Internal heating type reactor for coal gangue treatment

Abstract

The invention discloses an internal heating type reactor for coal gangue treatment, which comprises an internal heating type reactor, the lower surface of the internal heating type reactor is fixedly connected with an air distribution device, an air chamber is arranged below the air distribution device, the internal part of the internal heating type reactor is fixedly connected with a combustion furnace internal water cooling piece, the upper end of the internal heating type reactor is communicated with a cyclone separator, and the lower end of the internal heating type reactor is communicated with a combustion furnace internal water cooling piece. The upper end surface of the cyclone separator is communicated with a cyclone separator outlet flue, and the lower end of the cyclone separator outlet flue is fixedly connected with a rotating cylinder; a cyclone separator water cooling piece is fixedly connected into the cyclone separator, a return feeder air chamber is fixedly connected to the lower end of the cyclone separator, a return feeder is fixedly connected to the end, away from the cyclone separator, of the return feeder air chamber, and the end, away from the return feeder air chamber, of the return feeder is communicated with the bottom end of the internal heating type separator. Heat insulation is formed in the reactor through the heat preservation layer and the corresponding furnace wall, so that no heating surface exists in the furnace, no pipe explosion risk exists, and the overall reliability of equipment is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of coal gangue treatment, in particular to an internal heating reactor for coal gangue treatment. Background Art

[0002] Gangue is solid waste discharged during the coal mining and coal washing process. Gangue is abandoned and occupies large areas of land. The escape or leaching of sulfides in gangue will pollute the atmosphere, farmland and water bodies. Gangue mountains can also spontaneously combust and cause fires, or collapse during the rainy season, silting up rivers and causing disasters. So far, the utilization of gangue has not been strong enough. Due to imperfect technology and unbalanced regional development, the impact on the environment is still very serious, mainly manifested in the following aspects.

[0003] First, it affects the utilization of land resources: most coal gangue dumps are located near wellheads, mostly close to residential areas. The large amount of coal gangue stacking not only occupies a large amount of land area, but also affects land resources that are larger than the stacking area, making the surrounding arable land barren and unusable.

[0004] Second, it pollutes the atmosphere: open-air stacking of coal gangue will generate a lot of dust. This is mainly because the coal gangue piled on the ground will be weathered and crushed after being exposed to the sun and rain for a long time. In addition, the coal gangue will disintegrate after absorbing water, which will easily produce dust. Under the action of wind, the quality of the atmosphere in the mining area will deteriorate. In addition, coal gangue contains combustibles such as residual coal, carbonaceous mudstone and waste wood, among which C and S can constitute the material basis for the spontaneous combustion of coal gangue. Coal gangue is piled in the open air, and the heat inside the gangue mountain gradually accumulates over time. When the temperature reaches the combustion point of the combustibles, the residual coal in the gangue pile can spontaneously combust. After spontaneous combustion, the temperature inside the gangue mountain is 800-1000℃, which makes the gangue melt and release a large amount of harmful gases such as CO, CO2, SO2, H2S, NOx, dioxins, etc., among which SO2 is the main one. The spontaneous combustion of a gangue mountain can last for more than ten years to several decades. The emission of these harmful gases not only reduces the environmental air quality around the waste rock pile and affects the health of residents in the mining area, but also often affects the surrounding ecological environment, slowing the growth of trees, increasing diseases and pests, reducing crop yields, and even killing them.

[0005] Third, it harms soil and water: In addition to dust, SiO2, Al2O3, and constant elements such as Fe and Mn, coal gangue also contains other trace heavy metal elements, such as Pb, Sn, As, Cr, etc., which are toxic heavy metal elements. When the open-air pile of coal gangue is eroded by rainwater, acidic water is produced, polluting the surrounding land and water. When the gangue in the gangue dump is not piled reasonably, the gangue pile is prone to slope instability, resulting in collapse and sliding of the gangue pile, especially in the rainy season. This phenomenon is particularly common in mountainous areas, and mudslides are prone to occur, thus affecting the downstream farmland, rivers and personnel safety.

[0006] The characteristics of coal gangue are extremely low volatile matter, high grindability, and extremely low calorific value, and it does not belong to the category of solid fuel. The current treatment method is to burn a small amount of it into the CFB incineration boiler, but it causes serious wear on the furnace, and can only be treated in a small amount, and the effect is very poor. The carbon content of the fly ash after combustion is still more than 7%, and it cannot be used directly as a raw material for cement; another method is to mix it with thermal coal and burn it in a pulverized coal furnace. The chamber combustion furnace has no heat storage body and cannot burn in the furnace. The result is that the heat absorption of the coal gangue entering the furnace is greater than its own heat release, which adds pretreatment equipment in vain, increases power consumption, and reduces the quality of the byproduct fly ash. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art and to provide an internal heating reactor for gangue treatment, insulated inside the reactor by an insulation layer and a corresponding furnace wall, so that there is no heating surface in the furnace and no risk of pipe explosion, thereby improving the overall reliability of the equipment.

[0008] The present invention also provides an internal heating reactor for treating coal gangue as mentioned above, comprising: an internal heating reactor, a wind distribution device fixedly connected to the lower surface of the internal heating reactor, a wind chamber arranged below the wind distribution device, the interior of the internal heating reactor fixedly connected to the water-cooling parts in the combustion furnace, the upper end of the internal heating reactor is connected to a cyclone separator, the upper end surface of the cyclone separator is connected to the cyclone separator outlet flue, the lower end of the cyclone separator outlet flue is fixedly connected to a rotating cylinder; the interior of the cyclone separator is fixedly connected to the cyclone separator water-cooling parts, the lower end of the cyclone separator is fixedly connected to a returner wind chamber, the end of the returner wind chamber away from the cyclone separator is fixedly connected to the returner, and the end of the returner away from the returner wind chamber is connected to the bottom end of the internal heating separator.

[0009] According to an internal heating reactor for gangue treatment provided by the present invention, the internal heating reactor comprises an internal heating reactor shell, the interior of the internal heating reactor shell is fixedly connected to a reactor furnace wall insulation layer, and the inner surface of the reactor furnace wall insulation layer is fixedly connected to the reactor furnace wall.

[0010] According to an internal heating reactor for gangue treatment provided by the present invention, the cyclone separator comprises a cyclone separator shell, the inner surface of the cyclone separator shell is fixedly connected to a cyclone separator insulation layer, and the inner surface of the cyclone separator insulation layer is fixedly connected to a cyclone separator wall.

[0011] According to an internal heating reactor for gangue treatment provided by the present invention, a base steel frame of the internal heating reactor is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the internal heating reactor, and the air distribution device is connected to the internal heating reactor.

[0012] According to an internal heating reactor for gangue treatment provided by the present invention, a screw feeder is fixedly connected to the side surface of the internal heating reactor, and a feeding system is arranged on the upper surface of the screw feeder.

[0013] According to an internal heating reactor for treating coal gangue provided by the present invention, air distribution devices are fixedly connected to the upper and lower surfaces of the internal heating reactor, a first premixer is fixedly connected to the surface of the internal heating reactor and located between the two air distribution devices, and a second premixer is fixedly connected to the surface of the internal heating reactor and located above the air distribution devices.

[0014] According to an internal heating reactor for gangue treatment provided by the present invention, an explosion-proof device is arranged on the top of the internal heating reactor, and a cyclone separator basic steel frame is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the cyclone separator.

[0015] According to an internal heating reactor for gangue treatment provided by the present invention, the reactor furnace wall insulation layer and the cyclone separator insulation layer are both made of aluminum silicate wool board, and the cyclone separator wall and the reactor furnace wall are both made of clay lightweight bricks and high-alumina bricks.

[0016] According to an internal heating reactor for gangue treatment provided by the present invention, the top furnace wall of the internal heating reactor is made of high-strength wear-resistant castable and high-alumina bricks, and the bottom of the cyclone separator and the return device are both made of high-strength wear-resistant castable.

[0017] Beneficial Effects

[0018] 1. The present invention forms thermal insulation inside the reactor through the thermal insulation layer and the corresponding furnace wall, so that there is no heating surface in the furnace, there is no risk of pipe explosion, and the overall reliability of the equipment is improved.

[0019] 2. The present invention uses a cyclone separator, an air distribution device and a premixer to recycle the internal parts, burn coal gangue purely without coal blending, and reduce energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments;

[0021] Figure 1 The overall structure diagram of the internal heating reactor for treating coal gangue of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 The invention is a method for treating coal gangue using an internal heating reactor. Figure 1 Middle AA section view;

[0023] Figure 3 The invention is a method for treating coal gangue using an internal heating reactor. Figure 1 Middle BB section view;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a top cross-sectional view of the internal heating reactor for treating coal gangue of the present invention.

[0025] Legend:

[0026] 1. Wind chamber; 2. Air distribution device; 3. Basic steel frame of internal heating reactor; 4. Screw feeder; 5. Material conveying system; 6. Air distribution device; 7. Second premixer; 8. First premixer; 9. Water-cooled parts in combustion furnace; 10. Insulation layer of reactor furnace wall; 11. Shell of internal heating reactor; 12. Explosion-proof device; 13. Exit flue of cyclone separator; 14. Rotating cylinder; 15. Shell of cyclone separator; 16. Insulation layer of cyclone separator; 17. Water-cooled parts of cyclone separator; 18. Wind chamber of returner; 19. Returner; 20. Basic steel frame of cyclone separator; 21. Internal heating reactor; 22. Cyclone separator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] This section will describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present invention. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the accompanying drawings is to supplement the description of the text part of the specification with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and the overall technical solution of the present invention, but it cannot be understood as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Reference Figure 1-4 The embodiment of the present invention is an internal heating reactor for treating coal gangue, which includes: an internal heating reactor 21 for burning coal gangue, a wind distribution device 2 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the internal heating reactor 21 for distributing wind, a wind chamber 1 is arranged below the wind distribution device 2, and a device for inletting air is arranged, the interior of the internal heating reactor 21 is fixedly connected to a water cooling part 9 in a combustion furnace, the upper end of the internal heating reactor 21 is connected to a cyclone separator 22 for separating fly ash generated inside, and the upper end surface of the cyclone separator 22 is connected to a cyclone separator outlet flue 13 for removing fly ash generated inside. The flue gas of the cyclone separator is fixedly connected to the rotating cylinder 14 at the lower end of the cyclone separator outlet flue 13; to facilitate separation, the interior of the cyclone separator 22 is fixedly connected to the cyclone separator water-cooling part 17 for heat exchange, and the lower end of the cyclone separator 22 is fixedly connected to the return material chamber 18 for providing power for the returned material, and the return material chamber 18 is fixedly connected to the return material 19 at one end away from the cyclone separator 22 for returning the material, and the end of the return material chamber 19 away from the return material chamber 18 is connected to the bottom end of the internal heat separator 22 to return the material to the internal heat reactor.

[0029] The internal heating reactor 21 includes an internal heating reactor shell 11 and a reactor structure. The interior of the internal heating reactor shell 11 is fixedly connected to a reactor furnace wall insulation layer 10 to block internal heat and form internal heat. The inner surface of the reactor furnace wall insulation layer 10 is fixedly connected to the reactor furnace wall to further block the transfer of heat.

[0030] The cyclone separator 22 includes a cyclone separator housing 15, the inner surface of which is fixedly connected to a cyclone separator insulation layer 16 to block heat transfer, and the inner surface of the cyclone separator insulation layer 16 is fixedly connected to a cyclone separator wall to further block heat.

[0031] The lower surface of the endothermic reactor 21 is fixedly connected with an endothermic reactor foundation steel frame 3 to support the endothermic reactor 21 . The air distribution device 2 is connected to the endothermic reactor 21 to facilitate the entry of air.

[0032] A screw feeder 4 is fixedly connected to the side surface of the internal heating reactor 21 to facilitate the entry of materials. A conveying system 5 is arranged on the upper surface of the screw feeder 4 to provide materials from the outside.

[0033] An air distribution device 6 is fixedly connected to the upper and lower surfaces of the endothermic reactor 21 to configure the wind. A first premixer 7 is fixedly connected to the surface of the endothermic reactor 21 and located between the two air distribution devices 6 to premix the wind. A second premixer 8 is fixedly connected to the surface of the endothermic reactor 21 and located above the air distribution device 6 to mix the flue gas above with the air.

[0034] An explosion-proof device 12 is provided on the top of the internal heat reactor 21 to prevent accidents. A cyclone separator basic steel frame 20 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the cyclone separator 22 to support the cyclone separator 22 .

[0035] The reactor furnace wall insulation layer 10 and the cyclone separator insulation layer 16 are both made of aluminum silicate wool board, which has good thermal insulation performance. The cyclone separator wall and the reactor furnace wall are both made of clay lightweight bricks and high-alumina bricks, which have good strength and thermal insulation effects.

[0036] The top furnace wall of the internal heating reactor 21 is made of high-strength wear-resistant castable and high-alumina bricks, and the bottom of the cyclone separator 22 and the return feeder 19 are both made of high-strength wear-resistant castable.

[0037] Working principle: During use, coal gangue is added to the interior of the internal heating reactor 21 through the screw feeder 4, and then oxygen for combustion is provided through the wind chamber 1 and the air distribution device 2. During the combustion process, the oxygen required for combustion is added to the interior through the air distribution device 6, the first premixer 8, and the second premixer 7. The flue gas passes through the cyclone separator 22. After separation, the flue gas is discharged through the cyclone separator outlet flue 13, and the solid particles are returned to the internal heating reactor through the return device 19.

[0038] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of ordinary technicians in the technical field without departing from the purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. An internal heating reactor for treating coal gangue, characterized in that: include: An endothermic reactor (21), wherein the lower surface of the endothermic reactor (21) is fixedly connected to an air distribution device (2), a wind chamber (1) is arranged below the air distribution device (2), the interior of the endothermic reactor (21) is fixedly connected to a water-cooling component (9) in a combustion furnace, the upper end of the endothermic reactor (21) is connected to a cyclone separator (22), the upper end surface of the cyclone separator (22) is connected to a cyclone separator outlet flue (13), and the lower end of the cyclone separator outlet flue (13) is fixedly connected to a rotating cylinder (14); The interior of the cyclone separator (22) is fixedly connected to a cyclone separator water-cooling component (17); the lower end of the cyclone separator (22) is fixedly connected to a returner air chamber (18); the end of the returner air chamber (18) away from the cyclone separator (22) is fixedly connected to a returner (19); the end of the returner (19) away from the returner air chamber (18) is communicated with the bottom end of the internal heat separator (22).

2. The internal heating reactor for treating coal gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The internal heating reactor (21) comprises an internal heating reactor shell (11), the interior of the internal heating reactor shell (11) is fixedly connected to a reactor furnace wall insulation layer (10), and the inner surface of the reactor furnace wall insulation layer (10) is fixedly connected to the reactor furnace wall.

3. The internal heating reactor for treating coal gangue according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cyclone separator (22) comprises a cyclone separator shell (15), the inner surface of the cyclone separator shell (15) is fixedly connected to a cyclone separator insulation layer (16), and the inner surface of the cyclone separator insulation layer (16) is fixedly connected to a cyclone separator wall.

4. The internal heating reactor for treating coal gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower surface of the endothermic reactor (21) is fixedly connected to an endothermic reactor base steel frame (3), and the air distribution device (2) is in communication with the endothermic reactor (21).

5. The internal heating reactor for treating coal gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that: A screw feeder (4) is fixedly connected to the side surface of the internal heating reactor (21), and a material conveying system (5) is arranged on the upper surface of the screw feeder (4).

6. The internal heating reactor for treating coal gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that: Air distribution devices (6) are fixedly connected to the upper and lower surfaces of the endothermic reactor (21); a first premixer (7) is fixedly connected to the surface of the endothermic reactor (21) and located between the two air distribution devices (6); and a second premixer (8) is fixedly connected to the surface of the endothermic reactor (21) and located above the air distribution devices (6).

7. The internal heating reactor for treating coal gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that: An explosion-proof device (12) is provided on the top of the internal heat reactor (21), and a cyclone separator basic steel frame (20) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the cyclone separator (22).

8. The internal heating reactor for treating coal gangue according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reactor furnace wall insulation layer (10) and the cyclone separator insulation layer (16) are both made of aluminum silicate wool board, and the cyclone separator wall and the reactor furnace wall are both made of clay lightweight bricks and high-alumina bricks.

9. The internal heating reactor for treating coal gangue according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top furnace wall of the internal heating reactor (21) is made of high-strength wear-resistant castable material and high-alumina bricks, and the bottom of the cyclone separator (22) and the return device (19) are both made of high-strength wear-resistant castable material.

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