 20-protection mechanism, 21-first lining, 22-waterstop, 23-second lining, 24-protective bottom layer, 25-second anchor, 26-arc frame, 27-supporting part, 28-first limiting rod, 29-clamp, 30-adjusting frame, 31-support plate, 32-arc bracket, 33-second limiting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the specification of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0030] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described here. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0031] Example

[0032] like Figure 1-6As shown, a tunnel support system for underlying goaf or overburdened minerals under the tunnel includes a primary support structure 14, a secondary support structure 15, and a steel corrugated plate layer 3 in a jacket structure, wherein the primary support structure 14 is an outer layer, the secondary support structure 15 is a middle layer, and the steel corrugated plate layer 3 is an inner layer. The primary support structure 14 and the secondary support structure 15 are limitedly connected, and the steel corrugated plate layer 3 and the secondary support structure 15 are fixedly connected by anchors 4, and the primary support structure 14 and the secondary support structure 15 are supported.

[0033] like Figure 2 The preliminary support structure 14 includes a first concrete layer 16 and a first anchor rod 17. The first concrete layer 16 is anchored with a first anchor rod 17. The shape of the first concrete layer 16 is the same as the shape of the tunnel, including a bottom layer, a left side wall, a right side wall, and an arc-shaped top layer. The outer surfaces of the left side wall, the right side wall, and the arc-shaped top layer included in the preliminary support structure 14 are provided with a plurality of first anchor rods 17. The preliminary support structure 14 is anchored and connected to the tunnel body through the first anchor rods 17. The plurality of first anchor rods 17 are arranged in a plurality of rows and arranged at a certain interval. Each row includes 4 first anchor rods 17. The shape of the first anchor rod 17 is an inverted "T" shape, which is composed of a lower cross bar and a vertical bar. The lower cross bars of the four first anchor rods 17 in each row are connected as one and fixed to the outer surfaces of the left side wall, the right side wall, and the arc-shaped top layer. The vertical bar is inserted into the tunnel wall.

[0034] like Figure 3 The secondary support structure 15 includes a second concrete layer 18 and a limiting support component 19. The second concrete layer 18 includes a left side wall, a right side wall, and an arc-shaped top layer, all of which are arranged closely against the inner wall of the first concrete layer 16; the second concrete layer 18 and the limiting support component 19 are integrated, and the limiting support component 19 is embedded in the left side wall, the right side wall, and the arc-shaped top layer of the second concrete layer 18. At the same time, the limiting support component 19 serves as a reinforcement structure of the left side wall, the right side wall, and the arc-shaped top layer in the form of reinforcing ribs.

[0035] like Figure 4The position-limiting support component 19 includes a protection mechanism 20, a first lining plate 21, a water stop strip 22, a second lining plate 23 and a protective bottom layer 24. The shape of the position-limiting support component 19 is the same as that of the preliminary support structure 14, and its left and right side walls are both composed of a water stop strip 22 and a second lining plate 23; the protective bottom layer 24 forms the bottom surface of the position-limiting support component 19, and the left and right sides thereof are fixedly connected with the second lining plates 23. The second lining plates 23 on the left and right sides respectively form the left and right side walls of the position-limiting support component 19, and the outer surfaces of the second lining plates 23 are fixedly connected with the water stop strips 22. The surface of the water stop 22 on one side of the preliminary support structure 14 is provided with cylindrical ridges at intervals, the second lining plate 23 is composed of a plurality of rectangular small lining plates fixedly connected, the inner surface of each small lining plate is provided with strip ridges, the ridges on the surface of the water stop 22 and the ridges on the surface of the small lining plates are used to improve the adhesion with the second concrete layer; the protection mechanism 20 is an arc-shaped top layer, and its left and right bottom ends are respectively fixedly connected to the upper ends of the second lining plates 23 on the left and right sides; along the axial direction of the protection mechanism 20, the first lining plate 21 is fixed on the protection mechanism 20, and the first lining plate 21 is arc-shaped.

[0036] like Figure 5 The protection mechanism 20 includes a second anchor rod 25, an arc frame 26 and a supporting portion 27. The second anchor rod 25 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the arc frame 26, and both ends of the arc frame 26 are fixedly arranged on the supporting portion 27. The supporting portion 27 is used to support the first lining plate 21. The number of the arc frames 26 is the same as the number of the first lining plates 21, and the two are arranged one by one. The second anchor rod 25 is composed of two rods with different diameters. The rod with a larger diameter is at the bottom and fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the arc frame 26, and the rod with a smaller diameter is at the top and fixedly arranged on the upper layer of the rod with a larger diameter, and passes through the second concrete layer 18. Along the axial direction of the tunnel, the supporting portion 27 supports multiple groups of mutually parallel The first lining plate 21 of each group of first lining plates 21 is composed of two first curved plates and second curved plates of different thicknesses, the thicker first curved plate is provided with a through hole, the through hole corresponds to the second anchor rod 25, and the second anchor rod 25 passes through the through hole to limit the first curved plate, the thickness of the first curved plate is the same as the height of the rod with a larger diameter included in the second anchor rod 25, so that after the second anchor rod 25 passes through the through hole, the rod with a smaller diameter at the upper part of the second anchor rod 25 passes through the through hole and is exposed to the outside, and the second curved plate is mounted on the upper side of the supporting part 27 and is supported and limited by the supporting part 27, so as to be distributedly arranged;

[0037] like Figure 6The supporting part 27 includes a first limiting rod 28 and a second limiting rod 33; in actual construction, the supporting part is combined with a card plate, an adjustment frame, a supporting plate, and an arc bracket for erection; the first limiting rod 28 is one, and the second limiting rod 33 is two, the first limiting rod 28 and the two second limiting rods 33 are arranged parallel to each other, the first limiting rod 28 is at the top, and the two second limiting rods 33 are at the bottom of the left and right sides of the first limiting rod 28, and the two second limiting rods 33 are at an equal distance from the first limiting rod 28, and a plurality of card plates 29 are fixedly connected between the first limiting rod 28 and the second limiting rod 33 below its left side and between the first limiting rod 28 and the second limiting rod 33 below its right side; the axial direction of the first limiting rod 28 is parallel to the axial direction of the tunnel, and a plurality of arc frames 26 are arranged in parallel along the axial direction of the tunnel, and the two second limiting rods 33 respectively penetrate the The first limiting rod 28 passes through the middle of the multiple arc frames 26 at the left bottom end and the right bottom end of the multiple arc frames 26, so that the arc frame 26, the first limiting rod 28, and the second limiting rod 33 are fixedly connected; along the axial direction of the tunnel, the front and rear sides of each clamping plate 29 are fixedly provided with an arc frame 26, that is, the clamping plate 29 is located between the arc frames 26; a supporting plate 31 is fixedly connected to the inner groove of the clamping plate 29, and an adjusting frame 30 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the supporting plate 31, and the upper end of the adjusting frame 30 is fixedly connected to the inner arc surface of the arc bracket 32 ​​to carry and support the arc bracket 32; the adjusting frame 30 is used to adjust the height of the arc bracket 32, and the arc bracket 32 ​​abuts against the second arc plate of the first lining plate 21 to support the first lining plate 21, so that the height of the first lining plate 21 is adjusted by adjusting the height of the arc bracket 32, so that the first lining plate 21 is in the position required by the design.

[0038] like Figure 8-10 The steel corrugated plate sheets are connected with high-strength bolts to form a steel corrugated plate layer 3, and the steel corrugated plate layer 3 is anchored to the inner layer of the secondary support structure 15 by an anchor 4. The anchor 4 is composed of a threaded steel rod 8, a nut 9, and a semicircular steel plate component 10; one end of the threaded steel rod 8 penetrates into the second concrete layer 18, and the other end passes through the semicircular steel plate component 10 and the steel corrugated plate sheet in turn and is fixed by a nut 9.

[0039] The second anchor rod 25 is anchored through the second concrete layer 18, the first concrete layer 16 is anchored to the tunnel body through the first anchor rod 17, the second lining plate 23 is water-stopped by the waterstop strip 22, the clamping plate 29 is symmetrically arranged, the first limit rod 28 and the two second limit rods 33 are arranged in the orientation of three parallel ribs of a triangular prism, the adjusting frame 30 is used to adjust the position of the arc bracket 32, so as to change the supporting height, the second lining plate 23 and the first lining plate 21 do not need to be disassembled later, and the first lining plate 21 and the second concrete layer 18 form an integrated structure, so as to enhance the supporting capacity.

[0040] like Figure 7As shown, when implementing this embodiment, the construction of the preliminary support structure 14 is first carried out, the steel skeleton is arranged along the circumference of the tunnel and abuts against the inner wall of the tunnel, the steel skeleton is fixed by bolts, and is fixed to the tunnel by the first anchor rod 17; then, the first concrete layer 16 is formed by spraying concrete; when the strength of the first concrete layer 16 reaches 75% of the design strength, the geotextile and the waterproof board are laid, and the steel mesh in the second concrete layer 18 is tied, and the steel mesh abuts against the inner wall of the first concrete layer 16 and is tied and fixed, Next, the limited support component 19 is built, and then concrete is poured to form the second concrete layer 18; the steel mesh in the second concrete layer 18 is fixedly connected to the first concrete layer 16 through the second anchor rod 25 to achieve positioning; after the strength of the second concrete layer 18 reaches 75% of the design strength, the clamping plate 29, the adjustment frame 30, the support plate 31, and the arc bracket 32 ​​are removed from the first limited rod 28 and the second limited rod 33; finally, the steel corrugated plate layer 3 is built and anchored to the inner layer of the secondary support structure 15 by the anchor 4. Overall, the primary support structure 14 is fixedly connected to the secondary support structure 15, and the second concrete layer 18 is integrated with the limited support component 19 and is located between the limited support component 19 and the first concrete layer 16.

[0041] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A tunnel support system for tunnels with goafs or overburden minerals, comprising a primary support structure, a secondary support structure, and a steel corrugated plate layer in a jacket structure, wherein the primary support structure is an outer layer, the secondary support structure is an intermediate layer, and the steel corrugated plate layer is an inner layer. The primary support structure is fixedly connected to the secondary support structure, and the steel corrugated plate layer is fixedly connected to the secondary support structure by anchors, and the primary support structure and the secondary support structure perform support treatment; The preliminary support structure includes a first concrete layer and a first anchor rod, and the first concrete layer is anchored with a first anchor rod; the shape of the first concrete layer is the same as the shape of the tunnel, including a bottom layer, a left side wall, a right side wall, and an arc-shaped top layer; the outer surfaces of the left side wall, the right side wall, and the arc-shaped top layer included in the preliminary support structure are all provided with a plurality of first anchor rods, and the preliminary support structure is anchored and connected to the tunnel body through the first anchor rods; the plurality of first anchor rods are arranged in a plurality of rows and arranged at a certain interval, and the shape of the first anchor rod is an inverted "T" shape, and is composed of a lower cross rod and a vertical rod; the lower cross rods of the four first anchor rods in each row are connected as one, and the vertical rod is inserted into the tunnel wall; The secondary support structure includes a second concrete layer and a limiting support component, the second concrete layer includes a left side wall, a right side wall, and an arc-shaped top layer; the second concrete layer and the limiting support component are integrated, and the limiting support component is embedded in the left side wall, the right side wall, and the arc-shaped top layer of the second concrete layer, and at the same time, the limiting support component serves as a reinforcement structure of the left side wall, the right side wall, and the arc-shaped top layer in the form of reinforcing ribs; The position-limiting support component comprises a protection mechanism, a first lining plate, a waterstop, a second lining plate and a protective bottom layer. The shape of the position-limiting support component is the same as that of the preliminary support structure, and its left and right walls are both composed of a waterstop and a second lining plate; the protective bottom layer forms the bottom surface of the position-limiting support component, and the left and right sides thereof are fixedly connected with the second lining plates, and the second lining plates on the left and right sides respectively form the left and right side walls of the position-limiting support component, and the outer surface of the second lining plate is fixedly connected with the waterstop, and cylindrical convex ridges are arranged at intervals on the surface of the waterstop on one side of the preliminary support structure, and the second lining plate is formed by fixing a plurality of rectangular small lining plates, and the inner surface of each small lining plate is provided with strip convex ridges, and the convex ridges on the surface of the waterstop and the convex ridges on the surface of the small lining plate are used to improve the bonding degree with the second concrete layer; the protection mechanism is an arc-shaped top layer, and its left and right bottom ends are respectively fixedly connected to the upper ends of the second lining plates on the left and right sides; along the axial direction of the protection mechanism, the first lining plate is fixed on the protection mechanism, and the first lining plate is arc-shaped; The protection mechanism includes a second anchor rod, an arc frame and a supporting part. The upper surface of the arc frame is provided with a second anchor rod, and the two ends of the arc frame are fixedly arranged on the supporting part. The supporting part is used to support the first lining plate. The number of the arc frames is the same as the number of the first lining plates, and the two are arranged one by one. The second anchor rod is composed of two rods with different diameters. The rod with a larger diameter is at the bottom and fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the arc frame, and the rod with a smaller diameter is at the top and fixedly arranged on the upper layer of the rod with a larger diameter. Along the tunnel axis direction, the supporting part supports multiple groups of mutually parallel first lining plates, and each group of first lining plates The plate is composed of two first curved plates and second curved plates of different thicknesses. A through hole is provided on the thicker first curved plate, and the through hole corresponds to the second anchor rod. The second anchor rod passes through the through hole to limit the first curved plate. The thickness of the first curved plate is the same as the height of the rod with a larger diameter included in the second anchor rod, so that after the second anchor rod passes through the through hole, the rod with a smaller diameter at the upper part of the second anchor rod passes through the through hole and is exposed to the outside. The second curved plate is mounted on the upper side of the supporting part and is supported and limited by the supporting part, so as to be distributedly arranged. The supporting part includes a first limiting rod and a second limiting rod; in actual construction, the supporting part is combined with a clamping plate, an adjusting frame, a supporting plate, and an arc-shaped bracket for erection; there is one first limiting rod and two second limiting rods, the first limiting rod and the two second limiting rods are arranged parallel to each other, the first limiting rod is at the top, and the two second limiting rods are at the bottom of the left and right sides of the first limiting rod, the two second limiting rods are equidistant from the first limiting rod, and a plurality of clamping plates are fixedly connected between the first limiting rod and the second limiting rod below its left side and between the first limiting rod and the second limiting rod below its right side respectively; along the axial direction of the first limiting rod and in parallel along the axial direction of the tunnel, a plurality of arc-shaped frames are arranged, and the two second limiting rods are arranged parallel to each other. The limiting rods respectively pass through the left and right ends of the multiple arc frames, and the first limiting rod passes through the middle of the multiple arc frames, so that the first limiting rod and the second limiting rod of the arc frames are fixedly connected; along the axial direction of the tunnel, arc frames are fixedly provided on the front and rear sides of each clamping plate; a supporting plate is fixedly connected to the inner groove of the clamping plate, and an adjusting frame is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the supporting plate, and the upper end of the adjusting frame is fixedly connected to the inner arc surface of the arc bracket to bear and support the arc bracket; the adjusting frame is used to adjust the height of the arc bracket, and the arc bracket abuts against the second arc plate of the first lining plate to support the first lining plate, so that the height of the first lining plate is adjusted by adjusting the height of the arc bracket, so that the first lining plate is in the position required by the design.

2. The tunnel support system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The corrugated steel plate layer is formed by connecting steel corrugated plate sheets with high-strength bolts, and the corrugated steel plate layer is anchored to the inner layer of the secondary support structure with anchors, and the anchors are composed of a threaded steel rod, a nut, and a semicircular steel plate component; one end of the threaded steel rod penetrates into the second concrete layer, and the other end passes through the semicircular steel plate component and the corrugated steel plate sheet in turn and is fixed with a nut.

3. The tunnel support system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second anchor rod is anchored through the second concrete layer, the first concrete layer is anchored to the tunnel body through the first anchor rod, the second lining plate is water-stopped by a waterstop strip, the clamps are symmetrically arranged, and the symmetrically arranged clamps are arranged in a triangular structure, the first limit rod and the two second limit rods are arranged in the orientation of three parallel ribs of a triangular prism, the adjustment frame is used to adjust the position of the arc bracket, thereby changing the supporting height, the second lining plate and the first lining plate do not need to be disassembled later, and the first lining plate and the second concrete layer form an integrated structure, thereby enhancing the support capacity.

4. The tunnel support system according to claim 1, characterized in that: During construction, the preliminary support structure is constructed first. The steel skeleton or I-beam is arranged along the circumference of the tunnel and abuts against the inner wall of the tunnel. The steel skeleton or I-beam is fixed by bolts and fixed to the tunnel by the first anchor rod. Then, the first concrete layer is formed by spraying concrete. When the strength of the first concrete layer reaches 75% of the design strength, the steel mesh in the second concrete layer is tied. The steel mesh abuts against the inner wall of the first concrete layer and is tied and fixed. Then, the limited support components are built, and concrete is poured to form the second concrete layer. The steel mesh in the second concrete layer is connected by the second anchor rod. It is fixedly connected to the first concrete layer to achieve positioning; after the strength of the second concrete layer reaches 75% of the design strength, the clamping plate, adjustment frame, support plate, and arc bracket are removed from the first limit rod and the second limit rod; then the steel corrugated plate layer is built and anchored to the inner layer of the secondary support structure with anchors; as a whole, the primary support structure is fixed to the secondary support structure as one, and the reinforcement pouring construction between the second concrete layer and the steel corrugated plate layer is carried out through the limit support component, the second concrete layer and the limit support component are integrated into one, and are located between the limit support component and the first concrete layer.

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