Airspeed tube with deicing and drainage functions

Abstract

The invention discloses an airspeed tube with deicing and drainage functions. The airspeed tube is composed of main parts such as a fusiform drainage opening, a waterproof deicing plate, an adapter flange, a protective sleeve and a mounting seat. The front end of the airspeed tube adopts a pointed-cone-shaped streamline design, so that airflow fluctuation and turbulence can be reduced, and the flight energy consumption is reduced. And the gas diversion trenches are arranged around, so that water drops or ice crystals can be prevented from adhering, and the measurement precision is improved. The total pressure port is located at the foremost end of the fusiform drainage port and can make contact with stable airflow, and measurement reliability is guaranteed; the static pressure openings are formed in the radial side edge of the fusiform drainage opening, and redundant design is provided for the multiple static pressure openings. And the waterproof deicing plate is provided with a deicing heating wire and a miniature water outlet and is used for heating, deicing and draining water. The total pressure pipeline and the static pressure pipeline filter melt water through a waterproof breathable film, and the melt water is prevented from entering the rear-end pressure pipeline. The heating wire and the deicing heating wire wound outside the total pressure conduit and the static pressure conduit form a series loop to improve the cooling efficiency. The design of the total pressure pagoda joint and the static pressure pagoda joint with different lengths at the tail saves the structural space and is convenient to install and maintain. While light-weight and small-size development is met, the functions of low-power-consumption intelligent deicing and drainage after deicing are achieved at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of aerospace technology, and in particular to a pitot tube with deicing and drainage functions. Background Art

[0002] The pitot tube is an important sensor for measuring the flight speed of aircraft and other aircraft. During flight, the pitot tube may encounter problems such as icing and water accumulation. Icing will cause the pitot tube's measurement accuracy to decrease or even fail, while water accumulation may affect the measurement of the pitot tube's internal pressure, thereby affecting flight safety.

[0003] At present, some existing methods for deicing may have limited effects. For example, heating deicing may cause problems such as uneven heating, high energy consumption and insufficient heating; mechanical deicing may damage the pitot tube, and the mechanical structure is complex and the reliability is not high.

[0004] Regarding the drainage problem after ice melting, the existing pitot tube design is often not perfect in drainage function and cannot quickly and thoroughly drain water, causing water to accumulate in the pitot tube and affecting measurement performance. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a pitot tube with deicing and drainage functions, which meets the requirements for lightweight and miniaturized development of the pitot tube and has low-power intelligent deicing and drainage after ice melting functions.

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A pitot tube with deicing and drainage functions, characterized in that it includes a shuttle-shaped drainage port, a waterproof deicing plate, and a transition flange arranged in a multi-layer stacked form at the front end of the pitot tube, wherein the shuttle-shaped drainage port and the waterproof deicing plate are sealed by a drainage port sealing gasket, and the waterproof deicing plate and the transition flange are sealed by a flange sealing gasket. The back side of the waterproof deicing plate is provided with a plurality of turns of heating wire placement grooves at corresponding positions of the static pressure pipeline and the total pressure pipeline, and a plurality of turns of deicing heating wires are coiled and fixed inside the grooves to heat the gas containing cold and humid water vapor and ice crystals from the total pressure port and the static pressure port, the total pressure pipeline is provided with a total pressure drainage hole in the vertical direction of gravity, and the static pressure pipeline is provided with a static pressure drainage hole in the vertical direction of gravity, and the melted water heated by the deicing heating wire can be discharged from the pitot tube through the drainage hole. The static pressure pipeline and the total pressure pipeline are installed with waterproof breathable membranes at the connection parts of the waterproof deicing plate and the adapter flange to prevent melt water and water- and dust-containing gases from the total pressure port and the static pressure port from directly entering their respective rear-end pressure pipelines. The adhesive-backed side of the waterproof breathable membrane is pasted in the corresponding countersunk hole of the adapter flange to prevent leakage, and the other side is tightened and reinforced by a metal pressure plate with a breathable hole in the center. Four screws pass through the flange gasket, the waterproof deicing plate, and the drainage port gasket from back to front from the adapter flange and are finally fixed on the shuttle-shaped drainage port to connect and fix them to form a whole. The deicing heating wire is coiled and fixed in the heating wire placement groove on the waterproof deicing plate. The positive and negative wiring of the deicing heating wire are led out from the openings at the corresponding positions of the adapter flange and welded to the flange terminal board. The flange terminal board is installed in the corresponding groove of the adapter flange by screws.

[0008] The shuttle-shaped drainage port, the waterproof deicing plate and the adapter flange assembly are fixed to the protective sleeve by threaded connection, the protective sleeve is fixed to the mounting seat by screws, the adapter flange, the protective sleeve and the mounting seat form an internal sealed cavity, the total pressure pipeline in the adapter flange inside the cavity is connected to the total pressure pipeline of the mounting seat by a total pressure conduit, the connecting part is sealed by an O-ring deformation, the static pressure pipeline in the adapter flange is connected to the static pressure pipeline of the mounting seat by a static pressure conduit, the connecting part is sealed by an O-ring deformation, multiple turns of nickel-chromium alloy heating wire are evenly wound on the outer cylindrical surface of the total pressure conduit and the static pressure conduit, the positive electrode of the total pressure conduit heating wire and the negative electrode of the static pressure conduit heating wire are led out from the corresponding opening of the mounting seat and welded to the mounting seat terminal board, the mounting seat terminal board is fixed in the corresponding groove of the mounting seat by screws, the negative electrode of the total pressure conduit heating wire and the positive electrode of the static pressure conduit heating wire are welded to the flange terminal board, and the total pressure conduit heating wire, the deicing heating wire and the static pressure conduit heating wire form a series circuit. A total pressure pagoda joint is installed at the end of the total pressure pipeline of the mounting seat, and a static pressure pagoda joint is installed at the end of the static pressure pipeline of the mounting seat.

[0009] The total pressure pipeline starts from the total pressure port at the front end of the shuttle-shaped drainage port. After being heated by the deicing heating wire on the waterproof deicing plate and filtered by the waterproof breathable membrane, the melted water is discharged outward from the total pressure drain port to transport the dry gas total pressure source to the adapter flange. One end of the total pressure conduit is inserted into the corresponding inner hole of the total pressure conduit of the adapter flange, and the other end is inserted into the total pressure conduit of the mounting seat and transports the total pressure to the atmospheric measurement module through the total pressure pagoda joint at the tail of the mounting seat. The two ends of the total pressure conduit are sealed with the adapter flange and the mounting seat respectively through O-rings installed in the groove. Multiple turns of nickel-chromium alloy heating wire are wrapped around the outside of the total pressure conduit. The positive pole wiring of the total pressure conduit heating wire is led out from the opening at the corresponding position of the mounting seat and welded to the mounting seat terminal board. The mounting seat terminal board is installed in the corresponding groove of the mounting seat by screws. The negative pole of the total pressure conduit heating wire is welded to the flange terminal board and connected in series with the deicing heating wire.

[0010] The static pressure pipe starts with three static pressure ports evenly arranged at an interval of 30° on the radial side of the shuttle-shaped drainage port. After being filtered by the deicing heating wire and the waterproof breathable membrane on the waterproof deicing plate, the melt water is discharged outward from the static pressure drain port to transport the dry gas static pressure source to the adapter flange. One end of the static pressure conduit is inserted into the corresponding hole of the static pressure conduit of the adapter flange, and the other end is inserted into the static pressure conduit of the mounting seat and transports the static pressure pressure to the atmospheric measurement module through the static pressure pagoda joint at the tail of the mounting seat. The two ends of the static pressure conduit are sealed with the adapter flange and the mounting seat respectively through O-rings installed in the groove. Multiple turns of nickel-chromium alloy deheating wire are wrapped around the outside of the static pressure conduit. The negative pole wiring of the static pressure conduit heating wire is led out from the opening at the corresponding position of the mounting seat and welded to the mounting seat terminal board. The positive pole of the static pressure conduit heating wire is welded to the flange terminal board and connected in series with the deicing heating wire. From then on, the total pressure conduit heating wire, the deicing heating wire, and the static pressure conduit heating wire form a series circuit through the mounting seat terminal board and the flange terminal board.

[0011] Preferably, the pitot tube has a pointed cone-shaped streamlined design, presenting an aerodynamic structure layout with a slightly thicker first section, a slightly thinner middle section, and a slightly thicker tail section. The streamlined design can not only make the airflow more stable when passing through the front end of the pitot tube, reduce the fluctuation and turbulence of the airflow, reduce interference, and ensure that the measured total pressure and static pressure are more accurate, but also can effectively reduce air resistance, adapt to the impact of high-speed airflow, reduce flight energy consumption, and increase flight speed.

[0012] Preferably, a gas guide groove running through the first section is provided in each of the four directions of the pitot tube, namely, the upper, lower, left and right directions. Under cold weather conditions, the front end of the pitot tube is prone to ice formation, which affects the measurement accuracy and even causes the pitot tube to be blocked. The presence of the guide groove can change the flow characteristics of the airflow, forming a thin air layer on the surface of the pitot tube to prevent water droplets or ice crystals from adhering to the pitot tube. The guide groove can also guide the airflow to flow more smoothly through the front end of the pitot tube, making the airflow flow along a preset path when the aircraft is maneuvering or encountering crosswinds, isolating these interference factors, reducing the fluctuation and turbulence of the airflow, and improving the measurement accuracy of the total pressure and static pressure.

[0013] Preferably, the total pressure port of the pitot tube is arranged at the front end of the shuttle-shaped drainage port so that it can be the first to contact the relatively stable and undisturbed airflow, reduce pressure loss, improve measurement reliability, and be able to adapt to different flight conditions. Regardless of the flight conditions such as climbing, diving, turning, etc. of the aircraft, the total pressure port at the front end can always be in relatively stable contact with the airflow to ensure total pressure measurement.

[0014] Preferably, the static pressure port of the pitot tube is set on the radial side of the shuttle-shaped drainage port, and the three static pressure ports are evenly arranged at 30° intervals. Firstly, the existence of multiple static pressure ports provides a redundant design to ensure that the pitot tube can provide relatively reliable static pressure data. Secondly, multiple static pressure ports can collect static pressure data from different directions, compensate for airflow deviations, and adapt to different flight attitudes.

[0015] Preferably, a low-power de-icing heating wire is provided in the waterproof de-icing plate located near the total pressure port and static pressure port at the front end of the pitot tube, where ice is most likely to form. Once ice forms, it can not only respond quickly and shorten the de-icing time, but also prevent the total pressure port and static pressure port of the pitot tube from being blocked by ice in a cold high-altitude environment, thereby ensuring the accuracy and continuity of pressure measurement, allowing the aircraft to adapt to low-temperature environments and not be restricted by ice problems, but also reduce the overall energy consumption of the aircraft and improve the aircraft's endurance.

[0016] Preferably, the waterproof breathable membrane allows air to pass freely, ensuring that the total pressure source and the static pressure source can be accurately transmitted to the pressure sensor. At different flight altitudes and flight speeds, the waterproof breathable membrane can quickly balance the internal and external pressure differences, making the measurement more accurate. The total pressure pipeline and the static pressure pipeline of the pitot tube are isolated from the heated warm and humid airflow by the waterproof breathable membrane at the heating part of the waterproof deicing plate, and the melt water is discharged through the drainage holes set under the waterproof breathable membrane to prevent water accumulation from interfering with pressure measurement.

[0017] Preferably, the total pressure pagoda joint at the tail of the pitot tube is longer than the static pressure pagoda joint, and the interface positions of the two are staggered in a stepped manner. The design of different lengths saves structural space, makes the pitot tube lighter as a whole, and is easy to distinguish, so that during the installation and maintenance process, the staff can quickly and accurately distinguish them, avoid wrong connection, and improve work efficiency and accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is an exploded view of the pitot tube with deicing and drainage functions of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is an axonometric view of the pitot tube with deicing and drainage functions of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the pitot tube heating wires with deicing and drainage functions of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the waterproof de-icing board structure;

[0022] In the figure: 1. Shuttle-shaped drainage port; 2. Waterproof deicing plate; 3. Adapter flange; 4. Drainage port gasket; 5. Flange gasket; 6. Heating wire placement groove; 7. Deicing heating wire; 8. Total pressure port; 9. Static pressure port; 10. Total pressure drain hole; 11. Static pressure drain hole; 12. Waterproof breathable membrane; 13. Metal pressure plate; 14. Deicing heating wire positive pole; 15. Deicing heating wire negative pole; 16. Flange terminal block; 17. Protective Sleeve; 18. Mounting seat; 19. Total pressure duct; 20. O-ring; 21. Static pressure duct; 22. Total pressure duct heating wire; 23. Static pressure duct heating wire; 24. Total pressure duct heating wire positive electrode; 25. Total pressure duct heating wire negative electrode; 26. Static pressure duct heating wire positive electrode; 27. Static pressure duct heating wire negative electrode; 28. Mounting seat terminal board; 29. ​​Total pressure pagoda connector; 30. Static pressure pagoda connector; 31. Diversion groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] A pitot tube with deicing and drainage functions, characterized in that it comprises a shuttle-shaped drainage port (1), a waterproof deicing plate (2), and an adapter flange (3) arranged in a multi-layer stacked form at the front end of the pitot tube, wherein the shuttle-shaped drainage port (1) and the waterproof deicing plate (2) are sealed by a drainage port sealing gasket (4), and the waterproof deicing plate (2) and the adapter flange (3) are sealed by a flange sealing gasket (5). The back side of the waterproof deicing plate (2) is provided with a plurality of turns of heating wire placement grooves (6) at positions corresponding to the static pressure pipeline and the total pressure pipeline, and a plurality of turns of deicing heating wires (7) are wound and fixed therein to heat the gas containing cold and wet water vapor and ice crystals from the total pressure port (8) and the static pressure port (9). The total pressure pipeline is provided with a total pressure drainage hole (10) in the vertical direction of gravity, and the static pressure pipeline is provided with a static pressure drainage hole (11) in the vertical direction of gravity. Melted water heated by the deicing heating wire (7) can be discharged from the pitot tube through the drainage hole. The static pressure pipeline and the total pressure pipeline are connected at the waterproof deicing plate (2) and the adapter flange (3) by installing a waterproof breathable membrane (12) to prevent melt water and water-containing dust-containing gas from the total pressure port (8) and the static pressure port (9) from directly entering their respective rear end pressure pipelines. The adhesive-backed side of the waterproof breathable membrane (12) is adhered to the corresponding countersunk hole of the adapter flange (3) to prevent leakage, and the other side is compressed and reinforced by a metal pressure plate (13) with a breathable hole in the center. Four screws are inserted from the adapter flange (3) from the back to the front through the flange sealing gasket (5), the waterproof deicing plate (2), and the drainage port sealing gasket (4) and finally fixed on the shuttle-shaped drainage port (1) so that they are connected and fixed to form a whole. The deicing heating wire (7) is coiled and fixed in the heating wire placement groove (6) on the waterproof deicing plate (2). The deicing heating wire positive electrode (14) and the deicing heating wire negative electrode (15) are connected from the opening at the corresponding position of the adapter flange (3) and welded to the flange terminal plate (16). The flange terminal plate (16) is installed in the corresponding groove of the adapter flange (3) by screws.

[0025] The shuttle-shaped drainage port (1), the waterproof deicing plate (2) and the adapter flange (3) are connected and fixed to the protective sleeve (17) by means of threads, the protective sleeve (17) is fixed to the mounting seat (18) by means of screws, the adapter flange (3), the protective sleeve (17) and the mounting seat (18) form an internal sealed cavity, the total pressure pipeline in the adapter flange (3) inside the cavity is connected to the total pressure pipeline of the mounting seat by means of a total pressure conduit (19), the connection part is deformed and sealed by means of an O-ring (20), the static pressure pipeline in the adapter flange (3) is connected to the static pressure pipeline of the mounting seat by means of a static pressure conduit (21), the connection part is deformed and sealed by means of an O-ring (20) The total pressure conduit (19) and the static pressure conduit (21) are evenly wound with multiple turns of nickel-chromium alloy heating wire on the outer cylindrical surface. The positive electrode (24) of the total pressure conduit heating wire and the negative electrode (27) of the static pressure conduit heating wire are led out from the corresponding opening of the mounting seat (18) and welded on the mounting seat wiring board (28). The mounting seat wiring board (28) is fixed in the corresponding groove of the mounting seat (18) by screws. The negative electrode (25) of the total pressure conduit heating wire and the positive electrode (26) of the static pressure conduit heating wire are welded on the flange wiring board (16). The total pressure conduit heating wire (22), the deicing heating wire (7) and the static pressure conduit heating wire (23) form a series circuit. A total pressure pagoda connector (29) is installed at the end of the total pressure pipeline of the mounting seat (18), and a static pressure pagoda connector (30) is installed at the end of the static pressure pipeline of the mounting seat (18).

[0026] The total pressure pipeline starts from the total pressure port (8) at the front end of the shuttle-shaped drainage port (1), and after being heated by the deicing heating wire (7) on the waterproof deicing plate (2) and filtered by the waterproof breathable membrane (12), the melted water is discharged from the total pressure drain port (10) to the outside, and the total pressure source of dry gas is delivered to the adapter flange (3). One end of the total pressure conduit (19) is inserted into the corresponding inner hole of the total pressure pipeline of the adapter flange (3), and the other end is inserted into the total pressure pipeline of the mounting seat (18) and delivers the total pressure to the atmosphere measurement module through the total pressure pagoda connector (29) at the tail of the mounting seat (18). The two ends of the pressure conduit (19) are sealed with the adapter flange (3) and the mounting seat (18) respectively through O-rings (20) installed in the grooves. Multiple turns of nickel-chromium alloy heating wire are wound around the outer side of the total pressure conduit (19). The positive electrode (24) of the total pressure conduit heating wire is led out from the opening at the corresponding position of the mounting seat (18) and welded to the mounting seat terminal board (28). The mounting seat terminal board (28) is installed in the corresponding groove of the mounting seat (18) by screws. The negative electrode (25) of the total pressure conduit heating wire is welded to the flange terminal board (16) and is connected in series with the deicing heating wire (7).

[0027] The static pressure pipe starts from the three static pressure ports (9) evenly arranged at intervals of 30 degrees on the radial side of the shuttle-shaped drainage port (1), and after filtering through the deicing heating wire (7) and the waterproof breathable membrane (12) on the waterproof deicing plate (2), the melted water is discharged from the static pressure drain port (11) to the outside, and the dry gas static pressure source is delivered to the adapter flange (3). One end of the static pressure conduit (21) is inserted into the corresponding hole of the static pressure conduit of the adapter flange (3), and the other end is inserted into the static pressure conduit of the mounting seat (18) and delivers the static pressure to the atmospheric measurement module through the static pressure pagoda joint (30) at the tail of the mounting seat (18). The two ends of the static pressure conduit (21) are connected through grooves. The O-ring (20) installed in the groove is sealed with the adapter flange (3) and the mounting seat (18) respectively. A plurality of turns of nickel-chromium alloy deheating wire are wound around the outside of the static pressure conduit (21). The negative electrode (27) of the static pressure conduit heating wire is connected through an opening at a corresponding position of the mounting seat (18) and welded to the mounting seat terminal board (28). The positive electrode (26) of the static pressure conduit heating wire is welded to the flange terminal board (16) and connected in series with the deicing heating wire (7). Thus, the total pressure conduit heating wire (22), the deicing heating wire (7) and the static pressure conduit heating wire (23) form a series circuit through the mounting seat terminal board (28) and the flange terminal board (16).

[0028] Preferably, the pitot tube has a pointed cone-shaped streamlined design, presenting an aerodynamic structure layout with a slightly thicker first section, a slightly thinner middle section, and a slightly thicker tail section. The streamlined design can not only make the airflow more stable when passing through the front end of the pitot tube, reduce the fluctuation and turbulence of the airflow, reduce interference, and ensure that the measured total pressure and static pressure are more accurate, but also can effectively reduce air resistance, adapt to the impact of high-speed airflow, reduce flight energy consumption, and increase flight speed.

[0029] Preferably, a gas guide groove (31) is provided in each of the four directions of the pitot tube, namely, the upper, lower, left and right directions, which runs through the first section. Under cold weather conditions, the front end of the pitot tube is prone to ice formation, which affects the measurement accuracy and even causes the pitot tube to be blocked. The existence of the guide groove (31) can change the flow characteristics of the airflow, forming a thin air layer on the surface of the pitot tube to prevent water droplets or ice crystals from adhering to the pitot tube. The guide groove (31) can also guide the airflow to flow more smoothly through the front end of the pitot tube, so that the airflow flows along a preset path when the aircraft is maneuvering or encountering a crosswind, isolating these interference factors, reducing the fluctuation and turbulence of the airflow, and improving the measurement accuracy of the total pressure and static pressure.

[0030] Preferably, the pitot tube total pressure port (8) is arranged at the front end of the shuttle-shaped drainage port (1), so that it can first contact the relatively stable and undisturbed airflow, reduce pressure loss, improve the reliability of measurement, and be able to adapt to different flight conditions. Regardless of the flight conditions such as climbing, diving, turning, etc. of the aircraft, the front total pressure port (8) can always be in relatively stable contact with the airflow, ensuring total pressure measurement.

[0031] Preferably, the pitot tube static pressure port (9) is arranged on the radial side of the shuttle-shaped drainage port (1), and the three static pressure ports (9) are evenly arranged at an interval of 30°. Firstly, the existence of multiple static pressure ports (9) provides a redundant design to ensure that the pitot tube can provide relatively reliable static pressure data. Secondly, multiple static pressure ports (9) can collect static pressure data from different directions, compensate for airflow deviation, and adapt to different flight attitudes.

[0032] Preferably, a low-power deicing heating wire (7) is provided in the waterproof deicing plate (2) located near the total pressure port (8) and the static pressure port (9) at the front end of the pitot tube, where ice is most likely to form. Once ice forms, not only can a quick response be achieved, the deicing time can be shortened, and the total pressure port (8) and the static pressure port (9) of the pitot tube can be prevented from being blocked by ice in a cold high-altitude environment, thereby ensuring the accuracy and continuity of pressure measurement, and enabling the aircraft to adapt to low-temperature environments without being restricted by ice formation problems, but also the overall energy consumption of the aircraft can be reduced, thereby improving the endurance of the aircraft.

[0033] Preferably, the waterproof breathable membrane (12) allows air to pass freely, ensuring that the total pressure source and the static pressure source can be accurately transmitted to the pressure sensor. At different flight altitudes and flight speeds, the waterproof breathable membrane (12) can quickly balance the internal and external pressure differences, making the measurement more accurate. The pitot tube total pressure pipeline and the static pressure pipeline are isolated from the heated warm and humid airflow by the waterproof breathable membrane (12) at the heating part of the waterproof deicing plate (2), and the melt water is discharged through the drainage holes respectively arranged under the waterproof breathable membrane (12) to prevent the accumulation of water from interfering with the pressure measurement.

[0034] Preferably, the total pressure pagoda connector (29) at the tail of the pitot tube is longer than the static pressure pagoda connector (30), and the interface positions of the two are staggered in a stepped manner. The design of different lengths not only saves structural space, makes the pitot tube lighter as a whole, but also facilitates differentiation, so that during installation and maintenance, the staff can quickly and accurately distinguish them, avoid wrong connection, and improve work efficiency and accuracy.

Claims

1. A pitot tube with deicing and drainage functions, comprising a shuttle-shaped drainage port, a waterproof deicing plate, a transfer flange, a protective sleeve, a mounting seat and other main components. The front end of the pitot tube adopts a pointed cone streamline design, which can reduce airflow fluctuations and turbulence and reduce flight energy consumption. It is surrounded by gas guide grooves to prevent water droplets or ice crystals from adhering and improve measurement accuracy. The total pressure port is located at the front end of the shuttle-shaped drainage port, which can contact the stable airflow to ensure measurement reliability; the static pressure port is located on the radial side of the shuttle-shaped drainage port, and multiple static pressure ports provide redundant design. The waterproof deicing plate is provided with a deicing heating wire and a micro-drain port for heating deicing and drainage. The total pressure pipeline and the static pressure pipeline filter melt water with the help of a waterproof breathable membrane to prevent it from entering the rear pressure pipeline. The heating wire wrapped outside the total pressure conduit and the static pressure conduit forms a series circuit with the deicing heating wire to improve the heat removal efficiency. The design of the total pressure pagoda joint and the static pressure pagoda joint of different lengths at the tail saves structural space and is easy to install and maintain. The present invention not only meets the requirements of lightweight and miniaturization, but also has the functions of low-power intelligent deicing and water drainage after ice melting.

2. The pitot tube with deicing and drainage functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: Its appearance is a pointed cone-shaped streamlined design, which not only makes the airflow more stable when passing through the front end of the pitot tube, reduces the fluctuation and turbulence of the airflow, reduces interference, and ensures that the measured total pressure and static pressure are more accurate, but also can effectively reduce air resistance, adapt to the impact of high-speed airflow, reduce flight energy consumption, and increase flight speed.

3. The pitot tube with deicing and drainage functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are gas guide grooves running through the first section in the upper, lower, left and right directions. The existence of the guide grooves can change the flow characteristics of the airflow, form a thin air layer on the surface of the pitot tube, prevent water droplets or ice crystals from adhering to the pitot tube, and guide the airflow to flow more smoothly through the front end of the pitot tube, so that the airflow flows along a preset path when the aircraft is maneuvering or encountering crosswinds, isolating these interference factors, reducing airflow fluctuations and turbulence, and improving the measurement accuracy of total pressure and static pressure.

4. The pitot tube with deicing and drainage functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The total pressure port is set at the front end of the pitot tube so that it can be the first to contact the relatively stable and undisturbed airflow, reduce pressure loss, improve measurement reliability, and be able to adapt to different flight conditions. Regardless of the aircraft's flight conditions such as climbing, diving, turning, etc., the total pressure port at the front end can always be in relatively stable contact with the airflow to ensure total pressure measurement.

5. The pitot tube with deicing and drainage functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The static pressure port is set on the radial side of the shuttle-shaped drainage port, and the three static pressure ports are evenly arranged at 30° intervals. Firstly, the existence of multiple static pressure ports provides a redundant design to ensure that the pitot tube can provide relatively reliable static pressure data. Secondly, multiple static pressure ports can collect static pressure data from different directions, compensate for airflow deviation, and adapt to different flight attitudes.

6. The pitot tube with deicing and drainage functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: A low-power de-icing heating wire is installed in the waterproof de-icing plate located near the total pressure port and static pressure port at the front end of the pitot tube, where ice is most likely to form. Once ice forms, it can not only respond quickly, shorten the de-icing time, and ensure the accuracy and continuity of pressure measurement, but also reduce the overall energy consumption of the aircraft and improve the aircraft's endurance.

7. The pitot tube with deicing and drainage functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waterproof breathable membrane used in the total pressure pipe and static pressure pipe allows air to pass freely, ensuring that the total pressure source and static pressure source can be accurately transmitted to the pressure sensor. At different flight altitudes and flight speeds, the waterproof breathable membrane can quickly balance the internal and external pressure differences, making the measurement more accurate. The total pressure pipe and static pressure pipe of the pitot tube are isolated from the heated warm and humid airflow by the waterproof breathable membrane at the heating part of the waterproof de-icing plate, and the melt water is discharged through the drainage holes set under the waterproof breathable membrane to prevent water accumulation from interfering with pressure measurement.

8. The pitot tube with deicing and drainage functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The total pressure pagoda joint at the tail of the pitot tube is longer than the static pressure pagoda joint, and the interface positions of the two are staggered in a stepped manner. The design of different lengths not only saves structural space, makes the pitot tube lighter as a whole, but also makes it easy to distinguish, allowing workers to quickly and accurately distinguish during installation and maintenance, avoid wrong connections, and improve work efficiency and accuracy.

Images