Hot thin solid discrete fire spreading characteristic experimental device and method capable of being adjusted at fixed angle
Through the design of the heat -thin solid discrete fire spreading characteristic experimental device adjusted by a fixed angle, the existing technology cannot effectively study the problem of the fire spreading characteristics of the thermal thin solid material, and realize the multi -variables under complex conditions. The flexibility and controllability of the experiment.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411608940.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-28
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
Existing experimental devices cannot effectively study the fire spread characteristics of hot-thin solid materials, especially under tilted structure and multivariable conditions, and it is difficult to achieve the multivariable continuous adjustable function.
Design a kind of hot -thin solid discrete fire spreading characteristic experimental device that can be adjusted by a certain angle. By changing the tilt angle and the air gap, using multiple brackets and data collection systems to achieve the multiple parameters of thermal solid material can be continuously adjusted continuously. experiment.
Under complex conditions, multi -variables of heat -thin solid materials are continuously adjusted, which can study different types, shapes and spreading forms of thermal solid materials, and improve the flexibility and controllability of the experiment.
Smart Images
Figure CN119375413A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the field of thermal thin solid foundation experimental design, and in particular to a thermal thin solid discrete fire spread characteristic experimental device and method which can be adjusted at a certain angle. Background Art
[0002] According to relevant research, when flames spread between discrete solid fuels, the overall fire spread rate varies with the gap size and may even be faster than the fire spread rate of continuous fuels. This means that discrete fuels may have more fire safety hazards than continuous fuels. At the same time, inclined structures are very common in actual fire scenarios. For pool fires, flames and plumes move upward due to buoyancy. When the fuel surface is tilted toward the vertical, the flame plume will also tilt due to air entrainment and pressure differences, and may attach to the solid surface, potentially changing the flame thermal feedback to the fuel bed. Therefore, the fuel inclination will have an impact on fire behavior.
[0003] In existing experimental devices, the experimental objects are mostly matchsticks. Most of the previous experiments on matchsticks were built independently, but they do not have the functions of measuring angles and controlling gaps. Experimental devices for thermally thin solids can change multiple parameters for experiments, but they are not suitable for thermally thin solid materials. As for experiments with thermally thin solid materials as the experimental objects, most of the experimental devices are vertical or horizontal brackets. In addition, some researchers have also independently built discrete fire spread experimental platforms suitable for inclined flat-plate solids, but they are only suitable for single variable experiments. In addition, the thermal physical properties and sizes of flat-plate solid experimental materials vary greatly, so this type of experimental device is difficult to promote.
[0004] The existing devices and methods have the following limitations: The experimental device for thermally thin flat solids is single and not applicable to other thermally thin materials. It tends to change a single variable and cannot achieve the function of continuously adjusting multiple variables. Summary of the invention
[0005] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an angle-adjustable thermal thin solid discrete fire spread characteristics experimental device and method. By changing the inclination angle and the size of the air gap, the fire spread characteristics of thermal thin solid materials of different types, shapes and spread forms can be studied.
[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
[0007] A thermal thin solid discrete fire spread characteristic experimental device with adjustable angles comprises a first bracket, a second bracket, a third bracket, a data acquisition system and a plurality of thermal thin solid samples, wherein the first bracket comprises two parallel and fixedly connected stainless steel plates, the discrete or continuous thermal thin solid samples are detachably fixed in the gap between the two stainless steel plates, one end of the first bracket is rotatably connected to the second bracket, the first bracket is adjusted in inclination angle by a connecting piece on the second bracket, and the third bracket is arranged below the second bracket to adjust the overall height of the experimental device.
[0008] As a preferred technical solution, the hot thin solid sample is fixedly clamped on the first bracket by bolts and iron buckles, and a scale scale is engraved on the stainless steel plate.
[0009] As a preferred technical solution, the front end of the first bracket is connected to the second bracket through a first rotating shaft, the middle part of the first bracket is rotatably connected to one end of a connecting member through a second rotating shaft, the second bracket is provided with a plurality of holes arranged at equal intervals, and the other end of the connecting member is detachably connected to a hole.
[0010] As a preferred technical solution, the inclination adjustment range between the first bracket and the horizontal plane is 0° to 90°, and a protractor is installed on the second bracket.
[0011] As a preferred technical solution, the third bracket includes an upper vertical frame and a lower vertical frame, the second bracket is fixed on the upper bracket, the upper vertical frame and the lower vertical frame are provided with screw holes arranged at equal vertical intervals, the upper vertical frame and the lower vertical frame are connected by a fastening knob to adjust the height of the third bracket, and matching threads are provided on the fastening knob and in the screw hole.
[0012] As a preferred technical solution, the data acquisition system includes a first camera, a second camera and an infrared thermal imager. The first camera is placed on the ground in front of the third bracket, the second camera is set facing the thermal thin solid sample, and the infrared thermal imager is set in front of the thermal thin solid sample.
[0013] As a preferred technical solution, the experimental device also includes an ignition control module, which includes a flammable block, a heating wire, a heating wire power cord and a constant current and constant voltage power supply. The resistance wire is in contact with the first hot thin solid sample through the flammable block, and the heating wire is connected to the constant current and constant voltage power supply through the heating wire power cord.
[0014] As a preferred technical solution, the experimental device further includes a baffle, which is arranged between the first thermal thin solid sample and the second thermal thin solid sample.
[0015] As a preferred technical solution, a method for using a thermal thin solid discrete fire spread characteristics experimental device that can be adjusted at a fixed angle includes the following steps:
[0016] Step 1: Determine the ignition energy, the size and quantity of the hot thin solid, and the size of the air gap according to the needs of the designed experiment;
[0017] Step 2, fix the thermal thin solid sample on the first bracket, fix the iron buckle at the middle position of the edge of the thermal thin solid sample, place the baffle between the first thermal thin solid sample and the second thermal thin solid sample, and place the uniformly wound spiral heating wire tightly against one end of the first thermal thin solid sample;
[0018] Step 3, turn on the switches of the first camera and the second camera, turn on the constant current and constant voltage power supply, ignite the flammable block, and when the first hot thin solid sample is ignited, disconnect the constant current and constant voltage power supply and remove the baffle;
[0019] Step 4: After all hot thin solid samples stop burning, turn off the first camera and the second camera, clean up the experimental site, and ensure that there is no residual fire;
[0020] Step five: process the flame video, export the image after determining the frame number, convert the image into a binary image, extract the flame characteristic parameters, and then process the captured flame carbonization trace video to obtain the fire spread rate and clarify the influence of the coupling effect of the tilt angle and fuel spacing on the fire spread characteristics and the internal mechanism.
[0021] Compared with the prior art, the angle-adjustable thermal thin solid discrete fire spread characteristics experimental device of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0022] (1) With the help of the first bracket, the thermally thin solid material can be firmly clamped, and the width of the experimental sample and the gap spacing of discrete thermally thin solid materials can also be adjusted and measured. The first bracket is equipped with a connecting shaft, which is convenient for the part holding the sample to always maintain a balanced state when changing the experimental sample. With the help of the second bracket, the inclination angle of the experimental sample can be freely adjusted. With the help of the third bracket, the height of the experimental sample can be adjusted. By changing factors such as the inclination angle, the width and spacing of the thermally thin solid material, the scientific research needs of studying the combustion behavior and fire spread characteristics of continuous thermally thin solids or discrete thermally thin solid materials under complex conditions with continuous and adjustable multi-parameters can be achieved;
[0023] (2) The method of fixing the hot thin solid material is to fix the sample fixing clamp of the first bracket by iron buckles and bolts, and the rest of the experimental sample does not need to be fixed by bolts, so as to avoid the interference of too many iron products on the surface fire spread characteristics of the hot thin solid material. At the same time, the iron buckle is detachable, which is convenient for replacing samples and improving experimental efficiency;
[0024] (3) The reserved ignition position can be placed at a certain distance from the upper edge and the lower edge of the experimental sample, which can provide a variety of fire spread situations, such as upper ignition countercurrent fire spread, lower ignition downstream fire spread, ignition source ignition spread, line fire source ignition spread, etc. The ignition of this experimental device adopts an automatic control module to ensure the need to remove the ignition source immediately after the first sample is ignited, reduce the interference of the ignition source, and increase the reliability of the experiment.
[0025] In summary, the present invention studies the combustion behavior and fire spread characteristics of single continuous or discrete hot thin solid materials under multi-variable continuous adjustable conditions under complex experimental conditions through the coupling effect of the width and spacing of discrete hot thin solid materials or the continuous hot thin solid materials and the inclination angle of the experimental samples, so that the present invention meets the combustion behavior and fire spread characteristics experimental requirements of single continuous or discrete hot thin solid materials under multi-variable continuous adjustable conditions. In addition, the present invention is flexible in operation, highly adjustable and controllable, and highly extensible, and can be widely used in other hot thin solid combustible fire spread experimental studies. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the angle-adjustable thermal thin solid discrete fire spread characteristic experimental device of the present invention;
[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first bracket in the angle-adjustable thermal thin solid discrete fire spread characteristic experimental device of the present invention;
[0028] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of an ignition control module in the angle-adjustable thermal thin solid discrete fire spread characteristic experimental device of the present invention;
[0029] Figure 4 The present invention is a flow chart of a method for using the angle-adjustable thermal thin solid discrete fire spread characteristic experimental device.
[0030] In the figure: 1. first bracket; 2. second bracket; 3. third bracket; 4. connector; 5. protractor; 6. first camera; 7. second camera; 8. infrared thermal imager; 9. constant current and constant voltage power supply; 10. current display panel; 11. current adjustment knob; 12. voltage display panel; 13 voltage adjustment knob; 14 thermocouple transmission line; 15 power transmission line; 16. stainless steel plate; 17. hot thin solid sample; 18. iron buckle; 19. baffle; 20. connector; 21. upper vertical frame; 22. lower vertical frame; 23. tightening knob; 24. protractor; 25. heating wire; 26. flammable block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0031] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific implementation methods:
[0032] Seven thermal thin solid samples with a length, width and thickness of 50 mm × 40 mm × 0.237 mm were marked with lines at 10 mm from the length edge using a black marker to ensure that the horizontal exposure width was 30 mm.
[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, a thermal thin solid discrete fire spread characteristic experimental device with adjustable angle includes a first bracket 1, a second bracket 2, a third bracket 3, a data acquisition system and a plurality of thermal thin solid samples 17, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, the first bracket 1 includes two parallel and fixedly connected stainless steel plates 16, a discrete or continuous thermal thin solid sample 17 is detachably fixed in the gap between the two stainless steel plates 16, one end of the first bracket 1 is rotatably connected to the second bracket 2, the first bracket 1 is adjusted in inclination angle through the connecting piece 204 on the second bracket 2, and the third bracket 3 is arranged below the second bracket 2 to adjust the overall height of the experimental device.
[0034] The hot thin solid sample 17 is fixedly clamped on the first bracket 1 by bolts and iron buckles 18. The stainless steel plate 16 is engraved with a scale to measure the flame length during combustion and determine the sample width and the width of the air gap.
[0035] The front end of the first bracket 1 is connected to the second bracket 2 through the first rotating shaft, the middle part of the first bracket 1 is rotatably connected to one end of a connecting member 204 through the second rotating shaft, and the second bracket 2 is provided with a plurality of holes arranged at equal intervals, and the other end of the connecting member 204 is detachably connected to a hole. By connecting the lower end of the connecting member 204 to different holes on the second bracket 2, the inclination angle of the test sample can be adjusted. The first bracket 1 and the second bracket 2 are connected in a triangular structure to enhance the overall stability.
[0036] The adjustment range of the inclination angle between the first bracket 1 and the horizontal plane is 0° to 90°, and a protractor 245 is installed on the second bracket 2 to measure the inclination angle.
[0037] The third bracket 3 includes an upper vertical frame 21 and a lower vertical frame 22. The second bracket 2 is fixed on the upper bracket. The upper vertical frame 21 and the lower vertical frame 22 are provided with screw holes arranged at equal vertical intervals. The height of the third bracket 3 is adjusted by adjusting the relative position of the fastening knobs 23 on the upper vertical frame 21 and the lower vertical frame 22 to the holes. The fastening knobs 23 and the screw holes are provided with matching threads.
[0038] The data acquisition system includes a first camera 6, a second camera 7 and an infrared thermal imager 8. The first camera 6 is placed on the ground in front of the third bracket 3, and is used to capture the image of the flame spreading front of the thin solid sample 17 to be heated in real time and in high definition. The second camera 7 is set directly opposite to the heated thin solid sample 17 to capture the overall image of the movement of the heated thin solid sample 17 and the flame spreading in real time and in high definition. The infrared thermal imager 8 is set directly in front of the heated thin solid sample 17 to capture the data of the temperature field during the experiment.
[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, the experimental device also includes an ignition control module, which includes an inflammable block 26, a heating wire 25, a heating wire power line and a constant current and constant voltage power supply 9. The inflammable block 26 is connected to one end of the heating wire 25, the inflammable block 26 is in contact with the first hot thin solid sample, and the heating wire 25 is connected to the constant current and constant voltage power supply 9 through the heating wire power line. The constant current and constant voltage power supply 9 includes a current display panel 10, a current adjustment knob 11, a voltage display panel 12, a voltage adjustment knob 13, a thermocouple transmission line 14 and a power transmission line 15.
[0040] The experimental device further includes a baffle 19 , which is disposed between the first thermal thin solid sample and the second thermal thin solid sample and is used to block the flame at the beginning of ignition so as to clearly capture the process of flame propagation between the thermal thin solid samples 17 .
[0041] The material of the flammable block 26 is a material that melts when it encounters high temperature, breaks when it encounters fire, has pressure resistance in the inner space, and has good airtightness. Its geometric shape is plate-like, and such materials include: fiber, rubber, plastic, tin, aluminum, etc. By energizing and heating the electric heating wire 25 in the ignition control module, the first hot thin solid sample 17 is ignited, thereby studying the upward downstream fire propagation characteristics of the discrete hot thin material. During the experiment, the constant current and constant voltage power supply 9 is first turned on, the electric heating wire 25 is energized and heated, the flammable block 26 is ignited, and the first hot thin solid sample 17 is ignited. At this time, the constant current and constant voltage power supply 9 is turned off, and the baffle 19 is manually removed.
[0042] Example 1: Figure 4 As shown, a method for using a thermal thin solid discrete fire spread characteristic experimental device that can be adjusted at a certain angle includes the following steps:
[0043] Step 1: Determine the ignition energy, the size and quantity of the hot thin solid, and the size of the air gap according to the needs of the designed experiment;
[0044] Step 2: fix the thermal thin solid sample 17 on the first bracket 1, fix the iron buckle 18 at the middle position of the edge of the thermal thin solid sample 17, place the baffle 19 between the first thermal thin solid sample and the second thermal thin solid sample, and place the uniformly wound spiral heating wire 25 in close contact with one end of the first thermal thin solid sample;
[0045] Step 3, turn on the switches of the first camera 6 and the second camera 7, turn on the constant current and constant voltage power supply 9, ignite the flammable block 26 through the heating wire 25, and when the first hot thin solid sample 17 is ignited, disconnect the constant current and constant voltage power supply 9 and remove the baffle 19;
[0046] Step 4: After all hot thin solid samples stop burning, turn off the first camera 6 and the second camera 7, clean up the experimental site, and ensure that there is no residual fire;
[0047] Step five: Use Adobe Photoshop software to process the flame video, export the image after determining the frame number, convert the image into a binary image using ImagineJ software, extract characteristic parameters such as flame length, and then process the captured flame carbonization trace video based on the MATLAB program to obtain the flame spread rate, etc., to clarify the influence of the inclination angle and fuel spacing coupling on the fire spread characteristics and the internal mechanism.
[0048] Embodiment 2: as Figure 4 As shown, a method for testing the fire spread of a thin solid discrete cable with an adjustable angle is provided. In this embodiment,
[0049] When using the angle-adjustable hot thin solid fire spread test apparatus, take the following steps:
[0050] The inclination angle of the heating surface, the number and spacing of the hot thin solids are fixed, and only the ignition energy is continuously adjusted. The rest is the same as in Example 1.
[0051] Embodiment 3: as Figure 4 As shown, a method for testing the spread of hot thin solid fire with adjustable angles is provided. In this embodiment, when using a device for testing the spread of hot thin solid fire with adjustable angles, the following steps are taken:
[0052] The ignition energy, the number and spacing of hot thin solids are fixed, and only the sample tilt angle is continuously adjusted. Others are the same as in Example 1.
[0053] Embodiment 4: Figure 4 As shown, a method for testing the spread of hot thin solid fire with adjustable angles is provided. In this embodiment, when using a device for testing the spread of hot thin solid fire with adjustable angles, the following steps are taken:
[0054] The ignition energy, sample tilt angle, etc. are fixed, and only the number and spacing of hot thin solids are adjusted. The rest is the same as in Example 1.
[0055] Embodiment 5: Figure 4 As shown, a method for testing the spread of hot thin solid fire with adjustable angles is provided. In this embodiment, when using a device for testing the spread of hot thin solid fire with adjustable angles, the following steps are taken:
[0056] The ignition energy, sample tilt angle, etc. are fixed, and only the quantity and width of the hot thin solid are adjusted. The rest are the same as in Example 1.
[0057] Example 6: As shown in FIG. 4 , a method for testing the spread of a thin hot solid fire with adjustable angles. In this example, when using a device for testing the spread of a thin hot solid fire with adjustable angles, the following steps are taken:
[0058] The ignition energy, sample tilt angle, etc. are fixed, and only the amount and thickness of the hot thin solid are adjusted. The rest are the same as in Example 1.
[0059] From the above-mentioned Examples 1-6, it can be seen that the present invention realizes the experimental study of the combustion behavior and fire spread characteristics of continuous or discrete hot thin solids under complex conditions with continuous and adjustable multi-parameters by changing factors such as the ignition energy size, the width, thickness, quantity, and tilt angle of the sample of the hot thin solid.
[0060] This embodiment is only a further explanation of the present invention, not a limitation of the present invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make non-creative modifications to this embodiment as needed, but as long as it is within the scope of the claims of the present invention, it will be protected by the patent law.
Claims
1. An angle-adjustable thermal thin solid discrete fire spread characteristics experimental device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first bracket, a second bracket, a third bracket, a data acquisition system and a plurality of thermal thin solid samples. The first bracket comprises two parallel and fixedly connected stainless steel plates. The thermal thin solid sample is detachably fixed in the gap between the two stainless steel plates. One end of the first bracket is rotatably connected to the second bracket. The first bracket is adjusted in inclination angle by a connecting piece on the second bracket. The third bracket is arranged below the second bracket to adjust the overall height of the experimental device.
2. The angle-adjustable thermal thin solid discrete fire spread characteristic experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal thin solid sample is fixedly clamped on the first bracket by bolts and iron buckles, and a scale is engraved on the stainless steel plate.
3. The angle-adjustable thermal thin solid discrete fire spread characteristic experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end of the first bracket is connected to the second bracket through a first rotating shaft, the middle part of the first bracket is rotatably connected to one end of a connecting member through a second rotating shaft, the second bracket is provided with a plurality of holes arranged at equal intervals, and the other end of the connecting member is detachably connected to a hole.
4. The angle-adjustable thermal thin solid discrete fire spread characteristic experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclination adjustment range between the first bracket and the horizontal plane is 0° to 90°, and a protractor is installed on the second bracket.
5. According to the angle-adjustable thermal thin solid discrete fire spread characteristics experimental device of claim 1, the third bracket comprises an upper vertical bracket and a lower vertical bracket, the second bracket is fixed on the upper bracket, the upper vertical bracket and the lower vertical bracket are provided with screw holes arranged at equal vertical intervals, the upper vertical bracket and the lower vertical bracket are connected by a tightening knob to adjust the height of the third bracket, and the tightening knob and the screw hole are provided with matching threads.
6. The angle-adjustable thermal thin solid discrete fire spread characteristic experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition system includes a first camera, a second camera and an infrared thermal imager, wherein the first camera is placed on the ground in front of the third bracket, the second camera is arranged facing the thermal thin solid sample, and the infrared thermal imager is arranged in front of the thermal thin solid sample.
7. The angle-adjustable thermal thin solid discrete fire spread characteristic experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The experimental device also includes an ignition control module, which includes a flammable block, a heating wire, a heating wire power line and a constant current and constant voltage power supply. The resistance wire is in contact with the first hot thin solid sample through the flammable block, and the heating wire is connected to the constant current and constant voltage power supply through the heating wire power line.
8. The angle-adjustable thermal thin solid discrete fire spread characteristic experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The experimental device also includes a baffle disposed between the first thermal thin solid sample and the second thermal thin solid sample.
9. A method for using the angle-adjustable thermal thin solid discrete fire spread characteristics experimental device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Determine the ignition energy, the size and quantity of the hot thin solid, and the size of the air gap according to the needs of the designed experiment; Step 2, fix the thermal thin solid sample on the first bracket, fix the iron buckle at the middle position of the edge of the thermal thin solid sample, place the baffle between the first thermal thin solid sample and the second thermal thin solid sample, and place the uniformly wound spiral heating wire tightly against one end of the first thermal thin solid sample; Step 3, turn on the switches of the first camera and the second camera, turn on the constant current and constant voltage power supply, ignite the flammable block, and when the first hot thin solid sample is ignited, disconnect the constant current and constant voltage power supply and remove the baffle; Step 4: After all hot thin solid samples stop burning, turn off the first camera and the second camera, clean up the experimental site, and ensure that there is no residual fire; Step five: process the flame video, export the image after determining the frame number, convert the image into a binary image, extract the flame characteristic parameters, and then process the captured flame carbonization trace video to obtain the fire spread rate and clarify the influence of the coupling effect of the tilt angle and fuel spacing on the fire spread characteristics and the internal mechanism.