Ore body surrounding rock supporting device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses an ore body surrounding rock supporting device and method. The device comprises an anchor rod, and the middle of the anchor rod is hollow; and the anchoring assembly is located at the end of the anchor rod, the anchoring assembly comprises a mounting frame and a pushing block connected to the surface of the anchor rod in a sleeving mode, shell expansion blocks are rotationally connected to the two ends of the mounting frame in an inserted mode, and a plurality of friction protruding blocks are arranged on the outer surfaces of the shell expansion blocks. By moving the anchor rod, the pushing block extrudes the expansion shell blocks on the two sides, the expansion shell blocks rotate along with the expansion shell blocks, the whole surfaces of the expansion shell blocks make contact with the surface of the groove hole, the static friction force between the expansion shell blocks and the surface of the groove hole is increased, the anchoring assembly is fixed in the groove hole, and the expansion shell blocks and the pushing block limit the anchor rod so that the anchor rod can be automatically adjusted and arranged in the middle. The problem that the centering degree is poor due to eccentricity of the anchor rod is solved, and therefore the supporting performance of the anchor rod is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel surrounding rock support, and in particular relates to a mine body surrounding rock support device and a supporting method of the mine body surrounding rock support device. Background Art

[0002] Mining with underground mining requires the excavation of a large number of tunnels underground. In order to make the tunnels more stable, surrounding rock support devices are needed for support. The stability of surrounding rock support devices is an important factor affecting the safety of mine tunnel support and mining safety. Anchor support occupies a dominant position in coal mine tunnel support and is the only support form that can achieve safety, speed and economy. Now, whether at home or abroad, underground tunnels give priority to anchor support, and anchor support has become the development direction of tunnel support.

[0003] During the anchor bolt construction process, since the diameter of the anchor bolt is smaller than the diameter of the drill hole, there is a lack of effective constraints on the position of the rod body in the drill hole, resulting in varying degrees of eccentricity in the anchor bolt. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims at solving the problem that the anchor rod in the prior art has different degrees of eccentricity due to lack of effective constraints, and proposes the following technical solutions:

[0005] Ore body surrounding rock support device, including:

[0006] An anchor rod, one end of which is inserted into a slot hole opened on the surface of the surrounding rock, and the middle part of the anchor rod is hollow;

[0007] Anchoring assembly, the anchoring assembly is located at the end of the anchor rod, the anchoring assembly includes a mounting frame and a pushing block sleeved on the surface of the anchor rod, both ends of the mounting frame are rotatably plugged with expansion blocks, and the outer surface of the expansion block is provided with a plurality of friction protrusions;

[0008] After the anchor rod drives the anchor assembly to be inserted into the slot hole, the anchor rod is pulled outward to drive the pushing block to move. The pushing block contacts the expanding blocks on both sides and pushes them to rotate. The expanding blocks increase the contact area with the slot hole surface and fix the anchor assembly in the slot hole. The anchor rod is automatically adjusted and set in the center.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, a fixing part is provided between the pushing block and the two shell expanding blocks, and the fixing part restricts the pushing block and the shell expanding block to prevent the pushing block from leaving the position of the shell expanding block. The fixing part includes a plug-in slot and a plug-in block. The plug-in slot is opened on the inner surface of the shell expanding block, and the plug-in block is movably plugged into the pushing block. A hollow elastic block is fixedly connected at the plug-in block and the pushing block.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the anchoring assembly further includes a limiting plate, the limiting plate is fixedly connected to the pushing block, and limiting grooves corresponding to the limiting plate are provided on both sides of the mounting frame.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the anchoring assembly also includes a hollow fixing block, which is threadedly inserted into the end of the anchor rod, and blocking parts corresponding to the hollow fixing block are provided on both sides of the mounting frame, and a rubber layer is provided on the surface of the blocking part.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, a locking nut is threadedly sleeved on the surface of the other end of the anchor rod, and a gasket is provided on one side of the locking nut.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, it also includes a metal mesh, which is in contact with the surface of the tunnel and is fixedly connected to the anchor rod through a nut.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, it also includes a supporting frame, wherein the supporting frame is used to support the metal mesh, and the number of the supporting frames is multiple, and two adjacent supporting frames are fixed to each other.

[0015] The supporting method of the ore body surrounding rock supporting device comprises the following steps:

[0016] S1. Install anchor rods;

[0017] Insert one end of the anchor rod with the anchor assembly into the pre-opened slot on the tunnel surface until the gasket fits with the rock surface. At this time, multiple friction bumps on the outermost surface of the expansion shell block fit with the slot and deform to block the extraction path of the anchor assembly.

[0018] S2, tighten the anchor assembly;

[0019] Pull the anchor rod outward to drive the push block to move through the hollow fixed block, contact the shell expansion blocks on both sides and push them to rotate. The shell expansion blocks increase the contact area with the slot surface and fix the anchor assembly in the slot, and the anchor rod is automatically adjusted and set in the center.

[0020] S3, anchor bolt detached;

[0021] As the push block moves, the plug-in block is blocked and retracted by the shell expansion block until it moves to the plug-in slot position and is reset and inserted into the plug-in slot again. The fixing part fixes the push block to the shell expansion block so that the anchor rod is separated from the push block.

[0022] S4, anchor fixing;

[0023] Pushing the anchor rod inwards to make the hollow fixing block contact with the mounting frame, and then rotating the anchor rod to drive the hollow fixing block to insert into the blocking portion, so as to fix the anchor rod to the anchor assembly;

[0024] S5, inject concrete;

[0025] The concrete is injected through the middle of the anchor rod, and the concrete enters the slot through the hollow fixing block and gradually fills the entire slot outwards;

[0026] S6. Set up external support;

[0027] After the concrete solidifies, the metal mesh and support frame are installed in sequence to support the tunnel surface.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0029] 1. By moving the anchor rod, the push block squeezes the shell expansion blocks on both sides. The shell expansion block rotates accordingly so that its entire surface contacts the surface of the slot hole, increasing the static friction with the slot hole surface to fix the anchor assembly in the slot hole. The shell expansion block and the push block limit the anchor rod to automatically adjust and center it, avoiding the problem of poor centering caused by the eccentricity of the anchor rod, thereby improving the support performance of the anchor rod;

[0030] 2. The fixed part can fix the pushing block and the shell expansion block to prevent the pushing block from leaving the shell expansion block position as the anchor rod retreats, thereby ensuring the centering limit work of the anchor assembly on the anchor rod.

[0031] 3. The anchor assembly is restricted on the anchor rod by the hollow fixing block, which makes it convenient to quickly install the anchor assembly on the anchor rod. There is no need to produce part of the mechanism of the anchor assembly and the anchor rod as one piece, which can reduce the difficulty of producing the anchor rod. In addition, the anchor rod can be separated from the position of the pushing block and reset normally by cooperating with the fixing part. After the anchor rod is rotated, the hollow fixing block cooperates with the blocking part on the mounting frame to fix the anchor rod, making the installation of the anchor rod simpler and more convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 What is shown is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the embodiment;

[0033] Figure 2 Shown is a diagram of the installation position of the anchor assembly in an embodiment;

[0034] Figure 3 Shown is a front cross-sectional view of an anchor assembly in an embodiment;

[0035] Figure 4 What is shown is a working state diagram of the anchor assembly in the embodiment;

[0036] Figure 5 What is shown is the fixed state diagram of the anchor rod in the embodiment;

[0037] Figure 6 Shown is a schematic diagram of the structures of various parts of the anchoring assembly in the embodiment.

[0038] In the figure: 10, anchor rod; 11, gasket; 12, locking nut; 20, anchor assembly; 21, mounting frame; 22, pushing block; 23, shell expansion block; 24, fixing part; 241, plug-in slot; 242, plug-in block; 243, hollow elastic block; 251, limiting plate; 252, limiting slot; 253, hollow fixing block; 254, blocking part; 30, metal mesh; 40, supporting frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings of the specification.

[0040] Example

[0041] Figure 1-Figure 6 The surrounding rock support device of the ore body includes:

[0042] An anchor rod 10, one end of which is inserted into a slot hole opened on the surface of the surrounding rock, and the middle part of the anchor rod 10 is hollow;

[0043] Anchor assembly 20, the anchor assembly 20 is located at the end of the anchor rod 10, the anchor assembly 20 includes a mounting frame 21 and a push block 22 sleeved on the surface of the anchor rod 10, both ends of the mounting frame 21 are rotatably plugged with expansion blocks 23, and the outer surface of the expansion block 23 is provided with a plurality of friction protrusions;

[0044] After the anchor rod 10 drives the anchor assembly 20 to be inserted into the slot hole, the anchor rod 10 is pulled outward to drive the pushing block 22 to move. The pushing block 22 contacts the expanding blocks 23 on both sides and pushes them to rotate. The expanding blocks 23 increase the contact area with the slot hole surface and fix the anchor assembly 20 in the slot hole. The anchor rod 10 is automatically adjusted and centered.

[0045] A locking nut 12 is threadedly sleeved on the other end surface of the anchor rod 10 , and a gasket 11 is arranged on one side of the locking nut 12 .

[0046] Before installing the surrounding rock support device, a hole is drilled in the rock stratum on the surface of the tunnel using a hole-drilling device, and then one end of the anchor rod 10 with the anchor assembly 20 is installed into the slot. During the installation of the anchor assembly 20, one end of the anchor rod 10 contacts the mounting frame 21 to move the anchor assembly 20 as a whole, and multiple friction protrusions on the outermost surface of the expansion block 23 are deformed accordingly. After the gasket 11 fits with the surface of the rock stratum, the expansion block 23 fits with the inner wall of the slot and deforms to block the extraction path of the anchor assembly 20. The anchor rod 10 is pulled outward to drive the push block 22 to move through the hollow fixing block 253, contact the expansion blocks 23 on both sides and push them to rotate. The expansion block 23 increases the contact area with the slot surface and fixes the anchor assembly 20 in the slot, and the anchor rod 10 is automatically adjusted and centered.

[0047] By moving the anchor rod 10, the pushing block 22 squeezes the expansion blocks 23 on both sides, and the expansion block 23 rotates accordingly so that its entire surface contacts the surface of the slot hole, thereby increasing the static friction with the surface of the slot hole and fixing the anchor assembly 20 in the slot hole. The expansion block 23 and the pushing block 22 limit the anchor rod 10 to automatically adjust and center it, avoiding the problem of poor centering caused by eccentricity of the anchor rod 10, thereby improving the support performance of the anchor rod 10.

[0048] The supporting method of the ore body surrounding rock supporting device comprises the following steps:

[0049] S1, installing anchor rod 10;

[0050] Insert one end of the anchor rod 10 with the anchor assembly 20 into the pre-opened slot on the tunnel surface until the gasket 11 fits with the rock surface. At this time, the multiple friction protrusions on the outermost surface of the expansion shell block 23 fit with the slot and deform to block the extraction path of the anchor assembly 20.

[0051] S2, tighten the anchor assembly 20;

[0052] Pull the anchor rod 10 outward to drive the push block 22 to move through the hollow fixed block 253, contact the shell expansion blocks 23 on both sides and push them to rotate. The shell expansion blocks 23 increase the contact area with the slot surface to fix the anchor assembly 20 in the slot, and the anchor rod 10 is automatically adjusted and set in the center.

[0053] S3, anchor rod 10 is detached;

[0054] As the push block 22 moves, the plug block 242 is blocked and retracted by the expansion block 23 until it moves to the plug slot 241 and is re-inserted into the plug slot 241. The fixing portion 24 fixes the push block 22 to the expansion block 23 so that the anchor rod 10 is separated from the push block;

[0055] S4, anchor rod 10 is fixed;

[0056] Push the anchor rod 10 inward to make the hollow fixing block 253 contact the mounting frame 21, and then rotate the anchor rod 10 to drive the hollow fixing block 253 to insert into the blocking portion 254, so as to fix the anchor rod 10 to the anchor assembly 20;

[0057] S5, inject concrete;

[0058] Concrete is injected through the middle of the anchor rod 10, and the concrete enters the slot through the hollow fixing block 253 and gradually fills the entire slot outward;

[0059] S6. Set up external support;

[0060] After the concrete solidifies, the metal mesh 30 and the support frame 40 are sequentially installed to support the tunnel surface.

[0061] Figure 2-Figure 6 In the figure, a fixing part 24 is provided between the pushing block 22 and the two shell expanding blocks 23, and the fixing part 24 limits the pushing block 22 and the shell expanding block 23 to prevent the pushing block 22 from being separated from the position of the shell expanding block 23. The fixing part 24 includes a plug-in slot 241 and a plug-in block 242. One end of the plug-in block 242 is arranged in a slope shape, and the plug-in slot 241 is opened on the inner surface of the shell expanding block 23. The plug-in block 242 is movably plugged into the inside of the pushing block 22, and a hollow elastic block 243 is fixedly connected to the plug-in block 242 and the pushing block 22.

[0062] The anchoring assembly 20 further includes a limiting piece 251 , which is fixedly connected to the pushing block 22 , and limiting grooves 252 corresponding to the limiting piece 251 are formed on both sides of the mounting frame 21 .

[0063] When the pushing block 22 moves, the limiting plate 251 moves accordingly in the limiting groove 252 to prevent the position of the plug-in block 242 from being offset relative to the plug-in groove 241, thereby facilitating the assembly of the anchoring assembly 20. After the pushing block 22 completely deflects the shell expansion block 23, because one end of the plug-in block 242 is set in a slope shape, the plug-in block 242 is squeezed by the inner surface of the shell expansion block 23 and shrinks back into the pushing block 22, and the hollow elastic block 243 is compressed and deformed accordingly. When the plug-in block 242 moves to the position of the plug-in groove 241, the hollow elastic block 243 drives the plug-in block 242 to reset and insert it into the plug-in groove 241, and the fixing part 24 can fix the pushing block 22 and the shell expansion block 23.

[0064] The fixing portion 24 can fix the pushing block 22 and the expanding block 23 to prevent the pushing block 22 from leaving the position of the expanding block 23 as the anchor rod 10 retreats, thereby ensuring that the anchor assembly 20 limits the centering of the anchor rod 10.

[0065] Figure 3-Figure 4In the embodiment, the anchoring assembly 20 further includes a hollow fixing block 253, which is threadedly inserted into the end of the anchor rod 10, and blocking portions 254 corresponding to the hollow fixing block 253 are provided on both sides of the mounting frame 21, and a rubber layer is provided on the surface of the blocking portion 254.

[0066] The anchor assembly 20 is restricted on the anchor rod 10 by the hollow fixing block 253, which makes it convenient to quickly install the anchor assembly 20 on the anchor rod 10. There is no need to produce part of the mechanism of the anchor assembly 20 and the anchor rod 10 as one piece, which can reduce the difficulty of producing the anchor rod 10. In addition, the fixing part 24 can cooperate with the anchor rod 10 to detach the push block 22 and restore it normally. After rotating the anchor rod 10, the hollow fixing block 253 cooperates with the blocking part 254 on the mounting frame 21 to fix the anchor rod 10, making the installation of the anchor rod 10 simpler and more convenient.

[0067] Figure 1 In the embodiment, the metal mesh 30 is fitted with the tunnel surface, and the metal mesh 30 is fixedly connected to the anchor rod 10 via a nut.

[0068] It also includes a support frame 40, which is used to support the metal mesh 30. There are multiple support frames 40, and two adjacent support frames 40 are fixed to each other.

[0069] After the laid metal mesh 30 is fixedly connected to the anchor rod 10, it can support part of the tunnel. In order to increase the support strength of the support device, a support frame 40 will be assembled or a concrete layer will be poured outside the metal mesh 30 to adapt to a more complex tunnel environment.

[0070] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them.

Claims

1. The ore body surrounding rock support device is characterized by: include: An anchor rod (10), one end of the anchor rod (10) is inserted into a slot hole opened on the surface of the surrounding rock, and the middle part of the anchor rod (10) is hollow; An anchoring assembly (20), the anchoring assembly (20) is located at the end of the anchor rod (10), the anchoring assembly (20) comprises a mounting frame (21) and a pushing block (22) sleeved on the surface of the anchor rod (10), both ends of the mounting frame (21) are rotatably plugged with expansion blocks (23), and the outer surface of the expansion block (23) is provided with a plurality of friction protrusions; After the anchor rod (10) drives the anchor assembly (20) to be inserted into the slot hole, the anchor rod (10) is pulled outward to drive the push block (22) to move, and the push block (22) contacts the expansion blocks (23) on both sides and pushes them to rotate. The expansion blocks (23) increase the contact area with the slot hole surface and fix the anchor assembly (20) in the slot hole, and the anchor rod (10) is automatically adjusted and set in the center.

2. The ore body surrounding rock support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixing part (24) is provided between the pushing block (22) and the two shell expanding blocks (23), and the fixing part (24) restricts the pushing block (22) and the shell expanding block (23) to prevent the pushing block (22) from being separated from the position of the shell expanding block (23). The fixing part (24) comprises a plug-in slot (241) and a plug-in block (242), and the plug-in slot (241) is provided on the inner surface of the shell expanding block (23), and the plug-in block (242) is movably plugged into the pushing block (22), and a hollow elastic block (243) is fixedly connected at the plug-in position between the plug-in block (242) and the pushing block (22).

3. The ore body surrounding rock support device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The anchoring assembly (20) further comprises a limiting plate (251), wherein the limiting plate (251) is fixedly connected to the pushing block (22), and limiting grooves (252) corresponding to the limiting plate (251) are provided on both sides of the mounting frame (21).

4. The ore body surrounding rock support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor assembly (20) further comprises a hollow fixing block (253), wherein the hollow fixing block (253) is threadedly inserted into the end of the anchor rod (10), and blocking portions (254) corresponding to the hollow fixing block (253) are provided on both sides of the mounting frame (21), and a rubber layer is provided on the surface of the blocking portion (254).

5. The ore body surrounding rock support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A locking nut (12) is threadedly sleeved on the surface of the other end of the anchor rod (10), and a gasket (11) is arranged on one side of the locking nut (12).

6. The ore body surrounding rock support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a metal mesh (30), wherein the metal mesh (30) is fitted to the surface of the tunnel, and the metal mesh (30) is fixedly connected to the anchor rod (10) via a nut.

7. The ore body surrounding rock support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a support frame (40), wherein the support frame (40) is used to support the metal mesh (30), and there are a plurality of support frames (40), and two adjacent support frames (40) are fixed to each other.

8. The supporting method of the ore body surrounding rock supporting device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are included: S1, installing anchor rod (10); Insert one end of the anchor rod (10) with the anchor assembly (20) into a slot hole pre-opened on the tunnel surface until the gasket (11) fits against the rock layer surface. At this time, a plurality of friction protrusions on the outermost surface of the expansion shell block (23) fit against the slot hole and deform to block the extraction path of the anchor assembly (20); S2, tightening the anchor assembly (20); The anchor rod (10) is pulled outward to drive the push block (22) to move through the hollow fixed block (253), contact the expansion blocks (23) on both sides and push them to rotate. The expansion blocks (23) increase the contact area with the slot surface and fix the anchor assembly (20) in the slot, and the anchor rod (10) is automatically adjusted and set in the center. S3, the anchor rod (10) is detached; As the push block (22) moves, the plug block (242) is blocked and retracted by the expansion block (23) until it moves to the plug slot (241) and is re-inserted into the plug slot (241). The fixing portion (24) fixes the push block (22) to the expansion block (23) so that the anchor rod (10) is separated from the push block; S4, anchor rod (10) fixation; Pushing the anchor rod (10) inwards to make the hollow fixing block (253) contact the mounting frame (21), and then rotating the anchor rod (10) to drive the hollow fixing block (253) to be inserted into the blocking portion (254), so as to fix the anchor rod (10) and the anchor assembly (20); S5, inject concrete; Concrete is injected through the middle of the anchor rod (10), and the concrete enters the slot through the hollow fixing block (253) and gradually fills the entire slot outward; S6. Set up external support; After the concrete solidifies, the metal mesh (30) and the support frame (40) are sequentially installed to support the tunnel surface.

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